2017-2018學(xué)年人教課標(biāo)高一英語必修3教學(xué)課件Unit4AstronomyUsinglanguage

Unit4Unit4Astronomy:IsaacNewton1642～1727英國物理學(xué)家

經(jīng)典物理學(xué)理論體系的建立者Pre-listening1665年創(chuàng)立微分；1666年開始研究積分。1666年,開始想到研究重力(gravity)問題，蘋果落地的傳說，也是在此時(shí)發(fā)生的軼事。其一生的重大科學(xué)思想是在這兩年期間（22至23歲）形成的。1669年，把《自然哲學(xué)的數(shù)學(xué)原理》，《宇宙體系》等手稿送到劍橋大學(xué)圖書館收藏。晚年研究宗教。AlbertEinstein(1879～1955)

質(zhì)量(m)和能量(E)的相當(dāng)性：E＝mc2

愛因斯坦在量子論、分子運(yùn)動(dòng)論、相對(duì)論(TheoryofRelativity)等物理學(xué)的三個(gè)不同領(lǐng)域取得了歷史性成就，特別是狹義相對(duì)論的建立和光量子論的提出，推動(dòng)了物理學(xué)理論的革命，他對(duì)社會(huì)進(jìn)步事業(yè)也有重要貢獻(xiàn)。StephenHawkingbornin1942斯蒂芬·藿金是當(dāng)今科學(xué)界的一位傳奇人物。這不僅僅因?yàn)樗且晃槐蛔u(yù)為繼愛因斯坦后最著名的科學(xué)思想家和最杰出的理論物理學(xué)家，還在于他是在常人無法想象的身體狀況下進(jìn)行研究和創(chuàng)造性工作的。blackhole黑洞

黑洞并非只是吞噬物質(zhì)。除了會(huì)在星系形成的過程中扮演重要角色外，在經(jīng)過一段相當(dāng)漫長的時(shí)間后，黑洞也會(huì)把一些曾被它吸入的物質(zhì)信息向外界釋放出來。Nowwe’regoingtolistentoatalkaboutthetheoriesofgravity.Listencarefullyandtrytogetthemainideaofit.ListeningAThetextisabouthowthreescientistswantedtofindoutaboutthebeginningoftheuniverse.BThetextisabouthowtheideaofgravityhasdevelopedoveralongperiodoftime.CThetextisabouttheimportanceofthreescientistsandtheirwork.Choosethebestsummary.SummaryBiscorrectbecauseitgivesaclearideaofwhatthelisteningpassageisabout.SummaryAisnottrue.Thethreescientistswantedtoexplainhowtheuniverseworkedandnothowitbegan.SummaryCistoogeneralanddoesnotgiveenoughdetailaboutwhatthelisteningpassageisabout.Listentothetapeagainandfillinthechart.IsaacNewtonAlbertEinsteinStephenHawkingIdeaLargebodieshaveaforcewhichpullsthingstowardsthem.Inspacelargeobjectsmakespaceandtimebend;thelargertheobject,thefurtherspaceandtimebend.Blackholeshaveaverylargemassandpullthingstowardsthem.IsaacNewtonAlbertEinsteinStephenHawkingDevelopmentThebiggertheobjectthestrongerthegravity.Timegoesslowerinverystronggravity.Ifyougoovertheedge,youcannotgetout;butifyoudonot,youmaybeabletoescape.MJ:Hello,DrLiYanping.It’ssogoodofyoutotalktome.Some_______askuswhythingsalwaysfallbackto_____ifyouthrowthemupintheair.Couldyou________it?LY:Well,atfirstpeoplethoughtitwasbecausetheearthwasthe______oftheuniverse.Ofcoursethatwas______.OnedayIsaacNewtonwatchedan____Listenagainandfillintheblanks.studentsearthexplaincentrewrongapple

falltotheground.Hesaidthatsomethingelsemustbe______theapplebacktoearth.Hecalledit“gravity”.MJ:Isee.Didpeople_______hisidea?LY:Theydid.Latertheyworkedoutthatbigger_______(likethesun)havestrongergravitythan_______objects(likeourplanets).Ifyou’retravellingin____space,youcouldn’tfallbacktotheearth.You’rejusttoofar______.pullingacceptobjectssmallerdeepawayMJ:Doesitmeanthere’sno______inspace?LY:No.Inaspaceshipyouwouldfeelthepullasitgot______tosuchanobject.Youwouldtravelfasterandfaster________it.MJ:Untilyouhitit?LY:Notexactly.Youmay_____itveryfastandthenitwouldthrowyououtintospaceagain.Afterthatyouwouldslowdowntothe_____speed.Part2gravityclosertowardspassusualMJ:Howdoyouknowthis?LY:In____Einsteinsaidthatinspacelargeobjectsmakespace-timebend;thelargertheobject,the______space-timebends.Sotimegoes______inverystronggravity.MJ:Whatabout______holes?LY:That’saplaceinspacewhichhassuchastrong______thatnothingcanescape____itsgravity.Thereisakindofedge1905furtherslowerblackmassfromaroundthismass.Ifyoucrossoverthisedge,it’s_________foryoutogetback.Howeverifyoudon’tcrossthisedge,youcanstill______.StephenHawkinghasdonealotof________intoblackholes.Hehasshownthatthey“spit”thingsoutas_____as“eat”them.impossibleescaperesearchwellspacewalkLookatthepictures!ReadthepassagecarefullyandthendescribethethreewaysinwhichgravitychangedforLiYanpingandhowhisweightchanged.1.

Thepullofgravitybecameverystrong

helefttheearth’satmosphere.His

weightisnormal.2.Itdisappearedwhenhewasinspace.

Heisweightless.3.Itwasverylightwhenhewas

onthemoon.Heweighsless

thanonearth.1....“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”......既然引力改變了，走路也的確需要練一練了。

nowthat同since相似，語氣較弱，強(qiáng)調(diào)人們已知的事實(shí)。LanguagepointsTranslation.1)既然你忙,就讓我給你做吧。

Nowthatyouarebusy,letmedoitfor you.2)既然人都齊了,咱們開始干吧。

Nowthateveryoneishere,let’sstart work.2.Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth’sgravityincreased.

我們驚奇地看著，隨著地球引力的增加，宇宙飛船的外層燃燒起火。

breakout

它與happen,takeplace,comeout等詞的用法一樣，是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能帶賓語，不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。1)戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)e.g.TheAmericanCivilWarbrokeout

in1861.

美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)于1861年。2)發(fā)生爭吵e.g.Aquarrelbrokeoutbetweenthem.

他們之間發(fā)生了爭吵。3)(火災(zāi))發(fā)生

e.g.A

fire

broke

out

in

his

house

last

night.

昨晚他家里失火了。[考點(diǎn)]

breakout通常指戰(zhàn)爭、疾病、災(zāi)害等的爆發(fā)。不及物動(dòng)詞短語不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Iwasstillsleepingwhenthefire____,andthenitspreadquickly.A.brokeoutB.putoutC.cameoutD.gotout[點(diǎn)撥]putout撲滅；comeout出來,出版；getout（使）出來。由itspreadquickly（火迅速蔓延）可知選A。breakdown____________________________________________破門而入;打斷breakawayfrom脫離;打破陳規(guī)與break相關(guān)的短語:打破;毀掉;破除;坍塌;壞掉breakinbreakthrough突圍;突破;沖垮;克服_______________打碎;拆散;分裂;分解breakone’sword/promise________________________breakup食言;說話不算數(shù)選用方框內(nèi)合適的詞或短語，并用其適當(dāng)形式填空。(其中有一個(gè)多余選項(xiàng))

Therewasa_____ofpeoplearoundtheclubentrance.2.Yououghttohaveagoodrest________you’vefinishedthework.massnowthatfloatnowthatmasspullgetthehangofwatchout3.Shespenttheafternoon________onherbackinthepool.4.Itseemsdifficultatfirst,butyou’llsoon_______________it.5.Youhaveto_________becausethereareland-minesallovertheplace.watchoutfloatinggetthehangoffloatnowthatmasspullgetthehangofwatchoutII.根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示翻譯