人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修四unitGrammar

人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修四unitGrammarUnit2Workingtheland2動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)31.動(dòng)詞-ing形式是在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ing，屬于非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。如：do-doing,write-writing,sit-sitting,etc.否定形式：not+v--ing2.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，也可稱為動(dòng)名詞。4動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)1.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)表示抽象的或泛指的動(dòng)作,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：

Readingaloudisveryimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguage. Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyis

consideredtobeagoodhabit.WatchingTVandreadingbooksarereallyinteresting.52.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)常后置,用it作形式主語(yǔ)，用形容詞或名詞作表語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的作表語(yǔ)的名詞或短語(yǔ)有：nouse,nogood,fun,hardwork,ahard/difficultjob,awonder,awasteoftime等。如： Isitworthwhilequarrellingwithher?

It’snogoodwaitinghere.

Let’sgohome.Itwasawasteoftimereadingthatbook.63.“Thereis+no”后可以用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)，表示“沒(méi)法……”。如：

Therewasnotellingwhenthismighthappenagain.

沒(méi)法預(yù)料這樣的事什么時(shí)候會(huì)再發(fā)生。

Therewasnoknowingwhathecoulddo.他能做什么很難說(shuō)。7動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)1.有些動(dòng)詞如admit,avoid,consider,escape,deny,risk,suggest等后能接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，而不能接動(dòng)詞不定式。如：

We’reconsideringpayingavisittotheScienceMuseum.8大家有疑問(wèn)的，可以詢問(wèn)和交流可以互相討論下，但要小聲點(diǎn)92.有些短語(yǔ)如can’thelp,beusedto,endup,feellike,leadto,bebusy,betiredof,befondof,beafraidof,beproudof,thinkof/about,putoff,keepon,insiston,begoodat,giveup等后常接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。如：

Ihavebeenusedtolivinghere. I’mfondofcollectingstampsandcoins.103.need,require,want作“需要”解時(shí),后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ),主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義,相當(dāng)于tobedone。如：

Theradioneeds/requires/wantsrepairing/toberepaired.11常跟動(dòng)詞ing作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞歌訣:考慮建議盼原諒，承認(rèn)推遲沒(méi)得想，避免錯(cuò)過(guò)繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成停欣賞，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡，不準(zhǔn)冒險(xiǎn)憑想象。consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse,pardonadmit,delay/putoff,fancyavoid,miss,keep/keepon,practisedeny,finish,stop,enjoy/appreciatecan’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape

forbid,risk,imagine12[注意]動(dòng)詞-ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是指在動(dòng)詞-ing形式前面加上邏輯主語(yǔ)來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，該邏輯主語(yǔ)常為形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格；當(dāng)邏輯主語(yǔ)不出現(xiàn)在句首時(shí)，可用人稱代詞的賓格代替形容詞性物主代詞或用名詞普通格代替名詞的所有格。如：I’mannoyedaboutJohn’sforgettingtopay.Ireallycan’tunderstandyoutreatingherlikethat.132.動(dòng)詞-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面加not，帶有邏輯主語(yǔ)時(shí)not應(yīng)在動(dòng)詞-ing形式之前。如：

Notcleaninghisteethmadehimsmellbad. Yourschoolmate’snotcominghomeintimemadeherparentsworried.14需要注意的問(wèn)題：以下的動(dòng)詞后面加動(dòng)詞的不定式作賓語(yǔ)：decide,hope,expect,seem,agree,afford,arrange,choose,offer,plan,promise,determine,demand,manage,fail,prepare,refuse,pretend15常跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞歌訣：三個(gè)希望兩答應(yīng)，兩個(gè)要求莫拒絕,設(shè)法學(xué)會(huì)做決定,不要假裝在選擇。hope;wish;want;agree;promisedemand;ask;refusemanage;learn;decidepretend;choose16想要拒絕命令，需要努力學(xué)習(xí),期望同意幫助，希望決定開(kāi)始。want;refuse;orderneed;try;learnexpect;agree;helphope;wish;decide;begin;start17以下的動(dòng)詞后面既可接動(dòng)詞的不定式又可以接動(dòng)詞的ing作賓語(yǔ)：hate,love,prefer,remember,forget,regret,like,try,stop,begin,start18既跟動(dòng)詞-ing又接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞歌訣:雙方一旦開(kāi)始，不論喜歡討厭，都得繼續(xù)下去。不管記住與否，努力打算停止，后悔三個(gè)需要。begin,start,like,prefer,hate,dislike,continueremember,forget,try,mean,stop,regret,want,need,require19從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。1.It’snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview.____theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp. A.TohavehadB.Havinghad C.Have D.HavingD202.Theparentssuggested____inthehotelroombuttheirkidswereanxioustocampoutduringthetrip. A.sleepB.tosleep C.sleepingD.havingsleptC213.HowIregret____somuchtimeinthenetbar!Ishouldhavestudiedharder. A.towasteB.wasting C.wasted D.beingwastedB22高考鏈接1.Lydiadoesn’tfeellike_____abroad.Herparentsareold.A.study B.studying C.studied D.tostudy232.Planningsofarahead_____nosense—somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.A.made B.ismaking C.makes D.hasmade24Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingthe–ingformasthesubject.Example:Itisnecessarytogetwaterfromwettodryplaces.—Gettingwaterfromwettodryplacesisnecessary.251.Itisnicetohelppeopleinneedofhelp.Helpingpeopleinneedofhelpisnice.2.Itisnoteasytogrowsuperhybridrice.Growingsuperhybridriceisnoteasy.3.Itisnotdifficulttolearnmoreaboutfarming.Learningmoreaboutfarmingisnotdifficult.264.Inthecountrysideitisnotaseasytodoresearchasinthecity.Doingresearchinthecountrysideisnotaseasyasinthecity.5.TogetridofhungerisveryimportantforsomeAfricancountries.GettingridofhungerisveryimportantforsomeAfricancountries.276.Itisimportanttoexplainthisagainorwewillconfusethestudents.Explainingthisagainisimportantorwewillconfusethestudents.28Whichverbsarefollowedby–ing?Whichbytheinfinitive?Firstwritedoingortodooverthecorrectgroup.Thenwritetheverbsintheboxinthecorrectcolumnsandfinallypra