宜賓專版2024中考英語二輪復(fù)習第二部分語法專題突破篇專題十一主謂一致講與練

PAGEPAGE52024（宜賓）中考英語語法：主謂一樣講與練專題十一主謂一樣真題試做(B)1.(2024宜賓中考改編)Twomonths______alongtime.Wecanvisitourgrandparentsduringthevacation.A.amB.isC.areD.were(B)2.(江西中考)Thewater______darkanddirty.It'snolongersafetodrink.A.becameB.hasbecomeC.willbecomeD.wasbecoming(A)3.(南充中考)Thenumberofthevolunteers______100now.Andasmallnumberofthem______alreadygonetotheworkplace.A.is；haveB.are；haveC.is；areD.is；has(C)4.(新疆中考)There______somemilkandapplesinthefridge.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are(C)5.(長春中考)There______twodictionariesonthebookcase.Youcanuseeitherofthem.A.isB.wasC.areD.be考向歸結(jié)在中考中,主要通過單項選擇或完形填空的形式考查謂語動詞與人稱和數(shù)的一樣,主要體現(xiàn)在therebe句型和就近原則上。考點突破主謂一樣,分三個方面：語法一樣原則、意義一樣原則和鄰近一樣原則。1.語法一樣原則主語和謂語通常在語法形式上取得一樣,即主語是單數(shù)形式,謂語動詞用相應(yīng)的單數(shù)形式；主語為復(fù)數(shù)形式,謂語動詞用相應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)形式。(1)當and和both…and…連接名詞作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：TomandIaregoodstudents.湯姆和我是好學生。(2)不定代詞either,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everybody,everything,nobody,noone,nothing等作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Thereissomethingwrongwithmybicycle.我的自行車出問題了。(3)由each,each…andeach…,every…andevery…作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Eachboyandeachgirlwasgivenanewbook.每個男生和女生都被給了一本新書。(4)主語后接有with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,nolessthan,ratherthan,including,besides,like,except,but等詞或短語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由主語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式確定。如：Mr.GreenwithhiswifeandtwochildrenisleavingforBeijing.格林先生和他的老婆及兩個孩子將動身去北京。Alltheteachers,includingMissLiaregoingtoattendameeting.全部的老師包括李小姐都要去開會。(5)anumberof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；thenumberof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Anumberoftreeswerecutdownlastyear.去年許多樹被砍倒了。Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis41.我們班上的學生人數(shù)是41。(6)“alotof(lotsof,plentyof,apileof,mostof)＋名詞”和“分數(shù)或百分數(shù)＋名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于名詞本身的單復(fù)數(shù),即名詞為不行數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；名詞為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞用對應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Seventypercentoftheearth'ssurfaceiscoveredwithwater.地球表面70%都是水。Twofifthsofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.我們班五分之二的學生是女生。(7)由“apairof,akindof＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；“pairsof,kindsof＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Thiskindofcomputerispopularwithstudents.這種類型的電腦受學生歡迎。Thesekindsofcomputersarepopularwithmanystudents.這些種類的電腦受學生歡迎。(8)某些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞：clothes,trousers,shorts,pants,shoes,gloves等作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Myshoeswerewornout.我的鞋子穿壞了。(9)不定式或動名詞形式作主語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)與主語的數(shù)保持一樣。如：Readingislearning.閱讀就是在學習。Readingandwritingaregoodstudyingmethods.閱讀與寫作是好的學習方法。2.意義一樣原則意義一樣原則也可作概念一樣原則,即謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是復(fù)數(shù)形式主要看主語所表達的概念。(1)由and連接的兩個名詞作主語時,假如指統(tǒng)一概念(即and后面無冠詞),則謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Theteacherandwriteriscomingtogiveusareportnextweek.那位老師兼作家將于下周給我們作報告。(2)表示金錢、價格、時間、長度等復(fù)數(shù)名詞、詞組作主語時,一般被看作一個整體,謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。如：Tenkilometersisalongdistance.10千米是很長一段距離。(3)集體名詞family,team,crowd,company,class,group,government等假如表示集體成員,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；假如它們作為一個集體單位時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如：HisfamilyisgoingtomovetoHongKong.他將舉家搬遷到香港。Hisfamilyareveryfriendly.他的家人都很友好。(4)people,police等集合名詞作主語時,謂語動詞也要用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Thepolicearehelpingthelostchildfindhishome.警察正在幫助迷路的小孩找家。(5)“the＋姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”意為“……的一家或……夫婦”。作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：TheSmithslikeblueberrycakes.史密斯一家喜愛藍莓蛋糕。3.鄰近一樣原則有時謂語動詞的形式與主語并不一樣,而是與靠近它的名詞一樣,這種原則叫做鄰近一樣原則,又名就近原則。(1)由either…or…,neither…nor…,notonly…but(also)…,not…but…或or連接兩個并列主語時,謂語動詞與較近的主語在數(shù)上保持一樣。如：NotonlymyparentsbutalsoIaminterestedinTheReaders.不僅是我父母,我也對《朗讀者》感愛好。(2)Therebe…和Herebe…這兩個句式中的be動詞常與鄰近的主語在數(shù)上保持一樣。如：TherearetwochairsandatableinMike'sroom.邁克的房間里有兩把椅子和一張桌子。小試牛刀(B)1.UncleLiang______inHaikousince1980,soheknowsalotaboutthecity.A.islivingB.haslivedC.livedD.wasliving(A)2.Running______agoodwaytoexerciseeveryday.A.isB.wasC.areD.were(B)3.______thereanyriceinthebag?A.HasB.IsC.AreD.Were(C)4.—Whatwouldyouliketohaveforsupper,Jack?—Eithernoodlesorrice______OK.Idon'tmind.A.areB.wereC.isD.be(C)5.Thewinterholidayiscoming,sothetwinsaswellasAlex______toSanyaforvacation.A.isgoingB.goesC.aregoingD.went(B)6.Thepairoftrousers______me.A.fitB.fitsC.willfitD.havefitted(A)7.—Doyouneedmoretimetocompletethetask?—Yes.Anothertenminutes______enough.A.isB.wasC.areD.were(C)8.There______lotsofsheepandpigsonmyuncle'sfarmnow.A.wereB.isC.areD.was(C)9.—Myauntsaidshecalledyouyesterdaymorning,buttherewasnoanswer.—Oh,myhus