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必修第二冊UNIT4INFORMATIONTECHNOLOGY(一)高考題型組合練(一)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AWhatcoulddrivingaracecarandpointingacameraattheMilkyWayhaveincommon?Morethanyoumightimagine.RacecardriverBubbaWallaceandphotographerBatakTefreshijourneyedtogethertoremoteGooseberryMesaforanadventureaimedatcapturingthenightsky.GooseberryMesa,farfrompopulationcenters,isprotectedfromthenighttimelightpollution,whichmakesitperfectforstarphotographers.Naturalnightenvironmentssuchasthisarerare.Camping,hikingandshootingstarsinmountainousMesahighlightthesimilaritybetweenphotographyandracing.Bubbanotes,“Onceyoufireuptheenginethere’snoturningback—IknowI’llbeinthatseatformorethanthreehours.”Batakagrees,“IhavethesamefeelingassoonasItouchmycamera—I’mreadytocontinuethroughtheentirenight.”ForBubba,developingpatienceallowedhimtomatureasadriverandisequallyessentialtoBatak’sphotography.Seizingthemomentiscrucialtoo.“Everyminutethingsarechanging—theEarth’sshadow,themoonlight,theriseofstars,”Batakexplains.“Ifyoulosethemoment,it’sgoneforever.”BubbafindsthephysicalandmentaldemandsofracingascrucialwhentravellinginUtah’sruggedlandscapesunderfreezingtemperatures.Thinkincomingclouds,wind,ormistwillruinyourchanceataperfectshot?AccordingtoBatak,“Withwide-anglenightscapes,everyunexpectedweatherconditioncanbeanopportunity.Ourphotosshoworangesandbluesaroundthemoonyouwouldn’tseeunderaclearsky.”Theteamdiscoveredsharedintereststhatgobeyondphotography.“We’rebothpassionateaboutbringingculturestogetherandusingourworktobreakdownboundaries,”saysBatak.“Thenightskyhasaunifyingpower.Theskyconnectsthewholeworldunderoneumbrella.”1.WhydidBubbaandBatakchooseGooseberryMesa?A.Ithasasmallpopulation.B.Ithasidealweatherconditions.C.Itisfreefromlightpollution.D.Ithasamagnificentlandscape.2.Whichisrequiredinbothcarracingandphotography?A.Willpower. B.Teamwork.C.Bravery. D.Creativity.3.WhatdoesBatakthinkofunexpectedweatherasaphotographer?A.Annoying. B.Disastrous.C.Favorable. D.Challenging.4.Whichmaybeamessagebehindtheteam’sphotographywork?A.Appreciatingthenightsky.B.Connectingvariouscultures.C.Removingracialboundaries.D.Protectingtheenvironment.B(2023·浙江山水聯盟聯考)Tofightagainsttheballooningwaistlinesamongpeople,severalU.S.citieshaveinstitutedtaxesondrinkswithaddedsugaraimingtoreduceconsumption,butnewresearchsuggeststhesepoliciescurrentlyhaveonefundamentalflaw.Thestudyfoundsugarydrinksonlyreducepurchasingifpricetagsatstoresmentionconsumersarepayingthattaxwhentheybuythedrink.TheresearchincludedafieldstudyattwoconveniencestoresinSanFrancisco,whichcurrentlyhasataxonsugarydrinksof1centperounce.Researchersvariedthepricetagsplacedonthesugarydrinksovertheeight-weekstudy:onetagthatsimplysaidthepriceforthe12-ouncedrink($1.52)andonethathadthepriceandthemessage“IncludesSFSugaryDrinkTax”.Allnon-sugarydrinks,whichweren’tsubjecttothetax,simplyhadthepriceofthedrink($1.40).Theresearcherscomparedsalesofthedrinksduringthestudyperiodtothetwoweeksbeforethestudybeganwhenthesugarydrinktaxwasineffectbuttherewerenopricetagsonanydrinks.Resultsshowedsalesofsugarydrinksweren’tlowerduringthetwoweeks,comparedtosalesbeforethetax,indicatingthetaxitselfdidn’treducepurchasesofsugarydrinks.Theresearchersthenlookedattheeffectsofthetwodifferentpricetags.Resultsshowedtheshareofsugarydrinkspurchasedwhenthetagssimplyshowedthepricewasn’tsignificantlydifferentfromthatofthetwo-weekperiodbeforethestudy,butdiddeclineslightlywhenthetagsmentionedthepriceincludedtheaddedtax.Inaseparateonlinestudy,theresearchersaskedparticipantstoestimatewhatthetaxwouldbeonacanoftheirfavoritedrinkthatcost$1.52.Theaverageestimatewas40cents—muchhigherthanthe12centsactuallydemandedinSanFrancisco.Whentoldthetaxwasonly12cents,theyreportedthey’dstillpurchasethedrink.Thefindingssuggestpricetagsshouldmentionthetaxbutnottheamount,forconsumerstendtooverestimatehowmuchthetaxis.“Ifcitieswantthesepoliciestobeeffective,theyneedtoregulatehowsugarydrinksarelabeledatstoresandtheycurrentlydon’tdothat,”saidDonnelly,leadauthorofthestudy.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flaw”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Weakness. B.Solution.C.Imbalance. D.Evidence.6.Whatkindofpricetagsmaydiscouragecustomersfrombuyingsugarydrinks?A.Pricetagsbearingsugarcontent.B.Pricetagswiththeexacttaxonthem.C.Pricetagssayingaddedtaxincluded.D.Pricetagsjustshowingthetotalprice.7.WhichofthefollowingmaybeDonnelly’ssuggestion?A.Storeslabelsugarydrinksatwill.B.Cancelsugarydrinktaxesatonce.C.Publicizetheimpactsofsugarydrinks.D.Citiesurgestorestouseproperpricetags.8.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewWaytoPreventFatnessB.EatingHabitsandFoodConsumptionC.SugaryDrinkTaxesAren’tWorkingWellD.Non-sugaryDrinkersBenefitfromNewPoliciesCFromayoungage,manyofuslearnthebenefitsofbeinganextrovert—thoseindividualswhoalwaysseemtobethelifeandsouloftheparty,oftenoutspokenandabletoexpresstheiropinionsfluently.However,notallofusarewiredthatway—soisbeinganextrovertreallybetter?Whilethinkingofanextrovert,weimagineacharacterwhoisdetermined,approachable,cheerfulandcharming.Wearetaughttoadmirethesepersonalitiesearlyon.Kidsareoftenencouragedtointeract,playandcommunicatewithotherchildren.Itseemsattimesasthoughchildrenaremadetohaveamoreoutgoinglifestyle,withsomepeoplebecomingfalseextroverts—introvertswhocopyextrovertbehavior.Whileexternally(外表上)theymayseemtoenjoythecompanyofothers,orbeinginthecenterofpublicattention,theycanstillbecomeover-extendedinintensesocialsituations.So,whilethepositiveaspectsofbeinganextrovertareplaintosee,whatarethebenefitsofintroversion?Althoughextrovertsdependonsocialinteraction,introvertsaremorecomfortablewithlevelsofisolation.AccordingtoDrBerit,acollegeprofessor,extremeisolationsuchastimeslikethelockdown,doesnotaffectintrovertsasmuchasextroverts.Lackofsocialcontact,somethingextrovertsrelyon,canleadtodepression,loneliness,andevendeath.Butit’snotjustinanextremesituationthatanintrovertshinesthrough.Thesepeopleseemtohavemoretimefordeepthoughtandthuscanbecomemorebalanced.Theyalsotendtobegoodlistenersandthinkbeforetheyspeak,meaningtheycouldbecomegreatfriends.Finally,introvertsareoftenfantasticobservers,assittingoutofthefocuscangivethemmoretimetowatchthebehaviorofothers.So,whateveryourpersonality,eitherintrovertorextrovert,thereareclearadvantagestobeingeither,andifyoumeetanintrovert,youmightjustendupwithanamazingfriend.9.Whatisadistinctivecharacteristicofanextrovert?A.Intelligent. B.Considerate.C.Sociable. D.Responsible.10.WhichstatementisTRUEaccordingtoDrBerit?A.Introvertsshouldlearnfromextroverts.B.Extrovertstendtobecomebetterfriends.C.Introvertspreferstayingcutofffromothers.D.Extrovertsfindittoughertohandleisolation.11.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellus?A.Theinfluenceofintroverts.B.Thestrengthsofbeingintroverts.C.Thecausesofintroverts’behavior.D.Thepersonalitiesoffalseintroverts.12.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Tostateaviewpoint.B.Toadvocatealifestyle.C.Tointroduceatechnique.D.Todescribeaphenomenon.Ⅱ.七選五Whetheryouwanttohavemoresuccessfulrelationships,abettercareer,orjustbeabletoturndownchocolate,pushingyourboundariesisessential.Youwillhavetostartbyworkingthroughweaknesseswhentheyarise.Developabriefplanofaction.1Setgoalsforyourselfwithtimelimits.Undereachgoal,createactionablestepsthatallowyoutostayontrackandsucceed.Forexample,ifyourpublicspeakingskillsareweak,makeitagoalthatyoucangiveaconfidentpresentation.Youcanplanoutactionablestepslikewritingaspeech,deliveringthespeechtoanemptyroom,thentooneperson,andthentoseveralpeople.2Useyourstrengthstobuildconfidence.Whileyouareworkingtoovercomeaweakness,workonthingsyouaregoodat,too.3Italsokeepsyoulookingcompetentandskilledwhileyoubuildyourskillsetevenmore.Relyonyournetwork.Networkingwithothersisastrengthinanysituation.Admittingthatyoun
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