2023考研英語二模擬考試題及答案

2023考研英語二模擬考試題及答案

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark

A,B,C

orDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

It'snotdifficulttosettargetsforstaff.Itismuchharder,1,tounderstand

theirnegative

consequences.Mostwork-relatedbehaviorshavemultiplecomponents.2oneandthe

others

becomedistorted.TravelonaLondonbusandyou'113seehowthisworkswithdrivers.

Watchpeoplegetonandshowtheirtickets.Aretheycarefullyinspected?Never.

Dopeoplegetonwithoutpaying?Ofcourse!Arethereinspectorsto4thatpeople

havepaid?Possibly,butveryfew.Andpeoplewhorunforthebus?Theyare5.How

aboutjumpinglights?Busesdosoalmostasfrequentlyascyclists.Why?Because

thetargetis6.Peoplecomplainedthatbuseswerelateandinfrequent.7,the

numberofbusesandbuslaneswereincreased,anddriverswere8orpunishedaccording

tothetimetheytook.Anddrivershitthesetargets.Butthey9hitcyclists.If

thetargetwaschangedto10,youwouldhavemoreinspectorsandmoresensitive

pricing.Ifthecriterionchangedtosafety,youwouldgetmore11driverswhoobeyed

trafficlaws.Butboththesecriteriawouldbeattheexpenseoftime.Thereis

another12:peoplebecameimmenselyinventiveinhittingtargets.Haveyou13that

youcanleaveonaflightanhourlatebutstillarriveontime?Tailwinds?Ofcourse

not!Airlineshavesimplychangedthetimea14ismeanttotake.Aone-hourfight

isnowballadasatwo-hourflight.The15ofthestoryissimple.Mostjobsare

multidimensional,withmultiplecriteria.Chooseonecriterionandyoumaywell16

others.EverythingCanbedonefasterandmadecheaper,butthereisa17.Setting

targetscananddoeshaveunforeseennegativeconsequences.Thisisnotanargument

againsttarget-setting.Butitisanargumentforexploringconsequencesfirst.All

goodtargetsshouldhavemultiplecriteria18criticalfactorssuchastime,money,

qualityandcustomerfeedback.Thetrickisnotonlyto19justoneoreventwo

dimensionsoftheobjective,butalsotounderstandhowtohelppeoplebetter20

theobjective.

1.[A]therefore

[B]however

[C]again

[D]moreover

2.[A]Emphasizes

[B]Identify

[C]Asses

[D]Explain

第1頁共17頁

3.[A]nearly

[B]curiously

[C]eagerly

[D]quickly

4.[A]claim

[B]prove

[C]check

[D]recall

5.[A]threatened

[B]ignored

[C]mocked

[D]blamed

6.[A]punctuality

[B]hospitality

[C]competition

[D]innovation

7.[A]Yes

[B]So

[C]Besides

[D]Still

8.[A]hired

[B]trained

[C]rewarded

[D]grouped

9.[A]only

[B]rather

[C]once

[D]also

10.[A]comfort

[B]revenue

[C]efficiency

[D]security

11.[A]friendly

[B]quiet

[C]cautious

[D]diligent

12.[A]purpose

[B]problem

[C]prejudice

[D]policy

13.[A]reported

[B]revealed

[C]admitted

[D]noticed

第2頁共17頁

14.[A]break

[B]trip

[C]departure

[D]transfer

15.[A]moral

[B]background

[C]style

[D]form

16.[A]interpret

[B]criticize

[C]sacrifice

[D]tolerate

17.[A]task

[B]secret

[C]product

[D]cast

18.[A]leadingto

[B]callingfor

[C]relatingto

[D]accountingfor

19.[A]specify

[B]predict

[C]restore

[D]create

20.[A]modify

[B]review

[C]present

[D]achieve

參考答案：

1.[B]however

2.[A]Emphasize

3.[D]quickly

4.[C]check

5.[B]ignored

6.[A]punctuality

7.[B]So

8.[C]rewarded

9.[D]also

10.[B]revenue

11.[C]cautious

12.[B]problem

13.[D]noticed

14.[B]trip

15.[B]background

第3頁共”頁

16.[C]sacrifice

17.[D]cost

18.[C]relatingto

19.[A]specify

20.[D]achieve

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing

A,B,CorD.

MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

'Reskilling'issomethingthatsoundslikeabuzzwordbutisactuallyarequirement

ifweplan

tohaveafuturewherealotofwould-beworkersdonotgetleftbehind.

Weknowwearemovingintoaperiodwherethejobsindemandwillchangerapidly,

aswill

therequirementsofthejobsthatremainResearchbytheWEFdetailedintheHarvard

Business

Review,findsthatonaverage42percentoftheacoreskills〃withinjobroles

willchangeby2022.

Thatisaveryshorttimeline,sowecanonlyimaginewhatthechangeswillbefurther

inthe

future.

Thequestionofwhoshouldpayforreskillingisathornyone.Forindividual

companies,the

temptationisalwaystoletgoofworkerswhoseskillsarenolongerindemandand

replacethem

withthosewhoseskillsare.Thatdoesnotalwayshappen.AT&Tisoftengivenas

thegold

standardofacompanywhodecidedtodoamassivereskillingprogramratherthan

gowitha

fire-and-hirestrategy.Othercompanieshadalsopledgedtocreatetheirownplans.

Whentheskills

mismatchisinthebroadereconomy.Though,thefocususuallyturnstogovernment

tohandle.

EffortsinCanadaandelsewherehavebeenarguablylanguidatbest.Andhavegiven

usasituation

wherewefrequentlyhearofemployersbeggingforworkers.Evenattimesandin

regionswhere

unemploymentishigh.

Withthepandemic,unemploymentisveryhighindeed.InFebruaryat3.5percent

and5.5

第4頁共17頁

P.C.respectively,unemploymentratesinCanadaandtheUnitedStateswereat

generationallows

andworkershortageswereeverywhere.AsofMay,thoserateshadspikedupto13.3

percent

and13.7percent,andalthoughmanyworkershortageshaddisappeared,notallhad

doneso.In

themedicalfield,totakeanobviousexample,thepandemicmeantthattherewere

stillclean

shortagesofdoctors,nursesandothermedicalpersonnel.

Ofcourse,itisnotlikeyoucantakeanunemployedwaiterandtrainhimtobea

doctorina

fewweeks,nomatterwhopaysforit.Butevenifyoucannotclosethegap,maybe

youcanclose

othersanddoingsowouldbetothebenefitofallconcern.Thatseemstobethe

caseinSweden:

whenforcedtofurlough90PC.oftheircabinstaff.ScandinavianAirlinedecided

tostartupa

shortretainingprogramthatreskilledthe1aid-offworkerstosupporthospital

staff.Theeffortwas

acollectiveoneandinvolvedothercompaniesaswellasaSwedishuniversity.

21.ResearchbytheWorldEconomicForumsuggests

[A]anincreaseinfulltimeemployment

[B]anurgentdemandfornewjobsills

[C]asteadygrowthofjobopportunities

[D]acontroversyreaboutthe“coreskills

22.AT&Tiscitedtoshow.

[A]analternativetothefire-and-hirestrategy

[B]animmediateneedforgovernmentsupport

[C]theimportanceofstaffappraisalstandards

[D]thecharacteristicsofres-killingprograms

23.EflorlstoresolvetheskillsmismatchinCanada

[A]havedrivenuplabourcosts

[B]haveprovedtobeinconsistent

[C]havemetwithfierceopposition

[D]haveappearedtobeinsufficient

24.WecanlearnfromParagraph3thattherewas

[A]acallforpolicyadjustment

[B]achangeinhiringpractices

[C]alackofmedicalworkers

[D]asignofeconomicrecovery

25.ScandinavianAirlinesdecidedto.

[A]createjobvacanciesfortheunemployed

[B]preparetheirlaidofworkersforotherjobs

第5頁共17頁

[C]retraintheircabinstaffforbetterservices

[D]financetheirstaff"scollegeeducation

參考答案：

21>[B]anurgentdemandfornewjobskills

22、[A]analternativetothefireandhirestrategy

23>[D]haveappearedtobeinsufficient

24^[C]alackofmedicalworkers

25、[B]preparetheirlaid-offworkersforotherjobs

Text2

Withtheglobalpopulationpredictedtohitcloseto10billionby2050,andforecasts

that

agriculturalproductioninsomeregionswillneedtonearlydoubletokeeppace,

foodsecurityis

increasinglymakingheadlines.IntheUK,ithasbecomeabigtalkingpointrecently

too,fora

ratherparticularreason:Brexit.

BrexitisseenbysomeasanopportunitytoreversearecenttrendtowardstheUK

importing

food.Thecountryproducesonlyabout60percentofthefooditeats,downfrom

almost

three-quartersinthelate1980s.Amovebacktoself-sufficiency,theargumentgoes,

wouldboost

thefarmingindustry,politicalsovereigntyandeventhenation，shealth.Sounds

great一buthow

feasibleisthisvision?

AccordingtoareportonUKfoodproductionfromtheUniversityofLeeds,UK,85

percent

ofthecountry，stotallandareaisassociatedwithmeatanddairyproduction.That

supplies80per

centofwhatisconsumed,soevencoveringthewholecountryinlivestockfarms

wouldn，tallow

ustocoverallourmeatanddairyneeds.

Therearemanycaveatstothosefigures,buttheyarestillgrave.Tobecomemuch

more

self-sufficient,theUKwouldneedtodrasticallyreduceitsconsumptionofanimal

foods,and

probablyalsofarmmoreintensively一meaningfewergreenfields,andmore

factory-style

production.

Butswitchingtoamainlyplant-baseddietwouldn，thelp.Thereisagoodreason

whytheUK

isdominatedbyanimalhusbandry:mostofitsterraindoesn，thavetherightsoil

orclimatetogrow

第6頁共17頁

cropsonacommercialbasis.Just25percentofthecountry*slandissuitablefor

crop-growing,

mostofwhichisalreadyoccupiedbyarablefields.Evenifweconvertedallthe

suitablelandto

fieldsoffruitandveg-whichwouldinvolvetakingoutallthenaturereserves

andremoving

thousandsofpeoplefromtheirhomes-wewouldachieveonlya30percentboost

incrop

production.

Just23percentofthefruitandvegetablesconsumedintheUKarecurrently

home-grown,so

evenwiththemostextrememeasureswecouldmeetonly30percentofourfreshproduce

needs.

Thatisbeforewelookforthespacetogrowthegrains,sugars,seedsandoilsthat

provideuswith

thevastbulkofourcurrentcalorieintake.

26.Somepeoplearguethatfoodself-sufficiencyintheUKwould_______.

A.behinderedbyitspopulationgrowth

B.contributetothenation，swell-being

C.becomeapriorityofthegovernment

D.poseachallengetoitsfarmingindustry

27.ThereportbytheUniversityofLeedsshowsthatintheUK.

A.farmlandhasbeeninefficientlyutilized

B.factory-styleproductionneedsreforming

C.mostlandisusedformeatanddairyproduction

D.moregreenfieldswillbeconvertedforfarming

28.Crop-growingintheUKisrestricteddueto.

A.itsfarmingtechnology

B.itsdietarytradition

C.itsnaturalconditions

D.itscommercialinterests

29.ItcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraphthatBritishpeople.

A.relylargelyonimportsforfreshproduce

B.enjoyasteadyriseinfruitconsumption

C.areseekingeffectivewaystocutcalorieintake

D.aretryingtogrownewvarietiesofgrains

30.Theauthor，sattitudetofoodself-sufficiencyintheUKis.

A.defensive

B.doubtful

C.tolerant

D.Optimistic

參考答案

26.[B]contributetothenation,swell,being

27.[C]mostlandisusedformeatanddairyproduction

第7頁共17頁

28.[C]itsnaturalconditions

29.[A]relylargelyonimportsforfreshproduce

30.[B]doubtful

Text3

WhenMicrosoftboughttaskmanagementappWunderlistandmobilecalendarSunrise

in

2015,itpickedtwonewcomersthatwereattractingconsiderablebuzzinSilicon

Valley.

Microsoft'sownOfficedominatesthemarketfor〃productivity“software,butthe

start-ups

representedanewwaveoftechnologydesignedfromthegroundupforthesmartphone

world.

Bothapps,however,werelaterscrappedafterMicrosoftsaidithadusedtheirbest

featuresin

itsownproducts.Theirteamsofengineersstayedon,makingthemtwoofthemany

“acqui-hires〃

thatthebiggestcompanieshaveusedtofeedtheirgreathungerfortechtalent

ToMicrosoft'scritics,thefatesofWunderlistandSunriseareexamplesofa

remorseless

drivebyBigTechtochewupanyinnovativecompaniesthatlieintheirpath."They

boughtthe

seedlingsandclosedthemdown,“complainedPaulArnold,apartneratSan

Francisco-based

SwitchVentures,puttinganendtobusinessesthatmightonedayturninto

competitors.Microsoft

declinedtocomment.

Likeotherstart-upinvestors,MrArnold，sownbusinessoftendependsonselling

start:upsto

largertechcompanies,thoughheadmitstomixedfeelingsabouttheresult:"Ithink

thesethings

aregoodforme,ifIputmyselfishhaton.ButaretheygoodfortheAmericaneconomy?

Idon't

know.，z

TheUSFederalTradeCommissionsaysitwantstofindtheanswertothatquestion.

This

week,itaskedthefivemostvaluableUStechcompaniesforinformationabouttheir

manysmall

acquisitionsoverthepastdecade.Althoughonlyaresearchprojectatthisstage,

therequesthas

raisedtheprospectofregulatorswadingintoearly-stagetechmarketsthatuntil

nowhavebeen

beyondtheirreach.

Giventheircombinedmarketvalueofmorethan$5.5trillion,riflingthroughsuch

small

第8頁共17頁

Deals-manyofthemmuchlessprominentthanWunderlistandSunrise-mightseem

beside

thepoint.Betweenthem,thefivebiggesttechcompanieshavespentanaverageof

only$3.4

billionayearonsub-$lbillionacquisitionsoverthepastfiveyears-adropin

theocean

comparedwiththeirmassivefinancialreserves,andthemorethan$130billion

ofventure

capitalthatwasinvestedintheUslastyear.

However,criticssaythebigcompaniesusesuchdealstobuytheirmostthreatening

potential

competitorsbeforetheirbusinesseshaveachancetogainmomentum,insomecases

aspartofa

“buyandkilltactictosimplyclosethemdown.

31.WhatistrueaboutWunderlistandSunriseaftertheiracquisitions?

A.Theirengineerswereretained.

B.Theirmarketvaluesdeclined.

C.Theirtechfeaturesimproved.

D.Theirproductswererepriced.

32.Microsoft'scriticsbelievethatthebigtechcompaniestendto

Aexaggeratetheirproductquality

B.eliminatetheirpotentialcompetitors

C.treatnewtechtalentunfairly

D.ignorepublicopinions

33.PaulArnoldisconcernedthatsmallacquisitionsmight

A.weakenbigtechcompanies

B.worsenmarketcompetition

C.harmthenationaleconomy

D.discouragestart-upinvestors

34.TheUSFederalTradeCommissionintendsto

A.limitBigTech，sexpansion

B.encourageresearchcollaboration

C.examinesmallacquisitions

D.supervisestart-upsoperations

35.Forthefivebiggesttechcompanies,theirsmallacquisitionshave

A.broughtlittlefinancialpressure

B.raisedfewmanagementchallenges

C.setaexampleforfuturedeals

D.generatedconsiderableprofits

參考答案：

第9頁共17頁

31.[A]Theirengineerswereretained.

32.[B]eliminatetheirpotentialcompetitors

33.[C]harmthenationaleconomy

34.[C]examinesmallacquisitions

35.[A]broughtlittlefinancialpressure

Text4

Weyrefairlygoodatjudgingpeoplebasedonfirstimpressions,thinslicesof

experience

rangingfromaglimpseofaphototoafiveminuteinteraction,anddeliberation

canbenotonly

extraneousbutintrusive.Inonestudyoftheabilityshecalled“thinslicing.，z

thelatepsychologist

NaliniAmbadyaskedparticipantstowatchsilent1O-secondvideoclipsofprofessors

andtorate

theinstructor，soveralleffectiveness.Theirratingscorrelatedstrongly,with

students,

end-of-semesterratings.Anothersetofparticipantshadtocountbackwardfrom

1,000byninesas

theywatchedtheclips,occupyingtheirconsciousworkingmemory.Theirratingswere

justas

accurate,demonstratingtheintuitivenatureofthesocialprocessing.

Critically,anothergroupwasaskedtospendaminutewritingdownreasonsfortheir

judgment,beforegivingtherating.Accuracy,droppeddramatically.Ambady

suspectedthat

deliberationfocusedthemonvividbutmisleadingcues,suchascertaingestures

orutterances,

ratherthanlettingthecomplexinterplayofsubtlesignalsformaholistic

impression.Shefound

similarinterferencewhenparticipantswatched15-secondclipsofpairsofpeople

andjudged

whethertheywerestrangers,friends,ordatingpartners.

Otherresearchshowswe'rebetteratdetectingdeceptionfromthinsliceswhenwe

relyon

intuitioninsteadofreflection.〃It'sasifyou'redrivingastickshit,〃says

JudithHall,a

psychologistatNortheasternUniversity,“andifyoustartthinkingaboutittoo

much,youcan，t

rememberwhatyou'redoing.Butifyougoonautomaticpilot,you*refine.Much

ofoursocial

lifeislikethat.”

Thinkingtoomuchcanalsoharmourabilitytoformpreferences.Collegestudents'

ratingsof

strawberryjamsandcollegecoursesalignedbetterwithexperts*opinionswhenthe

students

第10頁共17頁

weren，taskedtoanalyzetheirrationale.Andpeoplemadecar-buyingdecisionsthat

wereboth

objectivelybetterandmorepersonallysatisfyingwhenaskedtofocusontheir

feelingsratherthan

ondetails,butonlyifthedecisionwascomplex—whentheyhadalotofinformation

toprocess.

Intuition，sspecialpowersareunleashedonlyincertaincircumstances.Inone

study,

participantscompletedabatteryofeighttasks,includingfourthattappedrelctive

thinking

(discerningnules,comprehendingvocabulary)andfourthattappedintuitionand

creativity

(generatingnewproductsorfiguresofspeech).Thentheyratedthedegreetowhich

theyhadused

intuition(〃gutfeelings.，z"hunches,“"myheart").Useoftheirguthurttheir

performanceonthe

firstfourtasks,asexpected,andhelpedthemontherest.Sometimestheheartis

smarterthanthe

head.

36.NaliniAmbady'sstudydealswith

[A]thepowerofpeopleSmemory

[B]thereliabilityoffirstimpressions

[C]instructor-studentinteraction

[D]people*sabilitytoinfluenceothers

37.InAmbady，sstudy,ratingaccuracydroppedwhenparticipants.

[A]focusedonspecificdetails

[B]gavetheratinginlimitedtime

[C]watchedshortervideoclips

[D]discussedwithoneanother

38.JudithHallmentionsdrivingtoshowthat

[A]reflectioncanbedistracting

[B]memorymaybeselective

[C]socialskillsmust,becultivated

[D]deceptionisdifficulttodetect

39.Whenyouaremakingcomplexdecisions,itisadvisableto

[A]collectenoughdata

[B]listyourpreferences

[C]seekexpertadvice

[D]followyourfeelings

40.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

[A]Generatingnewproductstakestime

[B]Intuitionmayaffectreflectivetasks

[C]Vocabularycomprehensionneedscreativity

[D]Objectivethinkingmayboostintuitiveness.

第11頁共17頁

參考答案

36.[B]thereliabilityoffirstimpression

37.[A]focusedonspecificdetails

38.[A]reflectioncambedistracting

39.[D]followyourfeelings

40.[B]intuitionmayaffectreflectivetasks

PartB

Directions:

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youare

required

toreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelist

A-Gand

fillingthemintothenumberedboxes.ParagraphsCandFhavebeencorrectlyplaced.

Mark

youranswersonANSWERSHEET.(10points)

A.Staycalm.

B.Stayhumble.

C.Decidewhethertowait.

D.Berealisticabouttherisks.

E.Don'tmakejudgements.

F.Identifyasharedgoal.

G.Askpermissiontodisagree

Howtodisagreewithsomeonemorepowerfulthanyou

Yourbossproposesanewinitiativeyouthinkwon'twork.Yourseniorcolleague

outlinesa

projecttimelineyoubelieveisunrealistic.Whatdoyouseewhenyoudisagreewith

someonewho

hasmorepowerthanyoudo?Howdoyoudecidewhetherit'sworthspeakingup?And

ifyoudo,

whatexactlyshouldyousay?Here,showtodisagreewithsomeonemorepowerfulthan

you.

41.

Youmaydecideit'sbesttoholdoffonvoicingyouropinion.Maybeyouhaven，t

finished

thinkingtheproblemthrough,oryouwanttogetaclearersenseofwhatthegroup

thinks.Ifyou

thinkotherpeoplearegoingtodisagree,too,youmightwanttogatheryourarmy

first.Peoplecan

contributeexperienceorinformationtoyourthinking一allthethingsthatwould

makethe

disagreementstrongerormorevalid.It'salsoagoodideatodelaytheconversation

ifyouareina

meetingorotherpublicspace.Discussingtheissueinprivatewillmakethepowerful

personfeel

第12頁共17頁

lessthreatened.

42.____________________________

Beforeyoushareyourthoughts,thinkaboutwhatthepowerfulpersoncaresabout

一itmay

bethecredibilityoftheirteamorgettingaprojectdoneontime.You'remorelikely

tobeheardif

youcanconnectyourdisagreementtoahigherpurpose.Stateitovertly,

contextualizingyour

statementssothatyou'reseennotasadisagreeablesubordinatebutasacolleague

who'stryingto

advanceacommonobjective.Thediscussionwillthenbecomemorelikeachessgame

thana

boxingmatch.

43._________________________

Thisstepmaysoundoverlydeferential,butit'sasmartwaytogivethepowerful

person

psychologicalsafetyandcontrol.Youcanseesomethinglike,“Iknowweseemto

bemoving

towardafirstquartercommitmenthere.Ihavereasonstothinkthatwon'twork.

I*dliketolayout

myreasoning-Wouldthatbe0K?〃Thisgivesthepersonachoice,allowinghimto

verballyopt

in.And,assuminghesaysyes,itwillmakeyoufeelmoreconfidentaboutvoicing

your

disagreement.

44.____________________________

Youmightfeelyourheartracingoryourfaceturningred,butdowhateveryoucan

toremain

naturalinbothyourwordsandactions.Whenyourbodylanguagecommunicates

reluctanceor

anxiety,itundercutsthemessage.Itsendsamixedmessage,andyourcounterpart

gelstochoose

whatsignalstoread.Deepbreathscanhelp,acanspeakingmoreslowlyand

deliberately.When

wefeelpanicky,wetendtotalklouderandfaster.Simplyslowingthepaceand

talkinginaneven

tonehelpstheotherpersoncooldownanddoesthesameforyou.Italsomakesyou

seem

confident,evenifyouaren，t.

45.____________________________

Emphasizethatyou，reonlyofferingyouropinion,notgospeltruth.Itmaybea

well-informed,

well-researchedopinion,butit'sstillanopinion,sotalktentativelyandslightly

understateyour

第13頁共17頁

confidence.Insteadofsaying,“Ifwesetanendofquarterdeadline,wewillnever

makeit"say,

“Thisisjustmyopinion,butIdon，tseehowwewillmakethatdeadline.z，Having

assertedyour

opinion(asaposition,notasafact),demonstrateequalcuriosityaboutotherviews.

Remindthe

personthatthisisyourpointofview,andtheninvitecritique.Beopentohearing

otheropinions.

參考答案：

41.[C]Decidewhethertowait

42.[F]Identifyasharedgoal

43.[G]Askpermissiontodisagree

44.[A]Staycalm

45.[B]Stayhumble

PartC

46.Directions:

TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese,ffriteyourtranslationon

ANSIWER

SHIEET.(15points)

Wetendtothinkthatfriendsandfamilymembersareourbiggestsourcesof

connection,

laughter,andwarmth.Whilethatmaywellbetrue,researchershavealsorecently

foundthat

interactingwithstrangersactuallybringsaboostinmoodandfeelingsofbelonging

thatwedidn，t

expect.

Inoneseriesofstudies,researchersinstructedChicago-areacommutersusing

public

transportationtostrikeupaconversationwithsomeonenearthem.Onaverage,

participantswho

followedthisinstructionfeltbetterthanthosewhohadbeentoldtostandorsit

insilence.The

researchersalsoarguedthatwhenweshyawayfromcasualinteractionswithstrangers,

itisoften

duetoamisplacedanxietythattheymightnotwanttotalktous.Muchofthetime,

however,this

beliefisfalse.Asitturnsout,manypeopleareactuallyperfectlywillingtotalk

andmayevenbe

flatteredtoreceiveyourattention.

參考譯文：

我們傾向于認(rèn)為朋友和家人是我們關(guān)系、歡樂和溫暖的最大來源。盡管這一說法很大程

度上是對(duì)的，但是研究者們最近也發(fā)現(xiàn)，與陌生人交流實(shí)際上也會(huì)帶來我們意料之外的情緒

高漲和歸屬感。

在一系列的研究中，研究者們通知芝加哥地區(qū)乘用公共交通的通勤者開始一段和周圍人

第14頁共17頁

的交流。一般來講，得到通知的參加者們比要求安靜站著或坐著的人們感覺更好。同時(shí)，研

究者們也認(rèn)為我們羞于和陌生人隨意交流時(shí)，經(jīng)常是因?yàn)橐环N錯(cuò)位的恐慌，即他們可能并不

像和我們聊天。但是，很多時(shí)候，這種觀念是錯(cuò)誤的。正如結(jié)果證實(shí)，很多人實(shí)際上非常愿

意去開始一段談話，甚至可能很開心得到你的注意。

SectionIIIWriting

PartA

47.Directions：

Writeanemailtoallinternationalexpertsoncampusinvitingthemtoattendthe

graduation

ceremony.Inyouremailyoushouldincludetime,placeandotherrelevant

information

abouttheceremony.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsneatlyontheANSEWERSHEET

Donotuseyourownnameattheendoftheemail.Use“LiMing“instead.(10points)

Supposeyouareorganizinganonlinemeeting,writeanemailtoJack,aninternational

studentto

1.invitehimtoparticipate

2.Tellhimaboutthedetails

解析：

英語二小作文考查的是電子郵件，屬于書信類型，要求考生寫一封邀請(qǐng)信。對(duì)于邀請(qǐng)信，

考生應(yīng)該在審題的時(shí)候弄清楚寫信對(duì)象是機(jī)構(gòu)還是個(gè)人，很明顯要求給杰克寫信，因此稱

呼上就可以直接寫DearJack。邀請(qǐng)書信的第一段可以寫兩句話：第一句寫出即將召開一次

會(huì)議這個(gè)背景即可；第二句要求寫出寫信目的，寫信目的是第一段最重要的。

第二段大概寫4句話：第一句寫個(gè)主題句。第二句至第四句寫關(guān)于這次會(huì)議的具體內(nèi)容，

這部分具體內(nèi)容沒有硬性要求，可以自己編寫，比如會(huì)議的主題、會(huì)議的議程和會(huì)議的參加

者等等。

第三段大概寫三句：第一句是再次表明寫信目的，即希望對(duì)方能出席會(huì)議，第二句表

示感謝，第三句寫期待回復(fù)。正文最后寫結(jié)束語和簽名，切記不能寫自己的名字，用李明

來落款。日期可以寫也可以不寫，建議大家不寫日期，如果寫日期的話要寫在正文