山東省濟南市、棗莊市2022-2023學年高一下學期期中英語試題含解析

山東省濟南市、棗莊市2022-2023學年高一下學期期中英語試題含解析2022-2023學年下學期高一期中學情檢測英語試題本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分，共150分，考試用時120分鐘。第Ⅰ卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面五段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你將有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatdoweknowaboutHenry?A.Hehadanaccident.B.Heworkedinthehospital.C.Hesufferedfromaheadache.2.Howwillthemansendhisapplication?A.Inperson.B.Bypost.C.Bye-mail.3.Whyistheboyupset?A.Hefeelslonely.B.Hemissedtheflight.C.Hewillbeseparatefromhisparents.4.Howmuchwillthewomanlendtheman?A.￡5.B.￡7.C.￡9.5.Whatarethespeakersmostprobablytalkingabout?A.Anairconditioner.B.Theweather.C.Thetowncenter.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面五段對話或獨白。每段對話和獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你都有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhydidtheSmithscomejustnow?A.Toaskaboutapianoclass.B.Tomakeaninvitation.C.Toattendaparty.7.WhatistherelationshipbetweenMrsJohnsonandJudy?A.Neighbors.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Teacherandstudent.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atastore.B.Atschool.C.Athome.9.Whatisthemaincolorofthemudinthebackyard?A.Brown.B.Grey.C.Black.10.Whydoesthegirlagreetousethemud?A.Shewantsherplantstolookgood.B.Shewantstomakeherskinbright.C.Sheisstartingtofeelsick.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdidthewomangetyesterday?A.Thekeytoherapartment.B.Acopyofthehouserules.C.Aparkingspaceforhermotorbike.12.Wheredidthewomanusetoparkhermotorbike?A.Attheentrancetoherapartmentbuilding.B.Onthestreetbesideherapartmentbuilding.C.Ontheroadsideinfrontofherapartment.13.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Haveagoodtalkwithneighbors.B.Calltheapartmentmanager.C.Takeabustowork.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whichbookdoesthelibraryhavefourcopiesofintotal?A.TheTippingPoint.B.WhattheDogSaw.C.Blink.15.WhenwillWhattheDogSawbeavailable?A.BythisSunday.B.BythisSaturday.C.BythisFriday.16.WhoborrowedthecopiesofTheTippingPoint?A.Acollege.B.MalcolmGladwell.C.Studentsfromhighschool.17.Whattimedoesthelibrarycloseonweekdays?A.At3:30p.m.B.At5:30p.m.C.At7:30p.m.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhereistheSculptureGarden?A.OnTrafalgarRoad.B.Ontheleftofthebridge.C.Oppositetheentrance,19.Whatisapopularareaofthefestival?A.TheCraftMarket.B.TheSculptureGarden.C.TheCateringVillage.20.Whatisthetraditionofthefestival?A.Modernplays.B.Areadingcontest.C.Livemusicperformances.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ABESTCULTURALFESTIVALSINTHEWORLDIfyou’replanningonhittingaculturalfestivalthisyear,makesureyoucheckoutthebackgroundinformationaboutsomeofthem.BURNINGMAN(NEVADA,USA)BurningManstartedin1986,whenLarryHarveyandJerryJamesbuilta8-foot-tallwoodenfigureanddraggedittoSanFrancisco’sBakerBeach.Theylititonfireandthusoneoftheworld’sstrangest,wildestpartieswasborn.IttakesplacefromthelastSundayinAugusttoLaborDay,withanemphasisonfreedom,creativity,andself-expression.CARNIVAL(RIODEJANEIRO,BRAZIL)Arguablythebiggestfestivalintheworld,Brazil’sCarnivaliswidelyconsidered“thegreatestshowonEarth”.TheeventtakesplaceinFebruaryorMarch,attractingnearly5millionpeoplewho’rebakingintheheateachyear.Thereareannualsambacompetitionsforthecelebration,andthecarnivalparadesareusuallythestuffoflegend.ICE&SNOWSCULPTUREFESTIVAL(HARBIN,CHINA)LocatedinNortheastChina,HarbinreceivessomeseriouslycoldwinterwindsblowingoverfromSiberia.Sowhywouldanyhealthypersonwanttovisitforthismonth-longChinesefestival,whichofficiallystartsonJanuary5.Becauseit’shometothelargesticesculpturesintheworld,andthecelebrationtakesovertheentirecity.Activitiesintheareaduringthefestivalincludetouringicelanternexhibitionsandswimmingintheriver’scoldwaters.KING’SDAY(AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS)TherestoftheworldcouldlearnathingortwofromtheNetherlandsaboutproperlycelebratingthenationalgovernor’sbirthday.King’sDayisnowofficiallycelebratedonApril27andincludesanofficialgovernmentceremonyfollowedbysportingcompetitionsandfamily-friendlycelebrations.Thegreatclimatealsomakesforidealconditionsforacountry-widefleamarketyouhavetoseetobelieve.1.WhichfestivalcanpeopleattendinAugust?A.BurningMan. B.Carnival.C.Ice&SnowSculptureFestival. D.King’sDay.2.WhatdoCarnivalandIce&SnowSculptureFestivalhaveincommon?A.Theysharereligiousorigins.B.Theyattractvisitorsmostatnight.C.Theyincludeunderwateractivities.D.Theyareheldinextremetemperatures.3.WhatisspecialaboutKing’sDay?A.Itiscelebratedaroundtheworld.B.Itendswithawonderfulceremony.C.Itfeaturesanicelanternexhibition.D.Itisinhonoroftheheadofthecountry.【答案】1.A2.D3.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾個著名的世界各地的文化節(jié)?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BURNINGMAN(NEVADA,USA)下列段落中“IttakesplacefromthelastSundayinAugusttoLaborDay,withanemphasisonfreedom,creativity,andself-expression.(每年8月的最后一個星期天到勞動節(jié)，強調自由、創(chuàng)造力和自我表達。)”可知，8月份人們可以參加BurningMan(火人節(jié))。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CARNIVAL下列段落中“TheeventtakesplaceinFebruaryorMarch,attractingnearly5millionpeoplewho’rebakingintheheateachyear.(該活動在2月或3月舉行，每年吸引近500萬人在炎熱中烘烤。)”和ICE&SNOWSCULPTUREFESTIVAL下列段落中“LocatedinNortheastChina,HarbinreceivessomeseriouslycoldwinterwindsblowingoverfromSiberia.(哈爾濱位于中國東北，冬季有從西伯利亞吹來的凜冽寒風。)”及“Activitiesintheareaduringthefestivalincludetouringicelanternexhibitionsandswimmingintheriver’scoldwaters.(節(jié)日期間，該地區(qū)的活動包括參觀冰燈展覽和在冰冷的河水中游泳。)”可知，這兩個節(jié)日都在極端的溫度下舉行。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KING’SDAY下列段落中“TherestoftheworldcouldlearnathingortwofromtheNetherlandsaboutproperlycelebratingthenationalgovernor’sbirthday.(世界其他國家可以向荷蘭學習如何恰當?shù)貞c祝國家統(tǒng)治者的生日。)”可知，King’sDay(國王節(jié))是為了紀念國家元首。故選D項。BPayingoffstudentloans(貸款)canbechallengingandstressful.Itmaymeanstartingoutone’slifewithdebt.ThisisexactlywhatcollegebasketballstarAnthonyLealdidnotwantforhisbelovedsister.AnthonyLeal,smartandathletic,isabusinessmajoratIndianaUniversityandplaysasapointguardfortheIndianaHoosiers.Whenhefoundoutthathissisterhadahugeamounttopayinstudentloans,hethoughtoftakingadvantageofthebenefitshecouldgetfromplayingbasketball.In2021,NCAAallowedcollegeathleteslikeLealtoearnpromotionalmoneythroughphotographsigning,socialmediainteractions,advertisingcampaigns,andeventeachingcampsandlessons.Thankstoit,Lealwasabletosavemoneyandhelpedtakeofftheburdenonhissister’sshoulders.OnChristmasday,hesurprisedhissisterLaurenbylettingherknowwhathe’sbeenuptointhepasttwoyears.Laurenwasveryemotionalafterreadingherbrother’sheartwarmingnote.“ThereisnodoubtthatIhavemadeittowhereIamtodaybecauseofyou,”Lealwrote.“Someonelikeyoudeservesnoburdensorrestrictionsinlife,andIfeelthatthebestwaytohelpwiththatisbypayingoffyourstudentloandebt.”Besideslookingbackonseveralpreciousmomentsintheirchildhood,Lealalsomentionedinthenotethathedidn’texpecthissistertopaybackthemoney.Instead,hehopedshewouldpayitforward.Laurenwasgratefulforherbrother’shugeeffortstopayoffherstudentloans.“Afterthosethingsweredone,Iwasgoingtositdownandgetasettledplan,”saidLauren.“IcangofullsteamaheadinmyfutureandwhatIwanttoaccomplish,whatIwanttodo,withouthavingthatjustweighingmedownandholdingmeback.Soit’sjustincredible,”shesaid.4.HowdidLealhelphissisterpayofftheloans?A.Bywinningscholarships.B.Byturningtohisteam.C.Byjoiningincommercialactivities.D.Byreducingdailyexpenses.5.WhatdidLealexpectLaurentodo?A.Toenjoyabsolutefreedom. B.Torealizechildhooddreams.C.Toshowkindnesstoothers. D.Topaybackthemoneylater.6.HowdidLaurenfeelwithherdebtspaidoff?A.Hopefulandconcerned. B.Freeandexcited.C.Relievedbutnervous. D.Pleasedbutanxious.7.What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.ASurprisingChristmasGift B.ATargetedStudentLoanC.AChallengingUniversityLife D.ATalentedBasketballplayer【答案】4.C5.C6.B7.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，作為圣誕禮物，Leal幫助妹妹Lauren償還學生貸款的故事?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“In2021,NCAAallowedcollegeathleteslikeLealtoearnpromotionalmoneythroughphotographsigning,socialmediainteractions,advertisingcampaigns,andeventeachingcampsandlessons.Thankstoit,Lealwasabletosavemoneyandhelpedtakeofftheburdenonhissister’sshoulders.(2021年，NCAA允許像Leal這樣的大學運動員通過照片簽名、社交媒體互動、廣告活動甚至教學營和課程來賺取宣傳費用。多虧了它，Leal能夠存錢，并幫助減輕妹妹肩上的負擔。)”可知，Leal通過參加商業(yè)活動幫助他的妹妹還清學生貸款。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Besideslookingbackonseveralpreciousmomentsintheirchildhood,Lealalsomentionedinthenotethathedidn’texpecthissistertopaybackthemoney.Instead,hehopedshewouldpayitforward.(除了回顧他們童年的一些珍貴時刻，Leal還在便條中提到，他不希望妹妹還錢。相反，他希望她能把愛傳遞出去。)”可知，Leal希望妹妹向他人表示愛心。故選C項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“IcangofullsteamaheadinmyfutureandwhatIwanttoaccomplish,whatIwanttodo,withouthavingthatjustweighingmedownandholdingmeback.Soit’sjustincredible.(我可以全力推進我的未來，完成我想完成的事情，做我想做的事情，而不是讓我感到沮喪和阻礙。所以這太不可思議了。)”可知，Lauren在償還完貸款后感到自由和興奮。故選B項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)第三段中“OnChristmasday,hesurprisedhissisterLaurenbylettingherknowwhathe’sbeenuptointhepasttwoyears.(圣誕節(jié)那天，他讓妹妹勞倫大吃一驚，告訴她過去兩年他都在做些什么。)”以及“Someonelikeyoudeservesnoburdensorrestrictionsinlife,andIfeelthatthebestwaytohelpwiththatisbypayingoffyourstudentloandebt.(像你這樣的人在生活中不應該有負擔或限制，我覺得最好的幫助方式就是還清你的學生貸款債務。)”可知，本文講述了，作為圣誕禮物，Leal幫助妹妹Lauren償還學生貸款的故事。A項“一份驚喜的圣誕禮物”符合主題，故選A項。CBirdsflymoreefficientlybyfoldingtheirwingsduringtheupstroke(上行運動),accordingtoarecentstudyledbyLundUniversityinSweden.Theresultscouldmeanthatwing-foldingisthenextstepinincreasingtheadvancingefficiencyofflappingdrones(無人機).Evenprevioustobirds,extinctbird-likedinosaursbenefitedfromfoldingtheirwingsastheydevelopedactiveflight.Amongflyinganimalsalivetoday,birdsarethemostefficient.Thismakesthemparticularlyinterestingasinspirationforthedevelopmentofdrones.However,determiningwhichflappingstrategyisthebestrequiresaerodynamicstudiesofvariouswaysofflappingthewings.Therefore,aSwedishresearchteamhasconstructedaroboticwingthatcanachievejustthat—flappinglikeabird,andbeyond.“Wehavebuiltaroboticwingthatflapmorelikeabirdthanpreviousrobots.Bymeasuringtheperformanceofthewinginourwindtunnel,wehavestudiedhowdifferentwaysofachievingthewingupstrokeaffectforceandenergyinflight,”saysChristoffer.Headdsthat“Thenewroboticwingcanbeusedtoanswerquestionsaboutbirdflightthatwouldbeimpossiblesimplybyobservingflyingbirds.Researchintotheflightabilityoflivingbirdsislimitedtotheflappingmovementthatthebirdactuallyuses.”Theresearchexplainswhybirdsflapthewaytheydo,byfindingoutwhichmovementpatternscreatethemostforceandarethemostefficient.Basedontheresult,therearemanypotentialusesfordroneswheretheseinsightscanbeputtogooduse.“Flappingdronescouldbeusedinmanyfields,likedeliveringgoods,buttheywouldneedtobeefficientenoughandabletolifttheextraweightthisinvolves.Howthewingsmoveisofgreatimportanceforperformance,sothisiswhereourresearchcouldcomeinhandy,”concludesChristoffer.8.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Byraisinganopinion. B.Bygivinganexample.C.Bystatingastudyresult. D.Byintroducinganinvention.9.Whydidtheteamconstructaroboticwing?A.Tocollecttheflyingdataofbirds.B.Todecidethebestwayofflapping.C.Toprovetheadvantagesofdrones.D.Tofindoutthemostefficientflyinganimals.10.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A.Theresearchhassomelimitations.BTheresearchfocusedonbirdsflapping.C.Theroboticwingimprovesbirds’flight.D.Theroboticwingperformsbetterthanbirds.11.WhatmayChristofferagree?A.Thedronehasbeenwidelyused.B.Theresearchneedsmoresupport.C.Flappingwingsareofgreatimportance.D.Theresearchmayhavemanyapplications.【答案】8.C9.B10.B11.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項研究，鳥類在向上拍打時折疊翅膀會更有效地飛行，這一結果可能意味著機翼折疊有助于提高撲翼無人機推進效率。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Birdsflymoreefficientlybyfoldingtheirwingsduringtheupstroke(上行運動),accordingtoarecentstudyledbyLundUniversityinSweden.Theresultscouldmeanthatwing-foldingisthenextstepinincreasingtheadvancingefficiencyofflappingdrones(無人機).(根據(jù)瑞典隆德大學最近的一項研究，鳥類在向上拍打時折疊翅膀會更有效地飛行。這一結果可能意味著機翼折疊是提高撲翼無人機推進效率的下一步。)”可知，作者是通過陳述研究結果引入主題的。故選C項。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,determiningwhichflappingstrategyisthebestrequiresaerodynamicstudiesofvariouswaysofflappingthewings.Therefore,aSwedishresearchteamhasconstructedaroboticwingthatcanachievejustthat—flappinglikeabird,andbeyond.(然而，要確定哪種撲翼策略是最好的，就需要對各種撲翼方式進行空氣動力學研究。因此，瑞典的一個研究小組制造了一種機器人翅膀，它可以做到這一點——像鳥一樣拍動，甚至更遠。)”可知，為了決定拍動的最佳方式，這個團隊要制造一個機器人翅膀。故選B項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theresearchexplainswhybirdsflapthewaytheydo,byfindingoutwhichmovementpatternscreatethemostforceandarethemostefficient.(這項研究通過找出哪種運動模式能產(chǎn)生最大的力量和最有效的方式來解釋鳥類拍打翅膀的原因。)”可知，研究的重點是鳥類翅膀的拍動。故選B項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Christoffer所說“Flappingdronescouldbeusedinmanyfields,likedeliveringgoods,buttheywouldneedtobeefficientenoughandabletolifttheextraweightthisinvolves.(撲翼無人機可以用于許多領域，比如送貨，但它們需要足夠高效，并且能夠舉起額外的重量。)”可知，Christoffer認為這項研究可能有很多應用。故選D項。DAsCOVID-19spreadaroundtheglobethisspring,peoplesoughtcomfortinmusic.Thattheyhaveusedmusictoconnect,comfort,andliftspiritsduringtheseunsettlingtimescomesasnosurprisetoDavidSilbersweig,chairmanoftheDepartmentofPsychiatry(精神病學)atBrighamandhispartner,Haddad.SilbersweigandHaddadarebothmusicianswithlastinginterestsinhowmusicexcitesthebrain—andhowitcanbeusedtoimprovehealth.Theyfoundwhenpeoplearedealingwithverystressfulsituations,musicisuniversallyacceptedassomethinghelpfulduringtheseperiods.Silbersweigexplainedthattheprocessbywhichtheyrecognizeaseriesofsoundsasmusicisincrediblycomplex.Itstartswithsoundwavesenteringtheear,strikingtheeardrum,andcausingvibrations(振動)thataretransformedintoelectricsignals.Thesesignalstraveltothebrainstem,thentheyspreadtoactivatedifferentpartsofthebrain.Itisnoteworthythatdifferentpartsofthebrainareactivated,dependingonthetypeofmusicandwhetherwearelistening,playing,learning,orcomposingmusic.Musiccanchangebrainstructureandfunction,bothafterbeingheardimmediatelyandrepeatedly,accordingtotheresearch.Thesechangesinbrainconnectivitysuggestopportunitiestoactivatecertainregionstopromoterecovery.SilbersweigandHaddadlookforwardtousingcutting-edgebrainresearchtobuildonwhat’salreadyknownabouttheamazingpowerofmusictohelppatients.Thepairfindpeoplewithshort-termmemorylossfromAlzheimer’sdiseaseoftenrecognizefamiliarsongslike“HappyBirthday”becausetheyhavebeenstoredintotheirbrain’slong-termmemory.Haddadwitnessedthisresponsewhileperformingforpatientsinhospitals.Shenoted,“Therearemanypatientswhoareessentiallyseated,lyingdown,eyesclosed,notabletocommunicate.Butwhenyouplayasongthattheyrecognizefromtheiryouth,theireyeslightup.They’resittingupandsmiling,too.It’sjustincredible.”12.Whatcanmusicdoaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Stopthespreadofdisease. B.Promotescientificresearch.C.Cheerpeopleupinhardtimes. D.Improvepeople’slearningability.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”refertoinParagraph3?A.Thebrain. B.Theprocess. C.Theresearch. D.Themusic.14.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Thefindingsoftheresearch. B.Themethodsoftheresearch.C.Thedifferenttypesofmusic. D.Thechangesofbrainstructure.15.WhatdidHaddadthinkofthepatients’response?A.Worrying. B.Puzzling. C.Satisfying. D.Amazing.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在新冠肺炎期間，人們選擇用音樂來撫慰人心。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thattheyhaveusedmusictoconnect,comfort,andliftspiritsduringtheseunsettlingtimescomesasnosurprisetoDavidSilbersweig,chairmanoftheDepartmentofPsychiatry(精神病學)atBrighamandhispartner,Haddad.(布里格姆大學精神病學系主任大衛(wèi)·西爾伯斯威格和他的搭檔哈達德毫不驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，在這些令人不安的時刻，他們用音樂來聯(lián)系、安慰和振奮精神)”和第二段中的“Theyfoundwhenpeoplearedealingwithverystressfulsituations,musicisuniversallyacceptedassomethinghelpfulduringtheseperiods.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，當人們在處理非常緊張的情況時，音樂被普遍認為是在這些時期有用的東西)”可推知，在困難時期，音樂對于人精神上的緩解有著非常大的作用，可以鼓舞在低谷時期的人。故選C。【13題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Silbersweigexplainedthattheprocessbywhichtheyrecognizeaseriesofsoundsasmusicisincrediblycomplex.(西爾伯斯威格解釋說，他們將一系列聲音識別為音樂的過程非常復雜)及“Itstartswithsoundwavesenteringtheear,strikingtheeardrum,andcausingvibrations(振動)thataretransformedintoelectricsignals.Thesesignalstraveltothebrainstem,thentheyspreadtoactivatedifferentpartsofthebrain.(首先，聲波進入耳朵，撞擊鼓膜，引起振動，振動轉化為電信號。這些信號傳遞到腦干，然后擴散到激活大腦的不同部位)”可知，該段提到了聲波傳入耳朵時進行的運動，包括調動大腦的活動，這個過程是相當復雜的。由此可知，劃線處“It”應該指代的是聲波傳入耳朵最終到達大腦的過程。故選B?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Musiccanchangebrainstructureandfunction,bothafterbeingheardimmediatelyandrepeatedly,accordingtotheresearch.Thesechangesinbrainconnectivitysuggestopportunitiestoactivatecertainregionstopromoterecovery.(根據(jù)這項研究，音樂可以改變大腦的結構和功能，無論是在立即聽到還是反復聽到之后。大腦連通性的這些變化表明有機會激活某些區(qū)域以促進恢復)”及在該段還提到相應的例子“Thepairfindpeoplewithshort-termmemorylossfromAlzheimer’sdiseaseoftenrecognizefamiliarsongslike“HappyBirthday”becausetheyhavebeenstoredintotheirbrain’slong-termmemory.(兩人發(fā)現(xiàn)，患有阿爾茨海默病短期記憶喪失的人經(jīng)常能認出像“生日快樂”這樣熟悉的歌曲，因為這些歌曲已經(jīng)儲存在大腦的長期記憶中)”可知，該段主要介紹了阿爾茲海默癥患者識別出“生日快樂”這一實驗的結果，即長期儲存在大腦里的音樂可能會激活某些區(qū)域以促進恢復。故選A。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Shenoted,“Therearemanypatientswhoareessentiallyseated,lyingdown,eyesclosed,notabletocommunicate.Butwhenyouplayasongthattheyrecognizefromtheiryouth,theireyeslightup.They’resittingupandsmiling,too.It’sjustincredible.”(她指出：“有許多病人基本上是坐著，躺著，閉著眼睛，無法交流。但當你播放一首他們小時候聽過的歌時，他們的眼睛就會亮起來。他們也坐了起來，面帶微笑。真是難以置信?！?”可知，Haddad認為看到阿爾茲海默癥患者聽到熟悉的音樂而做出積極的反饋時，是一件讓人難以置信的事。由此推知，她對于患者的表現(xiàn)非常的驚訝。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Haveyoueverwalkedintoahealthfoodstoreorjuicestoreandspottedvarious“immuneboosting”(提升免疫力的)shotsanddrinkoptions?____16____However,youarestillnotsurewhetheryoushouldgivethematry.Let’sbreakitdown.____17____Themainfunctionofitistoprotectusfromgettinginfections(感染)inthefirstplace.Meanwhile,itfightsagainstinfectionsiftheydooccur.Therefore,ourimmunesystemprotectsourbody.Vaccinations(疫苗接種)areanexampleofonewaywecangainimmunity.Throughoutlifetherearevariousrecommendedvaccinations,fornewbornsandadultsaswell.____18____Itprotectsusagainstinfectionsandreducestherisksofpeoplecatchingflu.Manyfruitsandvegetableshavegottenthe“immuneboosting”titlebecausetheycontainvariousvitaminsandminerals.Fruitslikelemonsarehelpfulatfightingthecommoncold.Immuneboostingdrinksarejuicesmadefromfruitsandvegetables,whichclaimtohelpyourbodyfightinfections.Youcanfindtheminthestoreswhicharequitepricey.____19____Sonow,shouldyougivethemashot?An“immuneboosting”drinkhavevitaminsthatprovidehealthbenefitstothebody,whilethereisnomagicchoicetohealthornutrition.____20____Thebestwaytokeepyourimmunesystemhealthyandfunctioningwellistoeatawell-balanceddiethighinfruitsandvegetables.A.Youcanalsochoosetomakethemathome.B.Thefluvaccineisoneofthegoodexamples.C.Oneveryimportantsysteminourbodyistheimmunesystem.D.Vaccinationhelpsourbodybebetterabletofighttheinfection.E.Ifyouhaven’theardofthisyou’renotcontributingtothemarket.F.Maybeyoureadonlineaboutthepotentialbenefitsofthesedrinks.G.Thereisn’tasinglefoodordrinkthat’shealthierorcancureadisease.【答案】16.F17.C18.B19.A20.G【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了增強免疫力的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Haveyoueverwalkedintoahealthfoodstoreorjuicestoreandspottedvarious“immuneboosting”(提升免疫力的)shotsanddrinkoptions?(你是否曾經(jīng)走進一家健康食品店或果汁店，看到各種“免疫增強”？)”可知，很多人會看到很多可以通過喝一些健康飲料增強免疫力的信息。根據(jù)下文“However,youarestillnotsurewhetheryoushouldgivethematry.(然而，你仍然不確定是否應該試一試)”可知，你可能在各個渠道都能看到這樣相關的信息。由此可知，F(xiàn)項“Maybeyoureadonlineaboutthepotentialbenefitsofthesedrinks.(也許你在網(wǎng)上讀到了這些飲料的潛在好處)”能夠承上啟下，符合語境。故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Themainfunctionofitistoprotectusfromgettinginfections(感染)inthefirstplace.Meanwhile,itfightsagainstinfectionsiftheydooccur.Therefore,ourimmunesystemprotectsourbody.(它的主要功能首先是保護我們免受感染。與此同時，如果感染發(fā)生，它還能抵抗感染。因此，我們的免疫系統(tǒng)保護我們的身體)”可知，本段主要介紹了免疫系統(tǒng)對人體健康的作用。由此可知，C項“Oneveryimportantsysteminourbodyistheimmunesystem.(我們身體中一個非常重要的系統(tǒng)是免疫系統(tǒng))”適合作本段主題句。故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Vaccinations(疫苗接種)areanexampleofonewaywecangainimmunity.Throughoutlifetherearevariousrecommendedvaccinations,fornewbornsandadultsaswell.(接種疫苗是我們獲得免疫力的一個例子。在一生中，有各種推薦的疫苗接種，對新生兒和成年人也是如此)”可知，此處介紹了接種疫苗也可以使人獲得免疫力。根據(jù)下文“Itprotectsusagainstinfectionsandreducestherisksofpeoplecatchingflu.(它可以保護我們免受感染，降低人們患流感的風險)”可知，此處介紹了可以抵抗流感的例子。由此可知，B項“Thefluvaccineisoneofthegoodexamples.(流感疫苗就是一個很好的例子)”能夠承上啟下，符合語境。故選B?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Immuneboostingdrinksarejuicesmadefromfruitsandvegetables,whichclaimtohelpyourbodyfightinfections.Youcanfindtheminthestoreswhicharequitepricey.(增強免疫力的飲料是由水果和蔬菜制成的果汁，它們聲稱能幫助你的身體對抗感染。你可以在商店里找到它們，它們很貴)”可知，如果覺得在商店里購買水果汁很貴的話，可以選擇自己在家制作，這樣會便宜一些。由此可知，A項“Youcanalsochoosetomakethemathome.(你也可以選擇在家制作水果汁)”能夠承接上文，符合語境。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“An“immuneboosting”drinkhavevitaminsthatprovidehealthbenefitstothebody,whilethereisnomagicchoicetohealthornutrition.(“增強免疫力”的飲料含有對身體有益的維生素，而對健康或營養(yǎng)沒有神奇的選擇)”及下文“Thebestwaytokeepyourimmunesystemhealthyandfunctioningwellistoeatawell-balanceddiethighinfruitsandvegetables.(保持免疫系統(tǒng)健康和功能良好的最好方法是吃均衡的飲食，多吃水果和蔬菜)”可知，如果要保持良好的免疫系統(tǒng)的話就要吃的健康和均衡，并不能只吃單一的食物，這樣對身體健康也不好。由此可知，G項“Thereisn’tasinglefoodordrinkthat’shealthierorcancureadisease.(沒有一種食物或飲料更健康或能治愈疾病)”能夠承上啟下，符合語境。故選G。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Seven-year-oldEverettWrightwithautism(自閉癥)fellinlovewithStarWarsKraftDinner,anoodleproductofKraftHeinzCanada.Likemanychildrenwithautism,Everettalso____21____withsmellandtasteofmanyfoods.Sohisparentswereexcitedwhenhe____22____aloveforStarWarsKraftDinner.HisfatherReedWrightsaid“Itwas____23____.Ihaven’tseenhiminterestedinanew____24____foralongtime.”Butsoonafter____25____alltheboxestheycouldfind,thefamilystillneededmore.Reedfoundit____26____tofindanyStarWarsKraftDinneratlocalstores.Sohe____27____apostonFacebook,askingforhelptrackingdownStarWarsKraftDinner.The____28____spreadquicklyonline.ThousandssharedReed’spostonsocialmediaand____29____tohelp.StarWarsKraftDinner______30______fromacrossNorthAmerica.KraftHeinzCanada______31______144boxestotheWrightsandevenaskedEveretttoselectthenewshapeforthecompany’snoodles.Reedhadtoaskpeopletostopwiththeir______32______afterjustafewdays,becausethe______33______wasfargreaterthanhecouldhaveimagined.Hesaid,“Tillnow,wehavereceivedover800boxes.Weare______34______forallthattheyhavedone.Everettis______35______thank-youcardsforeverydonor.”Headdedthattheoutpouringhastaughthisfourkidsalesson:“Thereisgoodintheworld.”21.A.struggled B.finished C.lived D.competed22.A.needed B.begged C.developed D.required23.A.confusing B.unbelievable C.unacceptable D.embarrassing24.A.food B.toy C.friend D.restaurant25.A.borrowing B.donating C.eating D.buying26A.unnecessary B.impossible C.inconvenient D.meaningless27.A.noticed B.issued C.spread D.received28.A.request B.trouble C.order D.secret29.A.volunteered B.agreed C.preferred D.hesitated30.A.tookover B.stoodout C.floodedin D.showedoff31A.sold B.left C.lent D.delivered32.A.posts B.calls C.offers D.services33.A.response B.event C.challenge D.satisfaction34.A.anxious B.grateful C.responsible D.concerned35.A.sharing B.folding C.signing D.printing【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.B27.B28.A29.A30.C31.D32.C33.A34.B35.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。講述了患有自閉癥的兒童Everett喜歡上了一種食物StarWarsKraftDinner，父母很高興，但是在吃完這種食物后，在當?shù)鼐唾I不到了，父親在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布帖子后，收到各地寄來大量這種食物的愛心故事。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：和許多自閉癥兒童一樣，Everett對許多食物的嗅覺和味覺也有困難。A.struggled斗爭，艱難地進行；B.finished完成；C.lived生活；D.competed競爭。根據(jù)前文“Seven-year-oldEverettWrightwithautism(自閉癥)”可知，Everett對食物的嗅覺和味覺有困難。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所以當他喜歡上StarWarsKraftDinner時，他的父母很興奮。A.needed需要；B.begged乞求；C.developed發(fā)展，養(yǎng)成；D.required要求。根據(jù)前文“hisparentswereexcited”和后文“aloveforStarWarsKraftDinner.”可知，他喜歡上這種食物。developalove“喜歡，愛上”符合句意，故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的父親ReedWright說：“這真是難以置信。我很久沒見他對一種新食物感興趣了。”A.confusing困惑的；B.unbelievable難以置信的；C.unacceptable不可接受的；D.embarrassing令人尷尬的。根據(jù)后文“Ihaven’tseenhiminterestedinanew____4____foralongtime.”可知，Reed感到這難以置信的。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我很久沒見他對一種新的食物感興趣了。A.food食物；B.toy玩具；C.friend朋友；D.restaurant餐館。根據(jù)前文“StarWarsKraftDinner,anoodleproduct”可知，這是一種食物。故選A項。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但在買完所有能找到的這種食物后，很快這家人還需要更多的這種食物。A.borrowing借出；B.donating捐贈；C.eating吃；D.buying買。根據(jù)常識和后文“Reedfoundit____6____tofindanyStarWarsKraftDinneratlocalstores.”可知，他們要買這種食物。故選D項?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Reed發(fā)現(xiàn)在當?shù)氐纳痰昀镆呀?jīng)不可能找到任何的StarWarsKraftDinner。A.unnecessary不必要的；B.impossible不可能的；C.inconvenient不方便的；D.meaningless無意義的。根據(jù)語境和后文“Sohe____7____apostonFacebook,askingforhelp”可知，當?shù)氐纳痰昀镆呀?jīng)不可能找不到這種食物。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所以他在Facebook上發(fā)了一條帖子，請求幫助尋找StarWarsKraftDinner。A.noticed注意到；B.issued發(fā)布；C.spread傳播；D.received收到。根據(jù)后文“onFacebook”可知，他發(fā)布了帖子。故選