高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 1 Great scientists高考拆組訓(xùn)練 新人教版必修5-新人教版高三必修5英語試題

Unit1Greatscientists閱讀理解組塊專練——練速度(限時(shí)：35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解ACrazyFestivalsMiketheHeadlessChickenFestivalIn1945,farmerLloydOlsenattemptedtocutofftheheadofMike,achicken,sohiswifecouldcookitupfordinner.However,thebirddidn'tdieandlivedanotheryearandahalf,makingregulartripstothefair,wherepeoplepaidaquartertoseetheamazingheadlessbird.Today,thespiritofMiketheHeadlessChickeniscelebratedwithatwo-dayMayfestivalinFruita,Colorado,whichincludeslivemusic,agolftournament,andlotsofdeliciouschicken.RoswellUFOFestivalInthesummerof1947,aflyingsaucer(碟狀物)crashedonalargefarmoutsidethetownofRoswell,NewMexico.Thegovernmentsaysitdidn'tcomefromouterspace,butmanytopUFOresearchersbelieveitdid.Knowingagoodthingwhenitcrashesintheirbackyard,thecitizensofRoswellcelebratetheeventeveryJulywithathree-dayfestivalthatfeaturesacostumecontest,aparadeandotheractivities.Becareful,though—that_odd_little_person_next_to_you_could_be_from_another_planet.World'sLargestRattlesnakeRoundupTherattlesnake,apoisonousAmericansnake,servesanimportantfunctioninnaturebykeepingsmallpestsundercontrol,butwhentheirnumbersgrowtoolarge,theycancauseseriousproblemsforfarmers.That'swhyeveryMarchtheresidentsofSweetwater,Visitorscanlearnaboutrattlesnakes,takeabustouroftheirnaturalhabitat,participateinarattlesnakeeatingcontestandsoon.BugFestEverySeptember,theNorthCarolinaMuseumofNaturalSciencesinRaleighsponsorsadaylongfestivalthatfocusesonsomethingmostpeopletrytoavoid:insects.Visitorscanholdbugsthatarenotnative,cheeronracinginsectsandlearnaboutbeekeeping.ButthehighlightformanyisCaféInsecta,wherebugsarethemainingredientinavarietyoftastydishes.語篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個(gè)古怪的節(jié)日。1．LloydOlsencutoffthechicken'sheadbecause________.A．hisfamilywantedtoeatitB．hewantedtosellitsmeatatthefairC．hisfamilywantedtocelebrateaheadlesschickenfestivalD．hewantedtomakemoneybyshowingaheadlesschicken解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個(gè)節(jié)日介紹中的“farmerLloydOlsenattemptedtocutofftheheadofMike,achicken,sohiswifecouldcookitupfordinner”可知答案。2．Bywritingtheunderlinedpart,theauthorwantsto________.A．remindreadersthataliensdoexistB．a(chǎn)ddanairofmysterytothefestivalC．implythathemayattendthefestivalD．describethefunofthecostumecontest解析：選B句意理解題。根據(jù)文章對第二個(gè)節(jié)日的介紹可知，作者以客觀的口吻介紹了這個(gè)外星人節(jié)日的來源及節(jié)日內(nèi)容等，并未對外星人是否存在表明自己的觀點(diǎn)。由此可推測，作者最后說“你旁邊那個(gè)奇怪的矮人可能來自另一個(gè)星球”只是為了給這個(gè)節(jié)日增加些神秘氣氛。3．What'sthepurposeoftheWorld'sLargestRattlesnakeRoundup?A．Toincreasethelocaltourism.B．Toprotectrattlesnakes'habitats.C．Tocontrolthepopulationofrattlesnakes.D．Tointroducetheimportanceofrattlesnakes.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個(gè)節(jié)日介紹中的“whentheirnumbersgrowtoolarge,theycancauseseriousproblemsforfarmers.That'swhyeveryMarchtheresidentsofSweetwater,Texas,hostathree-dayfestival...”可知答案。4．Whichofthefollowingistheearliestfestivaloftheyear?A．MiketheHeadlessChickenFestival.B．RoswellUFOFestival.C．World'sLargestRattlesnakeRoundup.D．BugFest.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)四個(gè)節(jié)日的舉辦時(shí)間：五月、七月、三月和九月可知，C選項(xiàng)為一年中最早的節(jié)日。BOnceamanneededanewpairofshoes.Thismanwasverygoodatmath.Heknewthatinordertogetshoesthatfitverywell,itwouldbenecessarytomeasurehisfootsizecorrectly.So,beforehewenttothemarket,hecarefullymeasuredhisfeetanddrewaverydetailedpictureofhisfeetonapieceofpaper.Thenbeforeleavingthehouse,likeagoodmathematician,herecheckedhispicture.Itwasaverylongwayfromtheman'shometothemarket.Itwaspastmid-daywhenthemanarrivedatthemarket.Whenthemanreachedtheshoestall,herealizedthathehadforgottentobringhispaper.Heturnedaroundandwalkedallthewaybackhometogetit.Itwasnearlysunsetwhenthemanreturnedtothemarket.Therehefoundthemarketwasclosing.Theshoemakerhadpackedupallofhisshoes.“Foolishman，”theshoemakersaidtothemanwhenhewasaskedtounpackhisgoodstomakeasale.“Whydidyounotjusttryontheshoes？”Themanhunghisheadshamefully,saying,“Iguessedtherewasonlyonewaytosolvemyproblem.Ishouldhavecheckedwithothersforanothersolutionthatmighthaveworkedaswellorbetterthanmyown.”Theaboveshortstoryworkswellwithschoolstudentsandalsoteachers.Don'ttrytosolveaproblemwithasinglepointofview;theremaybemanyotherwaysofsolvingthesameproblem.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過一則短篇故事告訴我們：一個(gè)問題往往不只有一種解決辦法。5．Beforethemanwenttothemarket,he________.A．a(chǎn)skedothersforsomeadviceB．knewwellabouthisfootsizeC．measuredhisoldshoescarefullyD．drewapairofshoesonapieceofpaper解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“So,beforehewenttothemarket,hecarefullymeasuredhisfeetanddrewaverydetailedpictureofhisfeetonapieceofpaper.”可知，在去集市之前，那位男子仔細(xì)地測量了自己的腳的尺寸。6．Theshoemakerconsideredthemantobe________.A．stupid B．strangeC．clever D．interesting解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中鞋匠說的“Foolishman”可知，鞋匠認(rèn)為那位男子很愚蠢。7．Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthestory?A．Weshouldlearnmathverywell.B．It'snecessarytoaskforhelpattimes.C．Weshouldthinkcarefullybeforeweact.D．Thereismorethanonewaytosolveaproblem.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Don'ttrytosolveaproblemwithasinglepointofview;theremaybemanyotherwaysofsolvingthesameproblem.”可知，作者講述這個(gè)故事是想告訴我們：一個(gè)問題往往不只有一種解決辦法。CAnnaSchiferlhadn'tevengotoutofbedwhenshereachedforhercellphoneandtypedatexttohermom,onerecentSaturday.Momwasrightdownstairsinthekitchen.Thetext?Annawantedaneggforbreakfast.Soonafter,JoannaSchiferlcalled,“Ifyouwanttotalktome,Anna,comedownstairsandseeme！”Annalaughsaboutitnow.“Iwaskindofbeinglazy，”sheadmits.Thesedays,manypeoplewithcellphonesprefertextingtoaphonecall.Andthat'screatingacommunicationdivide,ofsorts—thetalkersvs.thetexters.Somewouldarguethatit'snobigdeal.Butmanyexpertssaythemostsuccessfulcommunicatorswill,ofcourse,havethecompetencetodoboth.Andtheyfearthatmoreofusareunabletohave—oratleastareavoiding—thetraditionalface-to-faceconversations.Manyprofessors(教授)sayitisnotcommontoseestudentsoutsideofclass.“Isitinmyofficehourslonelynowbecauseifmystudentshaveaquestion,theyemailme,oftenlateatnight，”saysReneeHouston,aprofessorattheUniversityofPugetSoundinWashingtonstate.“Andtheynevercall.”AsAnnaseesit:“Therearepeopleyou'lltext,butwon'tcall.It'sjustawaytostayintouchwitheachother.”Somebelievethatscoresoftextseachdaykeeppeoplemoreconnected.“Theproblemisthattheconversationisn'tverydeep，”saysJosephGrenny,co-authorofthebookCrucialConversations:ToolsforTalkingWhenStakesareHigh.“Theproblemhasbeentheresincewe'vehadtelephones—probablysincethetimeofatelegraph(電報(bào))，”Grennysays.Textingisjustthelatestwaytodothat.Thoughtheymaynotalwaysbesogoodatdeepconversationsthemselves,Grennysuggeststhatparentsmodelthebehaviorfortheirchildrenandputdowntheirowncellphones.Hesaysthattheyalsoshouldsetlimits,asAnna'smomdidwhenshemadethe“notextingtopeopleinthesamehouse”rule.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。專家表明，經(jīng)常發(fā)短信可能會使人們在面對面交流時(shí)產(chǎn)生障礙。8．AccordingtoParagraph1,Joanna________.A．wasverystrictwithherdaughterB．didnotknowhowtouseacellphoneC．wasangrythatherdaughtergotuplateD．didnothaveanybreakfastthatmorning解析：選A推理判斷題。由該段中的“Ifyouwanttotalktome,Anna,comedownstairsandseeme”可知，Joanna對她的女兒要求十分嚴(yán)格，故選A項(xiàng)。9．Theunderlinedword“competence”inParagraph2probablymeans“________”．A．chance B．a(chǎn)bilityC．courage D．patience解析：選B詞義猜測題。由該段中的“thetalkersvs.thetexters”等相關(guān)信息可知，這里是說：大多數(shù)成功的交流者有能力把兩者都做好，即：不但善于口頭溝通也善于通過短信來交流，故選B項(xiàng)。10．WhatdoweknowaboutRenee'sstudents?A．Theyoftenworklateatnight.B．Theyoftenaskstrangequestions.C．Fewaskherquestionsfacetoface.D．Manyemailherifshefeelslonely.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“Isitinmyofficehourslonelynowbecauseifmystudentshaveaquestion,theyemailme”可知，Renee的學(xué)生很少當(dāng)面向她請教問題，故選C項(xiàng)。11．InJosephGrenny'sopinion,________.A．cellphonesmakepeoplelonelierB．telephoneshelppeoplecommunicateclearlyC．textinghelpspeoplehavedeeperconversationsD．talkingshouldbeencouragedinsteadoftexting解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后兩段中的“theconversationisn'tverydeep”和“parents...putdowntheirowncellphones”以及“theyalsoshouldsetlimits”等信息可知，JosephGrenny認(rèn)為父母應(yīng)該放下手機(jī)給孩子做個(gè)榜樣，多一些面對面的交流而非發(fā)短信，故選D項(xiàng)。DBrianGreene,aprofessorofphysicsandmathematicsatColumbiaUniversity,hascreatedanonlinescienceeducationplatform.Hetriesto“buildabridge”withthingsyouknowabout,andthen“bringyouacrossthatbridgetothestrangeplaceofmodernphysics.”RecentlyIhadachancetoaskGreeneaboutwormholes(aholewhichsomescientiststhinkmightexist,connectingpartsofspaceandtimethatarenotusuallyconnected),timetravelandothermysteriesoftheuniverse.Iaskedhimamillion-dollarquestion:WhatifIwentthroughawormholeandpreventedmyparentsfrommeeting?“Mostofusbelievethattheuniversemakessense，”Greenesaid.“Althoughthereareseveralinterestingtheoriesabouttimetravel，”headded,“thelawsofphysicswouldprobablypreventsomethingsoillogicalfromtakingplace.Thegoodnewsisthatthetimeparadox(悖論)isopenforfuturephysiciststosolve.”Whenaskedhowphysicscouldbecomemoreexcitingforkids,GreenesaidthatbooksbyStephenWeinberg,LeonardSusskind,andotherphysicists,“makeitagreattimeforpeoplewhowanttolearnaboutbigideasbutaren'tyetready,perhaps,tolearnmath.”WhenIpointedoutthatsomestudentsstillmightfindphysicsboring,Greenesaidthatthekeyistoteachthemaboutthingsthatarestrange.“Thebasicstuffisimportant，”Greenesaid.“ButIthinkit'sreallyimportanttoalsodescribethemoremodernideas,thingslikeblackholesandtheBigBang.Ifkidshavethoseideasinmind,thenatleastsomeofthemwillbeexcitedtolearnallthedetails.”GreenehasfollowedAlbertEinstein'sleadintryingtosolvethemysteriesoftheuniverse.Nowhewantskidstodothesame.AsGreenesaid,physicsis“notjustamatterofsolvingproblemsinanexam.”It'saboutexperimenting,showinganinterestinstrangephenomena(現(xiàn)象)—andhavingfun!語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。物理學(xué)家BrianGreene希望更多的孩子將會對現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)感興趣。12．Amillion-dollarquestioninParagraph2isprobablyvery________.A．direct B．difficultC．personal D．long解析：選B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段Greene對這個(gè)問題的解釋以及他說需要未來的物理學(xué)家去解決可知，作者提出的這個(gè)問題非常難。13．ThebooksbyWeinbergandSusskind________.A．a(chǎn)reboringtoreadB．a(chǎn)remainlyaboutmathC．a(chǎn)repopularsciencebooksD．a(chǎn)reonlypopularamongkids解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“...booksby...makeitagreattimeforpeoplewhowanttolearnaboutbigideasbutaren'tyetready,perhaps,tolearnmath”可知，Greene認(rèn)為Weinberg和Susskind等物理學(xué)家寫的書淺顯易懂，適合普通大眾閱讀，故這些書屬于流行的科普讀物。14．AccordingtoParagraph4,whichofthefollowingdoesGreeneagreewith?A．Modernphysicsisaboringsubject.B．Interestplaysanimportantroleinstudying.C．Itisnotnecessarytolearnallaboutphysics.D．ItiseasytodescribeblackholesandtheBigBang.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段可知，當(dāng)作者指出一些學(xué)生覺得物理無聊時(shí)，Greene說重要的是向孩子們講述一些稀奇古怪的事，并描述一些諸如黑洞和宇宙大爆炸的現(xiàn)代物理現(xiàn)象，如果孩子們知道了這些，他們就愿意了解更多詳細(xì)的內(nèi)容。因此他認(rèn)為興趣在學(xué)習(xí)過程中起著非常重要的作用。15．Inthelastparagraph,Greenehopesthat________.A．kidscanlovescienceandphysicsB．kidscandowellinphysicsexamsC．kidscanhavefunwithexperimentsD．kidscanfindmorestrangethingsinlife解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“GreenehasfollowedAlbertEinstein'sleadintryingtosolvethemysteriesoftheuniverse.Nowhewantskidstodothesame.”可知，Greene希望孩子們可以像他一樣對科學(xué)和物理感興趣，去探索宇宙的奧秘。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Al-AzharUniversityGoingtoauniversityisanimportantpartofaperson'slife.Today,manypeoplegotoauniversitytostudyandtrainforafuturejobinsubjectslikelaw,medicine,oreducation.__1__AnimportantonestartedinEgyptoveronethousandyearsago.Theworld'soldestsurvivinguniversity,Al-Azhar,isinCairo,Egypt.Itwasfirstbuiltasamosque(清真寺)inA．D.972.Afewyearslater,learnersandteachersbeganmeetinginthemosque.Theyreadandtalkedaboutthesubjectsofreligion(宗教)andlaw.__2__Leadersinthecityof__3__FortheseteachersatAl-Azhar,theyneededtothinkaboutwhatcoursestoteachandhowtoteachthem.Theearliestcourseswereinlawandreligion.Inacourse,studentsreadandstudiedwiththeteacher,buttherewasalsofreediscussion.Often,studen