2025屆上海市嘉定區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題 含解析

2024學(xué)年高三年級第二次質(zhì)量調(diào)研英語試卷Ⅰ.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.RacetotheFrozenNorthOnApril6,1909,sixdeterminedmenstoodatthetopoftheworld,claimingvictoryoveroneofEarth’slastgreatfrontiers—theNorthPole.Theirleader,RobertE.Peary,capturedthehistoricmomentinphotographsashisteamproudlyhelduptheirflags.AmongthemwasMatthewHenson,anexperiencedexplorer___1___skillshadbeenvitaltotheirsuccess.Heheldauniqueflag,___2___(sew)togetherfromdifferentpiecesoffabric,whilefourexpertInuithuntersstoodbyhisside.Theyguidedtheteamthroughtheendlessfrozenwilderness.Reachingthisice-coveredworldwasnoteasy.Manyhadtriedbeforethem,only___3___(force)backbyterribleconditions.Peary’ssuccesswasnotjustluck—itwascarefulstrategy,perseverance,andthestrengthofhisteam.Hereliedheavily___4___Henson,whohadjourneyedwithhimthroughtheArcticbefore.Hensonwasn’tjustanexplorer;hewasasurvivalist,trainedbytheInuit(因紐特人)intheartofhandlingtheice.Butnoamountofskill___5___makeovercomingtheArcticanyeasier.Thewindscreamedlikeawildbeast,andthetemperaturedroppedtoafreezingminus60degreesFahrenheit.Hensonlaterwroteinhisjournal,“Freezingofthewholefrontpartofthefaceisanordinaryoccurrence.”Iceformedontheirskin,___6___(bite)deeperwitheveryburstofwind.Frostbite(凍瘡)wasaconstantthreat.Pearyhimselfhadlosttoesonearlieradventures.Despite___7___theyendured,theykeptpushingforward.Theirfoodwassimplebutpackedwithenergy:pemmican,adensemixtureofdriedmeat,animalfat,andberries.___8___itdidlittletosatisfytruehunger,itdidkeepthemalive.Theirdayswerelongandexhausting.Yettheyrefusedtostop.Then,atlast,theyarrived.Thevast,icyemptiness___9___(stretch)ineverydirection.Henson,movingquicklyahead,wasthefirsttomarktheirachievement.WhenPearyarrived,theyplantedtheirflags,securingtheirplaceinhistory.Theimpossible____10____(conquer).【答案】1.whose2.sewn3.tobeforced4.on5.could6.biting7.what8.Although##Though9.stretched10hadbeenconquered【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了1909年4月6日，RobertE.Peary帶領(lǐng)的團(tuán)隊(duì)到達(dá)北極的艱難歷程，著重介紹了團(tuán)隊(duì)成員MatthewHenson以及他們在途中所面臨的惡劣環(huán)境和克服的種種困難?！?題詳解】考查關(guān)系代詞。句意：在他們當(dāng)中有MatthewHenson，一位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的探險(xiǎn)家，他的技能對他們的成功至關(guān)重要。“1skillshadbeenvitaltotheirsuccess”是一個(gè)定語從句，修飾先行詞“MatthewHenson”，關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語，修飾“skills”，表示“他的技能”，所以用關(guān)系代詞“whose”。故填whose?！?題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他舉著一面獨(dú)特的旗幟，這面旗幟是由不同的織物縫制在一起的，而四位因紐特獵人則站在他身邊?！?(sew)togetherfromdifferentpiecesoffabric”是后置定語，修飾“flag”，“flag”與“sew”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即“旗幟被縫制”，所以用過去分詞“sewn”。故填sewn?！?題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在他們之前有許多人嘗試過，結(jié)果卻被惡劣的條件逼了回來。only3(force)backbyterribleconditions”是結(jié)果狀語，“Many”與“force”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，用“onlytobedone”結(jié)構(gòu)，所以填“tobeforced”。故填tobeforced?！?題詳解】考查介詞。句意：他非常依賴Henson，Henson之前曾和他一起在北極地區(qū)旅行過?！皉elyon”是固定搭配，意為“依賴，依靠”，所以填“on”。故填on【5題詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：但再多的技能也無法使征服北極變得更容易。根據(jù)語境，這里表示“能夠”的意思，且是過去的情況，用“could”表示過去的能力或可能性。故填could?！?題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：冰在他們的皮膚上形成，每一陣風(fēng)都讓凍傷更加嚴(yán)重。“6(bite)deeperwitheveryburstofwind”在句中作伴隨狀語，“Ice”與“bite”之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞“biting”。故填biting?！?題詳解】考查連接詞。句意：盡管他們?nèi)淌芰撕芏?，但他們還是繼續(xù)前進(jìn)?！癉espite7theyendured”中，“7theyendured”是一個(gè)賓語從句，作“Despite”的賓語，從句中缺少賓語，用“what”引導(dǎo)，表示“所……的事物”。故填what?！?題詳解】考查連詞。句意：盡管它幾乎不能滿足真正的饑餓，但它確實(shí)讓他們活了下來。根據(jù)前后句的邏輯關(guān)系，這里表示讓步，“盡管”食物不能滿足饑餓，但能維持生命，所以用“Although”或“Though”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。首字母大寫。故填A(yù)lthough/Though?！?題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：廣闊的冰原向四面八方延伸。文章講述的是過去的事情，這里描述到達(dá)北極時(shí)看到的景象，用一般過去時(shí)，“stretch”的過去式是“stretched”。故填stretched?！?0題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：不可能的事情已經(jīng)被征服了。Theimpossible”與“conquer”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，“征服”發(fā)生在“抵達(dá)”之前，需用過去完成時(shí)，且主語theimpossible與conquer之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)。故填hadbeenconquered。SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.capabilitiesB.dismissC.examineD.ignoranceE.matchF.misrepresentationG.passionateH.pointI.plugJ.relievingK.worryingTheHackersWhoProtectYourSecurityHaveyoueverlockedyourselfoutofyourhouseandhadtotrytobreakin?Firstyougetasenseofaccomplishmentinsucceeding.Butthencomesthe____11____realizationthatifyoucanbreakintoyourownplaceasanamateur,aprofessionalcoulddoitfivetimesfaster.Soyoulookfortheweak____12____inyoursecurityandfixit.Well,that’smoreorlesshowtheDefConhackers(黑客)conferenceworks.Everyyear,hackersmeetinLasVegastotesttheirknowledgeand____13____.Mentiontheword“hacker”andmanyofuspictureaseventeen-year-oldstudentsittinginabedroom,illegallyhackingintothegovernmentsystems.Butthatisactuallya(n)____14____ofwhatmosthackersdo.TheactivitiesthattakeplaceatDefConhaveanenormousimpactonourdailylives.Here,computeraddictswhocan’tbreakthehabitorresistthechallengeoffindingsecuritygaps____15____allkindsofsystems,fromtheinternettomobilecommunicationstohouseholddoorlocks.Andthentheytrytohackthem.Indoingso,theydousallagreatservicebypassingontheirfindingstoindustry,whichcanthen____16____thesecurityholes.Ifyou’reamongthosewho____17____theDefConattendeesasabunchofsocialmisfits,thenyouprobablyhavethesamepasswordfor90percentofyouronlineexistence,whichisrisky.Evenifyouthinkyou’rebeingcleverbyusingyourgrandmother’sbirthdatebackwardsasapassword,you’reno____18____forthesepeople.Thereisnogreater____19____tobefoundonlinethanthatofanaverageInternetuser.I’mhappytoadmitthatI’moneofthem.I’malsoawarethatthereareotherpeopleouttherewhoaretryingtogetmoreandmoreaccesstoourpersonaldata.Sadly,wehavefewtoolstoprotectourselves.Butthereisagroupofpeoplewhoare____20____aboutonlinefreedomandhavethemeanstohelpusprotectourprivacy.ManyofthemcanbefoundatDefCon.【答案】11.K12.H13.A14.F15.C16.I17.B18.E19.D20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是DefCon黑客大會(huì)的相關(guān)情況以及黑客并非都是非法入侵者?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：隨后，一個(gè)令人擔(dān)憂的意識涌上心頭：如果你這個(gè)業(yè)余人士都能闖入自己的家，那么專業(yè)人士的速度可能會(huì)快上五倍。由下文“ifyoucanbreakintoyourownplaceasanamateur,aprofessionalcoulddoitfivetimesfaster”可知，空后所說的意識到的內(nèi)容是令人擔(dān)憂的，空格處意為“令人擔(dān)憂的”，用形容詞作定語，修飾名詞realization，是worrying，故選K。【12題詳解】考查名詞。句意：于是，你開始尋找安全系統(tǒng)中的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)并加以修復(fù)。由前面的“l(fā)ookfortheweak”和下文“inyoursecurityandfixit”可知，句子表示“你開始尋找安全系統(tǒng)中的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)并加以修復(fù)”，空格處意為“要點(diǎn)，核心問題”，是point，此處用單數(shù)，故選H?！?3題詳解】考查名詞。句意：每年，黑客們都會(huì)在拉斯維加斯聚會(huì)，測試他們的知識和能力。由上文“hackersmeetinLasVegastotesttheirknowledgeand”可知，句子表示“黑客們都會(huì)在拉斯維加斯聚會(huì)，測試他們的知識和能力”，空格處意為“能力”，是capabilities。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：但這實(shí)際上是對大多數(shù)黑客行為的歪曲。由上文“illegallyhackingintothegovernmentsystems”可知，句子表示“這實(shí)際上是對大多數(shù)黑客行為的歪曲”，空格處意為“歪曲”，是misrepresentation。故選F?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：在這里，那些無法戒掉尋找安全漏洞這一習(xí)慣或無法抗拒這一挑戰(zhàn)的計(jì)算機(jī)愛好者們，會(huì)檢查各種系統(tǒng)，從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)到移動(dòng)通信，再到家用門鎖。由下文“allkindsofsystems,fromtheinternettomobilecommunicationstohouseholddoorlocks”可知，句子表示“那些無法戒掉尋找安全漏洞這一習(xí)慣或無法抗拒這一挑戰(zhàn)的計(jì)算機(jī)愛好者們，會(huì)檢查各種系統(tǒng)”，空格處意為“檢查”，是examine，句子描述經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語addicts是復(fù)數(shù)，因此examine用原形，故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：通過這樣做，他們實(shí)際上為我們所有人提供了巨大的服務(wù)，因?yàn)樗麄儗⒆约旱陌l(fā)現(xiàn)傳遞給相關(guān)行業(yè)，這些行業(yè)隨后可以填補(bǔ)安全漏洞。由上文“theydousallagreatservicebypassingontheirfindingstoindustry”可知，句子表示“他們實(shí)際上為我們所有人提供了巨大的服務(wù)，因?yàn)樗麄儗⒆约旱陌l(fā)現(xiàn)傳遞給相關(guān)行業(yè)，這些行業(yè)隨后可以填補(bǔ)安全漏洞”，空格處意為“填補(bǔ)”，是plug，can是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，因此空格處用原形，故選I?！?7題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：如果你和那些輕視DefCon參會(huì)者、認(rèn)為他們是一群社會(huì)不適應(yīng)者的人一樣，那么你可能90%的在線賬戶都使用同一個(gè)密碼，這是非常危險(xiǎn)的。由空后“theDefConattendeesasabunchofsocialmisfits”可知，句子表示“輕視DefCon參會(huì)者”，空格處意為“輕視”，是dismiss，由have是原形可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，who指代的先行詞those是復(fù)數(shù)，因此dismiss用原形，故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞。句意：即使你認(rèn)為自己很聰明，把祖母的生日倒過來作為密碼，但與這些人相比，你根本不是他們的對手。由上文“whichisrisky”可知，句子表示“你認(rèn)為自己很聰明，把祖母的生日倒過來作為密碼，但與這些人相比，你根本不是他們的對手”，空格處意為“對手”，是match，空前有no，空格處用單數(shù)，故選E。【19題詳解】考查名詞。句意：在網(wǎng)上，沒有比普通互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶更無知的存在了。由上文“I’malsoawarethatthereareotherpeopleouttherewhoaretryingtogetmoreandmoreaccesstoourpersonaldata”可知，句子表示“沒有比普通互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶更無知的存在了”，空格處意為“無知”，用名詞作賓語，是ignorance，是不可數(shù)名詞，故選D?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：但有一群人對網(wǎng)絡(luò)自由充滿熱情，他們有辦法幫助我們保護(hù)自己的隱私。由下文“havethemeanstohelpusprotectourprivacy”可知，句子表示“有一群人對網(wǎng)絡(luò)自由充滿熱情，他們有辦法幫助我們保護(hù)自己的隱私”，空格處意為“熱情的”，用形容詞作表語，是passionate，故選G。Ⅲ.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Imagineaworldwheremachinesdon’tjustrespondtocommandsbutactuallyunderstandhowyoufeel.Yourphonesensessadnessinyourvoiceandsuggestscallingafriend;yourcomputerseesyou’retiredandremindsyoutorest.Sounds____21____?Notanymore.EmotionAI—thetechnologythatallowsmachinestorecognizeandinterprethumanemotions—isalreadyhere.ForRanaelKaliouby,thisideawas____22____.Yearsago,whenshemovedfromEgypttotheUK,sheandherhusbandkeptintouchthroughtextmessages.Butsomethingwas____23____:Nomatterhowmanywordstheyexchanged,hecouldn’tseetheexhaustiononherfaceorhearthesadnessinhervoice.Thatexperienceplantedaseedinhermind:Whatiftechnologycouldbridgethatemotional____24____?Drivenbythisvision,sheco-foundedAffectiva,acompanyspecializinginemotion-detectingAI.Theconceptissimpleyetpowerful.Machinesaretrainedtorecognizeemotionsthroughfacialexpressions,toneofvoice,andevenbodylanguage.Affectiva,____25____,workswithmarketingfirmstoanalyzehowpeoplereacttoadvertisements.Meanwhile,companieslikeBehavioralSignalsfocusonvoiceanalysis,usingtoneandspeechpatternstodiscoveremotionsincustomerservicecalls.Thepotential____26____arevast,fromeducationtohealthcaretodriversafety.Buthere’sthecatch:recognizinganemotionisn’tthesameas____27____it.Afurrowedbrow(皺眉)—doesitmeananger,deepthought,orjustbadlighting?Ascowl(怒視)couldsignalfrustration,butitmightjustas____28____indicateconcentration.Andthenthere’s____29____—whatlookslikeexcitementinonepartoftheworldmightbemistakenforanxietyinanother.Beyondaccuracy,there’sabiggerquestion:ShouldAIbe_____30_____tomakedecisionsbasedonemotions?SomepoliceforceshavealreadyexperimentedwithemotionAItoassesswhetherpeopleappear“suspicious.”Criticsarguethisisa_____31_____game,especiallysincestudiesshowAIcanbeprejudiced,sometimesinterpretingemotionsdifferentlybasedonraceorgender.The_____32_____thingsocietyneedsisfaultytechnologyinfluencingimportantdecisionslikehiring,lawenforcement,ormentalhealthdiagnoses._____33_____,theprogressisundeniable.CarmanufacturersaredevelopingAIsystemsthatmonitordrivers’emotionsand_____34_____iftheyappeardistractedortired.Inclassrooms,researchersareexploringwaysAIcouldfigureoutwhenstudentsarestrugglingordisengagedandadjustlessonsinrealtime.So,wheredoesthatleaveus?EmotionAIisfascinating,fullofpromise—butalsofullofrisks.Butonethingiscertain:thelinebetweenhumanandmachineisbecoming_____35_____witheachpassingday.21.A.reasonable B.futuristic C.familiar D.necessary22.A.personal B.ridiculous C.complex D.collective23.A.unusual B.missing C.pointless D.accessible24.A.wound B.variety C.tension D.gap25.A.bycontrast B.inaddition C.insummary D.forexample26.A.applications B.obstacles C.transformations D.investments27.A.conveying B.controlling C.understanding D.redirecting28.A.barely B.slowly C.severely D.easily29.A.improvement B.pressure C.disorder D.culture30A.requested B.trusted C.forbidden D.improved31.A.casual B.dangerous C.strategic D.boring32.A.urgent B.confusing C.last D.right33.A.Still B.Rather C.Subsequently D.Consequently34.A.wait B.leave C.intervene D.ignore35.A.lessclear B.lessartificial C.morecrucial D.moredefinable【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.D25.D26.A27.C28.D29.D30.B31.B32.C33.A34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章探討情感AI的技術(shù)潛力及其倫理挑戰(zhàn)，揭示人機(jī)交互邊界的模糊性與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你的手機(jī)感知到你聲音中的悲傷，建議你給朋友打個(gè)電話；你的電腦發(fā)現(xiàn)你疲憊不堪，提醒你休息一下。聽起來很科幻，未來才能發(fā)生？但這一切已成現(xiàn)實(shí)。A.reasonable合理的；B.futuristic未來感的，科幻的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.necessary必要的。根據(jù)上文“yourcomputerseesyou’retiredandremindsyoutorest.”及下文“Notanymore”可知，前文描述機(jī)器感知情緒的場景屬于未來科技，后文提到加以否定，說明該技術(shù)已實(shí)現(xiàn)。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對RanaelKaliouby而言，這個(gè)想法源于她的親身經(jīng)歷。A.personal個(gè)人的；B.ridiculous荒謬的；C.complex復(fù)雜的；D.collective集體的。根據(jù)下文“Yearsago,whenshemovedfromEgypttotheUK,sheandherhusbandkeptintouchthroughtextmessages.”可知，后文講述Rana的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷，需形容詞修飾idea，體現(xiàn)“個(gè)人構(gòu)想”。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但總?cè)鄙傩┦裁矗簾o論他們交換多少文字信息，對方始終看不到她臉上的倦容，也聽不出她聲音里的悲傷。A.unusual不尋常的；B.missing缺失的；C.pointless無意義的；D.accessible可獲取的。根據(jù)下文“Nomatterhowmanywordstheyexchanged,hecouldn’tseetheexhaustiononherfaceorhearthesadnessinhervoice.”可知，后文指出丈夫無法感知她的疲憊和悲傷，說明交流中“缺失”某些情感線索。固定搭配：somethingwasmissing意為“缺少某物”符合句意。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這段經(jīng)歷在她心中埋下一顆種子：如果技術(shù)能填補(bǔ)這種情感鴻溝會(huì)怎樣？A.wound傷口；B.variety多樣性；C.tension緊張；D.gap鴻溝，缺口。根據(jù)下文“Nomatterhowmanywordstheyexchanged,hecouldn’tseetheexhaustiononherfaceorhearthesadnessinhervoice.”可知，前文提到無法感知情緒，因此后文提出用技術(shù)“彌合情感鴻溝”。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查副詞短語詞義辨析。句意：例如Affectiva公司與營銷機(jī)構(gòu)合作，分析人們對廣告的情緒反應(yīng)。A.bycontrast相比之下；B.inaddition此外；C.insummary總之；D.forexample例如。這里以Affectiva為例說明技術(shù)應(yīng)用，所以使用舉例過渡詞。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用前景極為廣闊，涵蓋教育、醫(yī)療到駕駛員安全等領(lǐng)域。A.applications應(yīng)用；B.obstacles障礙；C.transformations轉(zhuǎn)變；D.investments投資。根據(jù)下文“fromeducationtohealthcaretodriversafety.”可知，后文列舉廣告分析、語音識別等具體用途，這些是應(yīng)用場景。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但關(guān)鍵在于：識別情緒不等于理解情緒。A.conveying傳達(dá)；B.controlling控制；C.understanding理解；D.redirecting重定向。根據(jù)上文“Buthere’sthecatch:recognizinganemotion”可知，前文強(qiáng)調(diào)“識別情緒”，后文討論“理解情緒”的復(fù)雜性，構(gòu)成邏輯遞進(jìn)。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)怒視可能代表沮喪，但也同樣可能只是專注的表現(xiàn)。A.barely幾乎不；B.slowly緩慢地；C.severely嚴(yán)重地；D.easily容易地。這里表達(dá)怒視可能“輕易被誤解”為專注，easily修飾誤判的可能性。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：此外還有文化差異——某種表情在A地區(qū)代表興奮，在B地區(qū)可能被誤讀為焦慮。A.improvement改進(jìn)；B.pressure壓力；C.disorder紊亂；D.culture文化。根據(jù)下文“whatlookslikeexcitementinonepartoftheworldmightbemistakenforanxietyinanother.”可知，后文提到不同地區(qū)對同一表情的解讀差異，涉及文化差異。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：除準(zhǔn)確性外，更值得深思的是：我們該信任AI基于情緒做決定嗎？A.requested被要求的；B.trusted被信任的；C.forbidden被禁止的；D.improved被改進(jìn)的。根據(jù)下文“especiallysincestudiesshowAIcanbeprejudiced,sometimesinterpretingemotionsdifferentlybasedonraceorgender.”可知，后文提到“偏見風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”，因此這里討論是否應(yīng)“信任AI做決策”，前后呼應(yīng)。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：批評者認(rèn)為這是危險(xiǎn)的游戲，尤其有研究表明AI可能存在偏見，不同種族或性別的情緒解讀結(jié)果會(huì)有差異。A.casual隨意的；B.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；C.strategic戰(zhàn)略的；D.boring無聊的。根據(jù)下文“especiallysincestudiesshowAIcanbeprejudiced,sometimesinterpretingemotionsdifferentlybasedonraceorgender.”可知，后文指出AI偏見可能導(dǎo)致歧視，素以這里強(qiáng)調(diào)倫理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：社會(huì)最不需要的，就是有缺陷的技術(shù)影響招聘、執(zhí)法或心理健康診斷等重要決策。A.urgent緊急的；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.last最后的；最不需要的；D.right正確的。根據(jù)下文“faultytechnologyinfluencingimportantdecisionslikehiring,lawenforcement,ormentalhealthdiagnoses.”可知，這些是社會(huì)最不需要的東西。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，技術(shù)進(jìn)步不可否認(rèn)。A.Still盡管如此；B.Rather相反；C.Subsequently隨后；D.Consequently因此。根據(jù)上文“Beyondaccuracy,there’sabiggerquestion”及下文“theprogressisundeniable”可知，前文討論風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，后文承認(rèn)技術(shù)進(jìn)步，需要表轉(zhuǎn)折的副詞。故填A(yù)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：汽車制造商正在開發(fā)能監(jiān)測駕駛員情緒的系統(tǒng)，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)分心或疲勞便會(huì)主動(dòng)干預(yù)。A.wait等待；B.leave離開；C.intervene干預(yù)；D.ignore忽略。根據(jù)上文“CarmanufacturersaredevelopingAIsystemsthatmonitordrivers’emotions”可知，上文提到系統(tǒng)監(jiān)測司機(jī)狀態(tài)因此要發(fā)出警告，之后要開始干預(yù)駕駛行為以保證安全。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但有一件事是肯定的：人類和機(jī)器之間的界限正變得越來越不清晰。A.lessclear更模糊；B.lessartificial更不人工；C.morecrucial更關(guān)鍵；D.moredefinable更可定義。根據(jù)上文“Imagineaworldwheremachinesdon’tjustrespondtocommandsbutactuallyunderstandhowyoufeel.Yourphonesensessadnessinyourvoiceandsuggestscallingafriend;yourcomputerseesyou’retiredandremindsyoutorest.”及“So,wheredoesthatleaveus?EmotionAIisfascinating,fullofpromise—butalsofullofrisks.”可知，情感本是人類專屬領(lǐng)域，現(xiàn)在卻被機(jī)器介入，技術(shù)充滿希望也充滿風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因此這里強(qiáng)調(diào)人機(jī)界限“日益模糊”，呼應(yīng)上文點(diǎn)明主題。故選A。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Soapbubbles(泡泡)arelikelittlefloatingwonders.They’relight,delicate,andfullofsurprises.And,ofcourse,theyshinewithbeautifulcolours!Butifyoulookclosely,you’llnoticesomethingodd—bubblesshowpink,green,yellow,andsometimesblue,butwherearetheothercolours?Whydon’tweseebrightred,deeppurple,orwarmorangefloatingintheair?Thesecretbehindabubble’scoloursliesinitsthinfilm.Theoutersurfacereflectslight,andsodoestheinnersurface.Lightmoveslikeawaveinthissituation.Justlikeripples(漣漪)onapond,thelightreflectedfromtheinsidetravelsabitfartherandmayormaynotmatchupwiththelightreflectedfromtheoutside.Ifthewavesstrengtheneachother,thecolourofthatwavelengthbecomesvisible.Sofar,sogood—thisprocesscancreatemanycolours.Butwhere’smyredbubble?Thelightwavesspreadingfromthebubblecontainallthecoloursoftherainbow.However,wedon’tseethemseparatelybecausethesoapfilm’sthicknessoftenproducesamixofcolours.Interestingly,thethicknessthatenhancesredalsoenhancesviolet(紫色).Butinsteadofseeingboth,weonlyseepink.Thevioletwaveripplesfourtimesbeforeexiting,whiletheredwaveripplesthreetimes.Yet,bythetimetheyleavethebubble,theymeet.Pinkseemslikeasinglecolour,butitdoesn’tactuallyexistintherainbow—ourbrainscreateitbymixingredandviolet.Ifthebubble’ssurfacebecomesslightlythinner,theredandvioletwavescanceleachotherout,leavingonlygreen,whichisarealrainbowcolour.Asthefilmgetseventhinner,redandgreenappeartogether(bothripplingabouttwice),butbluedisappears,soweseeyellowinstead.Weonlyseecolourswhenthesoapfilmisverythin—justoneortwolightwavelengthsthick.Thismeansthereareonlyafewpossiblecolourcombinations,andredaloneisn’toneofthem.So,noredbubblesforme.Itmightbefrustratingtohear,“That’sjusthowitis,”butinthiscase,Idon’tmind.Everysoapbubblefollowsthesamerules,nomatterhoworwhereit’smade.It’sactuallycomfortingtoseetheuniverseworkinginsuchaconsistentway.Pinkandgreenbubblesaresimplynature’sdesign.36.Lightreflectedfromtheouterandinnerlayersofabubbleinteractsby______.A.combiningintostrongerlightB.eitheraddingtogetherorreducingeachotherC.absorbingeachothertomakeasinglecolourD.passingthroughthebubblewithoutchanging37.Whydoweneverseeaperfectlyredsoapbubble?A.Redlightalwaysmixeswithothercolours.B.Redistooweaktobeseenonabubble’ssurface.C.Thebubble’ssurfaceabsorbsredlightcompletely.D.Thesoapinthebubblepreventsredlightfromreflecting.38.Whatpointdoesthewritermakeinthelastparagraph?AIt’snicethatthenaturalworldisfilledwithuncertainties.B.It’sgoodthatthenaturalworldfollowsclearscientificrules.C.It’ssadthatwedonothingtochangethecoloursofsoapbubbles.D.Itisfrustratingtoseethesoapbubblesworkinginaconsistentway.39.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Whylightissoappealing.B.Howsoapbubblesaremade.C.Howlightcreateswondersinnature.D.Whysomecoloursdon’tappearinsoapbubbles.【答案】36.B37.A38.B39.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是肥皂泡呈現(xiàn)顏色的原理，以及為什么我們看不到某些顏色（如紅色）的肥皂泡。【36題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Justlikeripplesonapond,thelightreflectedfromtheinsidetravelsabitfartherandmayormaynotmatchupwiththelightreflectedfromtheoutside.Ifthewavesstrengtheneachother,thecolourofthatwavelengthbecomesvisible.(就像池塘里的漣漪一樣，從內(nèi)部反射出來的光線會(huì)多走一段距離，可能與從外部反射出來的光線相遇，也可能不相遇。如果這兩股波浪相互增強(qiáng)，那么那個(gè)波長的顏色就會(huì)變得可見。)”可知，從氣泡的外層和內(nèi)層反射的光通過加或減相互作用。故選B。【37題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“However,wedon’tseethemseparatelybecausethesoapfilm’sthicknessoftenproducesamixofcolours.Interestingly,thethicknessthatenhancesredalsoenhancesviolet.Butinsteadofseeingboth,weonlyseepink.(然而，我們不能單獨(dú)看到它們，因?yàn)榉试砟さ暮穸冉?jīng)常會(huì)產(chǎn)生混合的顏色。有趣的是，增強(qiáng)紅色的厚度也增強(qiáng)了紫色。但我們看不到兩者，只看到粉紅色。)”可知，我們從來沒有看到一個(gè)完美的紅色肥皂泡是因?yàn)榧t光總是和其他顏色混在一起。故選A?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Everysoapbubblefollowsthesamerules,nomatterhoworwhereit’smade.It’sactuallycomfortingtoseetheuniverseworkinginsuchaconsistentway.Pinkandgreenbubblesaresimplynature’sdesign.(每個(gè)肥皂泡都遵循同樣的規(guī)則，不管它是在哪里或如何制造的。實(shí)際上，看到宇宙以如此一致的方式運(yùn)行是令人欣慰的。粉色和綠色泡泡是大自然的設(shè)計(jì)。)”可知，作者在最后一段提出的觀點(diǎn)是自然界遵循明確的科學(xué)規(guī)則是件好事。故選B?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Butifyoulookclosely,you’llnoticesomethingodd—bubblesshowpink,green,yellow,andsometimesblue,butwherearetheothercolours?Whydon’tweseebrightred,deeppurple,orwarmorangefloatingintheair?(但如果你仔細(xì)觀察，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一些奇怪的事情——?dú)馀蒿@示粉紅色、綠色、黃色，有時(shí)是藍(lán)色，但其他顏色在哪里？為什么我們看不到鮮紅色、深紫色或暖橙色在空中飄?。?”可知，本文主要講的是肥皂泡呈現(xiàn)顏色的原理，以及為什么我們看不到某些顏色（如紅色）的肥皂泡，因此D選項(xiàng)“Whysomecoloursdon’tappearinsoapbubbles.(為什么有些顏色不出現(xiàn)在肥皂泡里。)”是文章的主旨。故選D。(B)HulaDancingHulaisatraditionalNativeHawaiiandancethathasbeenpracticedforcenturies,servingmultiplepurposessuchasstorytelling.religiousexpression,andentertainment.ItisadeeplyculturalandartisticformofmovementthatreflectsHawaiianhistory,values,andbeliefs.MusicalInstrumentNativeHawaiianscraftedtheirmusicalinstrumentsusingmaterialsfoundintheirenvironment,suchasseeds,wood.gourds,andshells.Theseinstrumentsweredesignednotonlytocreatesoundbutalsotoreflectthenaturalbeautyandharmonyoftheislands.Eventoday,manyHawaiianscontinuethepracticeofmakingtheseinstrumentsbyhand,preservingthetraditionaltechniquespasseddownthroughgenerations.HulaBasicsLocateaflat,smoothsurfacetoensurestability.Removeyoursocksandshoesforbettercontrol.Positionyourfeetapproximatelyfourinchesapart,maintainingabalancedstand.Slightlybendyourkneesandrestyourhandsonyourhips(髖部).Initiatemovementwithyourrightfootbysteppingtotheright,bringingyourleftfootalongsideit.Takeanothersteptotheright,thengentlytapyourleftfootbesideyourright.Repeattotheleft.Oncecomfortablewiththefootwork,addarmmovements.Whenyoustepright,bendyourleftamandraiseittoyourchestwithyourelbow(手肘)straightout.Extendyourrightarmstraightouttotheside.Dotheoppositewhenyoustepleft.HandGesturesThehandgesturesinhuladancingserveasavisuallanguage,enhancingthestorytellingaspectoftheperformancebysymbolizingelementsofnatureandemotions.·TorepresentRAIN,gracefullyliftbotharmsaboveyourhead,thenlowerthemslowlyinfrontofyouwhiledelicatelymovingyourfingers,imitatingfallingraindrops.·ForFLOWER,liftyourhandswithyourfingertipspressedtogether,creatingtheshapeofablossom.·ToillustrateWIND.extendyourlefthandforwardwhilecirclingyourrighthandaboveyourheadtwice.·ToshowtherisingSUNorMOON,beginwithyourhandstogetheratwaistlevel,thenmoveeacharmoutwardandupwardinasmootharc(弧線)overyourhead.Finally,formtheshapeofthesunormoonbybringingyourfingertipstogether.40.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthesignificanceofhuladancing?A.ItreflectsHawaiians’character.B.IthelpskeepHawaiianculturealive.C.ItrelatesHawaiianstomodernsociety.D.ItrepresentsHawaiianpeople’screativity.41.Whichofthefollowingisadistinctfeatureofhuladancing?A.Dancersrelyonfastmovementswithnosetform.B.Dancersjumpandturntoshowthewonderofnature.C.Dancersremaininoneplacewhilemovingtheirhands.D.Dancersusespecificstepsandarmmovementstogether.42.Thefollowingpicturesshowsomehandgesturesinhuladancing.WhichtwoofthemrepresentFLOWERandWIND,respectively?A.2and3. B.1and4 C.2and4. D.1and3.【答案】40.B41.D42.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹夏威夷草裙舞，涵蓋其文化意義、舞蹈基礎(chǔ)，以及特色的舞步、手勢與樂器知識?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“HulaisatraditionalNativeHawaiiandancethathasbeenpracticedforcenturies,servingmultiplepurposessuchasstorytelling,religiousexpression,andentertainment.ItisadeeplyculturalandartisticformofmovementthatreflectsHawaiianhistory,values,andbeliefs.(草裙舞是一種傳統(tǒng)的夏威夷本土舞蹈，已經(jīng)傳承了幾個(gè)世紀(jì)，具有多種用途，如講故事、宗教表達(dá)和娛樂。它是一種具有深厚文化和藝術(shù)內(nèi)涵的舞蹈形式，反映了夏威夷的歷史、價(jià)值觀和信仰。)”可知，草裙舞作為一種有著悠久歷史的傳統(tǒng)舞蹈，承載著夏威夷的文化、歷史、價(jià)值觀和信仰等。由此推知，它有助于讓夏威夷文化得以延續(xù)下去，即幫助保持夏威夷文化的活力。故選B?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HulaBasics部分“Oncecomfortablewiththefootwork,addarmmovements.Whenyoustepright,bendyourleftarmandraiseittoyourchestwithyourelbow(手肘)straightout.Extendyourrightarmstraightouttotheside.Dotheoppositewhenyoustepleft.(一旦對步法感到適應(yīng)，就加上手臂動(dòng)作。當(dāng)你向右邁步時(shí)，彎曲你的左臂并將其舉到胸前，手肘伸直。將你的右臂伸直向一側(cè)伸展。當(dāng)你向左邁步時(shí)，做相反的動(dòng)作)”可知，草裙舞的一個(gè)明顯特點(diǎn)是舞者要將特定的舞步和手臂動(dòng)作結(jié)合起來。故選D。【42題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HandGestures部分“ForFLOWER,liftyourhandswithyourfingertipspressedtogether,creatingtheshapeofablossom.(對于‘花’，抬起你的手，使指尖壓在一起，形成一朵花的形狀)”可知，圖片1中指尖壓在一起形成花的形狀，符合“花”的手勢；“ToillustrateWIND,extendyourlefthandforwardwhilecirclingyourrighthandaboveyourheadtwice.(為了表現(xiàn)‘風(fēng)’，伸出你的左手向前，同時(shí)右手在頭頂上方繞圈兩次)”可知，圖片3中左手向前伸出，右手在頭頂繞圈，符合“風(fēng)”的手勢。所以代表“花”和“風(fēng)”的手勢分別是圖片1和圖片3。故選D。(C)Intheearly20thcentury,HenryFordrevolutionizedindustrialproductionbyintegratingmovingproductionlineswithmasslabor,greatlyloweringmanufacturingcostsandtransformingtheautomobilefromaluxuryitemintoanaccessiblemeansoftransportation.Today,asimilarshiftisunfoldingintheserviceindustry,asdigitalplatformsusetechnologicaladvancementsandon-demandlabortodeliverservicesthatwereonceexclusivetothewealthy.CompaniessuchasUber,Handy,andInstacarthavespecialconsumeraccess,enablingindividualstosecurepersonaldrivers,householdassistance,andgrocerydeliverieswithminimaleffort.However,thescopeoftheon-demandeconomyextendsfarbeyondconvenienceservices.Increasingly,essentialprofessionalareas,includinghealthcare,legalconsultation,andbusinessadvisoryservices,arebeingrestructuredthroughdigitalplatforms.StartupslikeMedicast,Axiom,andFfacilitateinteractionsbetweenindependentprofessionalsandclientsinneedofspecializedexpertise.Althoughstillemerging,thiseconomicmodelisexpandingatanunparalleledpace:Uber,establishedin2009,nowoperatesinover50countriesandhadalreadyreachedavaluationof$40