2021-2022學年陜西省寶雞市重點中學高二上學期12月檢測考試英語試題（解析版）（不含聽力音頻）

2021-2022學年陜西省寶雞市重點中學高二上學期12月檢測考試英語試題（滿分150分，時間120分鐘）第I卷（共90分）第一部分：聽力理解（每小題1分，滿分20分）第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.AtownB.AstationC.Astore2.Howisthewoman'sankle?A.It'salmostbacktonormalB.It'scompletelyrecoveredC.Itstillhurtsalot3.Whywastheboywhisperinginclass?A.Hewasn'tpayingattentionB.HeneededtoknowthepagenumbersC.Hehadsomethingtotelltheclass4.Howoftenwillthemangotothewoman'shouse?A.AcoupleoftimesperweekB.OnceaweekC.Everyday5.Howdoesthewomanrespondtothequestion?A.SheavoidsthequestionB.SheconfirmsthereportsC.Sheprovidesdetailsonthematter第二節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredidthewomantravellastyear?A.InKenyaB.InNigeriaC.InEthiopia7.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.TakesomepicturesB.TryadifferentkindofcoffeeC.Lookatthewoman'smobilephone聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Howmanypeopledoesthewomanintendtointerview?A.SixB.FiveC.Three9.Whomightthewomanbetalkingto?AAprivateresearcherB.AuniversityinstructorC.Ahighschoolteacher10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.IntroduceherfamilyB.ChooseanothertopicC.Preparesomequestions聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.DiscussingtworecentlyhiredworkersB.DecidingbetweentwojobapplicantsC.Givingtwoemployeestheiryearlyreview12.WhatisapositiveaspectofEric?A.Heseemsveryhard-workingB.HeseemstobegoodonateamC.Heseemsexcitedtobeatthecompany13.WhatshouldMarkdotoimprovehimself?A.BemoreindependentB.LearntoorganizeandplanC.Followinstructionsfromhisboss聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whydidthemanlookunhappythismorning?A.HemissedpartofagameonTVB.HeslepttoomuchduetoapowerfailureC.Hisfatherscoldedhimforthepowerfailure15.Whatwastheimmediatecauseofthepowerfailure?A.ThedishwasherB.TheairconditionerC.Themicrowaveoven16.Whofixedthepowerupintheend?A.ThemanB.Theman'sfatherC.Theman'sneighbor聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.What'stheweatherlikenow?A.RainyB.WindyC.Sunny18.What'sthehighesttemperaturethismorning?A.74degreesB.82degreesC.93degrees19.Whichareawillbeaffectedfirstbythestrongwinds?A.TheeastofthecityB.ThesouthofthecityC.Thenorthernedgeofthecity20.Howcanlistenersgetthelatestweatherinformation?A.BycallingthespeakerB.BysigningupfortextmessagesC.Bycheckingthelocalnewspaper第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)15小題，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWhenyou'reonthego,yourbestfriendandresourcecanbeyourphone.Intheageofsmartphones,appsarelikeguidingstars:Theycanpointyouintherightdirectionforahotel,listexpenses,sendpostcards,andmuchmore.Whenusedtogether,theseappscanbethebasictraveltool,placingawealthofinformationatyourfingertipsnomatterwhereyouareontheplanet.U.S.NewsTravelhaspickedtheessentialtravelapps,knownfortheirutilityandreliability.Bestofall,theycostabsolutelynothing.TripItYourPersonalTravelAgentBeyourowntravelagentandplaneverydetailofyourtrip—fromcarrentaltoaccomadatingrestaurants—withTripIt.Youcanmaketravelschedulebyhand,orsimplyforwardtheemailconfirmationsofyourflight,rentalcar,traintickets,andhotelstoplans.WeatherFreeYourGo-ToMeteorologist(氣象學者)Stoptryingtoexplaintheweatherforecastontheeveningnews(particularlywhenit'sinaforeignlanguage).TheWeatherFreeappinformsyou(inEnglish)oftheclimateinvariouslocations.Itfeaturesthelocalweather,andotherkeyfactorsthatwillinformyourdecisionaboutwhattowearbeforesteppingoutside.GobyYourEventGuruWhenyou'reinaforeigncity,yousometimeslookaroundandask:Whereareallthepeople?Gobyhastheanswer.Thisapppinpointstheneighborhoodhotspots(includingmuseums,hotels,eateries,andmore)inyourneighborhood.Butitstruevaluecomesinfindingnearbyevents.You'lldiscoverconcerts,plays,andmorerightaroundthecorner.1.WhatistheadvantageofusingtravelappspickedbytheU.S.NewsTravel?A.Theycansolveanyproblemyoucomeacross.B.Theyreduceyourtravelbudget.C.Theyexerciseyourfingertips.D.Theyarereliableandfreeofcharge.2.Withthehelpofthetravelappsusedtogether,travelerscandothefollowingthingsEXCEPT__________.A.rentacarB.decidewhattowearC.lookforafriendwhiletravelingD.findthenearbymuseums3.Wherearethereaderslikelytoreadthepassageabove?A.InageographytextbookB.InascienceandtechnologymagazineC.OnapopularwebsiteD.Inabusinessreport【答案】1.D2.C3.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇應用文。本文介紹了三種手機應用，這些應用可以幫助你在旅游時的租車，住宿，天氣，已經(jīng)尋找旅游景點等問題?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段最后二句“U.S.NewsTravelhaspickedtheessentialtravelapps,knownfortheirutilityandreliability.Bestofall,theycostabsolutelynothing.”美國新聞旅游》(U.S.NewsTravel)挑選了以實用性和可靠性著稱的必備旅游應用。最妙的是，它們完全不需要任何成本?？芍@些應用都是既可靠又免費的，故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“forwardtheemailconfirmationsofyourflight,rentalcar;”第三段“informyourdecisionaboutwhattowear”和第四段“pinpointstheneighborhoodhotspots(includingmuseums”可知A、B、D包括在內(nèi)，故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。本文介紹了三種手機應用，這些應用可以幫助你在旅游時的租車，住宿，天氣，已經(jīng)尋找旅游景點等問題。由此判斷出，讀者可能會在一個熱門網(wǎng)站上讀到上面的文章。故選C。BBottledwaterhasbecomethechoiceforpeoplewhoarehealthyandthirsty.Bottledwaterisallovertheworld.Butsomesaytheplanet’shealth,andpeople’shealthmaybesufferingfromit.Theideathatbottledwaterissaferforhumansmaynotbetrue.TheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncilofAmericasaid,“Thereisnopromisethatbecausewatercomesoutofabottle,itiscleanerorsaferthanwaterfromthetap.”AnotherNewYorkCity-basedactiongroupaddedthatsomebottledwateris“reallyjusttapwaterinabottle—sometimesmoreclean,sometimesnot.”Itisnotproventhatbottledwaterisbetterthantapwater.NickReevesfromtheCharteredInstitutionofWaterandEnvironmentalManagementsaid,“Thehighmineralcontent(含量)ofsomebottledwatermakesthemnotgoodforfeedingbabiesandyoungchildren.”Also,mostbottledwaterdoesn’thavefluoride(氟化物),whichcanmaketeethstronger.Kidsaredrinkingmorebottledwaterandlessfluoridatedtapwater,andsomesaythat’sbehindtherecentriseinbadteeth.Storingisanotherproblem.Placednearheat,theplasticbottlescanproducebadchemicals(化學物質(zhì))intothewater.AccordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,some2.7milliontonsofplasticareusedworldwidetobottlewatereachyear.Theplasticcantakebetween400and1,000yearstobreakdown.Intermsofenergyuse,plasticbottlesarealsonotcheap.Onereportsaidthatifwaterandsoftdrinkbottlershadused10percentrecycledmaterialsintheirplasticbottles,theywouldhavesavedabout72milliongallonsofgas.So,ifyouareworriedabouttheeffectofbottledwaterontheEarth,youcantakethefollowingsteps.●Drinkfromyourtap.Unlessyourgovernmentwarnsagainstthis,itshouldbefine.●Getacontainer(容器).Carryyourtapwaterinasteeloralineddrinkingcontainer,andcleanitbetweenuses.●Keepitcool.Don’tdrinkfromabottlethathasbeensittinginthesun,don’tstoreitnearchemicals,anddon’treuseplasticbottles.●Chooseglasscontainersoverplasticifpossible.Whenfinished,recycle!4.Whatisthemainideaofthearticle?A.Drinkingtapwateristheonlychoiceforpeople.B.Glasscontainersarebetterthanplasticbottles.C.Plasticbottlesareharmfultotheenvironment.D.Bottledwatermaynotbeasgoodaswethink.5.Whatcanwelearnaboutplasticbottlesfromthearticle?A.Theybreakdowninlessthan300years. B.Theycanbeusedformanyotherthings.C.Theyarearisktotheenvironment. D.Theyarecheaptomake.6.Accordingtothearticle,wecanknowthatbottledwateris__________.A.noproblemfortheenvironment B.moreexpensivethantapwaterC.alwayssaferthantapwater D.betterforbabies7.WhichofthefollowingabouttapwaterisNOTmentionedinthearticle?A.Therearealotofproblemsstoringtapwater.B.Bottledwatercanbejusttapwaterinabottle.C.Itmaybebetterforyourteeth.D.Itmaycontainfluoride.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了瓶裝水在給我們來了方便的同時，也給我們健康和地球的環(huán)境帶來了許多的問題。并提出了一些保護環(huán)境的解決方法?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Butsomesaytheplanet’shealth,andpeople’shealthmaybesufferingfromit.Theideathatbottledwaterissaferforhumansmaynotbetrue.Itisnotproventhatbottledwaterisbetterthantapwater.可知，但也有人說，地球的健康，以及人們的健康可能因瓶裝水而受到影響。瓶裝水對人類更安全的觀點可能不是真的。沒有證據(jù)證明瓶裝水比自來水好。所以文章主要講述瓶裝水所給地球帶來的各種環(huán)境上的問題，瓶裝水并非我們所想象得那么的好。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段AccordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,some2.7milliontonsofplasticareusedworldwidetobottlewatereachyear.Theplasticcantakebetween400and1,000yearstobreakdown.可知，根據(jù)美國環(huán)境保護署(EnvironmentalProtectionAgency)數(shù)據(jù)，全球每年約有270萬噸塑料用于瓶裝水。塑料需要400到1000年的時間才能分解。所以塑料瓶對環(huán)境有害。故選C。【6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段中Intermsofenergyuse,plasticbottlesarealsonotcheap.可知瓶裝水不便宜。所以根據(jù)這篇文章，我們可以知道瓶裝水比自來水貴。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Storingisanotherproblem.Placednearheat,theplasticbottlescanproducebadchemicals(化學物質(zhì))intothewater.可知，瓶裝水存儲是另一個問題。把這些塑料瓶放在靠近熱源的地方，會產(chǎn)生有害的化學物質(zhì)進入水中。由此可知，短文說的是瓶裝水存儲是另一個問題，而沒有提及自來水的儲存問題。故選A。CMostadultsfirmlybelievethataskidsreachtheirteens,theystarttotakecrazyrisksthatgetthemintrouble.Doteenagerssimplylovetakingallrisksmuchmorethanadults?Arecentstudysuggestsotherwise.Scientistsdesignedasimpleexperimentinvolving33teenagersandthreeotheragegroups.Intheexperiment,theresearcherstriedtodistinguishbetweentwoverydifferentkindsofrisk-taking.Thefirsttheycalledawillingnesstotakeknownrisks(whentheprobabilityofwinningisclear)andthesecondtheycalledawillingnesstotakeunknownrisks(whenthepossibilityofsuccessisuncertain).Thestudyofferedparticipantstheopportunitytoplaytwokindsofgames.Theyhadthechancetowinmoney,withonegameofferingaknownriskandtheotherofferinganunknownrisk.Oneachroundofthegame,eachparticipanthadtochoosebetweentakingasure$5andknownorunknownrisksofchoices.Intheknownriskcondition,peoplealwaysknewtheexactchanceofwinningmoremoney,fromaslowas13%toashighas75%.Intheunknownriskcondition,researchersdidnotrevealtheexactchancesofwinning.Whatthescientistsfoundwasreallyquitesurprising.Itturnedoutthattheaverageteenagerwasveryhesitantwhenriskswereknown—morecarefulthancollegestudentsorparents-agedadults,andaboutascarefulasgrandparent-agedadults.Thismeansthatwhentheriskswereknown,teenagerswerenotriskyintheirbehavioratall.Onlywhentheriskswereuncleardidteenagerschoosethemmoreoftenthanothergroups.Underthosekindsofconditions,theyweremuchmorewillingtotakeariskthananyothergroup.Theresearch,publishedinProceedingoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,suggeststhatadultsshouldprobablyfocusmoreenergyontryingtoeducateteenagersaboutrisksthanlimitingthem.Teenagerswhounderstandtherisksassociatedwithadecisionaremorelikelytobecarefulintheirbehavior.8.Thetwokindsofgamesdifferedinwhether________.A.theriskswerewillingtaken B.thechancesofwinningwereclearC.theparticipantscouldbecareful D.thechoicestheycanmakeareenough9.Whenfacingknownrisks,teenagerstendedtobe________.A.ambitious B.anxious C.curious D.cautious10.Whichgroupinthestudyweremorelikelytotakeunknownrisks?A.Collegestudents B.Teenageparticipant C.Parent-agedstudents D.Grandparent-agedadults11.Accordingtothestudy,parentsshould________.A.setagelimitsondangerousactivities B.encouragechildrentobeconservativeC.helpteensknowmoreaboutrisks D.allowteenstomaketheirowndecisions【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講了科學家們做了一個實驗，比較了在已知風險和未知風險下各個年齡組的反應和選擇。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)當面對已知的風險時，青少年傾向于謹慎，同時在面對未知風險時，青少年也更有可能冒險。這項研究表明，父母應該集中精力引導青少年更多地了解風險的影響?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Intheexperiment,theresearcherstriedtodistinguishbetweentwoverydifferentkindsofrisk-taking.Thefirsttheycalledawillingnesstotakeknownrisks(whentheprobabilityofwinningisclear)andthesecondtheycalledawillingnesstotakeunknownrisks(whenthepossibilityofsuccessisuncertain).（在實驗中，研究人員試圖區(qū)分兩種截然不同的冒險行為。第一種稱為愿意承擔已知風險（當獲勝的可能性很明顯時），第二種稱為愿意承擔未知風險（當成功的可能性不確定時））”可知，兩組實驗的區(qū)別是獲勝是否明顯。故選B。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Itturnedoutthattheaverageteenagerwasveryhesitantwhenriskswereknown—morecarefulthancollegestudentsorparents-agedadults,andaboutascarefulasgrandparent-agedadults.（結(jié)果表明，一般的青少年在知道風險時非常猶豫——比大學生或父母年齡的成年人更謹慎，和祖父母年齡的成年人一樣謹慎）”可知，當面對已知的風險時，青少年傾向于謹慎。故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Onlywhentheriskswereuncleardidteenagerschoosethemmoreoftenthanothergroups.Underthosekindsofconditions,theyweremuchmorewillingtotakeariskthananyothergroup.(只有在風險不清楚的情況下，青少年才會比其他群體更頻繁地選擇它們。在這些條件下，他們比其他任何一組都更愿意冒險)”可知，研究中的青少年組更有可能冒未知的風險。故選B?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theresearch,publishedinProceedingoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,suggeststhatadultsshouldprobablyfocusmoreenergyontryingtoeducateteenagersaboutrisksthanlimitingthem.Teenagerswhounderstandtherisksassociatedwithadecisionaremorelikelytobecarefulintheirbehavior.(這項發(fā)表在《美國國家科學院院刊》上的研究表明，成年人可能應該把更多的精力放在教育青少年認識風險上，而不是限制風險。了解與決策相關(guān)的風險的青少年在行為上更可能謹慎。)”可知，根據(jù)這項研究，父母應該集中精力引導青少年更多地了解風險的影響。故選C。DAsthecoronavirus(冠狀病毒)outbreakcontinues,manyAmericansarefearfulofusingpublictransportation.Theyarealsolookingforwaystogetexercisewithoutgoingtoagym.So,itmaynotbesurprisingthatthepandemic(疫情)hasledtoamajorincreaseinbicyclesales.IntheUS,bicyclesatbigstoreshavesoldout.Andsmallbicyclestorescannotkeepupwithdemandfor“family-style”bicycles:thelow-cost,easy-to-ridemodels.“Thebicycleindustryisseeingitsbiggestsalesincreasesincetheoilcrisisofthe1970s,”saidJayTownley,anindustryexpert.Hecomparedthesaleofbicyclestotherushtobuyproductsliketoiletpaperatthestartofthepandemic.TheriseinbicyclesalesisnothappeningjustintheUS.Italyhascreatedbicyclepathsforthegrowingnumberofpeoplewhowanttoavoidpublictransportation.InLondon,cityofficialsplantobancarsfromsomecentralroads.BikeshopownersinManilasaydemandisevenstrongerthanwhattheyseeatChristmastime.Ofcourse,youcanonlybuyabicycleifyoucanfindone.IntheUS,theshortagesnowmeanitmaytakemanymonthstogetabicycle.Highdemandisnottheonlyreasonfortheshortage.ManybicyclefactorieswereshutdowntostopthespreadofCOVID-19.TheincreaseinbicycledemandbeganinMarchascountriesbegantoclosedown.InApril,thesaleofbicyclesincreased200percentintheUS.JoeMinutoloistheco-ownerofBarHarborBicycleShopinMaine.Hesaidhehopedtheincreasedsalesmeantachangeinthewaypeoplethinkabouttransportation.“Peoplearehavingachancetorethinkthings,”hesaid,“Maybewe’llalllearnsomethingoutofthis,andsomethingreallygoodwillhappen.”12.Whatcausestheincreaseinbicyclesales?A.Shortageofpublictransportation.B.Outbreakofthecoronavirus.C.People’sdesiretodefeatdisease.D.People’sfearofnaturaldisasters.13.WhatchangehasthepandemiccausedinItaly?A.MorebikesaresoldthanatChristmastime.B.“Family-style”bicyclesareingreatneed.C.Carsarebannedfromsomecentralroads.D.Newbicyclepathshavebeenbuilt.14.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph4?A.It’simpossibletobuyabike.B.BikefactorieswereclosedinApril.C.HighdemandforbikesbeganinMarch.D.Ittakesmanymonthstoproduceabike.15.WhatisJoeMinutolo’sattitudetowardstheincreasedsalesofbicycles?A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Uncertain. D.Critical.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了疫情下全球自行車市場繁榮從而導致了自行車的供應出現(xiàn)了短缺的情況?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“So,itmaynotbesurprisingthatthepandemic(疫情)hasledtoamajorincreaseinbicyclesales.”可知，疫情大流行導致自行車銷量大幅度增長并不奇怪。即冠狀病毒爆發(fā)導致了自行車銷量的增加。故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Italyhascreatedbicyclepathsforthegrowingnumberofpeoplewhowanttoavoidpublictransportation.”可知，意大利為越來越多希望避免使用公共交通工具的人們建造了自行車道。即疫情大流行使意大利政府為民眾新建了自行車道。故選D?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“TheincreaseinbicycledemandbeganinMarchascountriesbegantoclosedown.”可知，隨著國家開始實施封閉措施，民眾對于自行車需求的增長開始于三月份。即民眾對自行車的大量需求始于三月份。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Hesaidhehopedtheincreasedsalesmeantachangeinthewaypeoplethinkabouttransportation.“Peoplearehavingachancetorethinkthings,”hesaid,“Maybewe’llalllearnsomethingoutofthis,andsomethingreallygoodwillhappen.””可知，JoeMinutolo說，他希望自行車銷量的增加意味著人們對出行方式的看法發(fā)生了變化。他說：“人們有機會重新思考一些事情，也許我們都會從中學到一些東西，并且某些真正好的事情將會發(fā)生。由此可知，JoeMinutolo對自行車銷量增加持肯定的態(tài)度。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Lifecanbechallengingforteens.Theymustdealwithschoolwork,familylifeandfriendsatthesametimetofit.Feelingofsadness,frustrationandirritabilityarecommon._____16_____Theirnegativefeelingsdon'tcomeandgo.Instead,thoseintensefeelingscanpointtoadiseasecalleddepression—onethatmayrequiretreatment.It'seasytothinkthatdepressedpeoplesimplyfeelsadorhopeless.Formanyteensthatmaybetrue._____17_____Somekidswithdrawfromfriendsandfamily.Othersrespondwithangryoutbursts.Someteensmayskipschoolorstopeatingorsleeping.Teachers,parentsorevenateen'sclosefriendsmayfindithardtotellwhetherthesebehaviorsarejustpartofbeingateensorsignsofsomethingtrulyserious.Evendepressedteensmaynotrealizetheyhavethisproblem._____18_____MorethanthreemillionAmericansbetweentheagesof12and17experienceddepressionin2019.However,astudybyresearchersatHarvardandYaleuniversitiesfoundthathalfofallteenswithdepressiondon'tgethelpuntiltheybecomeadults.Andonlyoneinthreewillhavebeendiagnosedbytheirdoctor._____19_____"Icanonlyworkwithwhatyougiveme,"Deesays,themental-healthprofessionalinLincolnDeesays,peersshouldalsoseekforsignsofdepression.Keepaneyeonyourfriends,sherecommends.Watchforsymptomsofisolation(孤立)orhopelessness._____20_____Anyofthesebehaviorscouldbeasymptomofdepression.Overall,knowingwho—andhow—tohelpisessentialforsuccessfullytreatingdepressioninteens.A.Andtheshareofthoseaffectedishigh.B.Somemaystartabusingalcoholordrugs.C.Teensshouldbehonestwiththeiranswers.D.Theproblemisthatdepressioninteenscanbehardtospot.E.Thereisalinkbetweenmentalillnessandsuicideinteens.F.Butforsometeens,thoseemotionstakeamoreextremeturn.G.Evenskippingclassescanbeasignthatsomethingseriousisgoingon.【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.C20.G【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章中介紹了青少年患抑郁癥的現(xiàn)象。青少年患抑郁癥的情況越來越嚴重。但是，問題在于發(fā)現(xiàn)抑郁癥很難，甚至連青少年本人都沒有意識到自己的問題。專家提出，家長、老師和青少年本人都要關(guān)注青少年抑郁的問題?！?6題詳解】上文“Lifecanbechallengingforteens.Theymustdealwithschoolwork,familylifeandfriendsatthesametimetofit.Feelingsofsadness,frustrationandirritabilityarecommon.”（對于青少年來說，生活是充滿挑戰(zhàn)的。他們必須同時兼顧學業(yè)、家庭生活和朋友。悲傷、沮喪和易怒的情緒是很常見的。）以及下文“Theirnegativefeelingsdon'tcomeandgo.Instead,thoseintensefeelingscanpointtoadiseasecalleddepression—onethatmayrequiretreatment”（他們的消極情緒不會來來去去。相反，這些強烈的感覺可能導致一種叫做抑郁癥的疾病，可能需要治療。）根據(jù)空前和空后內(nèi)容可知，該空和上文應是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。后文中提到的抑郁癥是消極情緒極端化的體現(xiàn)。F選項：但對一些青少年來說，這些情緒發(fā)生了更極端的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選F。【17題詳解】上文“It'seasytothinkthatdepressedpeoplesimplyfeelsadorhopeless.Formanyteensthatmaybetrue”（人們很容易認為抑郁的人只是感到悲傷或絕望。對很多青少年來說，這可能是真的。）下文“Teachers,parentsorevenateen'sclosefriendsmayfindithardtotellwhetherthesebehaviorsarejustpartofbeingateensorsignsofsomethingtrulyserious”（老師、家長甚至是青少年的密友可能很難判斷這些行為是青少年的一部分，還是一些真正嚴重的跡象。）由此推知，抑郁很難發(fā)現(xiàn)。D選項hardtospot切題。故選D?！?8題詳解】下文“MorethanthreemillionAmericansbetweentheagesof12and17experienceddepressionin2019”（2019年，超過300萬12歲至17歲的美國人經(jīng)歷過抑郁癥。）該空引出下文，A選項“受影響的比例很高”符合語境。故選A。【19題詳解】根據(jù)下文精神健康專家Dee說的話“Icanonlyworkwithwhatyougiveme”（我只會根據(jù)患者告訴我的情況開展工作。）C選項“青少年應該對自己的問題做出誠實的回答”符合語境。故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空后的“thesebehaviorscouldbeasymptomofdepression(這些行為可能是抑郁癥的癥狀)”可知，該空應該指出抑郁癥的一些行為。G選項“Evenskippingclassescanbeasignthatsomethingseriousisgoingon(甚至逃課也可能是有嚴重問題發(fā)生的信號)。該選項中的even是對前文“symptomsofisolation(孤立)orhopelessness”的遞進。故選G。第三部分:完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.The___21___isobvious.Ifwe___22___itisadoor,they’llwanttogooutside___23___.Itwilldriveuscrazy.Thekidsapparentlyknowthe___24___.Butourinsistingit’s___25___awindowhaskeptthemfrom___26___millionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.Ihatelyingtothekids.Onedaythey’ll___27___anddiscoverthateverythingthey’vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa___28___.Iwonderif___29___shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe______30______.Ihaveaverystrong______31______thattheliewe’retellingisdoing______32______damagetoourchildren.Windowsanddoorshave______33______metaphorical(比喻)meanings.I’mtellingthemtheycan’topenwhattheyabsolutelyknowisadoor.Whatiflaterin______34______theycometoametaphoricaldoor,likeanopportunity(機會)ofsomesort,and______35______openingthedoorandtakingtheopportunity,theyjust______36______itandwonder,＂Whatifitisn’tadoor?＂Thatis,＂Whatifitisn’ta______37______opportunity?＂Maybeit’sanunreasonablefear.Butthe______38______isthatIshouldn’tlietomykids.Ishouldjust______39______repeatedlyhavingtosay,＂No.Wecan’tgooutsidenow.＂Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife,whethertheyarerealormetopherical,theywon’t______40______toopenthemandwalkthrough.21.A.relief B.target C.reason D.case22.A.admit B.believe C.mean D.realize23.A.gradually B.constantly C.temporarily D.casually24.A.result B.danger C.method D.truth25.A.merely B.slightly C.hardly D.partly26.A.reviewing B.approving C.receiving D.attempting27.A.winout B.giveup C.wakeup D.standout28.A.dream B.lie C.fantasy D.fact29.A.parents B.twins C.colleagues D.teachers30.A.restrictions B.explanations C.differences D.consequences31.A.demand B.fear C.desire D.doubt32.A.physical B.biological C.spiritual D.behavioral33.A.traditional B.important C.double D.original34.A.life B.time C.reply D.history35.A.bycomparisonwith B.inadditionto C.regardlessof D.insteadof36.A.getholdof B.stareat C.knockon D.makeuseof37.A.real B.typical C.similar D.limited38.A.safetyrule B.comfortzone C.bottomline D.topsecret39.A.delay B.regret C.enjoy D.accept40.A.hurry B.decide C.hesitate D.intend【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.D27.C28.B29.A30.D31.B32.C33.B34.A35.D36.B37.A38.C39.D40.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。作者以現(xiàn)實中的門，引申出生活中的“門”，從而探討了一種教育理念。作者認為家長們不要害怕告訴孩子們真相，這樣，孩子們才可以在生活的道路上，不再被各種“進退兩難”所困擾，從而抓住機遇，勇往直前?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：原因是明顯的。A.relief安慰；B.target目標；C.reason原因；D.case情況。根據(jù)下文Ifwe42itisadoor,they'llwanttogooutside_43.可知這里作者在解釋把門說成窗戶的原因。所以這里意思是“原因是明顯的”。故選C。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們承認它是一扇門，他們就會不斷地想出去。A.admit承認；B.believe相信；C.mean意味著；D.realize意識到。下文they'llwanttogooutside_43.說他們就會經(jīng)常想出去，那必然是作者承認了它是一扇門。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們承認它是一扇門，他們就會不斷地想出去。A.gradually逐步地；B.constantly不斷地；Ctemporarily臨時地；Dcasually隨便地。根據(jù)下文Ishouldjust_59repeatedlyhavingtosay,"No.Wecan'tgooutsidenow."可推測出，孩子們會不斷地想出去。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：孩子們顯然知道這個真相。A.result結(jié)果；B.danger危險；C.method方法；D.truth真相。下文Butourinsistingit’s45awindowhaskeptthemfrom46millionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.說阻止了他們無數(shù)次要求打開這扇門的嘗試，和下文的Ihatelyingtothekids.可知孩子們是知道真相的。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，我們堅持說它只不過是一扇窗戶，阻止了他們無數(shù)次要求打開這扇門的嘗試。A.merely只不過；B.slightly輕微地；C.hardly幾乎不；D.partly部分地。我在搪塞孩子們，所以輕描淡寫地說，它不過是一扇窗戶而已。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，我們堅持說它只是一扇窗戶，阻止了他們無數(shù)次要求打開這扇門的嘗試。A.reviewing回顧；B.approving贊成；C.receiving收到；D.attempting嘗試。根據(jù)millionsofrequeststoopenthedoor可知孩子們是想嘗試打開門。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：有一天，他們會開始了解真相，并且發(fā)現(xiàn)，一直以來，他們所知道的關(guān)于窗戶的一切，是一個謊言。A.winout最后獲得成功；B.giveup放棄；C.wakeup開始了解真相；D.standout站出來。根據(jù)anddiscoverthateverythingthey'vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa48.可知有一天，孩子們會開始了解真相。故選C。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，他們會開始了解真相，并且發(fā)現(xiàn)，一直以來，他們所知道的關(guān)于窗戶的一切，是一個謊言。A.dream夢想；B.lie謊言；C.fantasy幻想；D.fact事實。根據(jù)Ihatelyingtothekids.以及結(jié)合前文作者把門說成窗戶，可知這里意思是他們所知道的關(guān)于窗戶的一切，是一個謊言。故選B。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否應該說出真相，無論結(jié)果如何。A.parents父母；B.twins雙胞胎；C.colleagues同事；D.teachers老師。根據(jù)下文toourchildren，可知這里意思是作者想知道父母是否應該說出真相。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否應該說出真相，無論結(jié)果如何。A.restrictions限制；B.explanations解釋；C.differences差異；D.consequences結(jié)果。根據(jù)they'llwanttogooutside_43.可知一旦我說出真相，孩子們就總想著打開門出去，這是一種說出真相的“后果”。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我有一種強烈的害怕，害怕我們正在說的謊言會對孩子們造成心靈上的傷害。A.demand要求；B.fear害怕；C.desire欲望；D.doubt懷疑。根據(jù)thattheliewe'retellingisdoing52damagetoourchildren.和Maybeit'sanunreasonablefear.可知這是讓我強烈害怕的事情。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我有一種強烈的害怕，害怕我們正在說的謊言會對孩子們造成心靈上的傷害。A.physical身體的；Bbiological生物的；C.spiritual心靈的；D.behavioral行為的。下文說家長們的撒謊行為會讓孩子們面對機會時，猶豫不前。由此可知，這是對孩子們心靈上造成了傷害。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：窗戶和門有重要的比喻意義。A.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；B.important重要的；C.double雙重的；D.original原來的。下文說假如他們將來在生活中遇到比喻的門，將會怎么樣，就像某種機會，他們不是打開門，抓住機會，而是凝視著它，想知道“假如它不是一扇門，將會怎么樣”。由此可知，窗戶和門的比喻意義是非常重要的。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：假如他們將來在生活中遇到比喻的門，將會怎么樣，就像某種機會，他們不是打開門，抓住機會，而是凝視著它，想知道“假如它不是一扇門，將會怎么樣”。A.life生活；B.time時間；C.reply回答；D.history歷史。根據(jù)Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife可知這里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的門。故選A。【35題詳解】考查短語辨析。句意：假如他們將來在生活中遇到比喻的門，將會怎么樣，就像某種機會，他們不是打開門，抓住機會，而是凝視著它，想知道“假如它不是一扇門，將會怎么樣”。A.bycomparisonwith與……相比；B.inadditionto除……之外；C.regardlessof不管；D.insteadof而不是。對孩子們?nèi)鲋e，今后，孩子們面對生活中的“門”時，會觀望，而不是打開“門”。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：假如他們將來在生活中遇到比喻的門，將會怎么樣，就像某種機會，他們不是打開門，抓住機會，而是凝視著它，想知道“假如它不是一扇門，將會怎么樣”。A.getholdof抓??；B.stareat凝視；C.knockon敲擊（門、窗）；D.makeuseof利用。孩子們遇到機會，不是馬上抓住它，而是在考慮很多問題。由此可知，孩子們在凝視著“機會”。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：也就是說，假如它不是一個真的機會，將會怎么樣？A.real真的；B.typical典型的；C.similar相似的；D.limited有限的。孩子們面對機會，猶豫不前，是在質(zhì)疑機會的真實性。故選A?！?