初中英語閱讀理解練習(xí)題及答案

初中英語閱讀理解練習(xí)題及答案一、中考英語閱讀理解匯編1.閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。HowMuchCanWeAffordtoForget?In2018,Sciencemagazineaskedsomeyoungscientistswhatschoolsshouldteachstudents.Mostsaidstudentsshouldspendlesstimememorizingfactsandhavemorespaceforcreativeactivities.AstheInternetgrowsmorepowerful,studentscanaccess（獲得）knowledgeeasily.Whyshouldtheyberequiredtocarrysomuchofitaroundintheirheads?Civilizations（文明）developthroughforgettinglifeskillsthatwereoncenecessary.IntheAgricultural（農(nóng)業(yè)的）Age,afarmercouldaffordtoforgethuntingskills.Whensocietiesindustrialized,theknowledgeoffarmingcouldbesafetoforget.Nowadays,smartmachinesgiveusaccesstomosthumanknowledge.Itseemsthatwenolongerneedtoremembermostthings.Doesitmatter?Researchershaverecognizedseveralproblemsthatmayhappen.Forone,humanbeingshavebiases（偏見）,andsmartmachinesarelikelytoincreaseourbiases.Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective,butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestingandscoringprocess.Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.Anotherproblemrelatestotheeaseofaccessinginformation.Whentherewerenocomputers,effortswererequiredtogetknowledgefromotherpeople,orgotothelibrary.Weknowwhatknowledgeliesinotherbrainsorbooks,andwhatliesinourheads.Buttoday,theInternetgivesustheinformationweneedquickly.Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief—theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.Inanewcivilizationrichinmachineintelligence,wehaveeasyaccesstosmartmemorynetworkswhereinformationisstored.Butdependencyonanetworksuggestspossibilitiesofbeingharmedeasily.Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourwell-being （健康）dependsupon,suchasfoodandenergy,wouldproduceterribleresults.Withoutfoodwegethungry;withoutenergywefeelcold.Anditisthroughwidespreadlossofmemorythatcivilizationsareatriskoffallingintoadarkage.Weforgetoldwaystofreeuptimeandspacefornewskills.Aslongastheolderformsofknowledgearestoredsomewhereinournetworks,andcanbefoundwhenweneedthem,perhapsthey'renotreallyforgotten.Still,astimegoeson,wegraduallybutunquestionablybecomestrangerstofuturepeople.Whyaresmartmachineslikelytoincreaseourbiases?Becausetheygooffcourseintestingandscoring.Becausewecontrolthetrainingprocessonthem.Becauseweofferthemtoomuchinformation.Becausetheyoverusetheprovidedanswers.TheeaseofaccessinginformationfromtheInternet.freesusfrommakingeffortstolearnnewskillspreventscivilizationsfrombeinglostatahighspeedmisleadsusintothinkingwealreadyknewtheknowledgeseparatesthefactswehavefromthoseinthesmartmachinesTheword"collapse"inParagraph5probablymeans"".A.asuddenfailure B.thebasicruleC.adisappointingstart D.thegradualdevelopmentWhatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?Toquestionaboutthestandardsofinformationstorage.Todiscussourproblemsofcommunicationwithmachines.Tostresstheimportanceofimprovingourmemorizingability.Toremindusoftheriskofdependingonmachinestoremember.【答案】(1)BCAD【解析】【分析】大意：作者主要講的是用機器記信息可能會產(chǎn)生的不良影響或后果。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective,butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestingandscoringprocess.Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.機器人的程序是由人類編程的，人類控制它們的訓(xùn)練程序，故選B。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief—theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)知曉信息的便利會誤導(dǎo)我們認為我們找到的信息就是我們一直以來都知道的信息的一部分，故選C。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourwell-being(健康)dependsupon,produceterribleresults.可知，此處指我們健康所依靠的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的任何一個突然崩潰或垮掉了，都會產(chǎn)生很糟糕的后果。collapse意為崩潰，垮掉，故選A。(4)主旨題。通讀全文可知，作者主要講的是用機器記信息可能會產(chǎn)生的不良影響或后果，故D項符合題意，故選D?！军c評】詞義猜測題和主旨題是閱讀理解題中?？碱}型。詞句猜測題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推出詞句的意思；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2.閱讀下列短文，從文后每小題A、B、C選項中選擇最佳答案。Mr.Chenwaspuzzled（閑惑的）andalittlesuspicious（懷疑的）.Hesatintheofficeand

MrjnBbajnWaltHollandKiail.引n中pore1DQ7Wjm.SecIADewMrjnBbajnWaltHollandKiail.引n中pore1DQ7Wjm.SecIADewMrOwn,Iunrerywry64mjf 口>，小?In產(chǎn)mWy.Fiewvluviojihifh所辨皿/釁ind?理iybculccid.h>Oe加9w-kiteduik?pMenlhfflwwlfeeitbdttr皿rcnu狎端工皿rcnu狎端工"Idon'tunderstand,"hesaidtohimself.Heshookhisheadashecircledfourmistakesintheletter."Mrs.Wangisaneducatedwoman.Shewouldn'tmakemistakesliketheseevenifshedidwritetheletterinahurry."Mr.Chentookouthisclassregister（名冊）andsaidtohimself,"YesterdaywasThursday.Letmesee.Ah,yes.Ithoughtso.DavidwasabsentonThursdaylastweekandtheweekbefore.Hm.WhyishesooftenabsentonThursdays?Washereallyillyesterday?Coulditbeacoincidence（巧合）?”Mr.Chenstaredattheregisterasiftheanswerstohisquestionswerehiddeninitsomewhere.Thenhetookoutacopyofthetimetable（課程表）forhisclass."Iwonder."hetoldtohimself."Iwonderifhisabsencehasanythingtodowithoneoftheselessons."Mr.ChenlookedatthesubjectsforThursday:Mathematics,English,PE.HethoughtaboutPE.HeknewthatthepupilshadP.E.twiceaweek:onceonMonday,whentheyusuallyplayedgamesontheschoolfield,andonceonThursday,whentheydidexercisesinthegym.Mr.ChenglancedroundtheofficetofindMr.Long,theratherstrictP.E.teacher,buthewasnotthere."I'dbetterhaveachatwithLongandDavid,"Mr.Chenthought.Thebellrang."Ican'tdoanythingrightnow,"Mr.Chenthought."It'stimetogotoClass2.I'lldoitlateron."Mr.ChenpickeduphisbooksandwalkedofftoteachClass2.Later,onFriday,Mr.ChenspoketoMr.Long,theP.E.teacher.Mr.LongagreedthatitseemedstrangeforDavidtobeabsentsooftenongymdays.Theythoughtaboutitforawhile."Davidisagoodathlete（運動員）,"Mr.Longfinallysaid,"buthe'safraidofheights.Iwashardonhimoncebecausehewouldn'tclimbmorethanacoupleofmetersuptherope.Doyouthinkthat'swhyhe'sbeenabsentrecently?""Yes,Ithinkso,"Mr.Chensaid."I'mgoingtotalktohimthisafternoonbeforehegoeshome.""Well,I'vegotasuggestiontomake,"saidMr.Long."Ifhe'sscaredofheights,he'dbettercomeandseemeafterschool.Quiteafewpeoplesufferfrom (遭受)vertigo.I'llbegladtohelphim."“That'sverykindofyou,"saidMr.Chen."I'llgethimtocomeandseeyouonMondayorTuesday."TheletterwassenttoMr.ChenbecauseDavidonThursday.A.wasflathomeB.didn'tgotoschoolC.wasabsentfromPEclassMr.Chenwaspuzzledbytheletterbecause.David'smothersenthimtheletterhecouldn'tunderstandtheletteritdidn'tseemtobewrittenbyaneducatedadultMr.ChengottheideathatDavid'sabsencehadsomethingtodowithPE.afterhe.A.studiedthetimetableB.studiedtheclassregisterC.talkedwithMr.LongTheunderlinedword"vertigo"means_inthepassage.A.身體疼痛 B.恐高眩暈 C.腸胃痙攣Fromthepassageweknow_.Daviddidn'tlikeP.E.classesDaviddidn'tlikeMr.Long'sbeinghardonhimDavidwasafraidofheights【答案】(1)BCABC【解析】【分析】大意：陳老師對David媽媽寫的請假條感到很疑惑，因為上面有幾處語法錯誤。陳老師經(jīng)過調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，每周四David就會請假，而那是體育課。跟David的體育老師交流之后，陳老師覺得David可能恐高，因此請假不上體育課，陳老師決定和David談?wù)劜椭?1)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)請假條中 Davidwasabsentyesterday.David昨天請假。和第二段YesterdaywasThursday.昨天是周四，可知因為David周四沒有去學(xué)校，所以媽媽給陳老師寫了請假條。故選B。(2)推斷題。根據(jù)第二段Shewouldn'tmakemistakesliketheseevenifshedidwritetheletterinahurry.她不會犯像這樣的錯誤即使她是匆忙寫的信，可知陳老師很疑惑，因為這封信似乎不像是一個受過教育的成人寫的。故選C。(3)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段Thenhetookoutacopyofthetimetable(課程表)forhisclass.然后他拿出了他的班級的課程表復(fù)印件，可知，陳老師在研究完課程表之后發(fā)現(xiàn)David請假和體育課有關(guān)。故選A。(4)詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文Ifhe'sscaredofheights,he'dbettercomeandseemeafterschool.如果他害怕高，他最好放學(xué)后來找我，可知vertigo指的是恐高。故選B。(5)推斷題。通讀全文可知，David每周四都請假，因為每周四都有體育課，說明David恐高。故選C?！军c評】本文涉及細節(jié)題、詞義猜測題和推斷題三種?？碱}型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；詞義猜測題需要聯(lián)系上下文，理解句子大意，推測出單詞的意思；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。3.閱讀理解EnglishisbecomingmoreandmorepopularinChina.Itcanbeusedineveryfield,suchasonsomesignsandrestaurantmenus.Buttherearesomeproblemswhenpeopleuseit.Perhapsyou'veseentheEnglishletters"WC"inyourcity.Theyshowpublictoilets.Butdoyouknowitisfarfromnative(地道的)English?Infact,foreignersfromEnglish-speakingcountriesseldomusetheletters.Workersinourcityarechanging"WC"signsalloverthecity.ThegovernmentisspendingmuchmoneychangingallthebadEnglishonsignsandrestaurantmenus.ManyotherplacesinChinaarefollowingoursteps."WC,orwatercloset,isold-fashionedEnglish.Itsoundsdirtytome."saysNancy,ayoungwomanfromtheUS.Theoldsignwillbecome"Gents/Men"and"Ladies/Women"."IseemuchpoorEnglishineverydaylife,andnotonlyonsigns,"shesays,"Iknowwhattheymean,buttheyareChinglish,notrealEnglish.Forexample,whensomeonesaystome"MyhometownisGuizhouProvince",Iknowheorsheshouldsay"MyhometownisinGuizhouProvince".Hometownisasmallerplaceinaprovince.ThecommonmistakesthatNancypickedupinclude"NotEntry",whichshouldbe"NoEntry","DirectionofAirport"shouldbechangedto"TotheAirport".Anditis"RoomRate",not"RoomPrice".Andrememberto"KeepofftheGrass"ratherthan"CareoftheGreen".Thenexttimeyouwalkonthestreetoreatintherestaurant,youcangoandseeiftheexpressionsareright.(1)Whoseldomuseslettersof"WC"accordingtothepassage?A.Chinesestudents.Foreignersfromothercountries.TeachersinChina.English-speakingforeigners.What'stheattitude(態(tài)度)ofthegovernmenttowardsthebadEnglishonsigns?A.It'snative.B.Itshouldbechanged.C.Itdoesn'tmatter.D.Itcanbeusedonsigns.WhenNancyseesmuchpoorEnglishineverydaylife,.shethinksitshouldbecorrectedshethinksitisdirtyshethinksitispropershelikestouseitWhichofthefollowingsignsisRight?NotEntryB.RoomPriceC.TotheAirportD.CareoftheGreen(5)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Chinglishonmenus.MoneyspentonChinglish.UsagesofnativeEnglish.Lettersof"WC".【答案】(1)D)B)A(4)CC【解析】【分析】主要講了目前我國出現(xiàn)很多標志以及日常用的英語不地道，相關(guān)部門進行整改，以及采訪了幾個來自說英語國家對我國用漢語式英文的感受。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文Infact，foreignersfromEnglish-speakingcountriesseldomusetheletters事實上，來自說英語國家的外國人很少用這個詞，故選D。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文ThegovernmentisspendingmuchmoneychangingallthebadEnglishonsignsandrestaurantmenus政府花很多錢來改變所有不良的英文標志和餐館的菜單，可知政府是認為要改變的，故選B。(3)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文ThecommonmistakesthatNancypickedupinclude"NotEntry",whichshouldbe"NoEntry","DirectionofAirport"shouldbechangedto"TotheAirport".Anditis"RoomRate",not"RoomPrice".Andrememberto"KeepofftheGrass"ratherthan"CareoftheGreen".Nancy發(fā)現(xiàn)的包括NotEntry,應(yīng)該是NoEntry,飛機場的方向應(yīng)該改為TotheAirport,RoomRate而不是RoomPrice,而且記住勿踐踏草地是用KeepofftheGrass而不是CareoftheGreen,可知她認為應(yīng)該要把這些不標準的英文該改過來，故選A。(4)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文"DirectionofAirport"shouldbechangedto"TotheAirport".飛機場的方向應(yīng)該改為otheAirport,所以TotheAirport的表達是正確的，故選C。(5)主旨題。根據(jù)原文主要介紹了目前我國出現(xiàn)很多標志以及日常用的英語不地道，相關(guān)部門進行整改，以及采訪了幾個來自說英語國家對我國用漢語式英文的感受，可知主要在講述地道英語的運用，故選C?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題和主旨題?？碱}型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。4.閱讀理解Manyenvironmentalgroupsarewarningthatoceansoftheworldareingreatdanger.Inthepast50years,thenumberofwaterwithzerooxygen（氧氣）intheopenoceanhasincreasedmorethanfourtimes.Inthenearcoastwaterbodies,includingtherivermouthandseas,low-oxygenareashaveincreasedmorethan10timessince1950.ScientistsdiscoverthatoxygencontinuesdroppingeveroutsidethesezonesastheEarthwarms.Tostopthedrop,theworldneedstocontrolinbothclimatechangeandnutrient（養(yǎng)分）pollution.Oxygenisamusttolifeintheoceans.ThedropinoceanoxygenisamongthemostseriouseffectsofhumanactivitiesontheEarth'senvironment.Thisisthefirsttimeforthescientiststotakesuchadeeplookatthecauses,resultsandsolutionstolowoxygenworldwide,inboththeopenoceanandthenearcoastwaters.AbouthalfoftheoxygenonEarthcomesfromtheocean.However,mixedeffectsofnutrientloadingandclimatechangearegreatlyincreasingthenumberandsizeof"deadzones"intheopenoceanandthenearcoastwaters,whereoxygenistoolowtosupportmostsealife.Intheareastraditionallycalled"deadzones",likethoseinChesapeakeBayandtheGulfofMexico,oxygendropstolevelssolowthatmanyanimalshavetroubleinbreathinganddie.Asfishesrunawayfromthesezones,theirlivingareasbecomesmallerandsmaller.Buttheproblemgoesfarbeyond"deadzones".Evensmalleroxygendropscanholdupthegrowthinanimalsandleadtodiseaseorevendeath.Lowoxygenalsocancausethereleaseofdangerouschemicals.Althoughafewanimalscangrowwellindeadzones,overallbiodiversity（多樣性）falls.Howtostopthedropofoceanoxygeninthearticle?Bycontrollinginbothclimatechangeandnutrientpollutionaroundtheworld.Bytakingadeeplookatthecauses,resultsandsolutionstolowoxygenworldwide.Byrunningawayfromthesezones,forthelivingareasbecomesmallerandsmaller.Bycuttingdownthenumberofanimalsintheoceans.Whyarethesewaterscalled"deadzones"fromthearticle?Becausetheoxygenintheseareasistoolowformostsealifetolive.Becausenutrientloadingandclimatechangearegreatlyincreasing.Becausetherearenoanimalslivingintheseareas.Becauselowoxygenalsocancausethereleaseofdangerouschemicals.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?Onlyafewanimalslivingintheseaneedoxygen.Climatechangecanhelpcutdownthedeadzones.Fishesgrowfasterandbetterinlowoxygenareas.Humanactivitieshavemanyseriouseffectsonoceanenvironment.【答案】（1）AAD【解析】【分析】本文是介紹了世界海洋正處于極大的危險之中。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Tostopthedrop,theworldneedstocontrolinbothclimatechangeandnutrient(養(yǎng)分)pollution可知，通過控制全球氣候變化和營養(yǎng)污染阻止海洋氧氣的下降，故選A。(2)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)likethoseinChesapeakeBayandtheGulfofMexico,oxygendropstolevelssolowthatmanyanimalshavetroubleinbreathinganddie，可知稱這些水域為“死區(qū)”是因為這些地區(qū)的氧氣太低，大多數(shù)海洋生物無法生存，故選A。(3)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)ThedropinoceanoxygenisamongthemostseriouseffectsofhumanactivitiesontheEarth'senvironment.可知，人類活動對海洋環(huán)境有許多嚴重影響正確，故選D?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案。5.閱讀理解ThankstothehybridricethatwasdiscoveredbyYuanLongping,thehungerproblemofthousandsofChinesepeoplewasmostlyfixedinthe1980s.OnSept8th,Yuan,togetherwithtwootherscientists,wonChina's2018FutureSciencePrize,forhiscontinuousresearchonrice.Evenonhis88thbirthdayonSept7th,hetookpartintheInternationalDevelopmentForumofRiceProductioninHunanprovince.Althoughhewasrecoveringfromanillnessatthetime,hewashappytotalktoreportersabouthislatestworkonseawaterrice.Yuanhasbeenresearchingonricesincehewasatcollege.In1964,hediscoveredanaturalhybridriceplantinHainan.Sincethen,hehasfocusedondevelopinghigh-yield,hybridricevarieties（多樣性）.In1973.hebecamethefirsttosuccessfullycultivate（培育）atypeofhybridricespeciesintheworld.WiththehardworkofYuan'sgroupforabouttenyears,theproductionofthericewasincreased.（From150kgpermu（畝）to500kgpermuandmore.）ThesevarietiesnowtakeupabouttwothirdsofChina'sricecrop,accordingtoChinaNews.So,it'snowonderthathe'sknownasthe"FatherofHybridRice".AndbecauseofChina'sBeltandRoad（一帶一路）initiative.Yuan'shybridriceishelpingtosolvefoodproblemsaroundtheworld.Indeed,accordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency,hybridriceplantsinKenyaproducefourtofivetimesmorericethanthecountry'susualniceplants.Witharisingfameallovertheworld,YuangaveaspeechinEnglishatthe9thShandongHigh-LevelTalentsForuminQingdaolastyear.Hisspeechmadehimaninternetsensation.Beginningwith"IspeakbrokenEnglish",his20-minutespeechturnedouttobeahugesuccess,withbarelyanypausesormistakes.ThehumbleYuanwassimplybeingmodestduringhisspeech.Accordingtoanarticlein1999byCNN,thescientistspeaksbothEnglishandRussianfluently."IneverneedaninterpreterwhenIgooverseas,"hetoldtheUSnewsnetwork.Butinspiteofhisgreatknowledge,Yuanunderstandsthateventhewisestpeopleshouldstillbeopentolearnnewthings."Thefarmersofourcountrypossessrichexperienceinplantingrice,"hetoldXinhua."Weshouldlearnfromthem."WherewastheInternationalDevelopmentForumofRiceProductionheld?A.Hainan. B.Hunan. C.Shandong. D.Kenya.WhichisthemainreasonthatYuanLongpingisknownasthe"FatherofHybridRice"?Hehasfocusedondevelopinghigh-yield,hybridricevarieties.Hewasthefirsttosuccessfullycultivateatypeofhybridricespeciesintheworld.BecauseofYuan'sgroup,theproductionofthericewasincreased.HybridriceplantsinKenyaproducefourtofivetimesmorericethanthecountry'susualniceplants.YuanLongpingcanspeakthefollowinglanguagesEXCEPT ?A.Chinese. B.English. C.Russian. D.French.Thepassageismainlyabout .YuanLongpingwonChina's2018FutureSciencePrize.YuanLongping'shybridriceishelpingtosolvefoodproblemsaroundtheworld.YuanLongpinggotfamearoundtheworld.Thecharacterandcontribution(貢獻)ofYuanLongping.【答案】(1)BCDD【解析】【分析】本文介紹了袁隆平和他對農(nóng)業(yè)的貢獻。(1)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)hetookpartintheInternationalDevelopmentForumofRiceProductioninHunanprovince可知，水稻生產(chǎn)國際發(fā)展論壇在湖南舉行，故選B。(2)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)ThesevarietiesnowtakeupabouttwothirdsofChina'sricecrop,accordingtoChinaNews.So,it'snowonderthathe'sknownasthe"FatherofHybridRice".據(jù)《中國新聞》報道，這些品種現(xiàn)在占中國水稻產(chǎn)量的三分之二。所以，難怪他被稱為“雜交水稻之父〃可知，袁隆平被稱為“雜交水稻之父〃的主要原因是因為水稻產(chǎn)量增加了，故選C。(3)細節(jié)題。袁隆平是中國人會漢語，根據(jù)thescientistspeaksbothEnglishandRussianfluently這位科學(xué)家英語和俄語都說得很流利可知，袁隆平不會講法語，故選D。(4)主旨題。根據(jù)本文介紹了袁隆平和他對農(nóng)業(yè)的貢獻可知，文章主要介紹性格和貢獻的袁隆平，故選D?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題和主旨題，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。.閱讀理解Doyouhavemanypasswordsforyourcreditcards(信用卡)ordifferentwebsites?Doyoutrytorememberthemall?Asweareadvisedtohavethepasswordsmemorizedbyheartforsafetyreasons,notwrittendown,lotsofpeoplefindithardtokeeptheminmind.However,thisproblemhasbeensolvedbyamicrochip(芯片)company.Thescientiststheredesignedaverysmallmicrochipwithanelectroniccircuit(線路).Itcanidentify(識別)you.Byputtingthemicrochipundertheskinofyourhand,youcanhaveaccessto(有權(quán)進人)thingswithnoneedforpasswordsorcards.Inthiscase,itmeansthatyoudon'thavetorememberanypasswords.OfficeworkersinStockholm,Swedenwereofferedthechancetohavethemicrochipputundertheirskiniftheywish.Itallowedthemtogetinandoutoftheirworkplacesandloginto(登錄)theircomputerswithoutkeys,Besides,theycouldalsousethenewtechnologytopayforthefoodinthecafe.Butsomeoftheworkersthoughtitwasariskyideatohaveamicrochipputundertheirskin.Theyconsideredthatthemicrochipmightcausehealthproblemsoneday.Anyway,thisnewtechnologyisfun.Withtherapiddevelopmentoftechnology,weseemtobeonourwaytobeingparthuman,partmachine,don'twe?Whatdoestheunderlinedword"passwords"meaninChinese?A.數(shù)字 B.圖案 C.密碼 D.賬戶(2)Themicrochipisabout.acardwidelyusedincomputerssomethingthatcanhelpidentifypeopleapasswordforthecreditcardsorwebsitesacardwithwhichyoucangointoyourworkplace(3)Ifthemicrochipisputundertheskinofyourhand,youcan.A.payforyourfoodwithoutcreditcardsB.playyourcomputeraslongasyoulikeC.gowhereveryouwantwithoutmoneyD.haveaccesstothingswithoutpasswordsorcards(4)Someoftheworkersthoughtthemicrochipwasariskyideabecause .A.itmightmakepeoplebecomelazy B.itmightbebadforhealthC.itwouldchangehumansintomachinesD.itmightmakepeoplefeelcomfortable(5)What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Theintroductionofamicrochip B.AmicrochipcompanyC.Howtomakethemicrochip D.Amicrochipwidelyused【答案】(1)C(2)B(3)D(4)B(5)A【解析】【分析】本文介紹了一家微芯片公司設(shè)計了一個帶有電子電路的微型芯片，解決了記憶秘密的問題。（1）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)creditcards（信用卡）ordifferentwebsites?Doyoutrytorememberthemall信用卡還是不同的網(wǎng)站？你試著記住他們所有人嗎可知passwords是密碼的意思，故選C。（2）推理題。根據(jù)Itcanidentify（識別）you可知芯片是關(guān)于有助于識別人的東西故選B。（3）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Byputtingthemicrochipundertheskinofyourhand,youcanhaveaccessto（有權(quán)進人）thingswithnoneedforpasswordsorcards可知如果微芯片放在你的皮膚下，你可以不用密碼或卡片就能接觸到東西，故選D。（4）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Butsomeoftheworkersthoughtitwasariskyideatohaveamicrochipputundertheirskin.Theyconsideredthatthemicrochipmightcausehealthproblemsoneday可知，一些工人認為微芯片是一個危險的想法因為這可能對健康有害，故選B。（5）主旨題。根據(jù)本文介紹了一家微芯片公司設(shè)計了一個帶有電子電路的微型芯片，解決了記憶秘密的問題可知Theintroductionofamicrochip適合做標題，故選A?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題，詞義猜測題和主旨題四種?？碱}型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，詞義猜測題需要根據(jù)上下文提煉相關(guān)信息鎖定詞意，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。.閱讀理解Vaccinesshouldkeeppeoplehealthyandawayfromthefearofdiseases.However,someproblematicvaccinesfoundinChinahavecausedbigworriesandangeramongpeoplerecently.Since2011,12typesofvaccines,suchasvaccinesforrabiesandtheflu,havebeensoldillegallyin24provincial-levelareas.Togethertheyareworthmorethan570millionyuanandweresoldbyamotheranddaughtercrime（犯罪）team.Themother,surnamedPang,onceworkedatahospitalinShandong.Afterleavingthehospital,Pangbegantosellvaccineswithoutalicence.Qualifiedcompaniesmadethevaccines,butPangdidnotkeepthematalowtemperature.Asaresult,thevaccinescouldlosetheireffect.Pangandsomeothercriminalshavealreadybeenarrested.Localgovernmentsarestilltracing（追蹤）theproblematicvaccinesindifferentareas.Althoughthegovernmentsareworkingonthecase,ithascausedworriesinthepublic.Someparentsworrythattheproblematicvaccinescouldbetoxic（有毒的）andrefusetotaketheirchildrentogetvaccinatedinhospitals.ButaccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,thereislittleriskofthesevaccines,andtheyareseldomtoxic.TheWHOstillencouragesparentstoprotecttheirchildren'shealththroughvaccination.HowmanytypesofproblematicvaccineshavebeenfoundinChina?A.12. B.24. C.570. D.Notmentioned.InParagraph3,thephrase"losetheireffect"meansA.有毒 B.有害 C.失效 D.丟棄Whydidthevaccineslosetheeffect?Becausetheyweremadebyunqualifiedcompanies.Becausetheywerenotkeptatalowtemperature.Becausetheyweresoldbypeoplewithoutalicence.Becausetheywerenotsoldinthehospitals.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.KeepinghealthythroughvaccinationB.ThepoliceandcriminalsC.Bigworriesandanger D.Theproblematicvaccines【答案】(1)ACBD【解析】【分析】文章大意：近年來中國的問題疫苗引起人們的擔(dān)心，2011年山東疫苗案發(fā)生后，人們拒絕帶孩子去醫(yī)院注射疫苗，政府追回這些失效疫苗，并且世界健康組織證明了這些疫苗對孩子沒有危險，也沒有毒。(1)細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第二段Since2011,12typesofvaccines,suchasvaccinesforrabiesandtheflu,havebeensoldillegallyin24provincial-levelareas故選A。(2)細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第三段Qualifiedcompaniesmadethevaccines,butPangdidnotkeepthematalowtemperature，可知losetheireffect意思是失去它們的影響，就是失效了，故選C。(3)細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第三段Qualifiedcompaniesmadethevaccines,butPangdidnotkeepthematalowtemperature，故選B。(4)主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段thereislittleriskofthesevaccines,andtheyareseldomtoxic.，通過世界健康組織可知，這些疫苗沒什么危險，而且沒有毒。故選D?！军c評】考察閱讀理解題，這是一篇敘述文，講述了山東疫苗案前后的事情，在理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上，聯(lián)系上下文語境，就能選出正確答案。8.閱讀理解Wonderwhatitisliketobeachef(廚師)？Thisweekendyouwillhaveyourchancetofindout.Twolocalchefs,MonicaSallierandAndrewGleason,willholdan"openkitchen"attheirrestaurantsthisSaturday.Monica'srestaurant,TheBlueHen,issmallbutcomfortable.Woodentablesandchairscoverthediningarea,andsweetmusicisalwayson."IliketolaughandalwaystelljokeswhileIcook,"Monicasaid."Cookingbringspeopletogether.Thecookswhoworkwithmehavebecomemybestfriends."AtMonica's"openkitchen",sheplanstoteachherguestshowtopreparecountry-stylefriedchicken.Forit,shewilluseherfamily'ssecretspice(香料).Shelearnedhowtomakeitfromherfather.Monicaseldomusesameasuringcup(量杯)whencooking.Bydoingso,shehopestoofferherguestsaspecialdiningexperience."Ifyoucometomyrestaurant,you'llnevergetthesamedishtwice,"shesaid.AlsoopeninghiskitchenthisSaturdayinShreveportisAndrewGleason.HeistheheadchefatQuarterBistro."Iamnotthemosttalkativechefinthebusiness,"Andrewsaid."MostlybecauseIprefertogivemyfullattentiontothefood.Everyingredient(食材)mustbecarefullymeasured."Andrew'sfoodalsomakesthediningexperiencespecial.Hemakeseverydishlooklikeapieceofart.Athis"openkitchen",Andrewplanstoteachhisvisitorshowtoprepareblackenedcatfish,adishofhisthathaswonmuchpraisethroughoutthecity.WhileMonicaiscooking,she.A.isneverquiet B.seldomusesspiceC.sometimessitsonawoodenchair D.alwayslistenstoherfavoritesongsAtAndrew's"openkitchen",hewill.A.inviteMonicatotryhisdish B.workwithanotherheadchefC.telllotsofjokeswhilecooking D.cookonemuch-praiseddishWhatdoMonicaandAndrewhaveincommon?Theyworkinthesamerestaurant.Theybothlikeusingmeasuringcups.Theygraduatedfromthesamecookingschool.Theybothletguestshaveaspecialdiningexperience.Thepassageisprobablyfrom.A.acitynewspaperB.arestaurantnoticeC.acookbookD.achef'sdiary【答案】(1)ADDA【解析】【分析】本文講述本周六，兩位當(dāng)?shù)貜N師莫妮卡?薩利爾和安德魯?格里森將在他們的餐廳舉行開放式廚房活動。(1)推理題。根據(jù)IliketolaughandalwaystelljokeswhileIcook我喜歡笑，做飯時總是講笑話可知莫妮卡做飯時，她從不安靜，故選A。(2)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Andrewplanstoteachhisvisitorshowtoprepareblackenedcatfish,adishofhisthathaswonmuchpraisethroughoutthecity安德魯計劃教他的游客如何準備熏制鯰魚，這是他的一道菜，在全城廣受好評可知在安德魯?shù)摹伴_放式廚房〃，他會做一道備受稱贊的菜，故選D。(3)推理題。根據(jù)shehopestoofferherguestsaspecialdiningexperience她希望為客人提供一種特殊的用餐體驗和Andrew'sfoodalsomakesthediningexperiencespecial安德魯?shù)氖澄镆沧層貌腕w驗與眾不同可知，莫妮卡和安德魯?shù)墓餐c是他們都讓客人有一個特殊的用餐體驗，故選D。(4)推理題。根據(jù)本文講述本周六，兩位當(dāng)?shù)貜N師莫妮卡?薩利爾和安德魯?格里森將在他

們的餐廳舉行開放式廚房活動，可知這是新聞報道，故本文來自城市報紙，故選A?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。9.閱讀理解Afterlearningaboutthesefamouswomen,youwillknowyoucandoalotforsociety,andmakeadifferencetotheworldinyourlifetime.AmeliaEarhart(1897-1937)AmeliaEarhartwasthefirstwomanwhoeverflewaloneacrosstheAtlanticin1932.Shebecamethefirstwomanpilotin1935afterflyingfromHawaiitoCalifornia.Shebeganherlifelongdreamofflyingacrosstheworldin1937.However,herflightwentmissingonthattripandshewasneverseenagain.HelenaRubinstein(1870-1965)