江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市2018-2019學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題

PAGE30-0江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市2018-2019學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題注意：本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分。兩部分答案都做在答題紙上?？偡譃?50分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。第I卷（選擇題共105分）第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthewomandofortheman?A.Shegothimajob.B.Shepaidforhisdinner.C.Shelookedafterhiscat.2.WhatwillthemandothisSaturdaynight?A.Attendaconcert.B.Gotoamovie.C.Watchagame.3.Whywillthemanreturnhismeal?A.Itistoocold.B.Thereisahairinit.C.Hegotthewrongorder.4.Howmuchdoestheplaneticketcosttoday?A.$500.B.$700.C.$1000.5.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A,Shoes.B.Birthdays.C.Agym.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6至第7題。6.WhatisTomdoing?A.Havingameal.B.Shoppinginamarket.C.Talkingwithhisaunt.7.WhenwillLilygetinataxi?A.Infiveminutes.B.Intenminutes.C.Infifteenminutes.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8至第9題。8.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutdrivinginthecity?A.Excited.B.Anxious.C.Calm.9.Wherewillthespeakerspark?A.Byamusicstore.B.Byarestaurant.C.Byamall.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第10至第12題。10.Howmanypeoplewillbeinthegroup?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.11.Whydothespeakerschoosetodoaperformance?A.Everyoneelsewillchoosetodoone.B.Theywanttobecreative.C.Theteachersaidtheymustdoone.12.Howoftenwillthegroupmeet?A,Onceaweek.B.Threetimesaweek.C.Fourtimesaweek.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第13至第16題。13.Whattypeofroomwillthemanstayin?A.Thepoolsideroom.B.Theoceanviewroom.C.Thegardenviewroom.14.Whatwillthemandowhilehe'swaiting?A.Playtennis.B.Sitonthesofas.C.Goforaswim.15.Wherewillthemangotoabouttwohours?A.Tothezoo.B.Totheopera.C.Tothemuseum.16.Whattimedoesbreakfaststart?A.At7:00.B.At7:30.C.At8:30.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白：回答第17至第20題。17.WhatdidJohnMuirwrite?A.Reportsaboutanimals.B.Letterstothegovernment.C.Booksabouthisadventures.18.WhatwasfoundedbyJohnMuirin1892?A.YosemiteValley.B.TheSierraClub.C.SequoiaNationalPark19.Accordingtothetalk,whatis211milesSong?A.JohnMuirWay.B.JohnMuirRoad.C.JohnMuirTrail.20.WhichlocationwasJohnMuirmostfamousfor?A.Nevada.B.Scotland.C.California.第二部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）1.Therecent40yearsgreatchangestakingplacealloverChina.A.witnessedB.haswitnessedC.hadwitnessedD.witnesses【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：近40年來(lái)，中國(guó)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。表示動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或可能還要繼續(xù)下去，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選B。2.Isanypossibilitythemajorityofthelabourforcewillworkathomeinthenextfewdecades?A.it;thatB.there;whetherC.it;whetherD.there;that【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查同位語(yǔ)從句和therebe句型。句意：未來(lái)幾十年，大多數(shù)勞動(dòng)力有可能在家工作嗎?這里是一個(gè)therebe句型，排除A和C；themajorityofthelabourforcewillworkathomeinthenextfewdecades是一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中不作任何成分，也沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義，用that，故選D。3.StevegavealookandsaidhehadnoideawhatIwastalkingabout.A.optimisticB.blankC.outgoingD.tiling【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：Steve茫然地看了我一眼，說(shuō)他不知道我在說(shuō)什么。根據(jù)hehadnoideawhatIwastalkingabout.可知這里意思是“Steve茫然地看了我一眼”，A.optimistic樂(lè)觀的；B.blank茫然的；C.outgoing外向的；D.tiling瓷磚，故選B。4.Whenyou'realwayswantingmoreandalwayslookingforwardtoatimeyou'llbe"happy",you'llneverbereallyhappy.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：當(dāng)你總是想要更多，總是期待一個(gè)你會(huì)“快樂(lè)”的時(shí)刻，你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)真正快樂(lè)。you'llbe"happy"是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是atime，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故選C。5.Thesuccessofherbookhasgivenherhighsocial.A.statusB.sculptureC.approvalD.figure【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：她的書(shū)的成功給了她很高的社會(huì)地位。A.status地位；B.sculpture雕塑；C.approval批準(zhǔn)；D.figure數(shù)字，根據(jù)題意，故選A。6.—There'snoneedtotakeanyfood,Mom,I'msofull.—Comeon,baby.Takesomejust.A.inadvanceB.inviewC.incaseD.intime【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：——沒(méi)有必要帶任何食物，媽媽，我太飽了?！獊?lái)吧，寶貝。帶一些以防萬(wàn)一。A.inadvance提前；B.inview在視野范圍內(nèi)；C.incase萬(wàn)一；D.intime及時(shí)，根據(jù)題意，故選C。7.China'sfirstself-designedmodembridgereopenedtoroadtraffic,weChineseweresoproudwhenitwasbuilt50yearsago.A.towhichB.forwhichC.inwhichD.ofwhich【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：中國(guó)第一座自行設(shè)計(jì)的現(xiàn)代化大橋?qū)Φ缆愤\(yùn)輸重新開(kāi)放，50年前它被建造，我們中國(guó)人為之自豪。weChineseweresoproudwhenitwasbuilt50yearsago.是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是China'sfirstself-designedmodembridge，關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，指物，beproudof以……而驕傲，介詞提到關(guān)系代詞的前面，故選D。8.Sinceitsintroduction,theBeidounavigationsystem（導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)）hasbeentoeverydaylife,fromsharedbikestofarming.A.appliedB.advancedC.exploredD.supplied【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：自推出以來(lái)，北斗導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)已應(yīng)用于日常生活，從共享自行車到農(nóng)業(yè)。A.applied應(yīng)用；B.advanced前進(jìn)；C.explored開(kāi)發(fā)；D.supplied供應(yīng)，根據(jù)題意，故選A。9.TherequirementofthegovernmentisthatthecitizensnotsetofffireworksfromJanuary1,2019on.A.shallB.shouldC.canD.may【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：政府的要求是，從2019年1月1日起，市民不得燃放煙花爆竹。當(dāng)requirement等名詞后接表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”的形式來(lái)構(gòu)成虛擬語(yǔ)氣，故選B。10.greatfamehehaswon,KrisWu,apopularChinese-Canadiansinger,istryingtobridgetheEastandWestwithhismusic.A.HoweverB.WhateverC.WheneverD.Wherever【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：無(wú)論他贏得了多大的名氣，吳亦凡，一個(gè)受歡迎的華裔加拿大歌手，正試圖用他的音樂(lè)連接?xùn)|西方。A.However然而；B.Whatever無(wú)論；C.Whenever無(wú)論何時(shí)；D.Wherever無(wú)論哪里，根據(jù)題意，故選B。11.Successalwayshidesbehindthenextcomerintheroad,soyouwillneverknowhowcloseitliesyouturnthecomer.A.asB.ifC.thoughD.unless【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：成功總是藏在路的另一個(gè)拐角處，所以你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)知道它離你有多近，除非你轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)這個(gè)拐角。A.as因?yàn)?；B.if如果；C.though盡管；D.unless除非，根據(jù)題意，故選D。12.Ifyousomethingsuchasastoryorexcuse,youinventit,sometimesinordertocheatpeople.A.takeupB.makeupC.lookupD.keepup【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：如果你編造一個(gè)故事或借口，你虛構(gòu)了它，有時(shí)是為了欺騙別人。A.takeup開(kāi)始從事；B.makeup編造；C.lookup查閱；D.keepup保持，根據(jù)題意，故選B。13.Jonahwasalittleworriedbecauseheanewjobthenextdayandhewasn'tsurewhetherhewouldbefitforit.A.havedoneB.willdoC.wastodoD.did【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：Jonah有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心，因?yàn)樗诙煲鲆环菪鹿ぷ?，他不確定自己是否能勝任。表示從過(guò)去的某一時(shí)間來(lái)看將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)，用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，故選C。14.—ItwashardworkthatwonFrankthebestscoresoneachtest,?—Yes.Whenitcomestostudy,hardworkcounts.A.wasitB.wasn’titC.diditD.didn’tit【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查反義疑問(wèn)句?！桥Φ貙W(xué)習(xí)，使得Frank每次考試都得最高分，不是嗎?——是的。說(shuō)到學(xué)習(xí)，努力學(xué)習(xí)很重要。反意疑問(wèn)句由“陳述句+簡(jiǎn)略疑問(wèn)句”兩部分組成，第一部分提出一種看法，第二部分用來(lái)質(zhì)疑或表示證實(shí)。疑問(wèn)部分與陳述部分的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)應(yīng)保持一致，而且肯定和否定形式彼此相反，即陳述部分為肯定式時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用否定式，陳述部分為否定式時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用肯定式。這里含有一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的反意疑問(wèn)句，后半部分的附加疑問(wèn)句部分的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)以及時(shí)態(tài)要與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型本身保持一致，故選B。15.—WouldyoumindifIclosedthedoor,asitissocold?—Ofcoursenot..A.MypleasureB.ItdependsC.WithpleasureD.Goahead【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情景對(duì)話。句意：——你介意我把門(mén)關(guān)上嗎？因?yàn)樘淞??！?dāng)然不，干吧。A.Mypleasure別客氣；B.Itdepends看情況而定；C.Withpleasure樂(lè)意地；D.Goahead干吧，根據(jù)題意，故選D。第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題15分，滿分30分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。"Paige,godowntotheoffice,"saidmyteacher,Therewasastrangetone（語(yǔ)氣）inher___16___.Iwasneverknowntogetintotrouble,soIknewsomethingwas___17___.Itgotevenmore___18___whenmyteachersaidmymomwasonthephone.Didsomethinghappentomy___19___?Ipickedupthephone;Iwasbarelybreathingandmyhandswere___20___."Honey,therewasabankrobberytodayandyourdadwas___21___inthecarchasethatfollowed.Heisdoingokay,butshotswerefiredathissquad(特別行動(dòng)小組)."Mydadhasbeena___22___forover25years.Everydayofmylife,Ihavelivedwiththe___23___thoughtthatsomethingcouldhappentohim.Ihavealwaysbeen___24___tomydad,andIdonotknowwhatIwoulddoifhewastakenawayfromme,Iamso___25___ofhisjob,butImustadmititwouldbe___26___ifhehadanormaljob.OnApril28,mydadgotthecalltogotoabankrobbery.Therobbery___27___acarchase.Mydadwasdrivingfastto___28___therobber.Overtheradio,afellowofficerwasyellingathim___29___himtherobberwaspointingaguntowardshissquad.Threeshotswerefired.Mycladnarrowlyescapedthosebullets.AllIhadtohearwasthatmydadwasinvolvedinashooting,andIwas___30___hisfuneral(葬禮).Ithoughtthedaywouldneverend.MymomandIsatathomewaitingformydadtowalkthroughthedoor.Thesecondhedid.Irusheduptohimandgavehimthebiggest___31___intheworld.Lifeisabout___32___itwiththeonesyoulove.Whatisthe___33___oflifeifyoudonothaveyourfriendsandfamily?Thisexperiencehastaughtmea___34___.Ihavelearnedtolivemylifetothe___35___andnevertotakeanyoneoranythingforgranted.16.A.mindB.heartC.voiceD.appearance17.A.wrongB.excitingC.boringD.common18.A.encouragingB.confusingC.satisfyingD.annoying19.A.schoolB.classC.familyD.committee20.A.wavingB.shakingC.sufferingD.moving21.A.lostB.heldC.involvedD.taken22.A.policemanB.coachC.professorD.doctor23.A.anxiousB.optimisticC.interestingD.unnecessary24.A.hatefulB.closeC.cruelD.helpful25.A.tiredB.proudC.jealousD.ashamed26.A.harderB.poorerC.easierD.wealthier27.A.gaveoutB.tookawayC.cameacrossD.turnedinto28.A.keepupwithB.lookuptoC.riseupagainstD.getawayfrom29.A.inspiringB.warningC.comfortingD.instructing30.A.describingB.refusingC.holdingD.imagining31.A.demandB.hugC.successD.shock32.A.comparingB.sharingC.hidingD.regretting33.A.wayB.atmosphereC.fortuneD.point34.A.subjectB.rateC.lessonD.skill35.A.happiestB.fullestC.longestD.highest【答案】16.C17.A18.B19.C20.B21.C22.A23.A24.B25.B26.C27.D28.A29.B30.D31.B32.B33.D34.C35.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章主要講了作者的父親是一名警察，在一次飛車追捕搶劫犯的行動(dòng)中，與死神擦肩而過(guò)。這次經(jīng)歷讓作者學(xué)會(huì)了充實(shí)地生活，不再把任何人或任何事視為理所當(dāng)然?！?6題詳解】考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)tone可知這里意思是她的聲音里有一種很奇怪的語(yǔ)氣。A.mind理智；B.heart心臟；C.voice聲音；D.appearance外貌，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)Iwasneverknowntogetintotrouble可知這里意思是所以我知道出了一些事。A.wrong失常的；B.exciting令人心奮的；C.boring無(wú)聊的；D.common普通的，故選A?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)whenmyteachersaidmymomwasonthephone.可知這讓我更加的困惑。A.encouraging令人鼓舞的；B.confusing混亂的；C.satisfying令人滿意的；D.annoying討厭的，故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞辨析。上文說(shuō)老師說(shuō)：我的母親讓我接電話，由此推斷出我會(huì)猜想是我的家人出事了嗎？A.school學(xué)校；B.class班級(jí)；C.family家人；D.committee委員會(huì)，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)Iwasbarelybreathing可知我的手在顫動(dòng)。A.waving揮動(dòng)；B.shaking顫動(dòng)；C.suffering受苦；D.moving移動(dòng)，故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)AllIhadtohearwasthatmydadwasinvolvedinashooting可知這里意思是你的父親參與了汽車追捕。A.lost失去；B.held握?。籆.involved參與；D.taken拿，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)Overtheradio,afellowofficerwasyellingathim___14___himtherobberwaspointingaguntowardshissquad.可推斷出我的父親是一名警察。A.policeman警察；B.coach教練；C.professor教授；D.doctor醫(yī)生，故選A。【23題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)thatsomethingcouldhappentohim.可知我每天都有焦慮的想法。A.anxious焦慮的；B.optimistic樂(lè)觀的；C.interesting有趣的；D.unnecessary不必要的，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)andIdonotknowwhatIwoulddoifhewastakenawayfromme可知我和我的父親很親密。A.hateful可惡的；B.close緊密的；C.cruel殘忍的；D.helpful有幫助的，故選B?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)butImustadmititwouldbe___11___ifhehadanormaljob.可知我為他的工作感到自豪。A.tired疲倦的；B.proud自豪的；C.jealous妒忌的；D.ashamed慚愧的，故選B?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：但我必須承認(rèn)，如果他有一份正常的工作，事情會(huì)容易得多。A.harder更難的；B.poorer更貧窮的；C.easier更容易；D.wealthier更富有，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：搶劫變成了汽車追逐。A.gaveout分發(fā)；B.tookaway帶走；C.cameacross偶遇；D.turnedinto變成，故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我爸爸開(kāi)得很快，以便趕上那個(gè)強(qiáng)盜。A.keepupwith趕得上；B.lookupto尊敬；C.riseupagainst奮起反抗；D.getawayfrom擺脫，故選A。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)therobberwaspointingaguntowardshissquad.可知一位警官在警告他。A.inspiring鼓舞；B.warning警告；C.comforting安慰；D.instructing指導(dǎo)，故選B。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)Thesecondhedid.Irusheduptohimandgavehimthebiggest___16___intheworld.可知我在想象他的葬禮。A.describing描述；B.refusing拒絕；C.holding召開(kāi)；D.imagining想象，故選D。【31題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：我沖向他，給了他世界上最大的擁抱。A.demand要求；B.hug擁抱；C.success成功；D.shock震驚，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：生活就是與你所愛(ài)的人分享它。A.comparing比較；B.sharing分享；C.hiding隱藏；D.regretting后悔，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：如果你沒(méi)有朋友和家人，生活還有什么意義?A.way方法；B.atmosphere大氣；C.fortune運(yùn)氣；D.point要點(diǎn)，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)Ihavelearnedtolivemylifetothe___20___andnevertotakeanyoneoranythingforgranted.可知這次經(jīng)歷教給我一個(gè)教訓(xùn)。A.subject科目；B.rate比率；C.lesson教訓(xùn)；D.skill技能，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：我學(xué)會(huì)了充實(shí)地生活，從不把任何人或任何事視為理所當(dāng)然。A.happiest快樂(lè)的；B.fullest最充實(shí)的；C.longest最長(zhǎng)的；D.highest最高的，故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】完形填空的解題技巧之一就是要根據(jù)上下文來(lái)學(xué)會(huì)“推理”出最佳選項(xiàng)。同學(xué)們要遵循“上下求索”的原則來(lái)查找信息。例如，小題5根據(jù)Iwasbarelybreathing可知我的手在顫動(dòng)。A.waving揮動(dòng)；B.shaking顫動(dòng)；C.suffering受苦；D.moving移動(dòng)，故選B。小題7根據(jù)Overtheradio,afellowofficerwasyellingathim___14___himtherobberwaspointingaguntowardshissquad.可推斷出我的父親是一名警察。A.policeman警察；B.coach教練；C.professor教授；D.doctor醫(yī)生，故選A。第三部分：閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AThebestbooksoftheyearFiction|Simon&Schuster$26.AsymmetryByLisaHallidayThefirstsection,"Folly,"isthestoryofaloveaffairbetweenabookeditorandanelderlynovelist.Thesecondsection,"Madness"describesanIraqi-AmericaneconomistwhoisbeingheldupatHeathrowairport.In"Asymmetry,"twoseeminglyunrelatedsectionsareconnectedbyashockingfinale.Fiction|Viking.$27.TheGreatBelieversByRebeccaMakkaiSetintheChicagoofthemid-80sandParisatthetimeofthe2015terroristattacks,Makkai'sdeeplyaffectingnovelusestheAIDSepidemicandamother'ssearchforherdistantdaughtertoexploretheeffectsofsenselesslossandoureffortstoovercomeit.Nonfiction|RandomHouse$28.EducatedByTaraWestoverWestover'sextraordinarymemoir(回憶錄)isanactofcourageandself-invention.Theyoungestofsevenchildren,shegrewupinIdaho,inasurvivalistfamilylackingevenabirthcertificate(證明)anddidnotattendschooluntilshewenttocollege.TherewardforhereffortsIsabookthatshowstoagreatthirsttolearn.Nonfiction|Simon&Schuster$37.50.FrederickDouglassByDavidW.BlightDouglasswrotethreeautobiographies(自傳）himself,describinghisrisefromslaverytoaroleasoneofthegreatestfiguresofthe19thcentury,butBlight'sworkisfullerthananyofthose,relatingboththepublicandprivatelifeinawaythatDouglasseithercouldnotorwouldnotundertake.36.Whichofthefollowingbooksarepublishedbythesamepublishinghouse?A.Asymmetry&TheGreatBelievers.B.TheGreatBelievers&Educated.C.Educated&FrederickDouglass.D.Asynimetry&FrederickDouglass.37.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thereisnoconnectionbetweenthetwosectionsin"Asymmetry".B."TheGreatBelievers"issetinapoorfamilyinIdaho.C.Westoverdidn'tattendasingledayofschoolbeforegoingtothecollege.D.Blightwrotethreeautobiographiesaboutboththepublicandprivatelife.【答案】36.D37.C【解析】這是一篇廣告布告類閱讀。文章主要介紹了幾本今年最好的書(shū)。【36題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在Asymmetry部分Fiction|Simon&Schuster$26.和FrederickDouglass部分Nonfiction|Simon&Schuster$37.50.可知Asynimetry和FrederickDouglass.是同一家出版社出版的，故選D?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在Educated部分Theyoungestofsevenchildren,shegrewupinIdaho,inasurvivalistfamilylackingevenabirthcertificate(證明)anddidnotattendschooluntilshewenttocollege.可知Westover在上大學(xué)之前沒(méi)有上過(guò)一天學(xué)，故選C。BSummer'shereanditwon'tbelongbeforeschool-agedkidsacrossAmericastartcomplainingthatthey'retiredofridingtheirbikes,playingatthepark,swimminginthepoolandalltheotherawesomeactivitiestheirparentshopedwouldkeepthempleasantforthenext10weeks.Well,ifit'sanycomfort,suchrapidboredomcouldsuggestthatthekidshaveamazingpowersofmemory.Anewstudyshowsthatthebetteryourshort-termmemoryis,thefasteryoufedsated(過(guò)飽的）anddecideyou'vehadenough."Thoughsatiationcanbephysical,likewhenyoufeelfullaftereatingtoomuch,wewereinterestedinthepsychological(心理學(xué)的）sideofsatiation.Likewhenyou’rejusttiredofsomething,"NoelleNelson,assistantprofessorofmarketingandconsumerbehavior.SheandhercolleagueJosephReddenattheUniversityofMinnesotatriedtothinkoutsidethelunchbox."Somethingthatwasinterestingtomeisthatsomepeoplegettiredofsamethingsatverydifferentspeeds.Soifyouthinkaboutpopsongsontheradio,somepeoplemuststillbeenjoyingthemandrequestingthemevenafterhearingthemalot.Butalotofotherpeoplearereallysickofthosesamesongs."Thedifference,theresearchersthought,mighthavetodowithmemoriesofpastexperiences.Forexample,studiesshowthatpeoplepushawayfromthedinnertablesoonerwhenthey'reaskedtodescribeindetailwhattheyateearlierforlunch.Sotheresearcherstestedthememorycapacity(能力）ofcollegestudents,ThestudentsthenviewedarepeatingseriesofthreeclassicpaintingslikeTheStarryNight,AmericanGothic,andTheScreamorlistenedandre-listenedtoaseriesofthreepopsongsorthreepiecesofclassicalmusic.Throughoutthetest,thestudentswereaskedtorate（定等級(jí)）theirexperiencefromzerototan.Andthebetteraparticipantscoredinthememorytest,thefastertheygotbored."Wefoundthatpeoplewithlargercapacitiesrememberedmoreaboutthemusicorart,whichledtothemgettingtiredofthemusicorartmorequickly.Sorememberingmoredetailsactuallymadethestudentsfeellikethey'dexperiencedthemusicorartmoreoften."Thefindingssuggestthatmarketerscouldcontrolourdesirefortheirproductsbyfiguringoutwaystokeepusfromfullyrememberingourexperiences.Wecouldalsotrickourselvesintoeatinglessjunkfoodbyputtingourselvesinthememoryofaprevious(之前的）snack.Asforkidseasilybored,justtellthemtoforgetaboutit—itmighthelpthemhavemorefun.38.Accordingtothenewstudy,kidsgettiredofsomeactivitiesquicklybecauseof.A.toomanyactivitiesB.goodshort-termmemoryC.fastsatiationD.physicaltiredness39.Theresearchersdidatestoncollegestudentsandfoundthat.A.lowercapacitiescouldhelpthemremembermoreaboutthemusicorartB.thesestudentsgottiredofthingsatthesamespeedC.theyrememberedthethreeclassicpaintingsbetterthanthesongsD.studentswithlargermemorycapacitywouldgetboredfaster40.Theunderlinedword"it"inthelastparagraphrefersto.A.thepastmemoryB.thepastcapacityC.thepastboredomD.thepastcomplaints41.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.School-agedkidstendtohavegoodshort-termmemoryinsummer.B.Badshort-termmemoryismorelikelytomakeusloseinterestinsomethingeasily.C.Thequalityofyourshort-termmemoryaffectsthespeedyoufeelbored.D.Itisimportanttodevelopthememorycapacityofcollegestudents.【答案】38.B39.D40.A41.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇科普類閱讀。這篇文章主要講了短期記憶的質(zhì)量會(huì)影響你感到無(wú)聊的速度?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第一段Well,ifit'sanycomfort,suchrapidboredomcouldsuggestthatthekidshaveamazingpowersofmemory.（好吧，如果這是一種安慰的話，那么這種快速的無(wú)聊可能意味著孩子們有驚人的記憶力。）由此可知，根據(jù)這項(xiàng)新的研究，由于良好的短期記憶，孩子們很快就會(huì)厭倦一些活動(dòng)，故選B。【39題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在倒數(shù)第二段Andthebetteraparticipantscoredinthememorytest,thefastertheygotbored.（參與者在記憶測(cè)試中得分越高，他們?cè)饺菀赘械綗o(wú)聊。）由此可知研究人員對(duì)大學(xué)生進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)測(cè)試，發(fā)現(xiàn)記憶力較強(qiáng)的學(xué)生更容易感到無(wú)聊，故選D。【40題詳解】推理判斷題。上文Wecouldalsotrickourselvesintoeatinglessjunkfoodbyputtingourselvesinthememoryofaprevious(之前的）snack.說(shuō)我們也可以欺騙自己少吃垃圾食品，讓自己記住之前吃過(guò)的零食。由此可知Asforkidseasilybored,justtellthemtoforgetaboutit意思是對(duì)于那些容易感到無(wú)聊的孩子，只要告訴他們忘掉過(guò)去的記憶就行了。"it"的意思是過(guò)去的記憶，故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段Anewstudyshowsthatthebetteryourshort-termmemoryis,thefasteryoufedsated(過(guò)飽的）anddecideyou'vehadenough.是全文的主題句，結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章主要講了短期記憶的質(zhì)量會(huì)影響你感到無(wú)聊的速度，故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】推理判斷題要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出一定的判斷和推理，從而得出文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理判斷題屬于主觀性較強(qiáng)的高層次閱讀理解題，做這類題目時(shí)，同學(xué)們應(yīng)嚴(yán)格依據(jù)作者所陳述的細(xì)節(jié)、事實(shí)以及作者的措詞、態(tài)度和語(yǔ)氣等，找出能夠表露作者思想傾向和感情色彩的詞語(yǔ)，然后利用自己已獲得的相關(guān)知識(shí)進(jìn)行推理判斷，從而得出符合邏輯的結(jié)論。小題3，上文Wecouldalsotrickourselvesintoeatinglessjunkfoodbyputtingourselvesinthememoryofaprevious(之前的）snack.說(shuō)我們也可以欺騙自己少吃垃圾食品，讓自己記住之前吃過(guò)的零食。由此可知Asforkidseasilybored,justtellthemtoforgetaboutit意思是對(duì)于那些容易感到無(wú)聊的孩子，只要告訴他們忘掉過(guò)去的記憶就行了。"it"的意思是過(guò)去的記憶，故選A。CIntheyearsahead,AIwillraisethreebigquestionsforbossesandgovernments.Oneistheeffectonjobs.AlthoughbossespubliclypraisethebroadbenefitsAIwillbringverymuch,theirmaininterestliesincuttingcosts.OneEuropeanbankaskedatechnologycompanytofindawayofreducingthestaffinitsoperationsdepartmentfrom50,000to500.ThisspecialreporthasshownthatAI-enhancedtoolscanhelpreducestaffindepartmentssuchascustomerserviceandhumanresourcesbyalargeamount.TheMcKinseyGlobalInstitutefindsthatby2030upto375mpeople,or14%oftheglobalworkersincompaniesorcountries,couldhavetheirjobsautomatedaway.Bosseswillneedtodecidewhethertheyarepreparedtoofferandpayforretraining,andwhethertheywillgivetimeoffforit.Manycompaniessaytheyareallforworkersdevelopingnewskills,butnotattheemployer’sexpense.AsecondimportantquestionishowtoprotectprivacyasAIspreads.TheInternethasalreadymadeitpossibletotrackpeople'sdigital（數(shù)字的）behaviourinextremelysmalldetail.ATwillofferevenbettertoolsforbusinessestomonitorconsumers(客戶)andworkers,bothonlineandinthephysicalworld.Consumersaresometimeshappytogoalongwiththisifitresultsinpersonalised（個(gè)性化的）service.ButAIprobablybringsprivacyviolations(侵犯)thatareseenasshockingandmorallyunacceptable.Inthewronghands,usefultechnologycouldbeagainstfairandequaltreatment.Countrieswitharecordofthecarefulwatchingofapersonplace,especiallybythepoliceorarmyandhuman-rightsabusesalreadyusingAItomonitorpoliticalactivity.ThepolicearoundtheworldwilluseAItospotcriminals,butmayalsolookonordinarycitizenssecretly,inordertodiscoverthingsorfindoutinformationaboutthem.Newruleswillbeneededtoensureagreementonwhatdegreeofmonitoringisacceptable.ThethirdquestionisabouttheeffectofAIoncompetitioninbusiness.TodaymanyfirmsarecompetingtoprovideAI-enhancedtoolstocompanies.Butatechnologycompanythatachievesartificialintelligencecouldraceaheadofcompetitors,putothersoutofbusinessandlessencompetition.Thisisunlikelytohappeninthenearfuture,butifitdiditwouldbeofgreatconcern.42.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.AllthedailybehaviorofpeopleistrackedbytheInternet.B.AIisakindoftechnologyagainstfairandequaltreatment.C.Consumersarehappytobemonitoredaslongasthereissuitableserviceprovided.D.AImaybeappliedinmorewaysincludingdiscoveringthingsaboutordinarypeople.43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spot”inParagraph2mean?A.noticeB.preventC.reduceD.analyze44.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothispassage?A.ThestaffinaEuropeanbankhasbeensharplyreducedbyAItechnology.B.AIhasarousedconcernaboutprivacyasitspreads.C.Newrulesformonitoringhavebeenset.D.TechnologycompanieshaveachievedmajorbreakthroughsinAI.45.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.BigriseinprofitsB.possibletrackindigitalbehaviourC.SunnywithachanceofthunderstormsD.Promisingwithaconcernofprivacyprotection【答案】42.D43.A44.B45.C【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章通過(guò)說(shuō)明人工智能的利與弊，暗示人工智能是一把雙刃劍，即晴天有雷雨的可能?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第二段ThepolicearoundtheworldwilluseAItospotcriminals,butmayalsolookonordinarycitizenssecretly,inordertodiscoverthingsorfindoutinformationaboutthem.（世界各地的警察將使用人工智能來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)犯罪分子，但也可能會(huì)秘密地監(jiān)視普通公民，以便發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的事情或發(fā)現(xiàn)有關(guān)他們的信息。）故選D?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。在下句butmayalsolookonordinarycitizenssecretly,inordertodiscoverthingsorfindoutinformationaboutthem.中發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵詞lookon，spot與lookon同義，意思是注意。A.notice注意；B.prevent阻止；C.reduce減少；D.analyze對(duì)…進(jìn)行分析，故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第二段AsecondimportantquestionishowtoprotectprivacyasAIspreads.可知人工智能的傳播引起了人們對(duì)隱私的關(guān)注，故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。本文通過(guò)說(shuō)明人工智能的利與弊，暗示人工智能是一把雙刃劍，即晴天有雷雨的可能，故選C。DAmotherstareddownathersonwhowasdyingofterminalleukemia(白血病).Likeanyparentshewantedhersontogrowupandrealizeallhisdreams.Shetookherson'shandandasked,"Bopsy,didyoueverthinkaboutwhatyouwantedtobewhenyougrewup?""Mommy,IalwayswantedtobeafiremanwhenIgrewup."Momsmiledbackandsaid,"Let'sseeifwecanmakeyourwishcometrue."LaterthatdayshewenttoherlocalfiredepartmentinPhoenix,Arizona,whereshemetFiremanBob.Sheexplainedherson'sfinalwishandaskedifitmightbepossibletogivehersix-year-oldsonaridearoundtheblockonafireengine.FiremanBobsaid,"Look,wecandobetterthanthat.Ifyou'llhaveyoursonreadyatseveno'clockWednesdaymorning,wellmakehimanhonoraryfiremanforthewholeday,Hecancomedowntothefirestation；,eatwithus,gooutonallthefirecalls,thewholenineyards!And,ifyou'llgiveushissizes,we'llgetarealfireuniformmadeforhim."ThreedayslaterFiremanBobpickedupBopsy,dressedhiminhisfireuniformandescorted（護(hù)送）himfromhishospitalbedtothewaitinghookandladdertruck.Bopsygottosituponthebackofthetruckandhelpsteeritbacktothefirestation.Hewasinheaven.TherewerethreefirecallsinPhoenixthatdayandBopsygottogooutonallthreecalls.Herodeinthedifferentfireenginesandeventhefirechief'scar.Havinghisdreamcometrue,withalltheloveandattentionthatwaslavished（慷慨給予）uponhim,Bopsylivedthreemonthslongerthananydoctorthoughtpossible.Onenightallofhisvitalsignsbegantodropandtheheadnursebegantocallthefamilymemberstothehospital.ThensherememberedthedayBopsybadspentasafireman,soshecalledthefirechiefandaskedifitwouldbepossibletosendafiremaninuniformtothehospitaltobewithBopsyashemadehistransition.Thechiefreplied,"Wecandobetterthanthat.We'llbethereinfiveminutes.Willyoupleasedomeafavor?Whenyouhearthesirens（警報(bào)器）screamingandseethelightsflashing,willyouannounceoverthePAsystemthatit'sjustthefiredepartmentcomingtoseeoneofitsfinestmembersonemoretime?Andwillyouopenthewindowtohisroom?Thanks?"Aboutfiveminuteslaterahookandladder