《國際商務(wù)文化（英文）》課件-2.2Russian international business culture and etiquette

RussianinternationalbusinesscultureandetiquettePresenter:WangXiaojingDate:2024-08-01RussiasinternationaltradesituationOverviewoftheRussiane-commercemarketRussiancultureandetiquetteRussiasinternationaltradesituation01RussiasinternationaltradesituationTheRussianFederation,alsoknownasRussia,borderstheArcticOceantothenorth,thePacificOceantotheeast,theAtlanticOceantothewestandtheBalticSeatothenorthwest,spanningEuropeandAsia,locatedineasternEuropeandnorthernAsia.ThecapitalofRussiaisMoscow,andtheofficialcurrencyistheruble.Russiaisthelargestcountryintermsoflandareaintheworld,aswellasoneoftheworldslargestenergyexporters.Itenjoysthereputationof"energysuperpower"and"worldnaturalgascapital".Itsindustryandscientificresearchanddevelopmentarestrong,makingitarealworldpower.BasicsituationinRussiaRussiasinternationaltradesituationRussiantradeingoodsAccordingtoWTOstatistics,in2023,Russiastotalexportofgoodswas$423.9billion,ranking18thintheworld;itstotalimportofgoodswas$303.8billion,ranking23rdintheworld.Figure:Russianimportsandexportsofgoodsfrom2019to2023Datasource:/dashboard/merchandise_en.htmlRussiasinternationaltradesituationimportcargoesThestructureofimportedgoodsmainlyincludes:manufacturedgoods(77%),agriculturalproducts(11.4%),energyandmineralproducts(3.6%)andotherproducts(8%)exportcommoditiesTheexportcommoditystructuremainlyincludesenergyandmineralproducts(50.4%),manufacturedgoods(22.1%),agriculturalproducts(8.9%)andotherproducts(18.7%),amongwhichoilenergyexporthasbecomethemainpillarofeconomicdevelopmentinrecentyears.RussiasinternationaltradesituationRussiantradeinservicesInrecentyears,underthetrendofrapiddevelopmentinglobalservicetrade,Russiasservicetradehasalsoseenunprecedenteddevelopment,expandinginscale,increasingintotalvolume,andoptimizingitsstructure.AccordingtoWTOstatisticaldata,Russiasfederalservicetradeexporttotalreached48.3billionUSdollarsin2022,accountingfor0.69%oftheworldstotalservicetradeexports,whileitsservicetradeimporttotalwas69.7billionUSdollars,accountingfor1.07%oftheworldstotalservicetradeimports.Figure:ImportsandexportsofRussiantradeinservicesfrom2018to2022Datasource:/dashboard/services_en.htmlRussiasinternationaltradesituationimportcargoesThemaincommoditystructureofservicetradeimportsisasfollows:transportationservices(20.3%),tourismservices(29.1%),otherbusinessservices(47.4%)andcommodity-relatedservices(3.2%)exportcommoditiesThemaincommoditystructureofservicetradeexportsisasfollows:transportationservices(32.1%),tourismservices(11.5%),othercommercialservices(51.8%)andcommodity-relatedservices(4.6%)RussiasinternationaltradesituationChina-RussiaimportandexporttradeThehistoryofSino-Russianexchangesislong-standing,withbothcountriesbeing"goodneighbors,""goodfriends,"and"goodpartners."TheeconomicandtradehistorybetweenChinaandRussiacanbetracedbacktoaround1240AD,andtodaythetwocountrieshavebecomecloseeconomicandtradepartners.AccordingtostatisticsfromChinesecustoms,ChinahasbeenRussiaslargesttradingpartnerforfourconsecutiveyears.ChinasmainexportstoRussiaincludefood,machineryandelectricalproducts,textiles,timber,anditsproducts.ChinamainlyimportsrawmaterialsandmineralproductsfromRussia.Meanwhile,thedevelopmentofservicetradebetweenChinaandRussiaisrapid,encompassingareassuchasengineeringcontractingandconstruction,tourism,andlaborcooperation,withabroadfutureprospect.Russiasmaintradingexportcountries:China,theNetherlands,Germany;Russiasmaintradingimportcountries:China,Germany,theUnitedStates.BilateraltradebetweenRussiaandChina:In2023,thebilateraltradevolumeofgoodsbetweenRussiaandChinawas$240.1billion.MineralsarethemainproductsexportedfromRussiatoChina.ThemaincommoditiesimportedbyRussiafromChinaaremachineryandelectricalproducts.OverviewoftheRussiane-commercemarket02OverviewoftheRussiane-commercemarketmarketprofileMajore-commerceplatformsRussiaisthecountrywiththemostinternetusersinEurope,boastingover100millioninternetusers,andin2023,thenumberofe-commerceonlineshoppingusersinRussiawasapproximately68.84million,withanonlineshoppinguserpenetrationrateof47.7%.Itisprojectedthatfrom2023to2027,thenumberofusersintheRussiane-commercemarketwillcontinuetoincreaseby6.6million,reachinganewpeakin2027.Atpresent,themaine-commerceplatformsinRussiaare:Ozon,Wildberries,YandexMarket,Joom,MegaMarket,DNS-Shop,AliExpressRussiaandsoon.OverviewoftheRussiane-commercemarket(1)OzonURL:https://www.ozon.ruFoundedin1998,Ozonisknownas"RussiasAmazon"andisthefirstonlineretailplatforminRussia.Popularproducts:clothingandshoes,electronicsandhouseholdappliances,buildingmaterials,childrensproducts,printedgoods,goodsforapartmentsandvillas,traintickets,airtickets,householdchemicals,petsupplies,leisuregoods.Majorcross-borderplatformsOverviewoftheRussiane-commercemarket(2)WildberriesURL:https://www.wildberries.ruWildberries,knownas"WildBerry,WildFruit"inChinese,abbreviatedasWB,wasfoundedin2004andisoneofthelargestonlineretailersinRussiarenownedforitsextensiveproductrangeandhighdownloadvolumewithover470millionitems.Theplatformisgraduallytransformingintoacomprehensivee-commerceplatform.Majorcross-borderplatformsOverviewoftheRussiane-commercemarket(3)JoomURL:Joomisawell-knowne-commerceplatforminRussia,establishedinJune2016andopenedtoChinesesellersinNovemberofthesameyear,vigorouslyrecruitingmerchantsinChinaandsubsequentlyenteringaperiodofrapiddevelopment,becomingoneofthepopularplatformsforChinesecross-bordersellers,andsettinguptransferwarehousesinmultiplecitiesinthePearlRiverDeltaandYangtzeRiverDelta.Majorcross-borderplatformsOverviewoftheRussiane-commercemarket(4)AliExpressRussiaURL:Withmorethan35millionmonthlyactiveusers,Chinesesellersaccountformorethan90%.Asalocalizede-commerceplatformunderAlibaba,AliExpressRussiaoccupiesanimportantpositionintheRussiane-commercemarketwithitsrichproductcategoriesandhighlycompetitiveprices.Majorcross-borderplatformsOverviewoftheRussiane-commercemarketConsumerdistributionByage,thelargestproportionofe-commerceusersare35to44yearsold,about27%;followedby25to34yearsoldusers,about23%;and45to64yearsoldusersaccountfor37.7%.Bygender:Femaleusersaccountedforabout11percentagepointsmorethanmaleusers.Figure:AgeandgenderofusersintheRussiane-commercemarketin2023OverviewoftheRussiane-commercemarketPopularproductsonRussiane-commerceplatformsWildberriesBest-sellingproductsaremainlypersonalcareproducts.Ozonsbest-sellingproductsaremainlybeauty,health,personalandfamilycareproducts.Yandex.MarketBest-sellingproductsaremainlyelectronicproductsandclothingaccessories.Dns-shopandCitilinkbest-sellingproductsaremainlyofficesuppliesandelectronicproducts.Photo:PopularproductsonRussiane-commerceplatformsRussiancultureandetiquette03RussiancultureandetiquetteculturalcustomClothingcustoms:ThenationalcostumesofRussiahavedistinctnationalcharacteristics:brightcolors,manylayersandwide.SaravantisatraditionalRussiannationalcostume,whichfirstappearedduringtheseparationperiodofancientRusandEastSlavs,andbecamepopularinthe16thand17thcenturies.Cateringcustoms:TheRussiandietisverydiverse,withbreadasthemainfood.Potatoiscalledthe"secondbread"ofRussians.VodkaandgosseoccupyaspecialplaceintheRussianeatingcustomsandaresynonymouswiththeRussian"nationaldrink"andbeverage.Russianslovetea,withabout98percentofRussiansdrinkingtea.Photo:RussiantraditionalcostumeSaravannPhoto:Russian"nationaldrink"vodkaandkevassRussiancultureandetiquetteKissetiquette:KissetiquetteisverypopularandwidespreadinRussia.ItwasgraduallyformedaftertheintroductionofChristianitytoKievanRusinthe10thcentury.Inbusinessoccasions,handshake,hugandkissaregenerallyrequiredtoshowrespectandfriendlinessDresscode:Inbusiness,itisadvisabletowearasolemnandconservativesuit,RussiansprefergrayandblueNegotiationstyle:Russianbusinessmenusuallyhavearigidwayofthinking,stubbornandnoteasytochange.Therefore,innegotiations,youshouldkeepcalmandpeaceful,donoteasilymakeultimatums,donotrushtoachievesuccessGiftetiquette:Russiansareanationthatvaluesmutualgift-giving.Theyadvocatetheculturalconceptof"lightgift,heavysentiment",whichfocusesnotonthepriceofgifts,butonthefriendshipcontainedinthem.Theyregarditasanimportantmeasuretopromoteharmoniousdevelopmentofinterpersonalrelations.BusinessetiquetteRussiancultureandetiquettePhoto:Russianfolkcraft"tovar"Photo:RussianDemkovtoyPhoto:Barleyminiaturepainting,RussiaRussiancultureandetiquettePhoto:TulateadrinkPhoto:VodkaPhoto:HoholmpaintingRussiancultureandetiquetteCulturalcustomsinthee-commercemarketTheselectionofcommoditieshascertainuniquenessWarmclothingisamustinwinterRussiaswinterisverycold,sohats,s