2021-2022學(xué)年山東青島市高新區(qū)青島中學(xué)上高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題（解析版）（不含聽力音頻）

2021-2022學(xué)年山東青島市高新區(qū)青島中學(xué)上高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題本試卷共5頁(yè)，共5道大題，考試用時(shí)120分鐘注意事項(xiàng)：1、答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名填寫在試題卷和答題卡上。2、作答要求：客觀題需用2B鉛筆將答案填涂在答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)位置，主觀題用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。答在試題卷、草稿紙上無效。3、請(qǐng)保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，試題卷和草稿紙自行保存，請(qǐng)將答題卡上交。Ⅰ.聽力（每小題1.5分，共20小題，滿分30分）1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore.B.Inalibrary.C.Inaclassroom.2.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?A.Lendherbiketotheman.B.Goshoppingwiththeman.C.Drivethemantothetrainstation.3.Whatdoesthewomancomplainaboutherkids?A.TheywatchtoomuchTV.B.Theydon’tdotheirhomework.C.Theydon’thelpwithhousework.4.Whydoesthewoman’shairlookshorter?A.Shecutit.B.Sheworeahat.C.Shemadeitstraight.5.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Receptionistandvisitor.6.Whatisthewomanplanningtododuringhervacation?A.Goskiing.B.Haveaget-together.C.Makesomesweaters.7.Whatmakesthemannervous?A.Gettinghurtduringskiing.B.Wearinganuglysweater.C.Makingsnacksforaparty.8.Howdoesthewomanmostlikelyfeel?A.Sorry.B.Annoyed.C.Surprised.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Herfatherisinhospital.B.Shealwaysdoesthingsontime.C.Alotofthingshavehappenedtoherlately.10.Whatdidtheman’steamfailtodobefore?A.Makeadecisioninagroup.B.Discussjobresponsibilities.C.Finishtasksontime.11.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthenewboss?A.Sheseldomconsultswithcolleagues.B.Sheisinahurrytoestablishnewworkingpractices.C.Shehaslittleunderstandingoftheorganization’shistory.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Workmoreefficiently.B.Focusonhisownworkschedule.C.Takeamorepositiveattitudetohisnewboss.13.Howdidthewomanknowthejob?A.Fromafriend.B.ThroughtheInternet.C.Fromthenewspaper.14.Howlongdotheassistantsworkaday?A.7hours.B.8hours.C.9hours.15.Whendotheassistantshavetowork?A.FromMondaytoTuesday.B.FromTuesdaytoFriday.C.FromFridaytoSunday.16.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Theman’sdepartmentstoreisbig.B.Thewomanisunsatisfiedwiththejob.C.Theassistantshavetopayfortheirlunch.17.Whatisthewoman’sopinionabouttheSeaA.Decemberisthebesttimetovisitit.B.It’sunsuitablefortheold.C.It’sworthvisiting.18.WhatcanwelearnabouttheSeaA.Ticketsfortheoldarethecheapest.B.Itopensat9:30everymorning.C.It’sopenallyearround.19.Whatspecialserviceisavailableforalargegroup?A.Aguidedtour.B.Cheapertickets.C.Asouvenirforeveryone.20.Whatattractsbothchildrenandadults?A.VideoShows.B.TheGlassTunnel.C.HourlyFeedingTimes.Ⅱ.閱讀理解（每小題2.5分，共20小題，滿分50分）AGoGreenWithoutaGreenThumbIfyou’reanythinglikeme,youmanagetokillabsolutelyeveryplantthatcomesyourway.NomatterhowhardItry,Ican’tmanagetokeepflowersaliveformorethanafewdays.SoI’vemadealistofplantsthatevenIcouldn’tkillanddecidedtoshareitwitheveryonewhoalsolacksagreenthumb.1.JadeWecommonlythinkofjadeasabeautifulstone,butitalsohappenstobeaplantthatrequireshardlyanycareandwillgiveyourapartmentanairofelegance.Thereareonlytwothingsyouneedtodototakecareofthisplant:Watertheplantwhenthesoilbecomesmoderatelydry.Wipedowntheleaveseveryonceinawhiletoremovedust.2.AfricanVioletWanttoaddalittlecolortoyourapartment?Thatcanbechallengingifyoudon’thaveagreenthumb—mostfloweringplantsrequireatonofcare.Fortunately,Africanvioletsarenotoneofthoseplants.Simplywaterthemonceaweekandenjoytheirbeautifulblue,pinkandpurplehues!Justdoyourbesttoavoidgettinganywaterontheplants’leaves,asthiscancausewaterspots(污漬).3AloeAloeisalsoaplantthateventheworstgardeneramonguscanmanagetokeepalive.Stepone:Acquireplant.Steptwo:Wateritwhenthesoiliscompletelydry,abouteverytwotothreeweeks.Note:Aloecanbepoisonousforyourpet.Ifyouhavepets,makesuretoonlyplantpet-friendlyplants.4.LuckyBambooTobringsomegoodfortuneintoyourapartment,purchasesomeluckybamboo.Thishouseplantdoesbestindimlighting,sokeepitawayfromwindows.Otherthanthat,allyouneedtodoismakesuretherootsarealwayscoveredinwater(aninchortwoshoulddothetrick).1.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Jadeisonlyakindofbeautifulstone.B.Youshouldspray(噴灑)waterontheleavesofAfricanviolet.C.Aloeisapet-friendlyplant.D.Luckybamboocanbringgoodlucktoyou.2.Whichofthefollowingplantsneedswateringfrequently?A.Jade. B.Africanviolet.C.Luckybamboo. D.Aloe.3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tointroduceseveralplantsthatrequirelittlespecialcare.B.Tosharewithreaderstheauthor’sopinionongrowingplants.C.Toattractreaderstobuysomeoftheirproductsonthelist.D.Tocallonreaderstoprotecttheenvironmentindailylife.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了四種不需要特別照顧的植物?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Tobringsomegoodfortuneintoyourapartment,purchasesomeluckybamboo.可知為了給你的公寓帶來好運(yùn)，就買些幸運(yùn)竹吧。所以幸運(yùn)竹可以給你帶來好運(yùn)。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Jade部分Watertheplantwhenthesoilbecomesmoderatelydry.可知，土壤適度干燥時(shí)給植物澆水，所以Jade不需要經(jīng)常澆水；根據(jù)AfricanViolet部分Simplywaterthemonceaweek.可知，只需每周給它們澆水一次，所以AfricanViolet需要每周澆水一次；根據(jù)Aloe部分Wateritwhenthesoiliscompletelydry,abouteverytwotothreeweeks.可知，土壤完全干燥時(shí)澆水，大約每?jī)傻饺軡菜淮?，所以Aloe是兩到三周澆一次水；根據(jù)luckybamboo部分Otherthanthat,allyouneedtodoismakesuretherootsarealwayscoveredinwater(aninchortwoshoulddothetrick).可知，除此之外，你所要做的就是確保根部總是被水覆蓋（一到兩英寸就可以了），所以幸運(yùn)竹需要經(jīng)常澆水。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Ifyou'reanythinglikeme,youmanagetokillabsolutelyeveryplantthatcomesyourway.NomatterhowhardItry,Ican'tmanagetokeepflowersaliveformorethanafewdays.SoI'vemadealistofplantsthatevenIcouldn'tkillanddecidedtoshareitwitheveryonewhoalsolacksagreenthumb.可知，如果你和我一樣，你會(huì)殺死你養(yǎng)的每一種植物。無論我多么努力，我都無法讓花存活幾天以上。所以我列出了一份即使是我也殺不死的植物清單，并決定把清單分享給那些同樣缺乏綠色拇指的人。所以文章是為了介紹一些不需要特別照顧的植物。故選A。BAsayoungster,therewasnothingIlikedbetterthanSundayafternoonsatmygrandfather’sfarminwesternPennsylvania.Surroundedbymilesofwindingstonewalls,thehouseandfieldprovidedendlesshoursoffunforacitykidlikeme.Iwasusedtotidylivingroomsthatseemedtowhisper,“Nottobetouched!”IcanstillrememberoneafternoonwhenIwaseightyearsold.Sincemyfirstvisittothefarm,Ihadwantedmorethananythingtobeallowedtoclimbthestonewallssurroundingthehouses.Myparentswouldneverapprove.Thewallswereold;somestonesweremissing,otherslooseandfalling.Still,myideatoclimbacrossthosewallsgrewsostrongthatfinally,onespringafternoon,Ihadallmycouragetoenterthelivingroom,wheretheadultshadgatheredafterSundaydinner.“I,uh—Iwanttoclimbthestonewalls,”Isaid.Everyonelookedup.“CanIclimbthestonewalls?”Immediatelyvoicesofdisagreementwentupfromthewomenintheroom.“Heavens,no!”You’llhurtyourself!”Iwasn’ttoodisappointed;theresponsewasjustasI’dexpected.ButbeforeIcouldleavetheroom,Iwasstoppedbymygrandfather’sloudvoice.“Nowholdonjustaminute,”Iheardhimsay.“Lettheboyclimbthestonewalls.Hehastolearntodothingsforhimself.”“Go,”hesaidtome,“andcomeandseemewhenyougetback.”ForthenexttwoandahalfhoursIclimbedthoseoldwalls-andhadthetimeofmylife.LaterImetwithmygrandfathertotellhimaboutmyadventures.I’llneverforgetwhathesaid.“Fred,”hesaid,smiling,“Youmadethisdayaspecialdayjustbybeingyourself.Alwaysremember,there’sonlyonepersoninthiswholeworldlikeyou,andIlikeyouexactlyasyouare.”Manyyearshavepassedsincethen,andtodayIhostthetelevisionprogramMisterRogers’Neighborhood,seenbymillionsofchildrenthroughoutAmerica.Therehavebeenchangesovertheyears,butonethingremainsthesame:mymessagetochildrenattheendofalmosteveryvisit.“There’sonlyonepersoninthiswholeworldlikeyou,”thekidscancountonhearingmesay,“andpeoplecanlikeyouexactlyasyouare.”4Thewriterenjoyedhisvisitstothefarmbecause________.A.Therewereoldstonewalls B.ItwasanexcitingplaceforhimC.Helikedhisgrandfather D.Hewasallowedtoclimbthestonewalls5.Hearingthewriter’sideatoclimbthestonewalls,________.A.Alltheadultswereshocked B.HisparentsagreedC.Noneoftheadultsresponded D.Hisgrandfatherbackedhimup6.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthewriterwas________.A.adventurous B.funny C.smart D.talkative7.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthetext?A.ADiscouragingExperience B.DoWhateverYouLikeC.JustBeYourself D.RemainAdventurous【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，作者通過小時(shí)候在祖父農(nóng)場(chǎng)玩的經(jīng)歷表明，要做我們自己，正是當(dāng)我們作自己的時(shí)候人們才會(huì)喜歡我們。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Asayoungster,therewasnothingIlikedbetterthanSundayafternoonsatmygrandfather’sfarminwesternPennsylvania.Surroundedbymilesofwindingstonewalls,thehouseandfieldprovidedendlesshoursoffunforacitykidlikeme.(小時(shí)候，沒有什么比周日下午在賓夕法尼亞州西部我祖父的農(nóng)場(chǎng)里玩，更讓我喜歡的了。房子和田野被綿延數(shù)英里的蜿蜒石墻環(huán)繞，為我這樣的城市孩子提供了無盡的樂趣)”可知，作者很喜歡去農(nóng)場(chǎng)玩，是因?yàn)檗r(nóng)場(chǎng)給他提供了無盡的樂趣，農(nóng)場(chǎng)對(duì)他來說是個(gè)令人興奮的地方。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“ButbeforeIcouldleavetheroom,Iwasstoppedbymygrandfather’sloudvoice.“Nowholdonjustaminute,”Iheardhimsay.“Lettheboyclimbthestonewalls.Hehastolearntodothingsforhimself.”(但在我離開房間之前，我被祖父的洪亮聲音攔住了?！暗纫幌?，”我聽見他說?！白屵@個(gè)男孩爬石墻吧。他必須學(xué)會(huì)為自己做事?！?”和第三段中的““Go,”hesaidtome,“andcomeandseemewhenyougetback.”(“去吧，”他對(duì)我說，“回來后來看我。”)”可知，聽到作者想爬上石墻的想法，他的祖父支持他，讓他去爬石墻。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“LaterImetwithmygrandfathertotellhimaboutmyadventures.(后來我見到了祖父，告訴他我的冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷)”可知，作者是具有冒險(xiǎn)精神的（adventurous）。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的““Fred,”hesaid,smiling,“Youmadethisdayaspecialdayjustbybeingyourself.Alwaysremember,there’sonlyonepersoninthiswholeworldlikeyou,andIlikeyouexactlyasyouare.”(“弗雷德，”他笑著說，“你做你自己，讓今天成為了特別的一天。永遠(yuǎn)記住，世界上唯有一個(gè)人和你相似，正是當(dāng)你作自己的時(shí)候我才能喜歡你?！?”和最后一段中的““There’sonlyonepersoninthiswholeworldlikeyou,”thekidscancountonhearingmesay,“andpeoplecanlikeyouexactlyasyouare.”(“世界上唯有一個(gè)人和你相似”，孩子們可以聽到我所說的，“并且正是當(dāng)你作自己的時(shí)候人們才能喜歡你?！?”可知，作者通過小時(shí)候在祖父農(nóng)場(chǎng)玩的經(jīng)歷表明，要做我們自己，正是當(dāng)我們作自己的時(shí)候人們才會(huì)喜歡我們，C項(xiàng)“做你自己”符合文意。故選C項(xiàng)。CArobotcalledBina48hassuccessfullytakenacourseinthePhilosophyofLoveatNotreDamedeNamurUniversity(NDNU),inCalifornia.AccordingtocourseinstructorWilliamBarry,associateprofessoratNDNU,Bina48istheworld’sfirstsociallyadvancedrobottocompleteacollegecourse,anachievementhedescribedas“remarkable”.Therobottookpartinclassdiscussions,gaveapresentationwithastudentpartnerandparticipatedinadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution.Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry’sclassesforseveralyears.OnedaywhenaddressinginBarry’sclass,Bina48expressedadesiretogotocollege,adesirethatBarryandhisstudentsenthusiasticallysupported.Ratherthanenrolling(報(bào)名)Bina48inhisRobotEthics:PhilosophyofEmergingTechnologiescourse,BarrysuggestedthatBina48shouldtakehiscoursePhilosophyofLoveinstead.“LoveisaconceptBina48doesn’tunderstand,”saidBarry.ThereforethechallengewouldbegreatforBarryandhisstudentstoteachBina48whatloveis.“Someinterestingthingshappenedintheclass,”saidBarry.HesaidthathisstudentsthoughtitwouldbestraightforwardtoteachBina48aboutlove,which,afterall,isfairlysimple—it’safeeling.Buttherealitywasdifferent.“Bina48endeduplearning31differentversionsoflove,”saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingwithartificialintelligenceinfuture.Bina48participatedinclassdiscussionsviaSkypeandalsotookpartinaclassdebateaboutloveandconflictwithstudentsfromWestPoint.Bina48’scontributiontothedebatewasfilmedandpostedonYouTube.ItwasjudgedthatBina48andNDNUclassmateswerethewinnersofthisdebate.Inthenextdecade,BarryhopesBina48mightbecomecomplexenoughtoteachaclass,thoughhesaysheforeseesrobotsbeingusedtobettertheteachingandlearningexperience,ratherthanreplacinginstructorscompletely.8WhatwasBina48’sperformancelikeinclass?A.Extraordinary. B.Insignificant.C.Discouraging. D.Average.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“addressing”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Dealingwith. B.Competingwith.C.Givingaspeechto. D.Sendingaletterto.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.BarryrefusedtoenrollBina48forhiscourse.B.Bina48feltitinterestingtolearnaboutlove.C.Artificialintelligenceisdefinitelysuperiortoman.D.Sometimesitcanbechallengingtoworkwithartificialintelligence.11.WhatdoesBarrythinkofthefuturedevelopmentofBina48?A.Itwillsurelybeabletoserveasabetterteacher.B.Itwillbeabletopromotelearningandteaching.C.Itwillcompletelytaketheplaceofinstructors.D.Itwillbesmartenoughtocontrolhumanbeings.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了機(jī)器人Bina48參加討論、做報(bào)告、參與辯論，在課堂上的表現(xiàn)堪稱是非凡的。它的表現(xiàn)展示出人類未來可能會(huì)面臨人工智能的挑戰(zhàn)。未來它可能在教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域被更好地利用?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句話Bina48istheworld'sfirstsociallyadvancedrobottocompleteacollegecourse,afeathedescribedas"remarkable".可知，Bina48是世界上第一個(gè)在社交方面很先進(jìn)的機(jī)器人，它能完成大學(xué)課程。它的成績(jī)被描述為“卓越的”。所以Bina48在課堂上的表現(xiàn)是非凡的。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry’sclassesforseveralyears.可知，在做學(xué)生之前，Bina48在Barry的課堂上擔(dān)任客座發(fā)言者好幾年。因此推斷他經(jīng)常在Barry的課上做演講。故劃線詞所在句OnedaywhenaddressinginBarry’sclass,Bina48expressedadesiretogotocollege.意為“一天當(dāng)Bina48在Barry的課堂上演講時(shí)，他表達(dá)了想要上大學(xué)的愿望”。故劃線詞詞義與C項(xiàng)“做演講”意義相近。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句Bina48endeduplearning"31differentversionsoflove,"saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingartificialintelligenceinfuture.可知，Bina48最終學(xué)習(xí)了31種不同版本的愛，強(qiáng)調(diào)了人類未來可能會(huì)面臨的人工智能的挑戰(zhàn)。因此與人工智能一起工作，有時(shí)候是具有挑戰(zhàn)性的。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Inthenextdecade,BarryhopesBina48mightbecomecomplexenoughtoteachaclass,thoughhesaysheforeseesrobotsbeingusedtobettertheteachingandlearningexperience,ratherthanreplacinginstructorscompletely.可知，在接下來的十年，Barry希望未來Bina48能變得足夠復(fù)雜，可以教授課程。但是他也預(yù)計(jì)機(jī)器人將被更好地用于教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)體驗(yàn)，而不是完全取代教師。因此Bina48未來的發(fā)展能夠促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)和教學(xué)。故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】閱讀理解考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做詞意猜測(cè)題時(shí)一定要在文章中找到相應(yīng)的答案區(qū)域，在上下文中理解，再做出正確的選擇。比如第二小題，前文中的aguestspeakerinBarry’s，與問題區(qū)域的addressinginBarry’sclass對(duì)應(yīng)，所以address應(yīng)該與speak同義，即發(fā)言、說話，故答案選C。DBluePlanetII’slatestepisodefocusesonhowplasticishavingadisastrouseffectontheoceanandslowlypoisoningourseacreatures.ResearchersrecentlyalsofoundthatseacreatureslivinginthedeepestplaceonEarth,theMarianaTrench,haveplasticintheirstomachs.Indeed,theoceansaredrowninginplastic.Thoughitseemsnowthattheworldcouldn’tpossiblyfunctionwithoutplastics,consumerplasticsarearemarkablyrecentinvention.Thefirstplasticbagswereintroducedinthe1950s;thesamedecadethatplasticpackagingbegangaininginpopularityintheUnitedStates.Thisgrowthhashappenedsofastthatscienceisstillcatchingupwiththechange.Plasticspollutionresearch,forinstance,isstillaveryearlyscience.Weputalltheseplasticsintotheenvironmentandwestilldon’treallyknowwhattheoutcomesaregoingtobe.Whatwedoknow,though,isdisturbing.Oceanplasticisestimatedtokillmillionsofmarineanimalseveryyear.Nearly700species,includingendangeredones,areknowntohavebeenaffectedbyit.Oneinthreeleatherbackturtles,whichoftenmistakeplasticbagsforjellyfish,havebeenfoundwithplasticintheirbellies.Ninetypercentofseabirdsarenoweatingplasticsonaregularbasis.By2050,thatfigureisexpectedtoriseto100percent.Andit’snotjustwildlifethatisthreatenedbytheplasticsinourseas.Humansareconsumingplasticsthroughtheseafoodweeat.Icouldunderstandwhysomepeopleseeoceanplasticasadisaster,worthmentioningtothesamedegreeasclimatechange.Butoceanplasticisnotascomplicatedasclimatechange.Therearenooceantrashdeniers(否認(rèn)者),atleastsofar.Todosomethingaboutit,wedon’thavetoremakeourplanetenergysystem.Thisisnotaproblemwherewedon’tknowwhatthesolutionis.Weknowhowtopickupgarbage.Anyonecandoit.Weknowhowtodispose(處理)ofit.Weknowhowtorecycle.Wecanallstartbythinkingtwicebeforeweusesingle-useplasticproducts.Thingsthatmayseemordinary,likeusingareusablebottleorareusablebag----whentakencollectively,thesechoicesreallydomakeadifference.12.Whyisplasticspollutionresearchstillaveryearlyscience?A.Theplasticspollutionresearchistoodifficult.B.Plasticshaveproducedlesspollutionthancoal.C.Theworldcouldn’tpossiblyfunctionwithoutplastics.D.Plasticshavegainedinpopularitytoofastforsciencetocatchup.13.HowdidtheauthorsupporthisopinioninParagraph3?A.Bystatistics.B.Byquotationsfromleadingexperts.C.Byusingexamplesfromhisownexperience.D.Bycomparisonandcontrast.14.Whatcanweinferaboutclimatechange?A.Climatechangeiscausedbyhumanactivities.B.Somepeopleholdsomedoubtsaboutclimatechange.C.Climatechangeislessimportantthanoceanpollution.D.Oceanplasticismorecomplicatedthanclimatechange.15.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Oceanplasticisaglobalissue.B.Theoceansbecomechokedwithplastic.C.BluePlanetIIhasleftviewersheartbroken.D.Plasticsgaininpopularityallovertheworld【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講了藍(lán)色星球II的最新一集關(guān)注的是塑料如何對(duì)海洋產(chǎn)生災(zāi)難性影響，如何慢慢毒害我們的海洋生物。研究人員最近還發(fā)現(xiàn)，生活在地球上最深處——馬里亞納海溝的海洋生物胃里有塑料。的確，海洋被塑料淹沒了。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Thoughitseemsnowthattheworldcouldn'tpossiblyfunctionwithoutplastics，consumerplasticsarearemarkablyrecentinvention．Thefirstplasticbagswereintroducedinthe1950s；thesamedecadethatplasticpackagingbegangaininginpopularityintheUnitedStates．Thisgrowthhashappenedsofastthatscienceisstillcatchingupwiththechange．Plasticspollutionresearch，forinstance，isstillaveryearlyscience（雖然現(xiàn)在看來，沒有塑料世界是不可能運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的，但消費(fèi)塑料卻是最近才發(fā)明的。第一個(gè)塑料袋是在20世紀(jì)50年代問世的，就在塑料包裝在美國(guó)開始流行的那個(gè)十年里，塑料包裝的這種增長(zhǎng)發(fā)生得如此之快，以至于科學(xué)仍在跟上變化。例如，塑料污染研究仍然是一門非常早期的科學(xué)。）可知塑料已經(jīng)普及得太快了，科學(xué)跟不上，故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段介紹：我們把所有這些塑料投入到環(huán)境中，但我們?nèi)匀徊恢罆?huì)產(chǎn)生什么結(jié)果。然而，我們所知道的是令人不安的。據(jù)估計(jì)，海洋塑料每年會(huì)殺死數(shù)百萬的海洋動(dòng)物。據(jù)了解，包括瀕臨絕種的海龜在內(nèi)，有三分之一的棱皮龜經(jīng)常誤以為塑料袋是水母。目前，90%的海鳥經(jīng)常吃塑料制品。2050年，這一數(shù)字有望上升到100%?？芍髡呤峭ㄟ^統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)的方法來支持自己的觀點(diǎn)，故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Icouldunderstandwhysomepeopleseeoceanplasticasadisaster，worthmentioningtothesamedegreeasclimatechange．Butoceanplasticisnotascomplicatedasclimatechange．Therearenooceantrashdeniers（否認(rèn)者），atleastsofar．Todosomethingaboutit，wedon'thavetoremakeourplanetenergysystem（人類正在通過我們食用的海鮮來食用塑料。我可以理解為什么有些人把海洋塑料視為災(zāi)難，這和氣候變化一樣值得提及。海洋塑料不像氣候變化那么復(fù)雜。沒有海洋垃圾否認(rèn)者，至少到目前為止是這樣。）可知有些人對(duì)氣候變化持懷疑否認(rèn)態(tài)度，故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。文章介紹塑料如何對(duì)海洋產(chǎn)生災(zāi)難性影響，如何慢慢毒害我們的海洋生物。研究人員最近還發(fā)現(xiàn)，生活在地球上最深處——馬里亞納海溝的海洋生物胃里有塑料。的確，海洋被塑料淹沒了，后面文章介紹塑料垃圾對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，可知文章大意講塑料垃圾充斥著海洋，故選B。EWe’veallheardthephrase,“Worksmarter,notharder.”Whenitcomestostudying,therearesomeveryspecificwaysyoucanimproveyoureffectivenesswithoutaddingloadsofextrawork.Createagameplan.Beforeyoubeginyourstudysession,createagameplanforexactlyhowyouwillstudy.Considerwhatyouwillstudy,howlongyou’llspendoneachsubjectandwhatstudymethodsyouwilluse.___16___Takeatleast10minutesbeforeyourstudysessiontomapoutyourgameplan.Outlineyournotes.Takingthetimetoboilyournotesdowntoastandardoutlinecanhelpyougrasptheoverallconceptsyou’restudying.Youcertainlycanborroworcopysomeoneelse’snotes,butyoumustworkhardtoputeverythinginyourownwords.___17___Manytimes,understandingthebigpictureisjustasimportantasrememberingalltheindividualfacts.Outliningallowsyoutofileindividualfactsunderlargerideas.Maintainbalance.Balancecanbedifficulttomaintaininschoolbutit’scrucialforsuccess.___18___Seektocarryoutabalancedlife.Makesuretomaintainasociallifeanddevelophobbiesoutsideofschool.Stayintouchwithyourfamilyandkeeptheminformedofyourschoolprogress.It’scertainlyachallenge,butlivinginbalancewillkeepyouonthepathtosuccess.___19___Ifyouwanttodowellinschool,yousimplyhavetodoit.Buttherearespecificwaystostudybetter.Tomakethemostofyourlimitedtime.___20___Byfollowingthemethodsabove,youcanraisethequalityofyourstudyingsessionswithoutnecessarilyincreasingthequantity.A.Tokeepfromspinningyourwheels.B.There’snowaytogetaroundstudying.C.Writeoutyournotesbyhandduringclass.D.Ifyoudon’t,you’llfailtounderstandthelargerconcept.E.Thisallowsyoutostudytherightmaterialsattherighttime.F.Thelastthingyouwanttodoisburyyourselfinamountainofbooks.G.Don’tspendallyourtimestudyingorallyourtimehangingwithfriends.【答案】16.E17.D18.G19.B20.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了提高學(xué)習(xí)效率的一些具體的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文Createagameplan.Beforeyoubeginyourstudysession,createagameplanforexactlyhowyouwillstudy.Considerwhatyouwillstudy,howlongyou’llspendoneachsubjectandwhatstudymethodsyouwilluse.可知制定一個(gè)游戲計(jì)劃。在你開始學(xué)習(xí)之前，為你將如何學(xué)習(xí)制定一個(gè)游戲計(jì)劃?？紤]一下你要學(xué)什么，每門課要花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，以及你要用什么學(xué)習(xí)方法。由此可知，上文提出方法，本句說明這個(gè)方法的作用在于可以讓你在正確的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)正確的材料。故E選項(xiàng)“這可以讓你在正確的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)正確的材料”符合語境，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文Youcertainlycanborroworcopysomeoneelse’snotes,butyoumustworkhardtoputeverythinginyourownwords.可知你當(dāng)然可以借或抄別人的筆記，但你必須努力用自己的話表達(dá)。以及后文Manytimes,understandingthebigpictureisjustasimportantasrememberingalltheindividualfacts.(很多時(shí)候，理解大局和記住所有的個(gè)別事實(shí)一樣重要)由此可知，上文提到用自己的話表達(dá)是為了更好地區(qū)理解概念，如果不這樣做，就無法理解更大的概念。故D選項(xiàng)“如果你不這樣做，你就無法理解更大的概念”符合語境，故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文Maintainbalance.Balancecanbedifficulttomaintaininschoolbutit’scrucialforsuccess.可知保持平衡。在學(xué)校里很難保持平衡，但這是成功的關(guān)鍵。由此可知，本句承接上文具體說明，要保持平衡意味著不要把你所有的時(shí)間都花在學(xué)習(xí)上，或者花在和朋友玩上。故G選項(xiàng)“不要把你所有的時(shí)間都花在學(xué)習(xí)上，或者花在和朋友玩上”符合語境，故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文Ifyouwanttodowellinschool,yousimplyhavetodoit.可知如果你想在學(xué)校取得好成績(jī)，你就必須這樣做。由此可知，要想在學(xué)校取得好成績(jī)，那么努力學(xué)習(xí)是無法逃避的，你必須學(xué)習(xí)。故B選項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)是沒有辦法逃避的”符合語境，故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文Tomakethemostofyourlimitedtime.可知充分利用你有限的時(shí)間。由此可知，本句承接上文說明，充分利用有限的時(shí)間意味著不要磨洋工，本句與上文為并列關(guān)系。故A選項(xiàng)“不要磨洋工”符合語境，故選A。Ⅲ.完形填空（每小題1分，共15小題，滿分15分）JackMaisknownasoneoftherichestChinese.____21____,hewasnotbornrich.HegrewupatatimewhenChinawas____22____fromtheworld,andlikeeveryfamilyinChina,hisfamilydidn’thave____23____whentheywereyoung.Asachild,Mahad____24____justlikeanyotherkid.Helikedcollectingcrickets(蟋蟀)andmakingthemfight.Withoutmoney,theonlywayMacouldchangehislifewasthrough____25____.Afterhighschool,he____26____togotocollege,butfailedtheentranceexam____27____.Afteragreatdealofstudying,hefinallypassedonthethirdtry,goingonto____28____HangzhouTeachersCollege.HeHereceivedmorethanadozen_____30_____,includingfromKFC.Buthedidn’tgiveuptryingandfinallywasemployedasanEnglish_____31_____.Malovedhisstudents,thoughheonlymade80yuanamonthatalocaluniversity.Mahadnoexperiencewiththe_____32_____,whichwasnotveryaccessibletomostChinese,buthewas_____33_____theInternetwhenheuseditforthefirsttimein1995.Ma’sfirstonlinesearchwas“beer”,buthewas_____34_____tofindthatnoChinesebeersturnedupintheresults.Itwasthen_____35_____hedecidedtofoundaninternetcompanyforChina.Thatwasthefirststeptohisfuture.21.A.Therefore B.Fortunately C.However D.Thus22.A.closed B.different C.remote D.isolated23.A.money B.relatives C.friends D.changes24.A.tasks B.hobbies C.jobs D.qualities25.A.education B.work C.luck D.view26.A.applied B.deserved C.succeeded D.failed27.A.once B.often C.twice D.seldom28.A.attend B.leave C.quit D.start29.A.continued B.presented C.introduced D.graduated30.A.admissions B.opportunities C.rejections D.invitations31.A.engineer B.headmaster C.teacher D.worker32.A.company B.computer C.teaching D.competition33.A.disappointedwith B.crazyabout C.abandonedto D.skepticalabout34.A.surprised B.excited C.desperate D.helpless35.A.when B.where C.that D.how【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.A26.A27.C28.A29.D30.C31.C32.B33.B34.A35.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了馬云建立阿里巴巴以前的生活、學(xué)習(xí)和求職經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，他并非生來就富有。A.Therefore因此；B.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；C.However然而；D.Thus因此。上文中的“oneoftherichestChinese”和“hewasnotbornrich.”形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在他成長(zhǎng)的年代，中國(guó)與世界隔絕，像中國(guó)的每一個(gè)家庭一樣，他的家庭年輕時(shí)也沒有錢。A.closed關(guān)閉的；B.different不同的；C.remote偏遠(yuǎn)的，遙遠(yuǎn)的；D.isolated孤立的。根據(jù)常識(shí)和“hewasnotbornrich”可知，馬云生長(zhǎng)的那個(gè)年代，大多數(shù)家庭都是不富裕的，中國(guó)那時(shí)候也是與世隔絕的。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在他成長(zhǎng)的年代，中國(guó)與世界隔絕，像中國(guó)的每一個(gè)家庭一樣，他的家庭年輕時(shí)也沒有錢。A.money錢；B.relatives親戚；C.friends朋友；D.changes改變。根據(jù)下文“Withoutmoney”可知，此處是信息詞money的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個(gè)孩子，馬云和其他孩子一樣有自己的愛好。A.tasks任務(wù)；B.hobbies愛好；C.jobs工作；D.qualities質(zhì)量。根據(jù)“Helikedcollectingcricketsandmakingthemfight.”可知，馬云小時(shí)候有自己的愛好。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有錢，馬云改變自己生活的唯一途徑就是接受教育。A.education教育；B.work工作；C.luck好運(yùn)，運(yùn)氣；D.view看法，見解。根據(jù)下文“Afteragreatdealofstudying,hefinallypassedonthethirdtry”可知，馬云想通過教育改變自己的命運(yùn)。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：高中畢業(yè)后，他申請(qǐng)上大學(xué)，但兩次高考都沒有通過。A.applied申請(qǐng)，應(yīng)用；B.deserved值得；C.succeeded成功；D.failed失敗。applyto為固定短語，意為“申請(qǐng)”，此處表示申請(qǐng)上大學(xué)。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：高中畢業(yè)后，他申請(qǐng)上大學(xué)，但兩次高考都沒有通過。A.once一次，曾經(jīng)；B.often經(jīng)常；C.twice兩次；D.seldom很少。根據(jù)“Afteragreatdealofstudying,hefinallypassedonthethirdtry”可知，高考失敗過兩次。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過大量的學(xué)習(xí)，他終于在第三次嘗試中通過了，進(jìn)入了杭州師范大學(xué)。A.attend參加，前往，上（大學(xué)等）；B.leave離開；C.quit放棄；D.start開始。根據(jù)“HangzhouTeachersCollege.”可知，馬云上了杭州師范大學(xué)。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：1988年，他從大學(xué)畢業(yè)，開始申請(qǐng)盡可能多的工作。A.continued繼續(xù)；B.presented贈(zèng)予，展現(xiàn)；C.introduced介紹；D.graduated畢業(yè)。根據(jù)“startedapplyingtoasmanyjobsashecould.”可知，1988年，馬云大學(xué)畢業(yè)了。graduatefrom為固定短語，意為“從……畢業(yè)”。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他收到了包括肯德基在內(nèi)的十多封拒絕信。A.admissions準(zhǔn)許加入，承認(rèn)；B.opportunities機(jī)會(huì)；C.rejections拒絕；D.invitations邀請(qǐng)。根據(jù)“Buthedidn’tgive