Unit5LearningfromNatureDevelopingideas課件高二下學(xué)期英語(yǔ)選擇性

Developingideas—ReadingcomprehensionSilentSpringUnit6

NatureinwordsBytheendofthisperiod,studentswillbeableto:1.understandthecontentofthetextandtheauthor’sevaluationofRachelCarson;2.figureoutthebasicstructureofabookreview;3.findoutthemessageconveyedinSilentSpringandtheinfluenceofthebook;4.knowtheimpactofhumanactivitiesonthenaturalenvironment,andimprovetheawarenessofprotectingnature.CONTENTSPre-readingIWhile-readingIIPost-readingIIISentencesanalysisIVDoyouknowsomethingaboutDDT?1962年，美國(guó)科學(xué)家蕾切爾·卡遜(RachelCarson)在其著作《寂靜的春天》中懷疑，DDT進(jìn)入食物鏈，是導(dǎo)致一些食肉和食魚的鳥接近滅絕的主要原因。因此從70年代后DDT逐漸被世界各國(guó)明令禁止生產(chǎn)和使用。Pre-readingDDTisachemicalcompoundthatwasoriginallydevelopedasaninsecticide.Ithasnocolour,tasteorodour.ItsagriculturalusewasbannedintheUSin1972becauseofitsdamagingeffectsontheenvironment.Lookattheinfographicbelowandanswerthequestions.FactsaboutDDT:?DDTwasfirstproducedin1874andwaslaterusedaspesticide.?Itstaysintheenvironment.?Itishighlypoisonoustolivingorganism,includinghumans.?Nowbannedinmanycountries,itisstillusedinsomeformalaria(瘧疾)control.information+graphic(圖表)

[m??le?r??]1.HowdoesDDTreachthehumanbodyinthefoodchain?issprayedontoplantsleaksthroughthesoilandintoriversandlakesisabsorbedbytheplantsisconsumedbyanimalscontaminatesfishWhenDDTissprayedontoplantsinordertokillinsects,itisabsorbedbyplantsandsubsequentlyconsumedbyanimals;humansinturneatthoseanimals.DDTalsoleaksthroughthesoilandintoriversandlakes,whereitcontaminatesfishconsumedbyhumans.2.WhatharmdoesDDTcause?abookthatledtothebanningofDDTLet’sreadthe

bookreview

onSilentSpring.Predictwhatwillbementionedinthepassage.BookReview:anarticleinanewspaperormagazinegivingopiniononabook.DDTishighlypoisonoustolivingorganism,includinghumans.BookReviewBasicInformationofthebookFeaturesofthewritingCommentsonthisbookInfluenceofthisbooktheauthor,yearofpublication,theme,mainidea,reasonforpublicationContentofthisbookNowreadthepassageandcheckyourprediction.Activity1

Fast--readingformainideas1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.AbookreviewonSilentSpring.B.ThelifestoryofRachelCarson.C.Whattookplaceinasilentspring.D.Thebookwasreceivedpositivelybyallthepeople.√While-readingPara.1Para.2Para.3Para.4Para.5A.Theaimofthebook.B.Theopeningofthebook.C.Thebook’sgreatimpact.D.Someunsuccessfulsolutions.E.Thebookdeservestobereread.F.Commentsonthebook.Para.62．Matcheachparagraphwithitsmainidea.Activity2:Careful--readingfordetails.

Therewasastrangestillness.Thebirds,forexample–wherehadtheygone?Manypeoplespokeofthem,puzzledanddisturbed.Thefeedingstationsinthebackyardsweredeserted.Thefewbirdsseenanywhereweremoribund;theytrembledviolentlyandcouldnotfly.Itwasaspringwithoutvoices.Onthemorningsthathadoncethrobbedwiththedawnchorusofrobins(知更鳥),catbirds(北美貓鳥),doves(鴿子),jays(松鴉),wrens(鷦鷯),andscoresofotherbirdvoicestherewasnownosound;onlysilencelayoverthefieldsandwoodsandmarsh.1.What’sthetopicofSilent

Springaccordingtotheselines?A.Love,hope,human.

B.Nature,love,life.C.Nature,life,human.

D.Nature,love,human.√2．Whydidmanypeoplegetpuzzledanddisturbed?A.Becausetheydidn’tspeakofbirdsagain.B.Becausethefeedingstationsweredestroyed.C.Becausebirdsvoiceswereunusual.D.Becausemostbirdsweregone.√moribundadj.[正式用語(yǔ)]垂死的該詞源自拉丁語(yǔ)moribundus（垂死的、在死亡的邊緣）。ReadPara.1anddothefollowingexercises.robins(知更鳥)catbirds(北美貓鳥)doves(鴿子)jays(松鴉)wrens(鷦鷯)Guessthenamesofthesebirds.RachelCarsonwasascientistbyprofession,buttheselinesfromtheopeningchapterofher1962bookSilentSpring,“AFableforTomorrow”,showhertalentasawriter.Byimaginingaworldwithoutbirds,sheaimedtoalertnotonlythescientificcommunitybutalsothegeneralpublictothedamagingeffectsofhumanactivityonnaturalecosystems—inparticular,totheharmfuluseofpesticides,suchasDDT.Shebelievedthatthechemicalindustrywasknowinglycausingharmtoplants,animalsandevenhumans,andwishedtoseepesticidesusedinamoreresponsible,limitedandcarefullymonitoredway.Theaimofthebook.1.What’sRachelCarson’spurposeofwritingthebookSilent

Spring?A.Toprovethebirdsaredyingout.B.Toremindpeople.C.Toshowherwritingability.D.Towarnpeoplenottotradeinwildanimals.√ReadPara.2anddothefollowingexercises.2.Whatcausedsilentspringaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Thebirdsdidn’twakeupsoearly.B.Thepeoplekilledthebirdsrandomly.C.Theanimalsalldiedoutbecauseofhumanactivity.D.Thebirdsdiedbecauseoftheharmfuluseofpesticides.Shebelievedthatthechemicalindustrywasknowinglycausingharmtoplants,animalsandevenhumans,andwishedtoseepesticidesusedinamoreresponsible,limitedandcarefullymonitoredway.√Wecanconcludefromherwordsthatpesticidesshouldbeusedinamore___________way.reasonableCarsonurgedpeopletomakethemselvesawareofthefactsanddosomethingaboutthesituation.SilentSpringcontainsalotofscientificresearchandcasestudies.Thebookdetailsthegypsymotheradicationprogramme,whichkilledbirds,inadditiontogypsymoths.Anothercasestudywasthefire-antprogrammethatkilledcows,butnotfireants.Thebookalsogivesdozensofotherexamplesoferadicationprogrammesthatdidnothingtoreducetheproblemstheywereoriginallydesignedtosolve.The50orsopagesattheendofthebooklistCarson’ssources,showinghowthoroughandpreciseshewasasascientist.Someunsuccessfulsolutions.1.What’sthepurposeofsomanyresearchandcasestudiesinthebook?Tomakepeopleawareofthefactsanddosomethingaboutthesituation.2.Findtheunsuccessfulsolutionsinthisparagraph.(1)Thegypsymotheradicationprogramme,whichkilledbirds,inadditiontogypsymoths.(2)Thefire-antprogrammethatkilledcows,butnotfireants.ReadPara.3anddothefollowingexercises.3.HowdidCarsonshowpeoplefailedtosolvetheproblemstheyfaced?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bydoingexperimentsherself.C.BysearchingontheInternet.D.Bytellingsomefables.√4.CanyoufindmoreevidencethatshowsRachelCarsonwasascientist?The50orsopagesattheendofthebooklistCarson’ssources,showinghowthoroughandpreciseshewasasascientist.thorough：doingthingsverycarefullyandwithgreatattentiontodetail仔細(xì)周到；工作縝密；一絲不茍Carson’smessagewasveryalarming,causingagreatincreaseinenvironmentalawareness.Itsimpactwasimmediateandfar-reaching:theuseofDDTwasbannedandtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)wasestablishedintheUS.SilentSpringwasthereforeregardedasamilestoneinthelaunchofthegreenmovementintheWesternworld.ItalsoearnedCarsonaposthumousPresidentialMedalofFreedomandputherfaceonthe17-centUSstamp.Thebook’sgreatimpact.TheuseofDDTwasbanned:EPAwasestablished;ItearnedCarsonaposthumousPresidentialMedaloffreedom1.Whataretheimpacts?2.Whatcausedagreatincreaseintheawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment?A.Carson’sresearch.B.Thefire--antprogram.C.Thegreenmovement.D.Somegypsymoths.√posthumous：post-(后)

+hum(土)，埋藏，引申為死→死后的ReadPara.4anddothefollowingexercises.BackgroundinformationTheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,establishedin1970,isanindependentagencyoftheUSgovernment.Itworkstoprotecthumanhealthandtheenvironmentthroughregulatingautoemissions,banningtheuseofDDT,cleaninguptoxicwaste,increasingrecycling,etc.BackgroundinformationPresidentialMedalofFreedom總統(tǒng)自由勛章是美國(guó)最高榮譽(yù)的文職勛章，由美國(guó)總統(tǒng)一年一度頒發(fā)，與國(guó)會(huì)金質(zhì)獎(jiǎng)?wù)虏⒘袨槊绹?guó)最高的平民榮譽(yù)。受獎(jiǎng)?wù)卟灰欢ㄊ敲绹?guó)公民。該榮譽(yù)向在科學(xué)、文化、體育和社會(huì)活動(dòng)等領(lǐng)域作出杰出貢獻(xiàn)的平民頒發(fā)。最早于1945年由哈里·S·杜魯門總統(tǒng)創(chuàng)立，以表彰在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中有杰出貢獻(xiàn)的平民。1963年約翰·肯尼迪總統(tǒng)重新恢復(fù)該勛章，并擴(kuò)充得獎(jiǎng)對(duì)象，修改為授予在和平時(shí)期有杰出貢獻(xiàn)的平民。SilentSpringwasnot,however,receivedpositivelybyeveryone.ThoughCarson’sresearchwasstrongandwassupportedbymostscientistswhoreviewedherwork,thebookquicklybecameatargetforcriticsinthepesticideindustry.TheysaidthatCarsondidnotunderstandthesciencebehindherargumentsbecauseshewasamarinebiologistratherthanachemist.Somealsosaidthatherworkwasmoreemotionalthanscientific.ThesewereattemptstodamageCarson’sreputationandstopherworkfrominfluencingpublicpolicy,butsheremaineddeterminedtostandbyherresearch.Carsonappearedinpublicandontelevisiontodefendherclaims–andtoday,morethan50yearsafteritwaspublished,thevoiceofSilentSpringisstillringingloudandclear.Commentsonthebook.1.Whatarethenegativevoices?TheysaidthatCarsondidnotunderstandthesciencebehindherarguments.Somealsosaidthatherworkwasmoreemotionalthanscientific.2.Facedwiththenegativevoices,whatdidCarsondo?Carsonappearedinpublicandontelevisiontodefendherclaims.ReadPara.5anddothefollowingexercises.3.WhodidCarsonmainlygetcriticismfrom?A.Mostscientists.B.Chemists.C.Marinebiologists.D.Pesticideindustrypeople.√Doyouagreethatfinancialprofitshouldcomeattheexpenseoftheenvironmentandthecreatureslivinginit?RachelCarson,writer,scientist,andecologist,

grewupsimplyintheruralrivertownofSpringdale,Pennsylvania.

RachelCarsonwroteonlyfourbooks,buteachoftheminsomemeasurechangedthewaywethoughtaboutourselvesandourworld.BackgroundinformationabouttheauthorRachelCarson.Personally,IenjoyCarson’sbook.Shemadeacrucialbutpotentiallydifficult-to-understandsubjectinterestingandaccessibletomillionsofpeople.Thisisnotsomuchbecauseofthequalityofherarguments,strongthoughtheyare,butbecauseofthebeautyandeleganceofherwriting.Herbooknotonlychangedtheworld;halfacenturylateritremainsabookthatdeservestoberereadtoday,sothatwecanonceagainfeelourselveswarmtothefireofitspassionatemessage.ForunlesswedolistentoRachelCarson’swarning,onedaywemaywakeuptothestrangeandquiethorrorofanothersilentspring.1.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoCarson’sbook?A.Critical. B.Indifferent.C.Supportive. D.Unfavourable.2.WhydoestheauthorenjoyCarson’sbook?A.Herwarningisstrong.B.Herbookhaschangedtheworld.C.Herwritingisbeautifulandelegant.D.Shedescribesabeautifulsilentspring.√√ReadPara.6anddothefollowingexercises.1.What’sthegenre(體裁)ofthepassage?A.Bookreview.B.Narrativewriting.C.Expositorywriting.D.Argumentativewriting.2.WhywasSilentSpringsosuccessful?A.Becauseitcausedagreatincreaseinenvironmentalawareness.B.Becausethewriterwasveryfamous.C.Becauseitreflectedtherealism.D.Becausethebirdsdescribedwereverynice.√√Readthewholepassageagainanddothefollowingexercises.3.OrganizeinformationfromthepassageandcompletethenotesaboutSilentSpring.SilentSpringAuthor:RachelCarsonYearofpublication:1._______________Purposes:?Carsonaimedtoalertpeopleto2._______________________________onnaturalecosystems.

?Shewishedtoseepesticidesusedina3.____________________________________________________way.Featuresofthebook:?Carsonwrotealotof4.______________________________________inthebook.?Theargumentsarestrongandthelanguageis5.__________________.Opposingvoices:?6.____________________saidthatCarson’sresearchisnotprecise.Carsonappearedinpublicandontelevisionto7._________________.Influenceofthebook:?8.______________wasbannedandtheEPAwasestablishedintheUS.

?Carsonearnedaposthumous9.____________________________.?Thebookchangedtheworldbyincreasingpeople’s10.___________________________.1962the

damaging

effectsof

human

activitymoreresponsible,limitedandcarefullymonitoredscientificinformation,examplesandresearch

beautifulandelegantThepesticideindustrydefendherclaimsTheuseofDDTPresidentialMedalofFreedomenvironmentalawarenessEnjoyavideo.Post-readingStudents’ownanswers.1.Whatisthemorallessonbehind“AFableforTomorrow”?(Criticalthinking)Activity1

Discussion2.InwhatdifferentwaysdoFirstSnowandSilentSpringraisepeople’sawarenessofnature?Students’ownanswers.ForunlesswedolistentoRachelCarson’swarning,onedaywemaywakeuptothestrangeandquiethorrorofanothersilentspring.

Financialprofitshouldnotcomeattheexpenseof

theenvironmentandthecreatureslivinginit.RachelCarsonwasascientistbyprofession,butshepublishedherbookSilentSpringin1962.Byimagining1.____worldwithoutbirds,sheaimedtoalertpeopletothedamagingeffectsofhumanactivityonnaturalecosystems—2.____particular,totheharmfuluseofpesticides,suchasDDT.

Carsonurgedpeople3.________(make)themselvesawareofthefactsanddosomethingaboutthesituation.

Carson’smessagewasveryalarming,4.________(cause)agreatincreaseinenvironmental5.__________(aware).Itsimpactwasimmediateandfar-reaching.Therefore,Silent

Spring6.___________(regard)asamilestoneinthelaunchofthegreenmovementintheWesternworld.SilentSpringwasnot,however，received7.__________(positive)byeveryone.Thebookquicklybecameatargetforcriticsinthepesticideindustry.ButCarsonremained8.__________(determine)tostandbyherresearch.Personally,IenjoyCarson’sbook.Halfacenturylateritremainsabook9._________deservestoberereadtoday,sothatwecanonceagainfeelourselveswarmtothefireofits10.__________(passion)message.aintomakecausingawarenessActivity2

Summarywasregardeddeterminedthat/whichpassionatepositivelySentencesAnalysis1.Shebelievedthatthechemicalindustrywasknowinglycausingharmtoplants,animalsandevenhumans,andwishedtoseepesticidesusedinamoreresponsible,limitedandcarefullymonitoredway.[句式分析]

此句為_______句。句子主語(yǔ)為_____，and連接并列的謂語(yǔ)________和______