2024-2025學(xué)年下學(xué)期高中英語選修四第一單元B卷

第26頁（共26頁）選修四Unit1B卷一．完形填空（共1小題）1．（2022春?濱海縣校級月考）Whatwillthefuturebelike？Goodorbad？Alotofscience﹣fictionwritingimaginesadarkand（1）world.PlanetoftheApesshowsa（2）futureforhumankind.There'sawordto（3）thekindoffutureworldwhichoftenappearsinsciencefiction：dystopia，a（n）（4）unpleasantorbadplace.The（5）isutopia.Butdoestomorrow'sworldhavetobesodisappointing？No.Anewprojectwantstousethepowerofsciencefictionto（6）abetterfuture.The（7）ofProjectHieroglyphistobringtogetherwriters，scientists，engineersandartiststocreateoptimisticstoriesabouta（8）societyinthenext50years.It's（9）tocreateadystopiathanwriteafeel﹣goodstory.There'smoreconflictinaworldfullofproblems，andstoriesareinterestingwhentherearealotofproblemstosolve.No（10），nostory!Buttheprojectproducedabookwithsome（11）plots.Oneofthemisaboutenvironmentalistswhofightto（12）buildingthefirsthotelinthe（13）areas.Butwillthesestoriesactuallychangeanythingor（14）keepusentertained？Agoodscience﹣fictionstorycanbe（15）.Itis（16）toseethatstoriescaninspirehundreds，thousands，millionsofpeopleto（17）somethingthattheywanttodo.Theinfluenceofsciencefictionhasalreadybeenwell（18）inmodernresearch.Whyarepeopleworkingon（19）clothes？Well，it'sHarryPotter，right？Timewilltellhowfarwecango.Let'sdreambigandthink（20）thebox.（1）A．elegantB．splendidC．dynamicD．scary（2）A．potentialB．wonderfulC．miserableD．dynamic（3）A．improveB．describeC．compriseD．develop（4）A．imaginedB．a(chǎn)rguedC．realizedD．recognized（5）A．originalB．oppositeC．a(chǎn)lternativeD．a(chǎn)cceptable（6）A．extendB．unfoldC．sustainD．occupy（7）A．a(chǎn)dvantageB．resultC．motiveD．maintenance（8）A．harmoniousB．permanentC．messyD．conventional（9）A．funnierB．harderC．newerD．easier（10）A．challengeB．missionC．welfareD．surprise（11）A．disgustingB．frighteningC．demandingD．promising（12）A．riskB．delayC．stopD．bother（13）A．highB．polarC．crowdedD．remote（14）A．merelyB．intentlyC．frequentlyD．incredibly（15）A．a(chǎn)bnormalB．a(chǎn)rtificialC．constantD．mighty（16）A．gradualB．plainC．vitalD．vague（17）A．castnewlightonB．maketheirwaytoC．gatheraroundD．beatdown（18）A．neglectedB．deniedC．exposedD．evaluated（19）A．invisibilityB．surroundingsC．exposureD．a(chǎn)bsence（20）A．insideB．besideC．outsideD．beneath二．閱讀理解（共2小題）2．（2023秋?晉中期末）Imagineflyingoverthecityinanelectric﹣poweredaircraftthathasnopilotbutcantakeyoufrompointAtopointBinminutes.Soundslikesciencefiction.right？Well，notanymore.China﹣basedEhanghasbecometheworld'sfirstcompanytobeofficiallyallowedtoflypassengersinitspilotlessairtaxis.Ehang'sairtaxiscancarryuptotwopassengersandcanflyatspeedsofupto130km/handdistancesofupto28km.Passengerscansimplyselecttheirdestination（目的地）onatouchscreeninsidethecabinandenjoytheridewithoutworryingaboutpilotingtheaircraft.Thetaxisdonotrequireairportsorrunways.Theycantakeoffandlandvertically（垂直地）fromanyflatsurface，suchasarooftop，parkorcarpark.Theycanbefullychargedintwohoursandhavelownoiselevels.Theyalsohavesomenecessarythings，suchasbackupbatteries，propellers，emergencylandingsystemsandparachutesincaseanythinggoeswrong.Theycouldchangehowwetravelaroundbigcities—imagineusingthemtoavoidtrafficjams，savetimetoworkorschool，orgettoplacesthatarehardtoreachbycarorpublictransport.Andbeyondjustmovingpeople，theaircraftcanbeusedfordeliveringgoods，suchaspackages，medicalsuppliesorfood.Duringnaturaldisasterssuchasbushfiresorfoods，airtaxiscouldtransportmuch﹣neededmedicalstaff，equipmentormedicinestothescenequicklyandsafely.Ehang'sairtaxisneedtofollowthelawsandrulesofdifferentcountriesandregionswheretheymightoperate.Onebigchallengewillbegainingthetrustofthepublicandpersuadingpassengerstheyaresafewhileflying.Todothis，Ehangwilleducatepassengersaboutthebenefitsandrisksofusingitstaxiswhilealsodealingwithpossibleproblems.（1）Whyissciencefictionmentionedinthefirstparagraph？A.Toproveairtaxisarenotreal.B.Toshowairtaxisareadvanced.C.Toexpresspeople'sloveforairtaxis.D.Toprovidescientificfactsaboutairtaxis!（2）Whichisanadvantageofairtaxis？A.Theyarelessnoisy.B.Theyuselessenergy.C.Theycanlandanywhere.D.Theyarelessexpensive.（3）Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytellusaboutairtaxis？A.Theirpossibleproblems.B.Theirwidepopularity.C.Theirkeyfunctions.D.Theirsimpledesign.（4）What'sthepassengers'mainconcernoverairtaxis？A.Price.B.Speed.C.Management.D.Safety.3．（2022秋?定遠(yuǎn)縣校級期末）Paying﹩25，000togetyourpetclonedmightsoundattractive，ifyouhavethemoneyandcan'timaginelifewithoutyourpet.Therearetwocompaniesnowthatcancloneyourpet：ViaGenandSooamBiotech.Labtechstherewillcloneyourpetusingaprocesscalledsomaticcellnucleartransfer（體細(xì)胞核移植），thesamemethodusedtocloneDollythesheepin1996.Thisinvolvesremovingthenucleusfromafemale'sdevelopingeggcellandreplacingitwiththenucleusfromacellfromtheanimalyouwanttoclone.Thenewcellisthenstimulated（刺激）withanelectricshocktomakeitdivideandthenimplantedintoahostorganism（有機(jī)體）.Thedecisiontocloneyourpethastotakeplacewhilethey'restillalive.Youneedtosignupwiththecompanyandtakeyourpettothevetsotheycanharvestsomecells.Then，forbetween﹩1﹣2000，thecompanywillstorethecells.Evenifyoudecidetostop，there'snorefundforthestorage.Ifyoudecidetohaveyourpetcloned，you'llpayamuchlargerdeposittoperformthecelltransferandimplantthecellsintoahostanimal.What'smostimportanttoconsumersistheproduct.Yourcloneisatwinofyourformerpet，butitwon'tnecessarilylookoractliketheoriginal.Theymayhavedifferentcolorsandyoudon'tgetyourmoneyback.EventhecompaniesadmittedinNewYorkTimes"Youcanclonethelookofadog，butyoucan'tclonethesoul."（1）WhydidtheauthormentionDollythesheep？A．Toensurethesafetyofcloning.B．Toshowthatitiseasytoclonesheep.C．Toprovethetechnologyhasalonghistory.D．Totellreadersthemethodusedtoclonetheirpets.（2）Whatcanweknowaboutcloningapet？A．Yourpetcanbebroughtbacktolife.B．Thechargeofpetcloningis﹩1﹣2000.C．Yournewpetwillhaveaparentwhencloned.D．Thecompanywillrefundyouifyougiveuphalfway.（3）Whatdothecompanies'wordsinthelastparagraphmean？A．Cloningisamoralissue.B．Thefutureofcloningisunclear.C．Thetechnologyofcloningisnotperfect.D．Yonwon'tgettheexactcopyoftheformerone.（4）Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom？A．Atravelguide.B．Anewspaper.C．Asciencefiction.D．Atextbook.三．信息匹配（共1小題）4．（2022春?濱?？h校級月考）Whatifwehadthepowertocontroltime，insteadofmovingfromthepasttothepresenttothefuture？Whatifwecouldjump，loopandtravelthroughtimeinamachine？（1）Thisabilitywouldallowustowitnesshistoricwonders，changedecisionsandseepeoplefromthepast.（2）.Themysteriouspuzzleoftimehaskeptpeopledebatingitsnatureforhundredsofyears.Sciencefictionwritershaveturneditintoimaginativestories.Somescientistshaveevenattemptedtoexplainitusingmath.Thismythtriestomakethedreamoftimetravelcometrue.（3）.Hecalledit"spacetime".Einsteinsaidthattherearethreedimensionsinspace：height，widthanddepth.AscientistnamedHermannMinkowskiaddedtimeasafourthdimension.Einsteinintroducedtwoideasthathaveledtotheoriesaboutthepossibilityoftimetravel.Thefirstisrelativity.Theideaofrelativityisthattheforceofgravitycausesspacetobend，whichcausestimetotwist.（4）.Theideaisthatatravelermovingsuper﹣fastthroughflatspacetimewillenterthefuture.Einsteinconsideredtime"relative"becauseitismeasuredbasedonwhereweareonEarthorinspace.StephenHawkingisafamousscientist.Hebelievesthatatimemachinewillneverbebuilt.Ifitwerepossible，hethinkswewouldalreadyknow.Ifatimemachinecouldbebuilt，howcomenoonefromthefuturehasinvadedus？ThefirstsciencefictionstorywiththisthemeisTheClockThatWentBackwardbyEdwardP.Mitchell，whichwaspublishedin1881.（5），inwhichsometoolssuchasphones，watches，photographsandoldbookstaketravellersbackwardandforward.Willtimetraveleverhappen？Whoknows？Mostimportantistokeepyoureyesopenandhaveasenseofwonder.A.ThesecondideafocusesonspecialrelativityB.WecouldrightwrongsandstopwarsfromstartingC.ThelawsofnaturegoverningtheuniverseimplydifferentpossibilitiesfortimetravelD.WhatifwecouldgowhereverandwheneverwepleasedE.ThescientistAlbertEinsteinsaidthattimeandspaceareonethingF.Beforethetwentiethcentury，scientistsandphilosophersrarelyinvestigatedtimetravelG.Sincethen，thousandsofbooks，filmsandtelevisionshowshaveexploredtheideaoftimetravel四．選詞填空（共1小題）5．bytheway，besidethepoint，takeover，beadaptedinto，remind…of，ontheotherhand，prosandcons，superiorto（1）Wasitin1948thatthegovernmenttherailwaysinGreatBritain？（2）Theysatforhoursdebatingtheofsettinguptheirownfirm.（3）Itcannotbequestionedthatthenewmethodistheoldone.（4）ThenovelaTVseriesandbecameanationalhottopicforquitesometime.（5），howlonghaveyoubeenacameraman？（6）Tobuildanotherskyscraperinthecityis.（7）Shesimplywelcomedhimandhimthelasttimetheyhadmet.（8）Ontheonehand，weshoulddevelopoureconomy；，weshouldprotecttheenvironment.五．語法填空（共1小題）6．（2023春?肇慶校級期中）JamesCameronwasbornin1954.Asciencefictionfanasachild，hegrewuptobecomeoneofthemostoutstandingfilm﹣makersinHollywood.AtfirsthestudiedphysicsatCaliforniaStateUniversity，（1）helefttofollowhiscinematicdream.Whenhewasworking（2）atruckdriver，Cameronwouldstopthetruckbythesideoftheroadtoworkonscreenplays，which（3）（contribute）tohissuccess.In1978，CameronmadehisfirstfilmcalledXenogenesis.ThefilmhelpedhimgetajobwithNewWorldPictures，acompanyrunby（4）（know）B﹣moviedirectorRogerCorman.Yearslater，CameronbeganhismasterpieceTitanic，amovieaboutunluckylovers（5）（trap）aboardtheTitanicoceanliner.Titaniceventuallybecame（6）firstfilmtoearnnominations（提名）.Forhisworkonthefilm，hetookhomethreeOscars.Eventhoughhe（7）（win）countlessawards，hestilltrieshardtobeadirectortrulycommittedtohiswork.Perhapsthatisthereasonwhyheissofamous（8）（global）.Hecancreatenewkindsoffilmsandtakeour（9）（imagine）toplaces（10）wehaveneverbeenbefore.六．句型轉(zhuǎn)換（共5小題）7．OurEnglishteachercaughthimcheatingintheexamination.→byourEnglishteacherintheexamination.8．Thereporterhurriedtotheairport，buttheytoldhimthatthefilmstarhadleft.Thereporterhurriedtotheairport，butthatthefilmstarhadleft.9．（2023春?高州市校級期中）Whentheycompletethestadium，itwillbeoneofthelargestinthecity.Whenit，thestadiumwillbeoneofthelargestinthecity.10．Peoplebelievethatifabookisinteresting，itwillsurelyinterestthereaders.Itthatifabookisinteresting，itwillsurelyinterestthereaders.11．PeoplesaythatMaryShelleyisoneofthefirstfictionwritersinEnglishliterature.→MaryShelleyisoneofthefirstfictionwritersinEnglishliterature.七．書面表達(dá)（共1小題）12．閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事．Dadhadleftaround6：45pmthiseveningforalatemeetinginhisoffice．MomandRiyahadgonetoMohaliforRiya'sSpellBeeCompetition．Grannywasbusywithherscripturesonthegroundfloor．Besidehersittingonadivanwasme，readinganovel．IwasreadingthelastpartoftheHarryPotterseries．IhadrecentlycaughttheHarryPotterBug？，andIhadbeenhookedeversince．Allofasudden，astringofstrangeeventstookplace．TherewasapowercutandjustatthatpointoftimeIheardMom'svoice，talkingtoRiya．ButRiya'squizwasabouttostartinafewminutes．Howcoulditbepossible？Confused，Ibookmarkedmynovelandgotup，goingnearmyoldgranny．Iwhisperedtoher，"Didyouhearthat．Granny？""Hearwhat？"sheasked，lookingfromsidetoside．"Mom'svoice，"Ireplied．"Don'tbesilly，littleboy．YouknowverywellthatyourmomandRiyahavegonetoMohaliforherquiz，"shechided（責(zé)備）andwentbacktoherwork．Icouldstillhearvoices，muchloudernow．IlookedatGranny．Sheseemedunaffectedandcarriedonherwork，oblivious（不在意的）tothevoices．Ilookedatthewindow，thesourceofallthesevoices．Thesightoutsidethewindowpuzzledmemore．Hoveringinmidairwasawhiteballofpurelight．Itseemedthatitwastheballwhichwasemittingthevoices．IrememberedRonaldWeasleyandhisadventureswithDumbledore'sDeluminator．Butitwasinthebook，andthebookbeingcompletelyfiction，itsexistencewasimpossible．Buthereitwas，glaringatme．Lookingaroundtoseeifanyonewaswatching，Ibeganextendingmyhandtowardit．IfitwasthesameballIwasthinkingabout，thenitwouldtransportmeto…Allofasudden，asmyfingersmadecontactwiththeball，mywholebodygotsuckedintoit．Mybodytwistedandtwirled，andmymindwhizzedandwhirled．Allaroundmewaspurelight．Itwasthesame，Ithought，asasmilespreadonmyface．注意：1．所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．至少使用5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；3．續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；4．續(xù)寫完成后，請用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語．Paragraph1Outofnowhere，Iwasdroppedintoaseatofwhatlookedlikeaschool'sauditorium．Paragraph2AsIreachedhome，IenteredandtoldGrannythatRiyawonherquizandwouldbegettingtheaward．

選修四Unit1B卷參考答案與試題解析一．完形填空（共1小題）1．（2022春?濱?？h校級月考）Whatwillthefuturebelike？Goodorbad？Alotofscience﹣fictionwritingimaginesadarkand（1）Dworld.PlanetoftheApesshowsa（2）Cfutureforhumankind.There'sawordto（3）Bthekindoffutureworldwhichoftenappearsinsciencefiction：dystopia，a（n）（4）Aunpleasantorbadplace.The（5）Bisutopia.Butdoestomorrow'sworldhavetobesodisappointing？No.Anewprojectwantstousethepowerofsciencefictionto（6）Babetterfuture.The（7）CofProjectHieroglyphistobringtogetherwriters，scientists，engineersandartiststocreateoptimisticstoriesabouta（8）Asocietyinthenext50years.It's（9）Dtocreateadystopiathanwriteafeel﹣goodstory.There'smoreconflictinaworldfullofproblems，andstoriesareinterestingwhentherearealotofproblemstosolve.No（10）A，nostory!Buttheprojectproducedabookwithsome（11）Dplots.Oneofthemisaboutenvironmentalistswhofightto（12）Cbuildingthefirsthotelinthe（13）Bareas.Butwillthesestoriesactuallychangeanythingor（14）Akeepusentertained？Agoodscience﹣fictionstorycanbe（15）D.Itis（16）Btoseethatstoriescaninspirehundreds，thousands，millionsofpeopleto（17）Csomethingthattheywanttodo.Theinfluenceofsciencefictionhasalreadybeenwell（18）Dinmodernresearch.Whyarepeopleworkingon（19）Aclothes？Well，it'sHarryPotter，right？Timewilltellhowfarwecango.Let'sdreambigandthink（20）Cthebox.（1）A．elegantB．splendidC．dynamicD．scary（2）A．potentialB．wonderfulC．miserableD．dynamic（3）A．improveB．describeC．compriseD．develop（4）A．imaginedB．a(chǎn)rguedC．realizedD．recognized（5）A．originalB．oppositeC．a(chǎn)lternativeD．a(chǎn)cceptable（6）A．extendB．unfoldC．sustainD．occupy（7）A．a(chǎn)dvantageB．resultC．motiveD．maintenance（8）A．harmoniousB．permanentC．messyD．conventional（9）A．funnierB．harderC．newerD．easier（10）A．challengeB．missionC．welfareD．surprise（11）A．disgustingB．frighteningC．demandingD．promising（12）A．riskB．delayC．stopD．bother（13）A．highB．polarC．crowdedD．remote（14）A．merelyB．intentlyC．frequentlyD．incredibly（15）A．a(chǎn)bnormalB．a(chǎn)rtificialC．constantD．mighty（16）A．gradualB．plainC．vitalD．vague（17）A．castnewlightonB．maketheirwaytoC．gatheraroundD．beatdown（18）A．neglectedB．deniedC．exposedD．evaluated（19）A．invisibilityB．surroundingsC．exposureD．a(chǎn)bsence（20）A．insideB．besideC．outsideD．beneath【答案】（1）﹣（5）DCBAB（6）﹣（10）BCADA（11）﹣（15）DCBAD（16）﹣（20）BCDAC【分析】本文是一篇議論文。主要論述了未來是美好的還是糟糕的，作者并不認(rèn)同當(dāng)前很多科幻小說所描繪的未來，而是認(rèn)為未來有無限可能，我們應(yīng)該大膽夢想，打破常規(guī)?！窘獯稹浚?）D.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.elegant優(yōu)雅的；B.splendid壯麗的；C.dynamic充滿活力的；D.scary駭人的，可怕的。句意：很多科幻小說都想象一個(gè)黑暗而可怕的世界。根據(jù)后文PlanetoftheApesshowsa____futureforhumankind.及并列連詞and后的dark可推斷，科幻小說描述的是一個(gè)黑暗且可怕的世界。故選D。（2）C.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.potential潛在的；B.wonderful絕妙的，極好的；C.miserable痛苦的，悲慘的；D.dynamic充滿活力的。句意：《人猿星球》展現(xiàn)了人類悲慘的未來。根據(jù)上文Alotofscience﹣fictionwritingimaginesadarkand___world.可知，科幻小說里描述的未來是黑暗且可怕的，因此《人猿星球》里展現(xiàn)的人類未來也要與此對應(yīng)，所以是悲慘的未來。故選C。（3）B.考查動詞及語境理解。A.improve提高；B.describe描述；C.comprise包含；D.develop發(fā)展。句意：有一個(gè)詞用來描述科幻小說中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的未來世界：反烏托邦，一個(gè)想象中不愉快或糟糕的地方。根據(jù)后文dystopia，a（n）_____unpleasantorbadplace.可知，dystopia這個(gè)詞是對于科幻小說中的世界的一種描述。故選B。（4）A.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.imagined想象的，幻想的；B.argued爭論的；C.realized已實(shí)現(xiàn)的；D.recognized公認(rèn)的。句意：有一個(gè)詞用來描述科幻小說中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的未來世界：反烏托邦，一個(gè)想象中不愉快或糟糕的地方。根據(jù)前文There'sawordto____thekindoffutureworldwhichoftenappearsinsciencefiction可知，這種不愉快的或糟糕的地方是科幻小說里面想象出來的。故選A。（5）B.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.original起初的，原作的；B.opposite相反的；C.alternative可替代的；D.acceptable可接受的。句意：與之相反的是烏托邦。根據(jù)前文There'sawordto____thekindoffutureworldwhichoftenappearsinsciencefiction：dystopia，a（n）_____unpleasantorbadplace.可知，反烏托邦是一個(gè)不愉快的糟糕的地方；結(jié)合常識可知，烏托邦是一個(gè)過分美好而不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的世界，兩者是相反的。故選B。（6）B.考查動詞及語境理解。A.extend擴(kuò)展；B.unfold打開，呈現(xiàn)；C.sustain維持；D.occupy占據(jù)。句意：一個(gè)新計(jì)劃希望利用科幻小說的力量來展現(xiàn)一個(gè)更美好的未來。根據(jù)后文The_____ofProjectHieroglyphistobringtogetherwriters，scientists，engineersandartiststocreateoptimisticstoriesabouta_____societyinthenext50years.可知，這個(gè)計(jì)劃是向讀者呈現(xiàn)一個(gè)更加積極美好的世界。故選B。（7）C.考查名詞及語境理解。A.advantage優(yōu)勢；B.result結(jié)果；C.motive動機(jī)，目的；D.maintenance維護(hù)。句意：ProjectHieroglyph的目的是將作家、科學(xué)家、工程師和藝術(shù)家聚集在一起，創(chuàng)作關(guān)于未來50年和諧社會的樂觀故事。根據(jù)后文tobringtogetherwriters，scientists，engineersandartiststocreateoptimisticstoriesabouta___societyinthenext50years.中的不定式表目的可知，此處是在說明這個(gè)計(jì)劃的目的。故選C。（8）A.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.harmonious和諧的；B.permanent永久的；C.messy雜亂的；D.conventional常規(guī)的。句意：ProjectHieroglyph的目的是將作家、科學(xué)家、工程師和藝術(shù)家聚集在一起，創(chuàng)作關(guān)于未來50年和諧社會的樂觀故事。根據(jù)前文Butdoestomorrow'sworldhavetobesodisappointing？No.Anewprojectwantstousethepowerofsciencefictionto____abetterfuture.可知，ProjectHieroglyph是要描繪一個(gè)更加美好的未來，所以要呈現(xiàn)的是一個(gè)和諧的社會。故選A。（9）D.考查形容詞比較級及語境理解。A.funnier更有趣的；B.harder更難的；C.newer更新的；D.easier更容易的。句意：創(chuàng)造一個(gè)反烏托邦比寫一個(gè)讓人感覺良好的故事更容易。根據(jù)前文Alotofscience﹣fictionwritingimaginesadarkand____world.及There'sawordto____thekindoffutureworldwhichoftenappearsinsciencefiction：dystopia，a（n）_____unpleasantorbadplace.可知，反烏托邦是很多科幻小說中都會創(chuàng)造的社會，可推斷創(chuàng)作一個(gè)反烏托邦故事是相對更加簡單的。故選D。（10）A.考查名詞及語境理解。A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B.mission任務(wù)；C.welfare福利；D.surprise驚喜。句意：沒有挑戰(zhàn)，就沒有故事！根據(jù)前文There'smoreconflictinaworldfullofproblems，andstoriesareinterestingwhentherearealotofproblemstosolve.可知，反烏托邦小說是以解決問題為故事線索，可推斷在解決問題的過程中會制造各種挑戰(zhàn)，從而形成故事情節(jié)。故選A。（11）D.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.disgusting令人反感的；B.frightening可怕的，駭人的；C.demanding苛刻的；D.promising有希望的。句意：但是這個(gè)計(jì)劃產(chǎn)出了一本書，書中有一些很有希望的情節(jié)。根據(jù)前文Anewprojectwantstousethepowerofsciencefictionto____abetterfuture.及后文Oneofthemisaboutenvironmentalistswhofightto____buildingthefirsthotelinthe_____areas.可知，這個(gè)計(jì)劃意在呈現(xiàn)一個(gè)更美好的未來，在環(huán)保問題上也有更加科學(xué)的內(nèi)容安排，可推斷這本書設(shè)計(jì)了很多有希望的情節(jié)。故選D。（12）C.考查動詞及語境理解。A.risk冒險(xiǎn)做；B.delay推遲；C.stop（使）停止，阻止；D.bother打擾。句意：其中一篇是關(guān)于環(huán)保主義者的，他們努力阻止人們在極地地區(qū)建造第一家酒店。根據(jù)前文Buttheprojectproducedabookwithsome_____plots.可知，這本書的情節(jié)充滿了希望，而在極地建酒店是有違自然規(guī)律的，環(huán)保主義者極力阻止這種行為，符合有希望的情節(jié)。故選C。（13）B.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.high高的；B.polar極地的；C.crowded擁擠的；D.remote邊遠(yuǎn)的，偏僻的。句意：其中一篇是關(guān)于環(huán)保主義者的，他們努力阻止人們在極地地區(qū)建造第一家酒店。根據(jù)下文buildingthefirsthotel可知，是在極地地區(qū)建造第一家酒店。故選B。（14）A.考查副詞及語境理解。A.merely僅僅；B.intently專心地；C.frequently經(jīng)常地，頻繁地；D.incredibly難以置信地。句意：這些故事真的會改變什么嗎？或者只是讓我們娛樂一下？根據(jù)語境可知，此處是引發(fā)讀者思考：這些故事僅僅是讓我們娛樂一下嗎？故選A。（15）D.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.abnormal不正常的；B.artificial人工的；C.constant持續(xù)的；D.mighty強(qiáng)大的。句意：一部好的科幻小說可以很強(qiáng)大。根據(jù)后文is___toseethatstoriescaninspirehundreds，thousands，millionsofpeopleto____somethingthattheywanttodo.Theinfluenceofsciencefictionhasalreadybeenwell_____inmodernresearch.可知，好的科幻小說的影響和力量是強(qiáng)大的。故選D。（16）B.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.gradual逐漸的；B.plain顯而易見的；C.vital至關(guān)重要的；D.vague不明確的，不清楚的。句意：很明顯，故事可以激勵(lì)成千上萬的人聚集在他們想做的事情周圍。根據(jù)上文Agoodscience﹣fictionstorycanbe____.可知，好的科幻小說的影響和力量是強(qiáng)大的，所以這種作用也是很顯而易見的。故選B。（17）C.考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.castnewlighton使人重新認(rèn)識；B.maketheirwayto向……進(jìn)發(fā)；C.gatheraround圍著，聚集在；D.beatdown擊倒。句意：很明顯，故事可以激勵(lì)成千上萬的人聚集在他們想做的事情周圍。根據(jù)前文Agoodscience﹣fictionstorycanbe___.以及storiescaninspirehundreds，thousands，millionsofpeople可知，好的故事有強(qiáng)大的影響力，可推斷這樣的故事可以讓無數(shù)的人為他們想做的事情團(tuán)結(jié)在一起，聚集在一起。故選C。（18）D.考查動詞及語境理解。A.neglected忽視；B.denied否認(rèn)；C.exposed暴露；D.evaluated評估，評價(jià)。句意：科幻小說的影響在現(xiàn)代研究中已經(jīng)得到了很好的評價(jià)。根據(jù)前文Itis____toseethatstoriescaninspirehundreds，thousands，millionsofpeopleto_____somethingthattheywanttodo.可知，故事可以激勵(lì)成千上萬的人聚集在他們想做的事情周圍，這種激勵(lì)作用是對故事的正面評價(jià)，而科幻小說也屬于故事的一種，所以其影響力也得到了很好的評價(jià)。故選D。（19）A.考查名詞及語境理解。A.invisibility看不見；B.surroundings周圍環(huán)境；C.exposure暴露，接觸；D.absence缺席。句意：為什么人們要研究隱形衣？根據(jù)下文Well，it'sHarryPotter，right？以及語境可知，此處指研究隱形衣。故選A。（20）C.考查介詞及語境理解。A.inside在……里面；B.beside在……旁邊；C.outside在……外面；D.beneath在……下面。句意：讓我們大膽夢想，跳出思維定勢。根據(jù)上文Timewilltellhowfarwecango.可知，未來無法預(yù)知；再結(jié)合上文ProjectHieroglyph中所描繪的世界可知，我們不能以當(dāng)前科幻小說所呈現(xiàn)的可怕黑暗的未來作為我們思考的方向，而是應(yīng)該跳出這個(gè)思維框架，從另一個(gè)角度去看待未來；thinkoutsidethebox意為"打破常規(guī)，跳出思維定勢"。故選C。【點(diǎn)評】做完形填空首先要通讀全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有許多空格，所以，必須先通讀一至兩遍，才能大概了解文章的內(nèi)容。千萬不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。答案全部填完后，再通讀一遍文章，檢查是否通順流暢，用詞得當(dāng)，意思正確。二．閱讀理解（共2小題）2．（2023秋?晉中期末）Imagineflyingoverthecityinanelectric﹣poweredaircraftthathasnopilotbutcantakeyoufrompointAtopointBinminutes.Soundslikesciencefiction.right？Well，notanymore.China﹣basedEhanghasbecometheworld'sfirstcompanytobeofficiallyallowedtoflypassengersinitspilotlessairtaxis.Ehang'sairtaxiscancarryuptotwopassengersandcanflyatspeedsofupto130km/handdistancesofupto28km.Passengerscansimplyselecttheirdestination（目的地）onatouchscreeninsidethecabinandenjoytheridewithoutworryingaboutpilotingtheaircraft.Thetaxisdonotrequireairportsorrunways.Theycantakeoffandlandvertically（垂直地）fromanyflatsurface，suchasarooftop，parkorcarpark.Theycanbefullychargedintwohoursandhavelownoiselevels.Theyalsohavesomenecessarythings，suchasbackupbatteries，propellers，emergencylandingsystemsandparachutesincaseanythinggoeswrong.Theycouldchangehowwetravelaroundbigcities—imagineusingthemtoavoidtrafficjams，savetimetoworkorschool，orgettoplacesthatarehardtoreachbycarorpublictransport.Andbeyondjustmovingpeople，theaircraftcanbeusedfordeliveringgoods，suchaspackages，medicalsuppliesorfood.Duringnaturaldisasterssuchasbushfiresorfoods，airtaxiscouldtransportmuch﹣neededmedicalstaff，equipmentormedicinestothescenequicklyandsafely.Ehang'sairtaxisneedtofollowthelawsandrulesofdifferentcountriesandregionswheretheymightoperate.Onebigchallengewillbegainingthetrustofthepublicandpersuadingpassengerstheyaresafewhileflying.Todothis，Ehangwilleducatepassengersaboutthebenefitsandrisksofusingitstaxiswhilealsodealingwithpossibleproblems.（1）Whyissciencefictionmentionedinthefirstparagraph？AA.Toproveairtaxisarenotreal.B.Toshowairtaxisareadvanced.C.Toexpresspeople'sloveforairtaxis.D.Toprovidescientificfactsaboutairtaxis!（2）Whichisanadvantageofairtaxis？AA.Theyarelessnoisy.B.Theyuselessenergy.C.Theycanlandanywhere.D.Theyarelessexpensive.（3）Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytellusaboutairtaxis？CA.Theirpossibleproblems.B.Theirwidepopularity.C.Theirkeyfunctions.D.Theirsimpledesign.（4）What'sthepassengers'mainconcernoverairtaxis？DA.Price.B.Speed.C.Management.D.Safety.【答案】AACD【分析】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了中國的Ehang（億航）空中出租車?！窘獯稹浚?）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Imagineflyingoverthecityinanelectric﹣poweredaircraftthathasnopilotbutcantakeyoufrompointAtopointBinminutes.Soundslikesciencefiction，right？Well，notanymore.（想象一下，一架沒有飛行員的電動飛行器在城市上空飛行，但可以在幾分鐘內(nèi)把你從A點(diǎn)帶到B點(diǎn)。聽起來像科幻小說，對吧？現(xiàn)在不是了。）可推知，第一段提及科幻小說是為了證明空中出租車是不真實(shí)的。故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Theycanbefullychargedintwohoursandhavelownoiselevels.（它們可以在兩個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)充滿電，而且噪音很低。）可知，空中出租車有更少的噪音。故選A。（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)第五段Theycouldchangehowwetravelaroundbigcities—imagineusingthemtoavoidtrafficjams，savetimetoworkorschool，orgettoplacesthatarehardtoreachbycarorpublictransport.Andbeyondjustmovingpeople，theaircraftcanbeusedfordeliveringgoods，suchaspackages，medicalsuppliesorfood.Duringnaturaldisasterssuchasbushfiresorfoods，airtaxiscouldtransportmuch﹣neededmedicalstaff，equipmentormedicinestothescenequicklyandsafely.（它們可以改變我們在大城市的出行方式——想象一下，使用它們可以避免交通堵塞，節(jié)省上班或上學(xué)的時(shí)間，或者到達(dá)汽車或公共交通工具難以到達(dá)的地方。除了運(yùn)送人員，這種飛行器還可以用來運(yùn)送貨物，比如包裹、醫(yī)療用品或食品。在發(fā)生森林大火或食品等自然災(zāi)害時(shí)，空中出租車可以快速安全地將急需的醫(yī)務(wù)人員、設(shè)備或藥品運(yùn)送到現(xiàn)場。）可知，第五段介紹了空中出租車的主要功能。故選C。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Onebigchallengewillbegainingthetrustofthepublicandpersuadingpassengerstheyaresafewhileflying.（一個(gè)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)將是贏得公眾的信任，并說服乘客它們在飛行時(shí)是安全的。）可知，乘客對空中出租車的主要擔(dān)憂是安全性。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評】考查說明文。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。3．（2022秋?定遠(yuǎn)縣校級期末）Paying﹩25，000togetyourpetclonedmightsoundattractive，ifyouhavethemoneyandcan'timaginelifewithoutyourpet.Therearetwocompaniesnowthatcancloneyourpet：ViaGenandSooamBiotech.Labtechstherewillcloneyourpetusingaprocesscalledsomaticcellnucleartransfer（體細(xì)胞核移植），thesamemethodusedtocloneDollythesheepin1996.Thisinvolvesremovingthenucleusfromafemale'sdevelopingeggcellandreplacingitwiththenucleusfromacellfromtheanimalyouwanttoclone.Thenewcellisthenstimulated（刺激）withanelectricshocktomakeitdivideandthenimplantedintoahostorganism（有機(jī)體）.Thedecisiontocloneyourpethastotakeplacewhilethey'restillalive.Youneedtosignupwiththecompanyandtakeyourpettothevetsotheycanharvestsomecells.Then，forbetween﹩1﹣2000，thecompanywillstorethecells.Evenifyoudecidetostop，there'snorefundforthestorage.Ifyoudecidetohaveyourpetcloned，you'llpayamuchlargerdeposittoperformthecelltransferandimplantthecellsintoahostanimal.What'smostimportanttoconsumersistheproduct.Yourcloneisatwinofyourformerpet，butitwon'tne