電力專業(yè)英語閱讀與翻譯 課件 9-Switch Device、10-Instruments and Transducers

電力專業(yè)英語(9)SwitchDevice參考教材：朱永強.電力專業(yè)英語閱讀與翻譯.機械工業(yè)出版社，2024-06CircuitBreakersThreemovablecontacts,actuatedsimultaneouslybyaninsulatedrod,openandclosethecircuit.嘗試翻譯Threemovablecontacts,actuatedsimultaneouslybyaninsulatedrod,openandclosethecircuit.生詞n.

接觸器contact

翻譯由一根絕緣桿同時開動的三個移動觸點斷開和連接電路。說明句首的actuatedsimultaneouslybyaninsulatedrod是定語從句的縮寫，補全應(yīng)為：whichareactuatedsimultaneouslybyaninsulatedrod。n.桿，棒rod

vt.開動；促使actuateCircuitBreakersWhenthecircuitbreakerisclosed,thelinecurrentforeachphasepenetratesthetankbywayofaporcelainbushing,flowsthroughthefirstfixedcontact,themovablecontact,thesecondfixedcontact,andthenonoutbyasecondbushing.嘗試翻譯Whenthecircuitbreakerisclosed,thelinecurrentforeachphasepenetratesthetankbywayofaporcelainbushing,flowsthroughthefirstfixedcontact,themovablecontact,thesecondfixedcontact,andthenonoutbyasecondbushing.生詞n.

陶瓷套管porcelainbushing

翻譯當(dāng)斷路器合閘時，每一相的線電流經(jīng)由陶瓷套管穿入油箱，流經(jīng)第一個固定觸點、移動觸點、第二個固定觸點，然后經(jīng)由第二個套管向外。說明詞組bywayof表示“經(jīng)由，通過”。onout放在一起，表示“向外”。CircuitBreakersThesetotallyenclosedcircuit-breakers,insulatedwithSF6gas,areusedwheneverspaceisatapremium,suchasindown-townsubstations.嘗試翻譯翻譯這些用SF6氣體隔離的完全密封的斷路器，用在進城變電站等空地十分寶貴的場合。說明短語insulatedwithSF6gas是定語從句縮寫。補全應(yīng)為：thoseareinsulatedwithSF6gas。DisconnectingSwitchesAir-breakswitchesarecomposedofamovablebladethatengagesafixedcontact;botharemountedoninsulatingsupports嘗試翻譯翻譯空氣斷路開關(guān)由一個與固定觸點接合的移動閘刀構(gòu)成；兩個（觸點）都安裝在絕緣支撐上。生詞n.

空氣斷路器Air-breakn.閘刀bladeadj.絕緣的insulatingAir-breakswitchesarecomposedofamovablebladethatengagesafixedcontact;botharemountedoninsulatingsupports.Itpivotsaboutoneendandthecircuitcanbeopenedbypullingontheotherendofthefusewithahookstick.嘗試翻譯Itpivotsaboutoneendandthecircuitcanbeopenedbypullingontheotherendofthefusewithahookstick.生詞n.

熔斷器fusen.鉤，吊鉤hook翻譯它一端為軸轉(zhuǎn)動，用勾桿拉另外一端可以將電路斷開。DisconnectingSwitchesn.棍，棒stick說明詞組pullon意思為“持續(xù)拉”。pivot表示“在軸上轉(zhuǎn)動”。FuseFusereferstoanelectricalappliancethatbreaksthecircuitbyfusingthemeltwiththeheatgeneratedbyitselfwhenthecurrentexceedsthespecifiedvalue.嘗試翻譯Fusereferstoanelectricalappliancethatbreaksthecircuitbyfusingthemeltwiththeheatgeneratedbyitselfwhenthecurrentexceedsthespecifiedvalue.生詞n.

熔體melt

翻譯熔斷器是指當(dāng)電流超過規(guī)定值時，以本身產(chǎn)生的熱量使熔體熔斷，斷開電路的一種電器。Fuse嘗試翻譯Fusereferstoanelectricalappliancethatbreaksthecircuitbyfusingthemeltwiththeheatgeneratedbyitselfwhenthecurrentexceedsthespecifiedvalue.說明句子中包括that引導(dǎo)的定語從句和when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，that引導(dǎo)的定語從句用來修飾句子的主語“fuse”,when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句表示熔斷器熔體熔斷這一動作發(fā)生在流過熔斷器的電流超過規(guī)定值時?！皐iththeheatgeneratedbyitself”中過去分詞“generated”作后置定語來修飾名詞“heat”。FuseHopethatthemeltingcoefficientofthefuseisappropriatelysmall,usuallychoosetheRQAseriesfuseoflead-tinalloymelt.嘗試翻譯Hopethatthemeltingcoefficientofthefuseisappropriatelysmall,usuallychoosetheRQAseriesfuseoflead-tinalloymelt.生詞n.

鉛錫合金lead-tinalloy翻譯希望熔體的熔化系數(shù)適當(dāng)小些，通常選用鉛錫合金熔體的RQA系列熔斷器。n.

熔化系數(shù)meltingcoefficient說明句子開頭為祈使句，祈使句一般不出現(xiàn)主語。然后是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，逗號后面同樣也為祈使句。RecloserandSectionalizersWhenamainfeederisprotectedbyseveralfusesspottedoverthelengthoftheline,itisoftendifficulttoobtainsatisfactorycoordinationbetweenthem,basedonfuse-blowingtimealone.嘗試翻譯翻譯當(dāng)一條主饋線由沿著線路長度方向斑駁分布的幾個熔斷器保護時，僅僅基于保險絲熔斷時間，常常難以實現(xiàn)它們之間令人滿意的配合。說明由basedon引導(dǎo)的狀語短語，表示前面陳述成立的條件，在翻譯時這樣的狀語應(yīng)該提前。生詞n.

饋線feederWhenamainfeederisprotectedbyseveralfusesspottedoverthelengthoftheline,itisoftendifficulttoobtainsatisfactorycoordinationbetweenthem,basedonfuse-blowingtimealone.theSelectionofCircuitBreakersTwoofthefactorsuponwhichtheproperselectionofcircuitbreakersdependsarethecurrentflowingimmediatelyafterthefaultoccursandthecurrentwhichthebreakermustinterrupt.嘗試翻譯翻譯合理選擇斷路器的因素中，有兩個是故障發(fā)生后立刻流過的電流和斷路器必須關(guān)斷的電流。說明定語從句uponwhichtheproperselectionofcircuitbreakersdepends中謂語短語的介詞提前到了引導(dǎo)詞以前。正常語序為：whichtheproperselectionofcircuitbreakersdependsupon。Foroilcircuitbreakersabove5kVthesub-transientcurrentmultipliedby1.6isconsideredtobethermsvalueofthecurrentwhosedisruptiveforcesthebreakermustwithstandduringthefirsthalfcycleafterthefaultoccurs.嘗試翻譯Foroilcircuitbreakersabove5kVthesub-transientcurrentmultipliedby1.6isconsideredtobethermsvalueofthecurrentwhosedisruptiveforcesthebreakermustwithstandduringthefirsthalfcycleafterthefaultoccurs.生詞n.次暫態(tài)sub-transient翻譯對于5kV以上的油斷路器來說，將次暫態(tài)電流乘以1.6，被看作是故障發(fā)生后的前半個周期內(nèi)斷路器必須經(jīng)受其破壞力的那個電流的有效值。theSelectionofCircuitBreakers嘗試翻譯Foroilcircuitbreakersabove5kVthesub-transientcurrentmultipliedby1.6isconsideredtobethermsvalueofthecurrentwhosedisruptiveforcesthebreakermustwithstandduringthefirsthalfcycleafterthefaultoccurs.說明whose引導(dǎo)了一個較長的定語從句。為了理解和翻譯方便，可以將該句子拆解為：Foroilcircuitbreakersabove5kVthesub-transientcurrentmultipliedby1.6isconsideredtobethermsvalueofthatcurrent;thebreakermustwithstanditsdisruptiveforcesduringthefirsthalfcycleafterthefaultoccurs.theSelectionofCircuitBreakers嘗試翻譯

翻譯

theSelectionofCircuitBreakers說明

嘗試翻譯Kdeterminestherangeofvoltageoverwhichratedshort-circuitcurrenttimesoperatingvoltageisconstant.翻譯K決定電壓的范圍，在這個范圍內(nèi)，額定短路電流和工作電壓的積為常數(shù)。theSelectionofCircuitBreakers生詞n.額定短路電流ratedshort-circuitKdeterminestherangeofvoltageoverwhichratedshort-circuitcurrenttimesoperatingvoltageisconstant.本課程參考教材：朱永強《電力專業(yè)英語閱讀與翻譯》機械工業(yè)出版社2024-06電力專業(yè)英語(10)InstrumentsandTransducers參考教材：朱永強.電力專業(yè)英語閱讀與翻譯.機械工業(yè)出版社，2024-06ImportanceofInstrumentation嘗試翻譯Properfunctioningofthesystemasawholemakesitnecessarytomonitorconditionsexistingatmanydifferentpointsonthesysteminordertoassureoptimumoperation.翻譯為了使系統(tǒng)作為一個整體運行，就有必要監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)中很多不同地點的情況。說明詞組asawhole表示“整體上”，也可以理解為“作為一個整體”。表示“存在”的existing不必翻譯。一般來說，表示目的、原因等的狀語短語在翻譯時都應(yīng)提前。嘗試翻譯Instrumentsmustbeprovidedatinterchangepointstopermitbillingforenergytransferredfromonesystemtoanother.解釋說明工具，儀器instrumentn.

帳單billvt.

給…開列帳單使用儀器instrumentationinterchangeexchangeImportanceofInstrumentation翻譯必須在（能量）交換點配備儀器，以便對從一個系統(tǒng)輸送到其它系統(tǒng)的能量進行計費。嘗試翻譯Asloadincreasesfrommonthtomonth,pointsatwhichadditionalcapacityofequipmentisrequiredmayberecognizedandprovisionmadefortheinstallationofadditionalequipment.ImportanceofInstrumentation翻譯隨著負(fù)荷的逐月增長，（人們）可能認(rèn)識到那些需要額外容量的地方，并且為額外設(shè)備的安裝提供條件。重點關(guān)注Asloadincreasesfrommonthtomonth,pointsatwhichadditionalcapacityofequipmentisrequiredmayberecognizedandprovisionmadefortheinstallationofadditionalequipment.解釋說明逐月地frommonthtomonth容量capacity供應(yīng)provision安裝installation

ImportanceofInstrumentation重點關(guān)注Asloadincreasesfrommonthtomonth,pointsatwhichadditionalcapacityofequipmentisrequiredmayberecognizedandprovisionmadefortheinstallationofadditionalequipment.解釋說明為便于理解，句子可以拆解為Asloadincreasesfrommonthtomonth,pointsmayberecognized;atthesepointsadditionalcapacityofequipmentisrequired;andprovisionmaybemadefortheinstallationofadditionalequipment…provisionmadefortheinstallationofadditionalequipment謂語部分省略了maybeImportanceofInstrumentationImportanceofInstrumentation嘗試翻譯Instrumentsmaysound

alarmsasadvancewarningsofconditionsrequiringactiontoavoiddamagetoequipmentoperatingbeyonditsdesignlimitation.翻譯儀器可以使警報器發(fā)聲，作為需要采取行動避免運行于設(shè)計極限之外的設(shè)備損害等條件的事前警報。說明這里sound為謂語動詞，表示“使…發(fā)聲”。alarms是指“警報器”。為了便于理解，整個句子可以拆解為：Instrumentsmaysoundalarmsasadvancewarningsofconditions;theconditionsrequiresactiontoavoiddamagetoequipment;theequipmentisoperatingbeyonditsdesignlimitation.嘗試翻譯Instrumentsthatcontinuouslymonitorcurrent,voltage,andotherquantitiesmustbeabletoidentifythefaultedequipmentandtobringaboutoperationofthecircuitbreakerswhichremoveitfromservice,whileleavinginserviceallotherequipmentontheoperatingsystem.ImportanceofInstrumentation重點關(guān)注Instrumentsthatcontinuouslymonitorcurrent,voltage,andotherquantitiesmustbeabletoidentifythefaultedequipmentandtobringaboutoperationofthecircuitbreakerswhichremoveitfromservice,whileleavinginserviceallotherequipmentontheoperatingsystem.解釋說明導(dǎo)致，使發(fā)生bringabout使…處于供電狀態(tài)leavinginserviceImportanceofInstrumentation重點關(guān)注Instrumentsthatcontinuouslymonitorcurrent,voltage,andotherquantitiesmustbeabletoidentifythefaultedequipmentandtobringaboutoperationofthecircuitbreakerswhichremoveitfromservice,whileleavinginserviceallotherequipmentontheoperatingsystem.解釋說明句中的主語instruments帶有一個由that引導(dǎo)的很長的定語從句，而定語從句中的circuitbreakers

帶有一個which引導(dǎo)的定語從句。Which引導(dǎo)的定語從句本身又是一個簡化了的復(fù)合句，其中第二部分用的是分詞短語的形式。解釋說明Instrumentscontinuouslymonitorcurrent,voltage,and…;theymustbeabletoidentifythefaultedequipmentandbeabletobringaboutoperationofthecircuitbreakers;thecircuitbreakersremovethefaultedequipmentfromservice,whilethecircuitbreakersleaveallotherequipmentontheoperatingsysteminservice.ImportanceofInstrumentationImportanceofInstrumentation嘗試翻譯Instrumentsthatcontinuouslymonitorcurrent,voltage,andotherquantitiesmustbeabletoidentifythefaultedequipmentandtobringaboutoperationofthecircuitbreakerswhichremoveitfromservice,whileleavinginserviceallotherequipmentontheoperatingsystem.翻譯持續(xù)監(jiān)測電流、電壓和其它量的儀表必須能夠識別故障設(shè)備并觸發(fā)斷路器動作將其從供電電路切除，而使運行系統(tǒng)中的所有其它設(shè)備保持供電。TransducersItisnecessarythatacurrenttransformerreproduceinitssecondarywindingacurrentwhichduplicatestheprimarycurrentwaveformasfaithfullyaspossible.嘗試翻譯翻譯電流互感器在其二次側(cè)產(chǎn)生一個盡量如實再現(xiàn)一次電流波形的電流是必要的。說明that引導(dǎo)的從句是it的同位語，在翻譯時可以用同位語從句的內(nèi)容替代it。生詞n.電流互感器currenttransformerItisnecessarythatacurrenttransformerreproduceinitssecondarywindingacurrentwhichduplicatestheprimarycurrentwaveformasfaithfullyaspossible.Certainpowerequipment(suchaspowertransformers)isofthedead-tanktype,havingagroundedmetaltankinwhichthepowerequipmentiscontainedinaninsulatingmedium(usuallyoil)andabushingthroughwhichaterminaloftheequipmentisbroughtout.嘗試翻譯Certainpowerequipment(suchaspowertransformers)isofthedead-tanktype,havingagroundedmetaltankinwhichthepowerequipmentiscontainedinaninsulatingmedium(usuallyoil)andabushingthroughwhichaterminaloftheequipmentisbroughtout.生詞翻譯某些電力設(shè)備（例如電力變壓器）是固定箱體型的，帶有一個接