浙江專版2025版高考英語一輪復習Unit2Cloning高考拆組訓練新人教版選修8

PAGEPAGE7Unit2Cloning閱讀理解組塊專練——練速度(限時：30分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AAtyournextmeeting,waitforapauseinconversationandtrytomeasurehowlongitlasts.AmongEnglishspeakers,chancesarethatitwillbeasecondortwoatmost.Butwhilethispatternmaybeuniversal,ourawarenessofsilencediffersdramaticallyacrosscultures.Whatonecultureconsidersaconfusingorawkwardpausemaybeseenbyothersasavaluablemomentofreflectionandasignofrespectforwhatthelastspeakerhassaid.ResearchinDutch(荷蘭語)andalsoinEnglishfoundthatwhenasilenceinconversationstretchestofourseconds,peoplestarttofeeluneasy.Incontrast,aseparatestudyofbusinessmeetingsfoundthatJapanesepeoplearehappywithsilencesof8.2seconds—nearlytwiceaslongasinAmericans'meetings.InJapan,itisrecognisedthatthebestcommunicationiswhenyoudon'tspeakatall.It'salreadyafailuretounderstandeachotherbyspeakingbecauseyou'rerepairingthatfailurebyusingwords.IntheUS,itmayoriginatefromthehistoryofcolonial(殖民地的)Americaasacrossroadsofmanydifferentraces.Whenyouhaveacomplexofdifference,it'shardtoestablishcommonunderstandingunlessyoutalkandthere'sunderstandablyakindofanxietyunlesspeopleareverballyengagedtoestablishacommonlife.ThisappliesalsotosomeextenttoLondon.Incontrast,whenthere'smorehomogeneity,_perhapsit'seasierforsomekindsofsilencetoappear.Forexample,amongyourclosestfriendsandfamilyit'seasiertositinsilencethanwithpeopleyou'relesswellacquaintedwith.語篇解讀：本文主要講解并描述了談話中的緘默文化。盡管交談中出現(xiàn)停頓是普遍存在的，但我們對緘默的相識在不同的文化中有著巨大的差異。不同的文化中緘默時間不同，對于緘默的看法也不同。1．Whichofthefollowingpeoplemighthavethelongestsilenceinconversation?A．TheDutch.B．Americans.C．TheEnglish. D．TheJapanese.解析：選D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次、三段內(nèi)容可知，日本人在談話中緘默時間最長。故選D。2．WhatmighttheJapaneseagreewithinconversation?A．Speakingmoregivestheupperhand.B．Speakoutwhatyouhaveinyourmind.C．Greatmindsthinkalikewithoutwords.D．Theshortertalkingsilence,thebetter.解析：選C推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段首句可知，在日本，一般認為最好的溝通是一句話不說的時候。因此推斷日本人認為“宏大的心靈，無言而喻”。故選C。3．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Afour-secondsilenceinconversationisuniversal.B．It'shardforAmericanstoreachacommonagreement.C．EnglishspeakersaremoretalkativethanJapanesespeakers.D．Thecloserweandourfamilyare,theeasierthesilenceappears.解析：選D推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一句可知，密切的人之間更簡單出現(xiàn)緘默，因此我們和家人越密切，緘默越簡單出現(xiàn)。故選D。4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“homogeneity”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Similarity. B．Contradiction.C．Diversity. D．Misunderstanding.解析：選A詞義揣測題。依據(jù)下文的舉例可知，越密切的人，越簡單出現(xiàn)緘默，因此推斷畫線句表示相比而言，當有更多相像時，或許緘默更簡單出現(xiàn)。故畫線詞意思與similarity意義相近。故選A。BPlantcloninghasbeenanagriculturaltechniqueusedbyfarmersandgardenersforcenturies.Grafting(嫁接)isacommonformofplantcloning.Manyplantsinnatureactuallyclonethemselvesandreproduceasexually(無性生殖地)．Clonedplantsaremuchmorepredictablethannormalplants,sotheiryield(產(chǎn)量)ismorereliable.Clonedplantsalsoreproducefaster,limitingtheamountoftimebetweenplantingandharvesting.Itisalsooftencheapertoproduceseedsthroughcloningthanthroughtraditionalmethods.Plantscanessentiallybeoptimizedsothatfarmersorindividualgrowersalwayshavethebestseedsavailable.Withhigheryieldatafasterrate,farmscanproducemorefoodformorepeoplewhiledecreasingoverallcosts.Cloningcanbeusedtowipeoutdiseasesthatpreviouslykilledoffentirefieldsofcrops.Thiswouldmakeplantsimmunetothekindsofdiseasesthatfarmersandgardenersaroundtheworldfeareachyear.Cropfailuresduetodiseaseandviruscouldbecomeathingofthepast.Also,plantsthatarenearextinctioncanbebroughtbacktolifethroughcloning.Throughcloningscientistscandevelopsuperfruitsandvegetablesofsuperior(更好的)nutritionalquality.Thiscouldmakeforahealthierpopulationoverall.Thishasalreadybeendonethroughselectivepollination(授粉),andgeneticcloningcouldtakeittothenextlevel.Byplantcloningwehaveapopulationofidenticalplantsandalltheseplantsequallysufferfromthesamediseases,butinnaturetheweakwoulddieandthestrongwouldsurvive.Whiletherearesomedangerstoconsiderwithplantcloning,thereareplentyofbenefitsthatcouldprovevitaltothepropagation(繁衍)ofthehumanspecies.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了植物克隆的好處。)5．Theunderlinedword“optimized”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto“________”．A．grown B．producedC．perfected D．examined解析：選C詞義揣測題。依據(jù)“sothatfarmersorindividualgrowersalwayshavethebestseedsavailable”可知，optimize與perfect的意思相近。6．Accordingtothetext,clonedplants________.A．haveloweryieldthannormalplantsB．needlesscarefrompeopleC．preventvariouskindsofdiseasesD．haveashortergrowthcycle解析：選D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從其次段中的“Clonedplantsalsoreproducefaster,limitingtheamountoftimebetweenplantingandharvesting.”可知，克隆的植物的生長周期短。7．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Towarnthenegativeeffectsofplantcloning.B．Toshowdifferentkindsofplantcloning.C．Topredictthefutureofplantcloning.D．Tointroducetheadvantagesofplantcloning.解析：選D寫作目的題。文章的其次、三、四段都是在介紹植物克隆的好處，所以本文的目的是介紹植物克隆的好處。CWeareallfascinatedbymysteries.Tosomeextentwelovetoexpectstrangephenomenonoccurringbeforeus.Herearesomeamazingunsolvedmysteries.TheGeorgiaGuidestonesOnoneofthehighesthilltopsinElbertCounty,Georgiastandsagiantgranitemonument(花崗巖紀念碑).Carvedineightdifferentlanguagesonthefourgiantstonesare10Guides.Theoriginofthisstrangemonumentiscoveredinmysterybecausenooneknowsthetrueidentityoftheman,ormen,whoconstructedit.AllweknowisthatinJune1979,amanidentifyinghimselfasR．C.Christianannouncedthathewouldbuildsomethingtoconveyamessagetomankind,buttodate,nooneknowswhoR．C.Christianreallywas.BermudaTriangleTheBermudaTriangleisatriangularareaoftheAtlanticOcean.Manyplanes,ships,andboatsaresaidtohavedisappearedinthistrianglewithoutatrace,whichledtothebeliefthat“supernatural”forcesexistinthisareaofthesea.Couldtheretrulybeanunnaturalforceatworkinthisgeographicaltriangleorarethesedisappearancesmerelycoincidence?Eitherway,numerouspeopleremainunwillingtostepovertheboundarylineintotheDevil'sTriangle.LochNessMonsterTheLochNessMonsterisalegendaryanimalthatsupposedlylivesinthedepthsofLochNess,alongnarrowlakelocatedinruralScotland.Storiesconcerningthemonsterdatebacktothe6thcenturyAD.Overtheyearsthousandshavereportedseeingalongneckappearingfromthewaterwithasmallheadofanunknowncreature.Pictureshaveevenbeentakenofthis“creature”，butmostscientistsrefusetobelieveanycreatureofthiskindlivesintheLochNess.Sofar,theevidenceisinadequate,andthecontroversycontinues.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了世界上三大未解之謎，包括佐治亞州的巨石陣、百慕大三角和尼斯湖水怪。8．WhyistheGeorgiaGuidestonesmysterious?A．ItisononeofthehighesthilltopsinElbertB．Thereareeightdifferentlanguagesonthestones.C．Thepersonwhobuiltitremainsunknown.D．R.C.Christiancouldconveyamessagetomankind.解析：選C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)TheGeorgiaGuidestones部分其次段內(nèi)容可知，巨石陣很神奇是因為沒有人知道是誰建立了它。故選C。9．WhyarepeopleunwillingtoentertheBermudaTriangle?A．Itistooremotefromland.B．Thechanceofsurvivingisslimthere.C．Therearesupernaturalforcesinthearea.D．Alltransportationshavedisappearedthere.解析：選B推理推斷題。依據(jù)BermudaTriangle部分第一段其次句可知，在百慕大三角常常有飛機、輪船和小船失蹤；由此可推知，在百慕大三角人們幸存的可能性很小，所以很多人不情愿進入百慕大三角地帶。故選B。10．WhatcanweknowaboutLochNessMonster?A．Itexistedinthe6thcenturyAD.B．Itissaidtohavealongneckandalargehead.C．IthasbeenlivinginLochD．Peoplehaven'treachedanagreementonitsexistence.解析：選D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段第一句可知，關(guān)于水怪的故事始于公元6世紀，并不是說水怪出現(xiàn)在公元6世紀，故解除A項；依據(jù)最終一段其次句中的“withasmallhead”可知，B項錯誤；依據(jù)最終一段倒數(shù)其次句可知，大多數(shù)科學家都不信任有這種水怪生活在尼斯湖中，故解除C項；依據(jù)最終一段最終一句可知，D項“人們對它的存在沒有達成一樣看法”符合原文。故選D。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Toooftenaninappropriateviewgetsaroundusthatitisourphysicalconditionsthatmakeushappyorunhappy.Asaconsequence,physicalconditionshavebeenoverstated.__1__，thatis,goodstandardofliving,highgoalsthatwewanttoobtain,surroundingourselveswithanicehouse,nicecar,niceclothes,etc.__2__.Butmanytimesonceweobtainourgoalsandaresurroundedbywhatwethoughtwouldmakeushappy,wearestillunhappy.Alsoontheotherendofthestick,many,manypeopleareunhappynow,becausetheyhavenotobtainedtheirgoalsand__3__，which,consequently,addstotheirdissatisfactionwithlife.Sothisiswhysomanypeoplekeepthemselvesformostoftheirlivesinastateof“incompleteness”andunhappiness,andthisiswhysomanysupersuccessfulpeoplestillaren'thappy.Thereasonisthat__4__.TheythinkthattheUniverseshouldgivethemwhattheywantfirstandthenthey'llbehappy.ButthatjustputsabarrierinbetweenthemandhappinessbecauseofthewaytheUniverseissetup.Themessagehereistounderstandthatyourdesirestellyouwhereyouwanttoputyourfocusinyourlife,however,__5__.Youmakeyourselfhappyfromtheinsideout,nottheoutsidein.Donotrequirecertainconditionsbemetforyourhappiness,becauseitwon'tworkan