一般過去時、過去進(jìn)行時、過去完成時

一般過去時知識結(jié)構(gòu)一般過去時構(gòu)成用法常用時間動詞的過去式1、表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。2、表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。yesterdaylastnightin1990twodaysago動詞過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)那么動詞不規(guī)那么動詞構(gòu)成讀音規(guī)那么動詞過去式的構(gòu)成構(gòu)成規(guī)那么例詞1、一般在動詞原形末尾加–edlooklookedplayplayedstartstarted2、結(jié)尾是e的動詞加--dlivelivedhopehopeduseused3、末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加—edstopstoppedplanplannedtriptripped4、結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y”的動詞，先變“y”為“i”再加—edstudystudiedcarrycarried清念/t/,元濁/d/;/t//d/之后念/id/規(guī)那么動詞詞-ed的讀音說明：1、清念/t/，即ed在清輔音后面念/t/,例：finishedhelpedpassedcooked2、元濁/d/,即ed在元音，濁輔音后面念/d/,例：borrowedenjoyedcalledmoved3、/t//d/之后念/id/,即ed在/t//d/音后面念/id/例：wantedshoutedneededcounted不規(guī)那么動詞表InfinitivePasttenseamiswasarewerebeginbegunbreakbrokebringbroughtbuildbuiltbuyboughtcancouldInfinitivePasttensecatchcaughtcomecamedodiddrawdrewdrinkdrankdrivedroveeatatefallfell用法1、表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。Hewashereyesterday.Igotupatsixthirtyyesterdaymorning.Myfatherwasatworkyesterdayafternoon.Didyouhaveagoodtimelastsummer?2、表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作。Myfatheroftenwenttoworkbybuslastyear.WhenIwasachild,Ioftenlistenedtomusic.常用時間常與一般過去時態(tài)連用的時間有：yesterdayyesterdaymorning(afternoon,evening…)lastnight(week,month,year…)twodaysago,aweekago,threeyearsago…in1990,(in1998…)一般過去時態(tài)句式的構(gòu)成

陳述句式動詞肯定式否定式

beIwas….He/She/itwas….We/You/Theywere….Iwasnot(wasn’t)….He/She/Itwasnot(wasn’t)….We/You/Theywerenot(weren’t)…

workI/You/He/She/It/We/You/Theyworked.I/You/He/She/It/We/You/They

didnot(didn’t)work.

進(jìn)入下頁返回首頁一般過去時態(tài)句式的構(gòu)成

疑問句式動詞疑問句式和簡略答語第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱be

WasI…?Yes,youwere.No,youwerenot.

Wereyou…?Yes,Iwas.No,Iwasnot.

Washe/she/it…?Yes,he/she/itwas.No,he/she/itwasnot.

Werewe…?Yes,we/youwere.No,we/youwerenot.

Wereyou…?Yes,wewere.No,wewerenot.

Werethey…?Yes,theywere.No,theywerenot.work

DidIwork?Yes,youdid.No,youdidnot.

Didyouwork?Yes,Idid.No,Ididnot.

Didhe/she/itwork?Yes,he/she/itdid.No,he/she/itdidnot.

Didwework?Yes,we/youdid.No,we/youdidnot.

Didyouwork?Yes,wedid.No,wedidnot.

Didtheywork?Yes,theydid.No,theydidnot.特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句？

whatdidyou/she/theydoyesterday?I/she/theyworked.返回上頁返回首頁P(yáng)RACTISE改寫句子：1、Lucydidherhomeworkathome.〔改否認(rèn)句〕Lucy______________herhomeworkathome.2、Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge.〔變一般疑問句)______he___________meatinthefridge?3、Shestayedthereforaweek.〔對劃線局部提問〕_________________she_____there?4、Therewassomeorangeinthecup.〔變一般疑問句)_____there_____orangeinthecup?

didn’tdoDidfindany

HowlongdidstayWasanyThat’sgreat√過去進(jìn)行時根本概念：過去進(jìn)行時表示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作。根本結(jié)構(gòu)主語+was/were+doing+其他內(nèi)容

注:doing就是現(xiàn)在分詞，詞形變化與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時相同常用的時間狀語

thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,while,atthattime,justnow不同的句式肯定句：主語+was/were+doing+其它否認(rèn)句:主語+was/were+not+doing+其它一般疑問句:Was/Were+主語+doing+其它特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+doing+其它用法

1.過去進(jìn)行時的根本用法主要表示過去某一時間正在進(jìn)行的動作。如：Hefellasleepwhenhewasreading.他看書時睡著了。

2.過去進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在主要是為了使語氣委婉、客氣。如：Iwaswonderingifyoucouldgivemealift.我不知你能否讓我搭一下車【注】一般過去時也有類似用法，但比較而言，用過去進(jìn)行時顯得更客氣，更不肯定。能否讓我搭一下車。3.過去進(jìn)行時表示感情色彩與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時相似，過去進(jìn)行時也可表示滿意、稱贊、驚訝、厭惡等感情色彩，也通常與always,forever,continually等副詞連用。如：Theywerealwaysquarrelling.他們老是吵架。4.動詞be的過去進(jìn)行時也可表示過去一時的表現(xiàn)或暫時的狀態(tài)。比較：Hewasfriendly.他很友好。(指過去長期如此)Hewasbeingfriendly.他當(dāng)時顯得很友好。(指當(dāng)時一時的表現(xiàn))一般過去時與過去進(jìn)行時的區(qū)別1、一般過時往往表示某一動作已經(jīng)完成，而過去進(jìn)行時卻表示動作在持續(xù)或未完成。比較：Shewrotealettertoherfriendlastnight.她昨晚給朋友寫了封信。(信寫完了)Shewaswritingalettertoherfriendlastnight.她昨晚一直在給朋友寫信。(信不一定寫完)

2、一般過去時表示只做一次動作，而過去進(jìn)行時卻表示動作反復(fù)地進(jìn)行。

如：Shewavedtome.她朝我揮了揮手。Shewaswavingtome.她一直朝我揮手。3、句中有amomentago之類的短語一般用一般過去時。

4、句中有atthistimelastSunday,from8to9yesterday之類的狀語一般用過去進(jìn)行時。過去進(jìn)行時可以用來代替一般過去時，表示更為偶然而非預(yù)定的動作：

IwastalkingtoTomtheotherday．那天我跟湯姆聊天來著。典型的例子1)Mary___adresswhenshecutherfinger.

A.madeB.ismakingC.wasmakingD.makes

答案C.割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過去時。同時，when表時間的同時性，"瑪麗在做衣服時"提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進(jìn)行時。

2)Asshe___thenewspaper,Granny___asleep.

read；wasfallingB.wasreading；fellC.wasreading；wasfallingD.read；fell

答案B.句中的as=when,while，意為"當(dāng)……之時"。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時，用過去進(jìn)行；一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。句意為"在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。"句中的fell(fall的過去時)，是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fallsick。

單項(xiàng)選擇題1.Mybrother___whilehe___hisbicycleandhurthimself.

A.fell,wasriding

B.fell,wereridingC.hadfallen,rode

D.hadfallen,wasriding2.Tom___intothehousewhennoone___.A.slipped,waslooking

B.hadslipped,lookedC.slipped,hadlooked

D.wasslipping,looked3.ThelasttimeI__Janeshe___cottoninthefields.

A.hadseen,waspicking

B.saw,pickedC.hadseen,picked

D.saw,waspicking4.Idon’tthinkJimsawme;he___intospace.

A.juststaredB.wasjuststaringC.hasjuststaredD.hadjuststared5.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She___ataradioshopatthetime.A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.hadworked

6.---Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!

---Oh,I’mterriblysorry.________.A.I’mnotnoticing

B.Iwasn’tnoticingC.Ihaven’tnoticed

D.Ididn’tnotice

7.ThereportersaidthattheUFO___easttowestwhenhesawit.A.wastravelingB.traveledC.hadbeentravelingD.wastotravel

8.I___mybreakfastwhenthemorningpostcame.A.hadB.hadbeenhavingC.havebeenhavingD.washaving填入以下單詞的正確形式1.Itwaswarm,soI________offmycoat(take).2.John_________(take)aphotographofmewhileI__________(not/look).3.Jane______________________(wait)formewhenI__________(arrive).4.WhenIwasyoung,I____________(want)tobeabusdriver.

5.MybrothercameintothebedroomwhileI___________

(dance).6.________he__________(lie)onthegroundatnineyesterdayevening?7.What__________Jim__________(write)whentheteachercamein?8.TheReads__________(nothave)lunchwhenIgottotheirhouse.9.MikeandI________(play)basketballatthattimeyesterdayafternoon.按要求轉(zhuǎn)換以下句型。1.WewerehavingaPEclassatfouryesterdayafternoon.〔改為否認(rèn)句〕We____________aPEclassatfouryesterdayafternoon.2.Katewasreviewingherlessonsateightlastnight.〔改為一般疑問句，并做肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)〕________Kate_______herlessonsateightlastnight?________,she________.

________,she_______.3.Heraninthepark.〔用atthistimeyesterday改寫〕He_______________intheparkatthistimeyesterday.4.Theywereplayingcomputergamesatninelastnight.〔對劃線局部提問〕________________they_______atninelastnight?5.Iwasreadinganovelatthreeyesterdayafternoon.〔對劃線局部提問〕_________________you________atthreeyesterdayafternoon?

過去完成時態(tài)2.過去完成時可以表示過去某一時刻或某一動作之前完成的動作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)。也就是說發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。1.PastperfectTense過去完成時構(gòu)成：had＋過去分詞6:007:00現(xiàn)在BythetimeIgotup,mysisterhadalreadywashedalltheclothes.肯定式：主語+had+p.p.+….

否認(rèn)式：主語+hadn’t+p.p.+….

疑問式：Had+主語+p.p.+…?

肯定答語：Yes,主語+had

否認(rèn)答語：No，主語+hadn’tThedifferencesbetweenPresentPerfecttenseandPastPerfecttense.ShehastaughtEnglishfor6years.“WhereisSusan”“ShehasgonetoAmerica”.表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作，這動作可能剛剛停止,也可能還在進(jìn)行。ShesaidshehadtaughtEnglishfor6years.(2)BythetimeIgottoLondon,shehadgonetoAmerica.表示過去某時之前發(fā)生的動作?，F(xiàn)在完成時:主語+have/hasdone過去完成時:主語+haddone1.我到家時她已經(jīng)睡了。

BythetimeIgothome,shehadalreadygonetobed.2.到昨天晚上時消息已傳遍全球。

Byyesterdayeveningthenewshadspreadthroughtheworld.3.他走以后我找到了那封信。Ifoundtheletterafterhehadgoneaway.Wereachedthecinemalate.Thefilmhadalreadybeenonfortenminutes.4.我們到電影院晚了,電影已經(jīng)開始十分鐘了。常用的時間狀語等標(biāo)志詞：1、by,before,when,bythetime等構(gòu)成的短語或引導(dǎo)的從句。Eg.1)Bythetimeshecametothebusstop,thebushadalreadygone.2)Wehadfinishedthetaskbeforemidnight.3)WhenIarrivedatthepostoffice,IfoundthatIhadlefttheletterathome.4)AfterIhadfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttobed.2、由said,told,knew,heard,thought等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中。Eg.Hetoldmethathehadheardofit.Ithoughtmyhomeworkhadbeenfininshed.ButIdidn’t.3、從過去開始，一直持續(xù)到過去的另一時間的動作、狀態(tài)。常用since，for.Eg.ShesaidthatshehadlearnedEnglishforyearssincehecametoourschool注意：瞬間動詞不能和一段時間狀語，及since,for引導(dǎo)的從句和短語連用。Eg.1.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbegunfortenminutes.2.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbeenonfortenminutes.3.Hesaidthedoorhadbeenopendforlong.4.Hesaidthedoorhadopenedforlong.5.H