裝配式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)Characteristicsofpre

裝配式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)Characteristicsofprefabricatedsteelstructures裝配式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)是天然的裝配式建筑，具有綠色建筑的特征，廢鋼可以重新冶煉成鋼材，因此，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑被譽(yù)為“綠色建筑”。Steelstructureisanaturalprefabricatedbuilding,whichhasthecharacteristicsofgreenbuilding.Scrapsteelcanberesmeltedintosteel.Therefore,steelstructurebuildingsareknownas"greenbuildings".裝配式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)有什么特點(diǎn)呢？裝配式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)CharacteristicsofprefabricatedsteelstructuresWhatarethecharacteristicsofprefabricatedsteelstructures?鋼結(jié)構(gòu)工程的優(yōu)點(diǎn)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)工程的缺點(diǎn)Advantagesofsteelstructuralengineering

Disadvantagesofsteelstructuralengineering鋼結(jié)構(gòu)工程的優(yōu)點(diǎn)Advantagesofsteelstructuralengineering鋼結(jié)構(gòu)鋼板熱軋型鋼冷加工成型的薄壁型鋼連接、制造、組裝而成鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

AdvantagesofSteelStructuressteelstructuresteelplatehot-rolledsectionColdformedThin-walledsteelConnected,manufactured,assembled輕質(zhì)高強(qiáng)鋼材的強(qiáng)度與重力密度之比，比混凝土要高得多。例如Q355的鋼，屈服強(qiáng)度355MPa，重力密度是7800Kg/m3，而常用的C30混凝土2500kg/m3，強(qiáng)度只有30MPa，相比之下鋼材的強(qiáng)度與重力密度之比是混凝土的3倍多。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

AdvantagesofSteelStructuresTheratioofstrengthtogravitydensityofsteelismuchhigherthanthatofconcrete.(3timesormore)

Lightweightandhigh-strengthForexample,Q355steelhasayieldstrengthof355MPaandagravitydensityof7800Kg/m3，AndcommonlyusedC30concrete2500kg/m3，Thestrengthisonly30MPa,comparedtotheratioofsteelstrengthtogravitydensity,whichismorethanthreetimesthatofconcrete.在同樣的受力條件下，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)用材料更少，自重輕。鋼屋架質(zhì)量不超過(guò)鋼筋混凝土屋架的1/4~1/3鋼材的強(qiáng)度與重力密度之比，比混凝土要高得多。（3倍以上）輕質(zhì)高強(qiáng)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

AdvantagesofSteelStructures

Lightweightandhigh-strength

Theratioofstrengthtogravitydensityofsteelismuchhigherthanthatofconcrete.(3timesormore)Underthesamestressconditions,steelstructuresusefewermaterialsandhavealighterselfweight.Thequalityofsteelrooftrussshallnotexceed1/4~1/3ofthatofreinforcedconcreterooftruss鋼結(jié)構(gòu)塑性、韌性好變形處理鋼材良好的塑性，使結(jié)構(gòu)在一般情況下不會(huì)因超載而突然斷裂，在破壞前變形增大，有明顯征兆，易于補(bǔ)救。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

AdvantagesofSteelStructuresGoodplasticityandtoughnessofsteelstructuresThegoodplasticityofsteelensuresthatthestructurewillnotsuddenlybreakduetooverloadundernormalcircumstances,andthedeformationincreasesbeforefailure,withobvioussignsandeasytoremedy.鋼結(jié)構(gòu)韌性好，對(duì)動(dòng)力荷載的適應(yīng)力強(qiáng)。鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)在地震中整體倒塌高層建筑鋼柱在地震中拼接焊縫斷裂鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)塑性、韌性好

AdvantagesofSteelStructuresGoodplasticityandtoughnessofsteelstructuresThesteelstructurehasgoodtoughnessandstrongadaptabilitytodynamicloads.OverallcollapseofreinforcedconcretestructuresduringearthquakesSplicingweldseamfractureofsteelcolumnsinhigh-risebuildingsduringearthquakes鋼結(jié)構(gòu)節(jié)點(diǎn)材質(zhì)均勻，和力學(xué)的假定比較符合鋼結(jié)構(gòu)組織均勻，接近各向同性勻質(zhì)體。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的實(shí)際工作性能比較符合目前采用的理論計(jì)算結(jié)果，因此，可靠性高。實(shí)際工作性能≈

理論計(jì)算模型鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

AdvantagesofSteelStructuresThematerialisuniformandconsistentwiththeassumptionsofmechanicsThesteelstructureisuniformlyorganizedandnearlyisotropichomogeneous.Theactualworkingperformanceofthesteelstructureisinlinewiththetheoreticalcalculationresultscurrentlyused,therefore,ithashighreliabilityActualworkingperformancetheoreticalmodelingsteeljoint抗震性能優(yōu)越鋼結(jié)構(gòu)自重輕和結(jié)構(gòu)體系相對(duì)較柔，所以受到地震的作用較小。又具有較高的抗拉和抗壓強(qiáng)度以及較好的塑性和韌性，故抗震性能優(yōu)越。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

AdvantagesofSteelStructuresSuperiorseismicperformanceThesteelstructurehasalightweightandarelativelyflexiblestructuralsystem,soitislessaffectedbyearthquakes.Italsohashightensileandcompressivestrength,aswellasgoodplasticityandtoughness,soitsseismicperformanceissuperior工業(yè)化程度高——良好的加工性能和焊接性能，易于工廠(chǎng)化生產(chǎn)，施工周期短、效率高、質(zhì)量好。工廠(chǎng)制作鋼構(gòu)件運(yùn)輸現(xiàn)場(chǎng)吊裝鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

AdvantagesofSteelStructuresHighdegreeofindustrialization-goodprocessingandweldingperformance,easyfactoryproduction,shortconstructioncycle,highefficiency,andgoodqualityFactoryproductionTransportationofsteelcomponentsOnsitelifting鋼材本身組織致密，焊接的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)可以做到完全密閉，具有良好的氣密性和水密性。西氣東輸密封性好能夠滿(mǎn)足一些要求氣密性和水密性好的高壓容器、大型油庫(kù)、氣柜油罐和管道等的要求。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

AdvantagesofSteelStructuresGoodsealingperformanceThesteelitselfhasadensestructure,andtheweldedsteelstructurecanachievecompletesealing,withgoodairandwatertightness.Itcanmeettherequirementsofhigh-pressurevessels,largeoildepots,gastanks,oiltanks,andpipelinesthatrequiregoodairandwatertightness.West-EastGasTransmission鋼結(jié)構(gòu)節(jié)能、環(huán)保鋼結(jié)構(gòu)墻體采用新型輕質(zhì)復(fù)合墻板鋼結(jié)構(gòu)房屋的墻體多采用新型輕質(zhì)復(fù)合墻板或輕質(zhì)砌塊，樓（屋）面采用復(fù)合樓板，符合建筑節(jié)能和環(huán)保的要求。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

AdvantagesofSteelStructuresEnergysavingandenvironmentalprotectionofsteelstructuresThewallsofsteelstructurehousesoftenusenewlightweightcompositewallpanelsorlightweightblocks,andthefloor(roof)surfaceusescompositefloors,whichmeettherequirementsofbuildingenergyconservationandenvironmentalprotectionThesteelstructurewalladoptsanewtypeoflightweightcompositewallpanel鋼結(jié)構(gòu)節(jié)能、環(huán)保美國(guó)911世貿(mào)中心廢墟鋼材建成的美國(guó)紐約號(hào)軍艦鋼結(jié)構(gòu)加工制造過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的余料和碎屑,以及廢棄和破壞了的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)或構(gòu)件,均可回爐重新冶煉成鋼材重復(fù)使用。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

AdvantagesofSteelStructuresEnergysavingandenvironmentalprotectionofsteelstructuresSurplusmaterialsanddebrisgeneratedduringthemanufacturingprocessofsteelstructures,aswellasabandonedanddamagedsteelstructuresorcomponents,canbereturnedtothefurnaceforresmeltingintosteelforreuseTheUSSNewYork,builtfromsteelfromtheruinsoftheWorldTradeCenteronSeptember11th,USA鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的施工方式為干式施工可避免混凝土濕式施工所造成的環(huán)境污染。鋼材被稱(chēng)為綠色建筑材料或可持續(xù)發(fā)展的材料。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

AdvantagesofSteelStructuresTheconstructionmethodofsteelstructureisdryconstructionAvoidingenvironmentalpollutioncausedbywetconcreteconstructionSteelisknownasgreenbuildingmaterialsorsustainabledevelopmentmaterials鋼結(jié)構(gòu)工程的缺點(diǎn)Disadvantagesofsteelstructuralengineering耐腐蝕性差在沒(méi)有腐蝕性介質(zhì)的一般環(huán)境中，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)除銹后再涂上合格的防腐涂料后，銹蝕問(wèn)題并不嚴(yán)重。但在潮濕和有腐蝕性介質(zhì)的環(huán)境中，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)容易銹蝕，需要定期維護(hù)，這就增加了維護(hù)費(fèi)用。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的缺點(diǎn)PoorcorrosionresistanceDisadvantagesofSteelStructuresInageneralenvironmentwithoutcorrosivemedia,thecorrosionproblemofsteel

structuresisnotseriousafterrustremovalandapplyingqualifiedanti-corrosioncoatings.However,inhumidandcorrosiveenvironments,steelstructuresarepronetorustingandrequireregularmaintenance,whichincreasesmaintenancecosts.南京大勝關(guān)長(zhǎng)江大橋特選用雙峰HDPE護(hù)套,及在拉索內(nèi)填充具有水汽隔絕,阻蝕防腐和潤(rùn)滑抗磨雙重作用的防腐填充物。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的缺點(diǎn)耐腐蝕性差DisadvantagesofSteelStructuresPoorcorrosionresistanceSpeciallyselectedbimodalHDPEsheathandfilledwithanti-corrosionfillingmaterialwithdualfunctionsofwatervaporinsulation,corrosionresistance,corrosionprevention,andlubricationandwearresistanceinthecableNanjingDashengguanYangtzeRiverBridge南京大勝關(guān)長(zhǎng)江大橋我國(guó)已研究生產(chǎn)出耐腐蝕鋼并應(yīng)用于工程結(jié)構(gòu)。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的缺點(diǎn)耐腐蝕性差PoorcorrosionresistanceChinahasresearchedandproducedcorrosion-resistantsteelandappliedittoengineeringstructuresNanjingDashengguanYangtzeRiverBridge耐火性差2001年9月11日年美國(guó)世貿(mào)中心大樓鋼材雖為非燃燒體，但當(dāng)溫度達(dá)到300℃以上時(shí),強(qiáng)度逐漸下降，達(dá)到600℃時(shí),強(qiáng)度幾乎為零。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的缺點(diǎn)DisadvantagesofSteelStructuresPoorfireresistanceAlthoughsteelisanoncombustiblematerial,itsstrengthgraduallydecreaseswhenthetemperaturereaches300℃orabove,andreachesalmostzerowhenthetemperaturereaches600℃.September11,2001,WorldTradeCenterBuilding,USA低溫脆裂碳鋼的塑性隨溫度的變化曲線(xiàn)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)在低溫條件下，可能發(fā)生脆性斷裂。負(fù)溫度區(qū)，鋼材的塑性隨溫度降低而變差。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的缺點(diǎn)DisadvantagesofSteelStructuresLow-temperatureembrittlementSteelstructuresmayundergobrittlefractureunderlowtemperatureconditionsInthenegativetemperatureregion,theplasticityofsteelbecomesworsewiththetemperaturedecreasing.Temperaturedependentplasticitycurveofcarbonsteel低溫脆裂泰坦尼克號(hào)沉船事故鋼材的冷脆性，即在-40℃~0℃的溫度下，鋼材的力學(xué)行為由韌性變成脆性，從而導(dǎo)致災(zāi)難性的脆性斷裂。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的缺點(diǎn)DisadvantagesofSteelStructuresLow-temperatureembrittlementThecoldbrittlenessofsteelreferstothemechanicalbehaviorofsteelchangingfromtoughnesstobrittlenessattemperaturesrangingfrom-40℃to0℃,leadingtocatastrophicbrittlefracture.Titanicsinkingaccident裝配式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)優(yōu)點(diǎn)輕快好省輕質(zhì)高強(qiáng)（跨越更大跨度，承受更大荷載；工業(yè)化程度高（結(jié)構(gòu)體系化、工廠(chǎng)化、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、模數(shù)化），工期短（工廠(chǎng)化生產(chǎn)：自動(dòng)化、機(jī)械化；現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械安裝)；材性好；抗震性能好；密封性好；耐熱性好；耐久性好；易于拆裝；可回收再利用；節(jié)能、節(jié)材、節(jié)水、節(jié)地取材，對(duì)環(huán)境破壞小，材料可重復(fù)使用，屬于生態(tài)建筑。缺點(diǎn)易腐蝕不耐火需定期維護(hù)，增加了維護(hù)費(fèi)用；低溫脆性斷裂有特殊防火要求時(shí)需要有保護(hù)措施；嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)要特別注意。DisadvantagesofSteelStructuresadvantagedisadvantageeasycorrosionNonfirer