專題04 閱讀理解記敘文之家庭朋友與周圍的人9篇+人與動(dòng)植物5篇+著名人物8篇(?？己妙}22篇)(教師解析版)

專題04閱讀理解記敘文之家庭，朋友與周圍的人9篇+人與動(dòng)植物5篇+著名人物8篇(?？己妙}22篇)一、概述記敘文的命題形式常有細(xì)節(jié)理解、詞義猜測(cè)、主旨大意、推理判斷等題型。除了推理判斷或詞義猜測(cè)題，記敘文的命題順序一般都會(huì)按照文章的脈絡(luò)和故事發(fā)展的順序?qū)訉油七M(jìn)。每年的高考題中，特別是記敘文的閱讀題，主要是圍繞記敘文六要素進(jìn)行命題，以考查細(xì)節(jié)為主，但都會(huì)出現(xiàn)一至兩道詞義猜測(cè)題。二、技巧點(diǎn)撥1、對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)信息題，要抓住整體篇章，看懂主題。利用內(nèi)容間的因果關(guān)系，梳理時(shí)間空間順序，對(duì)所考查細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行剖析了解，確定主題，將零碎的細(xì)節(jié)組成一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體。2、對(duì)于詞句猜測(cè)題，要借助篇章中的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子的理解來充分理解題意，遇到陌生詞語(yǔ)盡量先避過，遵循先略讀再通讀的原則，進(jìn)行仔細(xì)推敲。尤其要注重對(duì)語(yǔ)境的把握。3、對(duì)于主旨大意題，要注意主題句和主題段，絕大多數(shù)的篇章采用總分總結(jié)構(gòu)，要注意段與段之間的聯(lián)系，注意隱藏的中心思想，研究文章結(jié)構(gòu)，把握句與句之間的關(guān)系，注重邏輯關(guān)系，從整體把握文章的脈絡(luò)。模擬演練01人與自我--家庭，朋友與周圍的人Passage1(2024·湖南懷化·一模)DuetothefactthattheaveragelifeexpectancyinGhanais64yearsold,andthemostcommoncausesofdeatharelargelytreatableconditions,suchasmalaria,stroke,andrespiratoryinfections.Boateng,growingupinasmallvillageinsouthernGhana/strugglingtoaccessbasichealthcare,feltanurgentcalltohelpanddecidedhewouldmakeithislife’smissiontobringhealthcaretoremotecommunitiesinGhana.Boatengworkedhardinschool,gettingascholarshiptostudybiologyatCornellUniversityintheUS,andultimatelyearnedhismaster’sinHealthcareAdministration.Laterhestartedhisnonprofit,OKBHopeFoundation,andconvertedavanintoamobiledoctor’sofficecalledtheHopeHealthVantobringhealthcaredirectlytothoseinneedin2021.Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancestoremotecommunitiesinGhanaandprovidefreeroutinemedicalcare.Oneachtrip,Boateng’steamconsistsofanurse,aphysician’sassistant,adoctor,andanoperationassistant.Inthevan,theycanrunbasiclabslikebloodworkandurinalysisaswellasprescribeandprovidemedications.“It’slikeaone-stopshopforpeople,”saidBoateng,addingthatmostofthepeopletheyseehaveonehealthissueoranother.Sinceitslaunch,BoatengsaystheHopeHealthVanhasservedmorethan4,000Ghanaiansacrossmorethan45ruralcommunitieswhootherwisedon’thaveeasilyaccessiblemedicalcare.Tosupplementthemobileclinic,Boateng’sorganizationhasalsotrained20volunteerstoserveaslocalhealthadvocates.Theycheckpeople’svitalsandprovidethemedicalteamwithtimelydataforassessinghowtomoveforwardwithcareandtreatment,especiallyforthosewhosehealthisatrisk.Inthefuture,Boatenghopestoexpandtoprovidemoreconsistentandhigh-qualitymedicalcarenotonlytothoselivinginremoteareasofGhanabutinothercountriesaswell.“Ibelievethatourmodelcanbereplicatedinsub-SaharanAfrica,”hesaid.1.WhatinspiredBoatengtosethislifegoal?A.Hewantedtogetascholarship.B.Manylocalsdiedofdeadlydiseases.C.Thebirthplaceofhimwassmallandpoor.D.Basichealthcarewasinaccessibleforlocals.2.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.HowBoateng’steamfunctions. B.WhyBoateng’steamwasfounded.C.WhatBoateng’steamhasachieved. D.WhereBoateng’steamhastravelled.3.WhatisBoateng’sattitudetohisteaminthefuture?A.Ambiguous. B.Ambitious. C.Indifferent. D.Doubtful.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AvanbringingmedicalcaretothousandsB.AcountrylackingbasichealthcareC.EffortstoprovidepeoplewithmedicationsD.MobilevanstravellingthroughGhana【答案】1.D2.A3.B4.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過敘述Boateng的個(gè)人故事，展示了他如何致力于改善加納偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的基本醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)，并期望將這種模式復(fù)制到其他國(guó)家。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Boateng,growingupinasmallvillageinsouthernGhana/strugglingtoaccessbasichealthcare,feltanurgentcalltohelpanddecidedhewouldmakeithislife’smissiontobringhealthcaretoremotecommunitiesinGhana.(Boateng在加納南部的一個(gè)小村莊長(zhǎng)大，很難獲得基本的醫(yī)療保健，他感到迫切需要幫助，并決定把為加納偏遠(yuǎn)社區(qū)提供醫(yī)療保健作為自己的一生使命。)”可知，Boateng在加納南部的一個(gè)小村莊長(zhǎng)大，很難獲得基本的醫(yī)療保健，因此感到迫切需要幫助，所以Boateng決定把為加納偏遠(yuǎn)社區(qū)提供醫(yī)療保健作為自己的一生使命。故選D。2.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancestoremotecommunitiesinGhanaandprovidefreeroutinemedicalcare.Oneachtrip,Boateng’steamconsistsofanurse,aphysician’sassistant,adoctor,andanoperationassistant.Inthevan,theycanrunbasiclabslikebloodworkandurinalysisaswellasprescribeandprovidemedications.“It’slikeaone-stopshopforpeople,”saidBoateng,addingthatmostofthepeopletheyseehaveonehealthissueoranother.(流動(dòng)診所和醫(yī)療隊(duì)每周幾次長(zhǎng)途跋涉前往加納的偏遠(yuǎn)社區(qū)，提供免費(fèi)的常規(guī)醫(yī)療服務(wù)。每次旅行，Boateng的團(tuán)隊(duì)都由一名護(hù)士、一名醫(yī)師助理、一名醫(yī)生和一名手術(shù)助理組成。在這輛面包車?yán)?，他們可以進(jìn)行血液檢查和尿液分析等基本實(shí)驗(yàn)室，也可以開處方和提供藥物。Boateng說：“這對(duì)人們來說就像一站式商店?！彼a(bǔ)充說，他們看到的大多數(shù)人都有這樣或那樣的健康問題。)”可知，第三段主要講述的Boateng團(tuán)隊(duì)的運(yùn)作方式，如行醫(yī)頻率、團(tuán)隊(duì)組成和工作細(xì)則等。故選A。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Inthefuture,Boatenghopestoexpandtoprovidemoreconsistentandhigh-qualitymedicalcarenotonlytothoselivinginremoteareasofGhanabutinothercountriesaswell.“Ibelievethatourmodelcanbereplicatedinsub-SaharanAfrica,”hesaid.(未來，Boateng希望擴(kuò)大規(guī)模，不僅為生活在加納偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的人們，也為其他國(guó)家的人們提供更加穩(wěn)定和高質(zhì)量的醫(yī)療服務(wù)?！拔蚁嘈盼覀兊哪Ｊ娇梢栽谌龉阅戏侵迯?fù)制，”他說。)”可知，Boateng希望未來不僅為生活在加納偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的人們，也為其他國(guó)家的人們提供更加穩(wěn)定和高質(zhì)量的醫(yī)療服務(wù)。由此可知，Boateng表達(dá)了他對(duì)自己團(tuán)隊(duì)的期望和愿景，他提到“我們有一個(gè)更大的愿景——將這種模式復(fù)制到非洲其他國(guó)家”。這表明他對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)的未來持有雄心勃勃的態(tài)度，希望他們能夠在更廣泛的范圍內(nèi)取得成功和產(chǎn)生影響。故選B。4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Boatengworkedhardinschool,gettingascholarshiptostudybiologyatCornellUniversityintheUS,andultimatelyearnedhismaster’sinHealthcareAdministration.Laterhestartedhisnonprofit,OKBHopeFoundation,andconvertedavanintoamobiledoctor’sofficecalledtheHopeHealthVantobringhealthcaredirectlytothoseinneedin2021.(Boateng在學(xué)校努力學(xué)習(xí)，獲得了美國(guó)康奈爾大學(xué)生物學(xué)專業(yè)的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，并最終獲得了醫(yī)療管理碩士學(xué)位。后來，他創(chuàng)辦了自己的非營(yíng)利組織OKB希望基金會(huì)，并將一輛面包車改裝成移動(dòng)醫(yī)生辦公室，名為“HopeHealthVan”，于2021年直接為有需要的人提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文本主要講述了Boateng通過他的非營(yíng)利組織以及HopeHealthVan來改善加納偏遠(yuǎn)社區(qū)的醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)的努力。這輛車直接為有需要的人提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)，為加納多個(gè)農(nóng)村社區(qū)的超過4000人提供服務(wù)。因此，選項(xiàng)A“Avanbringingmedicalcaretothousands(一輛為數(shù)千人帶來醫(yī)療服務(wù)的車)”準(zhǔn)確地概括了文本的主要內(nèi)容和重點(diǎn)。故選A。Passage2(2024福建高三上·開學(xué)考試)Backin1958,IwascrazyabouttheNorfolkandWestern746.Thesmoothbullet-noseenginewithitsorangeandyellowlinesandshinystreamlinedblacktender(車廂)seemedtohavecastaspellonme.Togethertheengineandtendermeasuredalittleshyof2feet—enormousbythetoytrainstandardsoftheday.Evenbetter,the746hadaworkingheadlightandsmoker,anditstendersanghigh.Unfortunately,theamazing746alsohadanamazingprice—$50,equaltoabout$450today.Thatwasfarmorethanmygrandfathercouldafford.Instead,IhadtobecontentwithhislittleLionelplastic,whichwasSIXINCHESshorterthanthe746andhadnoheadlight,nosmokerornosound!Butthatwasthebestthatmygrandfathercouldgivemeatthattime.Yearspassed,andIwasinmy30s.Superiorsoundsystemsandcomputercontrolsdominatedtoytrains.Inevergavealook.Myinterestintoytrains,Ifirmlybelieved,hadfaded,sodidmyadmirationforthe746,sincemygrandfatherwasnotwithme.The746wasnevercalledtomind.Onanordinaryday,however,Ihappenedtoseethe746outsidethewindowofatrainshow.Justone-look,Icouldnotlookaway.ChildhoodmemoriesthatItriedtohideinthedepthsofmyheartracedthroughmymind,happyorsad.ThatdayItookthe746homeandplaceditinthecenteroftheroom,andletmychildhooddreamsingitswayaroundme.Smokeroseoutfromtheengineandthesoftsongsoundedfromitstender.ItseemedasifIcouldseethesoftlightingrandfather’seyesandhearhischeerfullaughter.1.Whichbestdescribesthe746intheauthor’seyes?A.Itsmeasurementwasatadisadvantage.B.Itspricerocketedfrom$50to$450.C.Itsbeautyhadaspecialappeal.D.Itwasthelargesttrainin1958.2.HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenreceivinghislittleLionelplastic?A.Visiblyrelieved. B.Slightlydiscontented.C.Reallydelighted. D.Terriblyashamed.3.Whathappenedtotheauthorinhis30s?A.Helefthisgrandfatheralone.B.Hedidn’tfavorthe746atall.C.Headmiredadvancedtoytrains.D.Heattemptednottorecallthepast.4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.The746:APerfectGiftfromMyGrandfatherB.ToyTrains:MemoriesofAGenerationC.The746:ChildhoodMemoriesofLoveD.ToyTrains:ChildhoodinHistory【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是篇記敘文。文章通過對(duì)作者自年少時(shí)到成年后對(duì)一輛玩具火車情感變化的描述，表達(dá)了他對(duì)祖父的思念之情。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thesmoothbullet-noseenginewithitsorangeandyellowlinesandshinystreamlinedblacktender(車廂)seemedtohavecastaspellonme.(光滑的子彈頭發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，橙色和黃色的線條，閃亮的流線型黑色發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)似乎對(duì)我下了魔咒。)和第二段“Togethertheengineandtendermeasuredalittleshyof2feet—enormousbythetoytrainstandardsoftheday.Evenbetter,the746hadaworkingheadlightandsmoker,anditstendersanghigh.(發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和車廂加在一起差不多有2英尺—按照當(dāng)時(shí)的玩具火車標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這是巨大的。更好的是，746有一個(gè)工作的前燈和噴煙器，火車聲音響亮。)”可知，作者對(duì)746玩具火車非常迷戀，認(rèn)為它非常完美，無以倫比，它的美麗具有特殊的吸引力。故選C。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Instead,IhadtobecontentwithhislittleLionelplastic,whichwasSIXINCHESshorterthanthe746andhadnoheadlight,nosmokerornosound!(相反，我不得不滿足于他的小Lionel塑料，它比746短6英寸，沒有前燈，沒有噴煙器，也沒有聲音！)”可知，在作者看來，這個(gè)小Lionel塑料和746相比差得太多，所以稍微有點(diǎn)不滿意。故選B。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Yearspassed,andIwasinmy30s.Superiorsoundsystemsandcomputercontrolsdominatedtoytrains.Inevergavealook.Myinterestintoytrains,Ifirmlybelieved,hadfaded,sodidmyadmirationforthe746,sincemygrandfatherwasnotwithme.The746wasnevercalledtomind.Onanordinaryday,however,Ihappenedtoseethe746outsidethewindowofatrainshow.Justone-look,Icouldnotlookaway.ChildhoodmemoriesthatItriedtohideinthedepthsofmyheartracedthroughmymind,happyorsad.(幾年過去了，我已經(jīng)30多歲了。先進(jìn)的音響系統(tǒng)和電腦控制主導(dǎo)了玩具火車。我根本沒看他一眼。我堅(jiān)信，我對(duì)玩具火車的興趣已經(jīng)淡去，我對(duì)746號(hào)火車的欽佩也已經(jīng)淡去，因?yàn)槲业淖娓笡]有和我在一起。人們?cè)僖矝]有想起746號(hào)飛機(jī)。然而，在一個(gè)平常的日子里，我碰巧看到了火車展窗外的746號(hào)列車。只要看一眼，我就無法移開視線。我試圖隱藏在內(nèi)心深處的童年記憶，或快樂或悲傷，在我的腦海里奔涌而過。)可知，作者30多歲時(shí)，因?yàn)樽娓覆辉诹?，所以他盡量不去回憶過去。故選D。4.主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第二段“Togethertheengineandtendermeasuredalittleshyof2feet—enormousbythetoytrainstandardsoftheday.Evenbetter,the746hadaworkingheadlightandsmoker,anditstendersanghigh.(發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和車廂加在一起差不多有2英尺—按照當(dāng)時(shí)的玩具火車標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這是巨大的。更好的是，746有一個(gè)工作的前燈和噴煙器，火車聲音響亮。)”和最后一段“ItseemedasifIcouldseethesoftlightingrandfather’seyesandhearhischeerfullaughter.(我仿佛能看到祖父眼中柔和的光芒，聽到他歡快的笑聲。)”可知，文章以746火車玩具為主線，通過對(duì)作者自年少時(shí)到成年后對(duì)它情感變化的描述，表達(dá)了作者對(duì)童年時(shí)期祖父的愛的懷念。故選C。Passage3(2024·河北滄州·一模)WhenSourabhJainfirstbecameafathertohisdaughter,hestruggledwithbondingwithherinthebeginning.That’swhenherealizedthatgamesandbooksareinteractiveandprovideanopportunitytospendhourswithher.Thushebeganthehuntforgamesandtoysthatnotonlyhelpedhimbondwithhisdaughterbutalsocontributedtohercognitive(認(rèn)知的)development.Duringthissearch,herealizedthatnotonlyarethesetoysandgameshardtofind,buttheycanalsoburnaholeinone’spocket.Anotherrealizationwasthatthereisalwayssomeamountofplasticinthetoysanditisharmfultotheenvironmentandthelittleones.Whileheexpectedtogivehisdaughtertheworld,healsowantedtoleavebehindacleaner,greener,andmoresustainableworldforher.Today,heownsTheEleFant—atoyrentalcompany,orinSourabh’swords,“alaboroflove”.Currently,thecompanyhasacustomerbaseofmorethan250subscriberswithover2,000downloadsoftheapplicationperday.Theyalsohavecollaborationswith70toycompanieswheretheysourcetheirtoys.Amongthese250subscribersisRahulBhauwalawhorentstoysforhis6-year-oldson.“IamaworkingprofessionalandIhardlygetanytimetogooutandspendhourslookingforandbuyingtoys.Icouldusethatprecioustimetoplaywithmychildinstead.ThisiswhyIloveusingTheEleFantapp.Theyhaveawiderangeoftoyswhicharecategorizedbyagegroup.Theproductsareverywell-packagedandmysonlovedopeningthemasitlookedlikeapresenttohim,”hesays.Asforthefuture,Sourabhsays,“Ourintentionwasnottomakeitanexpensiveandexclusiveservice(專屬服務(wù)).Instead,weaimedtoprovideanopportunityforeveryonetogivetheirchildreneverythinginasustainablemanner.Thevalueiskeptinthisway,emphasizinginclusivityandaccessibilityforall.”1.WhatdidSourabhfindwhensearchingfortoysforhisdaughter?A.Pocketsoftengetdamagedbytoys. B.Eco-friendlytoysarehardtofind.C.Toyscouldbondhimwithhisdaughter. D.Toysdogoodtocognitivedevelopment.2.WhataspectofTheEleFantattractedRahulBhauwalamost?A.Itsconvenience. B.Itsdeliveryservice.C.Itspopularity. D.Itscheaprentalprice.3.WhatwillSourabhfocuson?A.Producingmoretoys. B.Expandinghiscompany.C.Makinghisservicemoreaccessible. D.Donatingtoystopoorfamilies.4.WhichwordsbestdescribeSourabh?A.Successfulandhumorous. B.Generousandmodest.C.Talentedandcreative. D.Responsibleandbusiness-minded.【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Sourabh在為女兒尋找玩具的過程中，自己創(chuàng)辦玩具租賃公司，為父母?jìng)兲峁┓奖愕墓适隆?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Duringthissearch,herealizedthatnotonlyarethesetoysandgameshardtofind,buttheycanalsoburnaholeinone’spocket.Anotherrealizationwasthatthereisalwayssomeamountofplasticinthetoysanditisharmfultotheenvironmentandthelittleones.(在搜尋過程中，他意識(shí)到這些玩具和游戲不僅很難找到，而且還會(huì)讓一個(gè)人的口袋燒個(gè)洞。另一個(gè)認(rèn)識(shí)是，玩具中總會(huì)有一定量的塑料，這對(duì)環(huán)境和小孩子有害)”可知，Sourabh在為女兒尋找玩具時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)環(huán)保玩具很難找到。故選B。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Icouldusethatprecioustimetoplaywithmychildinstead.ThisiswhyIloveusingTheEleFantapp.(我可以用這寶貴的時(shí)間和我的孩子一起玩。這就是我喜歡使用TheEleFant應(yīng)用程序的原因)”可知，使用TheEleFantapp可以幫助他節(jié)約時(shí)間，即是便利更吸引他。故選A。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Asforthefuture,Sourabhsays,“Ourintentionwasnottomakeitanexpensiveandexclusiveservice(專屬服務(wù)).Instead,weaimedtoprovideanopportunityforeveryonetogivetheirchildreneverythinginasustainablemanner.Thevalueiskeptinthisway,emphasizinginclusivityandaccessibilityforall.”(至于未來，蘇拉布說：“我們的目的不是讓它成為一項(xiàng)昂貴的獨(dú)家服務(wù)。相反，我們的目標(biāo)是為每個(gè)人提供一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，以可持續(xù)的方式給他們的孩子一切。以這種方式保持價(jià)值，強(qiáng)調(diào)所有人的包容性和可達(dá)性?！?”可知，Sourabh的目標(biāo)是讓每個(gè)人都有機(jī)會(huì)以可持續(xù)的方式給他們的孩子一切，強(qiáng)調(diào)所有人的包容性和可達(dá)性。故選C。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Whileheexpectedtogivehisdaughtertheworld,healsowantedtoleavebehindacleaner,greener,andmoresustainableworldforher.(雖然他希望給女兒一個(gè)世界，但他也想給她留下一個(gè)更清潔、更環(huán)保、更可持續(xù)的世界)”可知，Sourabh希望給自己的女兒一個(gè)可持續(xù)的、更干凈清潔的世界，說明他是有責(zé)任感的；根據(jù)第四段“Currently,thecompanyhasacustomerbaseofmorethan250subscriberswithover2,000downloadsoftheapplicationperday.Theyalsohavecollaborationswith70toycompanieswheretheysourcetheirtoys.(目前，該公司擁有250多名訂戶，每天的下載量超過2000次。他們還與70家玩具公司合作，從這些公司采購(gòu)?fù)婢?”可知，他在為女兒找玩具的過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)商機(jī)，進(jìn)而創(chuàng)辦玩具租貨公司，說明他是有商業(yè)頭腦的。故選D。Passage4(2024·山東·模擬預(yù)測(cè))MygrandmotherknittedChristmasstockingsforeachofherfivechildreninthe1960s.Then,shemadethemforus,hergrandchildren,too.Whenourgrandmotherdiedunexpectedlyin2017,itfeltliketheendofatraditionofhandmadepersonalizedChristmasstockingsandmycousins’chancesofjoininguswithstockingsonthefireplaceweregone.Grandmawasanamazingwoman,butshewashardtofeelreallyclosetowhenIwasachild.Shesmiledsoftlywhenthegrandkidscamenoisilythroughthedoortodisturbhershy,quietpeace.Andinsteadofcoveringuswithkisseslikeothergrandmothers,shealwayshadsomethingreadyforus.Ittookmeawhiletounderstandthatthethingsshemademeantthesameas“Iloveyou”or“Imissedyou”.Itwasn’tthatshewascold—notatall.SometimespeopleasbrilliantasGrandmahaveahardtimerelatingtoothers.Whilewegrewup,shewasourpersonalGoogle.WhenIwasincollege,sheaskedifIstudiedtheRomanticpoetsorhowfamiliarIwaswithAristotle.Itriedmybesttokeepup,buttherewasalotIneverknewaboutmygrandmotheruntilshepassedaway.Iknewandlovedthateveryroomandhallwayinherhousehadabookcase,andthesewerefilledwithbooksoneverysubjectinseverallanguages.Thisyear,IbegantolearntomaketheChristmasstocking.Atfirst,IconsidereditasanicewaytokeepapartofChristmasIalwayslovedasachild,butnowIfeelclosertomygrandmathanever.Andalthoughmystockingswillbethegiftsformycousinsthisyear,nowIunderstandtheloveandthoughtsofGrandmathatgoesintotheseeminglynever-endingrowsofknitting.1.WhatdoestheauthorthinkthestockingsmadebyGrandmawere?A.OrdinaryChristmaspresents. B.Personalizedwarmclothing.C.Thebondsbetweenfamilymembers. D.Areminderofhardtimes.2.HowdidGrandmaexpressherloveforhergrandchildren?A.Bybuyingthemgifts. B.Bygivingthemkisses.C.Byofferingbookstothem. D.Bymakingthingsforthem.3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeGrandma?A.Determined. B.Difficult.C.Responsible. D.Knowledgeable.4.Whatwastheauthor’sinitialpurposeinmakingtheChristmasstocking?A.TokeepanoldpartofChristmas. B.TosavemoneyonChristmaspresents.C.TohonorthememoryofGrandmabetter. D.TopassGrandma’sknittingskills【答案】1.C2.D3.D4.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。講述作者祖母通過為孩子和孫子手工制作禮物來表達(dá)自己的關(guān)愛，維系家庭親情的故事。1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“MygrandmotherknittedChristmasstockingsforeachofherfivechildreninthe1960s.Then,shemadethemforus,hergrandchildren,too.Whenourgrandmotherdiedunexpectedlyin2017,itfeltliketheendofatraditionofhandmadepersonalizedChristmasstockingsandmycousins’chancesofjoininguswithstockingsonthefireplaceweregone.”(在20世紀(jì)60年代，我的祖母為她的五個(gè)孩子每人編織圣誕襪。然后，她為我們——她的孫子們做了這些。當(dāng)我們的祖母在2017年意外去世時(shí)，感覺手工制作個(gè)性化圣誕襪的傳統(tǒng)結(jié)束了，我的堂兄弟姐妹們和我們一起在壁爐旁穿襪子的機(jī)會(huì)也消失了。)可知，祖母為家庭成員親手制作的圣誕襪把家人們聯(lián)系在了一起，當(dāng)祖母去世，這種聯(lián)系似乎也隨之消失了?？赏浦髡甙炎婺钢谱鞯氖フQ襪看做是家庭成員之間的紐帶。故選C項(xiàng)。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“Ittookmeawhiletounderstandthatthethingsshemademeantthesameas“Iloveyou”or“Imissedyou”.”(我花了一段時(shí)間才明白，她做的那些事其實(shí)是在說“我愛你”或“我想你”。)并結(jié)合第一段祖母為孩子們編織圣誕襪的故事可知，祖母用手工制作東西來表達(dá)她對(duì)孫輩的愛。故選D項(xiàng)。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Whilewegrewup,shewasourpersonalGoogle.”(在我們長(zhǎng)大的過程中，她就是我們的谷歌。)及最后一句“Iknewandlovedthateveryroomandhallwayinherhousehadabookcase,andthesewerefilledwithbooksoneverysubjectinseverallanguages.”(我知道并且喜歡她家里的每個(gè)房間和走廊都有一個(gè)書柜，里面裝滿了各種科目用幾種語(yǔ)言寫的書。)可知，奶奶非常博學(xué)。故選D項(xiàng)。4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段前兩句“Thisyear,IbegantolearntomaketheChristmasstocking.Atfirst,IconsidereditasanicewaytokeepapartofChristmasIalwayslovedasachild,butnowIfeelclosertomygrandmathanever.”(今年，我開始學(xué)習(xí)制作圣誕襪。起初，我認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)很好的方式來區(qū)分清楚我兒時(shí)就喜歡的圣誕節(jié)，但現(xiàn)在我覺得比以往任何時(shí)候都更接近我的奶奶。)可知，作者今年開始編織圣誕襪起初是為了延續(xù)小時(shí)候圣誕節(jié)的內(nèi)容，繼承圣誕傳統(tǒng)。故選A項(xiàng)。Passage5(2024·湖南·二模)Iwassittinginbetweenmyparentsona15-hourflightfromTorontotoSeoul,whereIwasgoingtonegotiateabookproject.MyAirbnbhadenoughroomforusall.Sowhenmyparentsbroughtitupasahalf-jokethattheywouldcome,too,Ididn’tthinkitwasunreasonable.Iwasmerely8whenweembarkedonourimmigrationjourney.Koreawastheircountry.Theywouldn’tneedmethereastheydidinCanada.Butthefirstweekprovedtoberough.Wewereupsidedownwiththetimechange.Myfatherannouncedthatthefirstthingtheywantedtodowasvisitmygrandma’sgrave(墳?zāi)?.Wehaddiscussedvisitingafewrelatives,butgoingtograndma’sgravehadnevercomeup.Itwasstarting:familyobligationsseizedmyworktime.“Youguysgo,”Isaid.Whilemyfathershowered,mymothertookmeaside.“Yourdadhasalwaysbeencountingthedaysforthemomentwhenhecanshowherhowwellyougrewup.”IlaughedbutIwasdeeplymoved.SoIdecidedtoaccompanythem.Asweapproachedthegraveyard,Igatheredsomecoloredwildflowersfromtheparkinglotandtiedthemwithalongpieceofgrass.Myparentsgotbusyweedingaroundtheheadstone.”Yournameisontheback,myfathersaid.“Seehere?”Ilooked,andtherewasmyKoreannamecarvedbesidethoseofmysiblingsandcousins.Itfeltoddtoseeournamesontheheadstoneallofus,thelivinganddead,connected.Isawalinkinachainthatstretchesgenerationsback.Ididn’tknowhowtotellthemthatthetripwasamazing.IrealizedhowIwasintertwinedwiththem,andtheywereinterwovenintome.Wedon’tbelongtolanguagesorcountries.MygrandmadiedonlyfourmonthsbeforewemovedtoCanada,whenshewastoofrail(虛弱的)tomakethetrip.Ihopesheknowsthatwedidtakeher,andthatmaybeallwehaveiseachother.1.Whatwasthemainreasonfortheauthor’striptoSeoul?A.Tovisitgrandma’sgraveyard. B.Tohaveafamilyreunion.C.Toworkonaproject. D.Toaccompanyhisparents.2.Whydidtheauthorinitiallydeclinetovisithisgrandma’sgrave?A.Hewasexhaustedfromtheflight. B.Hehadworkcommitments.C.Helikedvisitingotherrelativesbetter. D.Hepreferredexploringalone.3.Whydidtheauthor’sfatherwanttotakehimtograndma’sgrave?A.Tointroducetheauthortorelatives. B.Tofulfilalong-awaitedwish.C.Toobserveafamilyceremony. D.Tohelpwithweeding.4.Whatdidtheauthorrealizeduringthetrip?A.Neverforgetourhomecountry. B.Familyisabridgetoourfuture.C.Theworldisonebigfamily. D.Homeisthebondwithpeople.【答案】1.C2.B3.B4.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者因?yàn)楣ぷ骰氐巾n國(guó)，最終決定陪著父親去給奶奶掃墓。這次經(jīng)歷讓作者明白了家是與人聯(lián)系的紐帶。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Iwassittinginbetweenmyparentsona15-hourflightfromTorontotoSeoul,whereIwasgoingtonegotiateabookproject.(我坐在父母中間，坐著從多倫多到首爾的15個(gè)小時(shí)的飛機(jī)，在那里我要和一個(gè)圖書項(xiàng)目談判)”可知，作者此行去韓國(guó)是要去協(xié)商一個(gè)圖書項(xiàng)目。故選C。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Itwasstarting:familyobligationsseizedmyworktime.(事情開始了：家庭責(zé)任占據(jù)了我的工作時(shí)間)”可知，作者最初拒絕為他祖母掃墓是因?yàn)橛泄ぷ饕觥９蔬xB。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Yourdadhasalwaysbeencountingthedaysforthemomentwhenhecanshowherhowwellyougrewup.(你爸爸總是數(shù)著日子等著向她展示你成長(zhǎng)得有多好)”可知，作者的父親帶作者去奶奶的墳?zāi)故菫榱藢?shí)現(xiàn)期待已久的愿望。故選B。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Itfeltoddtoseeournamesontheheadstoneallofus,thelivinganddead,connected.Isawalinkinachainthatstretchesgenerationsback.”(我們所有人，活著的和死去的，都連在一起。我看到了幾代人之間的聯(lián)系)根據(jù)最后一段“IrealizedhowIwasintertwinedwiththem,andtheywereinterwovenintome.(我意識(shí)到我和他們是如何交織在一起的，他們也和我交織在一起。)可推知，作者在旅途中體會(huì)到了家是與人聯(lián)系的紐帶。故選D。Passage6(2024浙江高三下·階段練習(xí))ItisOctoberagain.Ithasbeenayearsincemymotherwasdiagnosedwithlungcancer;ayearsinceshestartedhergood,bravefight.Ithasbeenayearmarkedwithsomanymilestones,somanysharedsmilesandsecretfears.Usually,children,witheyesthatseeallandmindsthatarestillfreetowonder,areextraordinarilyacceptingthechangesinroutine,theshiftinseasons.Thisweek,however,whenItookmytwoyoungerboyswithmeforavisittoMom’swithouttellingherinadvance,Seanranintoherbedroomtogreether,thenquicklyreturnedtothelivingroomtotalktome.“Mom,”myfour-year-oldwhispered,carefulnottobeoverheardoroffending,“Grandmahasnohair.”Momcamethroughhersurgerythatremovedthetumor(腫瘤)inherlungwithfaithandgrace.Shealsocamethroughthinandtired.Andthesideeffectwastotalhairloss.Itshouldgrowbackeventually,butmymotherdecidedtohaveawig(假發(fā))tocoverherhead.Shewearsitmostlyforthecomfortofothers.Whensheisalone,sheusuallyleavesherheaduncovered,findingthewiguncomfortablewhenunnecessary.“Grandmahasnohair,”Seansaid,becausewehadcaughtherbysurprise.“Iknow,Sean.Isn’titfunny?”Iaskedhimasmymomjoinedusinthelivingroom.WeexplainedtohimthatGrandmahadtotakemedicinethatmadeherhairgoaway,butitwouldcomeback.“Wouldyouliketotouchmyhead,Sean?”mymotheraskedasmysonstaredather,hisblueeyesfilledwithquestionsandcuriosity.Itissurprisingtoseeyourmother—oranyoneyoulove—withouthair,butsurprisinglyit’ssomethingthatyoucangetusedtoquickly.Weare,afterall,notreallythesebodies—thesearejusttheshellsthattransportwhoweare,andnomatterwhatthephysicalchanges,thoseconnectedbyloveseemtobeabletorecognizetheirown.1.WhathashappenedtoGrandmaovertheyear?A.Shehasrefusedothers’visits. B.Shehaspulledthroughthecancer.C.Shehaslostherfightwiththetumor. D.Shehasrecoveredwithoutsideeffects.2.WhywasSeansurprisedwhenvisitingGrandma?A.BecausehefoundGrandmatiredandthin.B.BecausejustoverheardGrandma’scancer.C.Becausehecouldn’tacceptGrandma’sappearance.D.BecausehehadneverseenGrandmahairlessbefore.3.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGrandma?A.Lovingandoptimistic. B.Loyalandhonest.C.Humbleandcommitted. D.Generousandhumorous.4.Whatmessagedoestheauthorconveyinthetext?A.Everycloudhasasilverlining. B.Neverjudgeabookbyitscover.C.Lovegoesbeyondphysicalchanges. D.Whatdoesn’tkillusmakesusstronger.【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者帶兒子去看望因癌癥化療而脫發(fā)的母親，以及兒子對(duì)母親變化的好奇和母親的大方應(yīng)對(duì)，展現(xiàn)了母子之間的深厚情感。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ItisOctoberagain.Ithasbeenayearsincemymotherwasdiagnosedwithlungcancer;ayearsinceshestartedhergood,bravefight.Ithasbeenayearmarkedwithsomanymilestones,somanysharedsmilesandsecretfears.(又是十月。我母親被診斷出患有肺癌已經(jīng)一年了；一年前她開始了勇敢的戰(zhàn)斗。這是一個(gè)里程碑式的一年，有很多共同的微笑和秘密的恐懼。)”以及第三段“Momcamethroughhersurgerythatremovedthetumor(腫瘤)inherlungwithfaithandgrace.Shealsocamethroughthinandtired.(媽媽帶著信心和優(yōu)雅完成了切除肺部腫瘤的手術(shù)。她也挺過來了，又瘦又累。)”可知，作者的媽媽在過去的一年里戰(zhàn)勝了癌癥。故選B。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thisweek,however,whenItookmytwoyoungerboyswithmeforavisittoMom’swithouttellingherinadvance,Seanranintoherbedroomtogreether,thenquicklyreturnedtothelivingroomtotalktome.“Mom,”myfour-year-oldwhispered,carefulnottobeoverheardoroffending,“Grandmahasnohair.”(然而，這個(gè)星期，當(dāng)我?guī)е鴥蓚€(gè)小兒子去拜訪媽媽時(shí)，沒有事先告訴她，Sean跑進(jìn)她的臥室迎接她，然后迅速回到客廳和我說話?！皨寢專蔽宜臍q的孩子小聲說，生怕被人聽到或冒犯，“奶奶沒有頭發(fā)?！?”可知，Sean看到奶奶沒有頭發(fā)的時(shí)候感到很驚訝。故選D。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Shewearsitmostlyforthecomfortofothers.(她戴它主要是為了讓別人舒服。)”可知，奶奶戴假發(fā)是為了讓別人舒服，由此可知，奶奶非常有愛心；再根據(jù)文章第三段“Momcamethroughhersurgerythatremovedthetumor(腫瘤)inherlungwithfaithandgrace.(媽媽帶著信心和優(yōu)雅完成了切除肺部腫瘤的手術(shù)。)”和最后一段““Wouldyouliketotouchmyhead,Sean?”mymotheraskedasmysonstaredather,hisblueeyesfilledwithquestionsandcuriosity.(“你想摸摸我的頭嗎，Sean？”媽媽問，兒子盯著她，藍(lán)眼睛里充滿了疑問和好奇。)”可知，她對(duì)生活的態(tài)度是積極向上、樂觀的。故選A。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Itissurprisingtoseeyourmother—oranyoneyoulove—withouthair,butsurprisinglyit’ssomethingthatyoucangetusedtoquickly.Weare,afterall,notreallythesebodies—thesearejusttheshellsthattransportwhoweare,andnomatterwhatthephysicalchanges,thoseconnectedbyloveseemtobeabletorecognizetheirown.(看到你的母親或任何你愛的人沒有頭發(fā)是令人驚訝的，但令人驚訝的是，這是你可以很快習(xí)慣的事情。畢竟，我們并不是這些真正的身體——這些只是承載我們的軀殼，不管身體發(fā)生了什么變化，那些被愛聯(lián)系在一起的人似乎都能認(rèn)出自己。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章講述了作者母親的故事，她接受了癌癥治療，導(dǎo)致脫發(fā)。當(dāng)作者四歲的兒子注意到這種變化并表示好奇時(shí)，母親的回應(yīng)是開放的，并允許他觸摸她的頭。這種互動(dòng)凸顯了作者的信念，即愛超越了身體的變化。盡管母親的外表因疾病而改變，但她和兒子之間植根于愛的聯(lián)系仍然沒有動(dòng)搖。作者認(rèn)為，無論身體發(fā)生怎樣的變化，那些被愛聯(lián)系在一起的人都能認(rèn)識(shí)并接受對(duì)方。因此，作者想要傳達(dá)的信息是，愛比外表更深刻、更持久，它超越了任何可能發(fā)生的身體變化。故選C。Passage7(2024江蘇鎮(zhèn)江高三下學(xué)期階段練習(xí))InthisageofInternetchat,videogamesandrealitytelevision,thereisnoshortageofmindlessactivitiestokeepachildoccupied.Yet,despitethecompetition,my8-year-olddaughterRebeccawantstospendherleisuretimewritingshortstories.Shewantstoenteroneofherstoriesintoawritingcontest;acompetitionshewonlastyear.