自然·人性·悲劇-沈從文湘西小說與哈代威塞克斯小說比較的開題報(bào)告

自然·人性·悲劇——沈從文湘西小說與哈代威塞克斯小說比較的開題報(bào)告摘要本文旨在比較沈從文的湘西小說和哈代威塞克斯的小說在自然、人性和悲劇方面的異同。通過對(duì)兩位作家不同風(fēng)格的選材和寫作技巧的分析，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)沈從文和哈代威塞克斯在對(duì)待自然、人性和悲劇的態(tài)度上存在明顯的差異。從中我們可以得出兩位作家對(duì)這些主題的看法以及他們對(duì)作品的理解方式是如何影響了小說的形式和內(nèi)容。關(guān)鍵詞：自然、人性、悲劇、沈從文、哈代威塞克斯AbstractThispaperaimstocomparethedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweenShenCongwen'sXiangxinovelsandThomasHardy'sWessexnovelsintermsofnature,humannature,andtragedy.Throughtheanalysisofthetwoauthors'differentstylesofselectionandwritingtechniques,wecanfindthatShenCongwenandThomasHardyhaveobviousdifferencesintheirattitudestowardsnature,humannature,andtragedy.Fromthis,wecandrawconclusionsabouttheauthors'perspectivesonthesethemesandhowtheirunderstandingoftheworksinfluencedtheformandcontentofthenovels.Keywords:nature,humannature,tragedy,ShenCongwen,ThomasHardyI.IntroductionNature,humannature,andtragedyarerecurringthemesinliterature.Theyofferauthorsachancetoexplorethecomplexitiesoflife,therelationshipsbetweenhumanbeingsandtheearth,andthestrugglesthatwefaceaswenavigatethroughtheworld.Inthispaper,wewillcomparetheworksoftwoauthors,ShenCongwenandThomasHardy,whohaveapproachedthesethemesinverydifferentways.ShenCongwenisaChinesewriterwhoisknownforhisbeautifullydescriptivenovelssetinruralChina,particularlythosefromtheXiangxiregion.ThomasHardyisanEnglishauthorwhowrotenovelssetinthefictionalcountyofWessex,andwhoseworksarecharacterizedbyadeepsenseoftragedyandafocusonthenaturalworld.Bycomparingthesetwowriters,wehopetogainadeeperunderstandingofhowtheyapproachedthesethemesandwhatimpactithadontheirwriting.II.TheRoleofNatureinTheirNovelsNatureisanimportantthemeinbothShenCongwen'sandThomasHardy'sworks.However,theyapproachitinverydifferentways.ShenCongwen'snovelspaintavividpictureoflifeinruralChina,andthenaturalworldisanessentialcomponentofthatpicture.Hisdepictionsofthemountains,forests,andriversofXiangxiareentwinedwiththelivesofhischaracters,andoftenservetounderscorethetenuousnatureoftheirexistence.Incontrast,natureisoftencharacterizedasindifferentorevenhostileinThomasHardy'snovels.ThelandscapeofWessexisoftendepictedinharshandunforgivingterms,withthecharactersstrugglingtoekeoutalivingfromit.ForHardy,natureisoftenaforcetobereckonedwith,onethatcancrusheventhemostdeterminedofhumanbeings.III.TheirViewsonHumanNatureHumannatureisanotherimportantthemethatbothauthorsexploreintheirworks.ShenCongwen'snovelsoftenfocusonthecomplexitiesofhumanrelationships,particularlythosebetweenmenandwomen.Hischaractersareoftendrivenbyintenseemotions,andtheiractionsaredrivenbytheseemotionsratherthanrationalthought.Incontrast,ThomasHardy'snovelstendtofocusonmorepessimisticviewsofhumannature.Hischaractersareoftenflawed,andtheiractionsarefrequentlydestructivebothtothemselvesandtoothers.ForHardy,humanbeingsareoftentheirownworstenemies,andtheirflawsareasmuchapartoftheirnatureasanythingelse.IV.TheRoleofTragedyinTheirWorkTragedyisperhapsthemostdefiningthemeofThomasHardy'sWessexnovels.Intheseworks,charactersoftenfindthemselvesatoddswiththenaturalworld,andtheirstrugglesoftenendinfailureanddespair.ThecharactersinHardy'snovelsareoftentrappedbytheirownflaws,andareunabletobreakfreefromthecyclesthatbindthem.Incontrast,ShenCongwen'snovelstendtobemoreoptimistic,andwhilehischaracterscertainlyfacetheirshareofstruggles,thereisoftenasensethattheywillbeabletoovercomethem.ThetragediesthatoccurinShenCongwen'snovelsareoftenmorepersonalinnature,andwhiletheyarenolessdevastatingtothecharactersinvolved,theydonothavethesamesenseofinevitablythatcharacterizesHardy'sworks.V.ConclusionInconclusion,itisclearthatShenCongwenandThomasHardyapproachedthethemesofnature,humannature,andtragedyinverydifferentways.Whilebothauthorsofferedinsightfulviewsonthesethemes,theirperspectiveswereshapedbytheirculturalbackgroundsandth