2023-2024學(xué)年北京重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高二（上）期中英語試卷（含解析）

2023-2024學(xué)年北京重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高二(上)期中英語試卷一、閱讀理解：本大題共14小題，共28分。AAreyouagiftedartist?Doyouthinkyoucandrawaprize-winninOceanDayon8June,TheWeekJuniorisrunningworld'scoolestseacreatures,andyourartworkcouldbepartofit!DrawapictureofyourfwithOCEANPOSTERasthesubjectlineby10April2seacreature,theaddressandphonenumberofyourparentorguardian.Oncethecompetitionhasclosed,ourjudgeswillpick10ofthebestanimaldrawings.Theywillbelthemostcreativeandcolorfuldrawings,sodon'tbeThewinningpictureswillbeshownonaTheWeekJuniorocEachwinnerwillalsoreceiveapaintbrushsetworthoverf80,whichwillTheWeekJuniorwillnotshareyourpersonaldetailswiththirdparties.TheWeekJuniorwillodetailstocontactthecompetitAllwinnerswillbeinformedaccordingly4-6weeksafterthecompetitionclparticipantsgivepermissionfortheirartworktobepublishedonline.EntriescannotbereturneA.celebrateWorldOceanDayC.advertiseTheWeekJunior2.WinnersofthecompetitioA.meetthejudgesB.getprizemoneyC.acceptdeliveryofprizesD.receiveanoceanp3.WhatwillTheWeekJuniorberesponsiblefor?A.Theprivacyoftheparticipants.B.Thedamageorlossofpictures.C.Thereturnoftheartworktothesenders.D.ThecomputerproblemsinsendingBLocalbarber(理發(fā)師)goesaboveandbeyondforalittleboytrafficwashorrible,soIknewitwasgoingtobedifficWhenErinnaandhersonfinallyarrivedattheJackson,aboywithautism(自閉癥),wouldbegettinghishaircut.chair.HewillputonhisheadphoErinnasaidJacksonisatypicaandhaircutsareoneofthem.ThestresswassointenseformJacksongotanotherhaircut.Butthistime,hewasinthehandsofRee,ReenoticedhisSuperMarioBrosshirtandtoldhimhim.Shecuthishairwhilehemovedandranaroundtheshop.ShetalkedtohimthroughencouraginghimandremindinghimaboutprotectingMariotokee"Itjusttouchedmesomuch,"Erinnasaid:"Shenurturedthatrelationship.ShegainedhiexpressthemselvessoItrytofindJackson'ssmiletoldtherestofthestory.Erinnawasverymovedbyherson'shaircut.Shesharedavideoonline,whichhasgottenmillionsofvthehugeresponse,EA.Hismother'strust.C.Hisbarber'sencouragement.D.HisheadphonesA.ByinspiringhimtobebravC.ByturningthehairA.Kindandhonest.C.Caringandgenerous.CStoreownershavebeeninventingnewtrickstogetconsumersiwefindnewstrategiestoresist,neuroscientists(神經(jīng)科學(xué)家)areemployedatmarketingagenciesacrossthecountrytobestfigureoutwhatisgoingthroughaconsuWeconsumersoverspendduetothefactthatwehaveafearofmissingtherforthesamethingandlosemoney.Normally,theprefrontalcortex(前額皮層)controlsouremotionalreactionstothings,andkeepsusfromactingunreasonablybycprefrontalcortexjustbydisplayingflashydealsigns,encouragingittodomathonhonowbybuyingmoreofsomethingwedon'tactuallyneedyet.Nostalgia,thatregretfulaffectionforpastevents,isanotherstronginfluencerdurshapedbyemotion.Emotion-whethergoodorbad-enhancestheformationofmemories,engagingmorepartsofthebrain.Sohearinganephewsingingacarol,forinstance,mightreawakenmemoriesassociatedwithsonginamuchmorepowerfulwaythanhearingthatsamenephewsinganothebroughtbackevenmoreeasilybysensoryinput.ThismightbewhyWhereveryoupurchasegifts,therearesocialinfluencesonwhatyoubuareespeciallyconditionedtopaymoreforthelabelbecausewe'rebuthemessagethat"thispersonhasspentmoreonme,soheorshemustvaluememorethingsseemprettymuchthesame,howdoehavetorelyoneachother.Sowhenourbrainsaretryingtomakedecisiotifalotofotherpeopleprefersomething(andhighercostisoftenapredictorofthat),thentheremustbeaMuchofourholidayspendingisdrivenbyunplannedpurchases.Planahead,resisttheurgetopurchaseinthemoment,makenotesforcomparisonshopping,andifthedealisactuallygood,thenitwilyou'llfeelgoodaboutyourpurchaseslater.Beforeyoublowyourbudgetthisseason,rememberthaty7.FromParagraph2,A.theprefrontalcortexisthC.thesightofflashydealsignsmayD.theadvertisersmakeconsumerspaymorefortheA.Creatingafestivalatmosphere.B.FollowiC.Preparingmorefreesamples.A.Theyaremorereliable.B.TheC.Theymakepeoplefeelvalued.D.TheyA.buyinthemomentC.returnunnecessaryproductsD.makeaplaninadvanceDUpskillingisthefuture—butitmustworkforeveAutomationandjobreplacementwillbeoneofthemostsignificantchallengesfortheglobaleconomyofthecomingdecades.A2017Mckinseyreportestablishedthat375millionworkerscategoriesby2030.TheWorldEconomicForumsuggeststhatby2022,automationwillreplace75millionjobsResearchintothelikelihoodthatajobwillbeimpactedbydigitizationhaslargelyfo"automatability"oftheroleandthefollowingeconomicregionalandpoliticaleffectsofthis.Whatthisresearchdoesn'ttakeintoaccountissomethingmoreimportantforthemillionsoftaxglobe:theirlikelihoodofbeingabletochangetoanotherjobthatisn'tautomatable.Recentresearchsuggeststhattheanswertothismaybethattheskillsthatenableworkerstomoveupthelatheircurrentareasmightbelessimportantthanbroaderskillsthatwilworkforce.Whilepraiseworthy,itwillbeinterestingtoSchemehaslargelybeeoftenlow-skilled—willmissout.Governancewillbeacrucialelemeindividualsandlife-longlearning,ratherthanupskillingworkersintAccordingtotheMckinseyreport,"growingawarenessofthescaleofthetaskaheadhasyettotranslateintoaction.Publicspendingonlabour-forcetrainingandsupporthasfallenOrganisationforEconomicCo-OperationandDevelopment,"whichimpactsmorethanjustthelow-skTheglobalimpactofautomationisalsoputintoreliefbyresearchdemonstratingthat,betincomeinequalityincreasedthroughouttheworld.BillionsofpeopledonothavetheessentialsoflifeasdefinedbyAlongsideclimatechange,automationisarguabandemployers—andusworkers—ignoreitspotentialconsequencesatrisA.recentresearchhasfoundwaystofaceautomC.regionaleconomycanaffecttheauD.itisevenharderforworkerstomoveupt12.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsA.Supportive.B.Critical.C.Skeptical.D.Sympathetic.A.Lessspendingontraining.B.AslowdC.Socialunrestandinstability.D.AniA.arguetheurgencyofcreatingnewjobsB.compareglobalizationC.analyzetheautomatabilityofcertainjobsD.stresstheimportanceofupskil二、閱讀七選五：本大題共5小題，共10分。Petsarelikeourfamilymembersandtheithepollutants,suchascarbonmonoxide(一氧化物)andcarbondioxideintheair,affectsameenvironmentalnastiescanaffe(1)57%ofdogsexposedtohigherpollutionproblems.InamorerecentstudyfromthejournalofVeterinaryInternalMedicine,researchersfoundthatcatswithbreathingproblemsweremorelikelytoliveinhouseholdswithhigherindoorairpolAirpurifiershavebeenbroughtintouseinrecentyears.Theyworktoremoveharmfulchemicalsknownaorganiccompounds(VOCs)andotherenvironmentalpollu(3)Thephysicalsatermsofphysicalharm,thereisanexistingriskofourpetbecomingtrappedintheelectricalwireofourairpurifier.Airpurifiersaredesignedtobeusedinthehomearoundchildrenabesafefromsmalltailsofourpetsandotherpartsoftheirbodies.(Whethertheairpurifierimprovesordamagesthehealthofouranimalsisalsosomairpurifiersaresafeforpets,butonlyiftheydonotproduceanyozone(臭氧)byproduct.(5)Wepickingastandardairpurifierwiththeclassic3-stagefiltration(過濾)systemofPickingthewrongairpurifiertypecanquicklymakethingsworseforourpets.OntheocorrectairpurifiercanleadtoA.AtpresentmanyhomesareequippedwiththeseusefulB.BB.BB.BB.BB.BBenclimbedin."Badnews."Hegavheavens.Atfirst,I(4)Florida.Everythingchanged,though,whenI(5)"Itmusthavebeenfate!"weclaimed.ButIthinkthat"MaybeyourfamilywillgetmovedtoVirginiatoo"ThenIllpackmyroller-skates.""ThenIllwearaponchWe(9).Theknewitwasprobablyrain,butstill,Ithoughtthat,maybe,itwasadropofmagiclemonade,becausenothing20.A.soundB.patternC.number21.A.playfulB.gratefulC.cheerfulD22.A.failedB.softenedC.sank25.A.signB.magicC.flavour26.A.hopeB.joy27.A.necessaryB.convenientC.readyD.useful28.A.struggledB.arguedC.laughedD.compromised四、語法填空：本大題共1小題，共15分。AEmmawasonherwayhomesidewalkgasping(急喘)forair,hisfrightenedmotherbegging(1)help.Emmarushedtotheboy,whosefacehadturnedpurple."What'swrong(learned)howtoperformtheHeimlichmaneuver(海姆立克急救法)atschool.Sheacted(quick).Soon,theboycoughedupapiecB(come)toanendrecently.Itisundoubtedlythemost(5)15worldrecordsbroken.Thecompetitiveatmosphforit.GreenenergysourceswereusedataformanagingcarbonemissionsCaseriesofmeetingsbringingtogethergovernmentstoprotecttheenvironment.Itsmaingoalwastotakemeasuragainstclimatechange—long-termchangesinworldweatherpatternsincludingfarming,industryandtransport.Gasess五、書面表達(dá)：本大題共2小題，共50分。31.EveryyearmoreofustryandredRefillshopstendtobesmall,independentstoresthatsellnon-packagedgoods.MostofthetimeoneslikericeandnutsproduceddirectlyinTheycanalsobemanyothersustainable(可持續(xù)的)products,likerefillcleaningonlyneedtobringcontainerstheyalreadyowmoresustainableandkindertotheplanet,andyourcommunity.Ifyou'rewalkingdownthestreettoyourlocalrefillshop,thenyou'redoinggreatbutifyou'redrivinghoursawaytofindyourclosestshomaycanceloutanybenefitsofwhatyoubuy.Remember,it'sthewholeprocessnotjusttheendproduct.Perhapsthemostsignificantaspectofshoppingatlocalrefillshconsumerhabits.TheymakeuspauseandthinkabouthowwecanmakepositivechangesfIfyoucanshoplocalandfromindependentrefillshops,thenyoushminimisingwasteandchoosingrefillswhereyoucanwillmakeapositived(2)Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemostimportantvalueofrefillshopping?(3)PleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefolloARefillshopsarebuiltincommunitieswithinwalkingdistancebecausedrivingtotheseshopscancostmoney.(4)Inreality,refillshopshavenotwonmuchpopularityyet.Whatdoyouthinkmightbethepossiblerea32.你校正在組織英語作文比賽。請以“ThePersonI(1)該人物是誰；(2)該人物的主要貢獻(xiàn)；(3)該人物對你的影響。這次的繪畫比賽是為了慶祝世界海洋日。故選A。2.根據(jù)Whatyoucouldwin部分中Eachwinnerwillalsoreceiveapaintbrushsdeliveredtoyou.可知，參賽的獲勝者將會收到快遞過去的獎品。故選C。3.根據(jù)Termsandconditions部分中TheWeekJuniorwillnotshareyourperTheWeekJuniorwillonlyuseperson的隱私負(fù)責(zé)。故選A?！窘馕觥?1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中"Andweforgothisheadphones.Wewererunninglate,trafficwashorrible,soIknewitwasgoingtobedifficultthatday."(我們糕，所以我知道那天會很困難。")以及第三段"Hejustimmediatelygotanxious,"Erinnaexplained."Usually立刻變得焦慮起來，"Erinna解釋道。"通常我必須做一些指導(dǎo)才能讓我們就接通了。")可知，通常耳機(jī)能幫助杰克遜在理發(fā)時冷靜下來。故選D項(xiàng)。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段ReenoticedhisSuperMarioBrosshirtandtoldhimthatheneededtosaveMariobymakingsurenohairgotonhim.Shecuthishairwhilehehimthroughouttheentireprocess,encouraginghimandremindinghimaboutprotectingMariotokeeengaged.”(Ree注意到他的超級馬里奧兄弟襯衫，并告訴他，他需要拯救馬里奧，確保他沒有頭發(fā)。他在奧，讓他保持專注。)可知，Ree把理發(fā)變成一場保護(hù)馬里奧的游戲，成功地剪掉杰克遜的頭發(fā)。A.By(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段ReenoticedhisSuperMarioBrosshirtandtoldhimthatheneededtosaveMariobymakingsurenohairgotonhim.Shecuthishairwhilehemhimthroughouttheentireprocess,encouraginghimandremindinghimaboutprotectingMariotokeephimengaged.”(Ree注意到他的超級馬里奧兄弟襯衫，并告訴他，他需要拯救馬里奧，確保他沒有頭發(fā)。他在店里跑來跑去的時候，她給他剪了頭發(fā)。在整個過程中，她都在與他交談，鼓勵奧，讓他保持專注。)以及第七段"IfeelgoodIcangchildrenwanttobefree.TheywanttoexB項(xiàng)。這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了對于患有自病癥的6歲孩子杰克遜來說，理發(fā)是一件很困難的事情。理發(fā)師flashydealsigns,encouragingittodomathonhowmuchmoneywemightsavenowedon'tactuallyneedyet.勵它做數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算，通過購買更多我們實(shí)際上不需要的東西現(xiàn)在可以節(jié)省多少錢。)可知，眼花繚亂的廣告交易信號可能會使消費(fèi)者充滿恐懼。故選C。(2)A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Nostalgia,thatregret(懷舊之情，是對過去事件的遺憾，是節(jié)日期間另一個強(qiáng)烈的影響力，它是由情感所塑造的。)可知，營造節(jié)日氣氛對消費(fèi)者有效。故選A。(3)C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Thehthelabelbecausewe'rebuyinggifts.Receivingabrand-namegiftsendsthemoreonme,soheorshemustvaluememore.(假期是時候，因?yàn)槲覀円I禮物，所以我們特別有條件為標(biāo)簽付更多錢.收到名牌禮物會發(fā)送一條信息，表示"此人在我身上花了更多錢，所以他或她必須更珍惜我。)可知，在節(jié)日期間購買名牌禮物使人們感到被重視。故選C。(4)D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Planahead,resisttheurgetopurchaseinthemoment,macomparisonshopping,andifthedealisactuallygood,thenitwillholdyourpurchaseslater.(提前計劃，暫時抵制購買的沖動，做比較購物的記錄，如果交易真的很好，那么它將接受檢查，以后您會對購買感到滿意。)可知，為避免超支，作者建議提前制定計劃。故選D。本文是一篇日常生活類閱讀，主要講述了消費(fèi)超支的現(xiàn)象，原因，人們的心理以做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理根據(jù)第二段中Recentresearchsuggeststhat…tochangeacrossdivisions.(最近的研究表明，這個問題的答案可能是，讓員工在當(dāng)前領(lǐng)域晉升到更復(fù)雜角色的技能，可能不如讓員工提高跨部要。)可知，廣泛的技能在換工作中具有重要意義。故選B。訓(xùn)計劃在很大程度上是由雇主主導(dǎo)的，這意味著那些持零工時合同和兼職工人——通常是低將被淘汰。)轉(zhuǎn)折的語義以及對再培訓(xùn)計劃結(jié)果的說明可知，作者對再培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目持懷疑態(tài)度。故選C。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Theglobalimpactofautomation…throughouttheworld.(研究表明，從1988年到2015年，全世界的收入不平等加劇，這也凸顯了自動化對全球的影響。)可知，自動化對全球的影響之一就是收入不平等的加劇。故選D。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題pskillingisthefuture—butitmustworkfore用于每個人),結(jié)合文章主要說明了自動化和就業(yè)替代將是未來幾十年全球經(jīng)濟(jì)面臨的最重大挑戰(zhàn)之一，而對應(yīng)這一趨勢，當(dāng)務(wù)之急是提高自身技能，尤其是跨部門跳槽所需要的廣泛技【解析】(1)G.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)后句57%ofdogsexposedtohigherpollutionlevelsdevelopedbraindiseasesandshowedsignsofneuroproblems(57%的狗暴露在高污染水平下，會患上腦部疾病，并出現(xiàn)神經(jīng)問題的跡象),所以G選項(xiàng)：A2008studypublishedinBrainandCognitionshowedthatdogs'brainswerendiseases和dogs'brainswerenegativelyaffected是關(guān)聯(lián)詞，故選G。(2)A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)前句Airpurifiershavebeenbroughtintouseinrecentyears.Theyworktoremoveharmfulchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccom他們致力于從空氣中去除被稱為揮發(fā)性有機(jī)化合物(VOCs)的有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)和其他環(huán)境污染物),所以設(shè)備。)符合前后介紹空氣凈化器的語境，故選A。(3)B.段落主旨題。根據(jù)后句Thephysicalsafetyofusingamechanicaldevicearoundpetsiswpayattentionto須注意的);以及下一段的首句Whethertheairpurifierimprovesordamagesthehealthofouranimalsisalso們動物的健康也是我們必須考慮的問題),所以B選項(xiàng)：Beforebuyinganairpurifier,weshouldkeeptwoaspectsinmind.(在購買空氣凈化器之前，我們應(yīng)該記住兩個方面。)符合這兩段的語境，故選B。(4)D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)前句Airpurifiersaredesignedtobeusedinthehomearoundchildrenandtheirinternalmechanismsshouldalsobesafefromsmalltailsofourpetsandotherpartsof(空氣凈化器設(shè)計用于兒童周圍的家中，其內(nèi)部機(jī)制也應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)離寵物的小尾巴及其身體的其他部位),所以anyozone(臭氧)byproduct(空氣凈化器對寵物是安全的，但前提是它們不會產(chǎn)生任何臭氧),所以E選項(xiàng)：Thisgreatlydependsonthetypeofairpurifierandaircleaningtechnologyused.(這在很大程度上取決于空氣凈化器的類型和使用的空氣凈化技術(shù)。)符合前后的語境，this代指tproduceanyozone(臭氧)byproduct,故選E。本文是一篇說明文。分析了環(huán)境問題會影響我們的寵物的原因，并且介紹了購hope."可知，此處指Ben雖然看起來悲傷，但也對他們的友誼充滿D.useful有用的。句意：我會為你準(zhǔn)備好檸檬水?dāng)偂８鶕?jù)下文"ThenIllpackmyroller-skates."可知，此是指Ben在臨走前為作者準(zhǔn)備好檸檬水?dāng)偅驗(yàn)檫@是他們友誼開始的地方。故選D.compromised妥協(xié)，互讓。句意：我們都笑了。根據(jù)上文"Illhavealemonadestand(8)foryou.""ThenI'llpackmyroller-skates.""ThenI'llwearaponcho(雨披).""可知這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在Ben告知即將搬走的時候回憶起了他們的友情是如何建立的，并且相才能大概了解文章的內(nèi)容。千萬不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。整個句子的內(nèi)容，包括搭配、時態(tài)、語法等。答案全填完后，再通讀一遍文章，【小題2】hadlearned【小題3】quickly【小題4】hascome【小題5】amazing【小題6】what【小題7】where【小題8】known【小題9】that/which【解析】(1)考查介詞。句意：她環(huán)顧四周，看到一個小男孩在人行道上喘著氣，他的母親嚇壞了，在乞求幫助。根據(jù)空前的begging可知，此處使用介詞for,begfor"乞求",為固定短語。故填for。(2)考查過去完成時。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，艾瑪在學(xué)校學(xué)會了海姆利克急救法。根據(jù)句意及空前的was可知，此處使用過去完成時，故動詞learn"學(xué)會"用hadlearned形式，構(gòu)成過去完成時。故填hadlearned。(3)考查副詞。句意：她行動迅速。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本空填副詞quickly”迅速地",作狀語，修飾動(4)考查現(xiàn)在完成時。句意：第19屆亞運(yùn)會于9月23日至10月8日在杭州和浙江其他五個城市舉行，近日落下帷幕。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處使用動詞作謂語，句中recently為現(xiàn)在完成時時間標(biāo)志。故填(5)考查形容詞。句意：毫無疑問，這是今年最令人驚嘆的體育賽事，有15項(xiàng)世界紀(jì)錄被打破。分析句(6)考查名詞性從句。句意：此外，更引人注目的是，"綠色奧運(yùn)"已經(jīng)成為它的一張名片。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)(7)考查定語從句或狀語從句。句意：例如，在舉辦奧運(yùn)會的六個城市，數(shù)字技術(shù)被用于管理場館的碳(8)考查過去分詞作定語。句意：被稱為"第26屆聯(lián)合國氣候變化締約方會議"的COP26是各國政府為保護(hù)環(huán)境而舉行的一系列會議中最新的一次。短語beknownas表示"被稱為",此處為過去分詞作定語，故填(9)考查定語從句。句意；它的主要目標(biāo)是采取措施應(yīng)對氣候變化與人類活動(包括農(nóng)業(yè)、工業(yè)和交通)有關(guān)的世界天氣模式的長期變化。定語從句修