中考英語沖刺復習：任務型閱讀技巧知識講解、鞏固練習

中考英語沖刺復習：任務型閱讀技巧

【用法講解】

考試要求：

許多省市中考英語試卷出現了一種綜合閱讀理解題型——任務型閱讀。任務型閱

讀是一種主觀性試題，也有人稱為“讀后做”，要求考生閱讀短文后在理解的基礎上，

通過一定的判斷、推理、歸納總結，去完成各種任務或者解決某種問題，這種題型介

于閱讀和寫作之間，充分考查學生運用英語完成任務的能力?？忌枰斫舛涛牟⑶?/p>

具備從短文材料中收集有關的各種信息，然后加工整理輸出信息的能力。

1.任務型閱讀的題型：

任務型閱讀主要考查學生收集信息、整理信息的能力，是對語言綜合應用能力的

考查，考查的題型多樣、命題靈活，可以是翻譯句子，也可以是改寫句子、還原句子。

還可以是填寫表格或回答問題。命題人對試題的難度也易于掌握，可以是單詞拼寫這

樣較簡單的題，也可以是同義詞轉換等中檔題，還可以有歸納主題大意、改寫句子等

高檔題。近年來各省中考試題中任務型閱讀主要題型如下：

1）閱讀選擇配對

根據閱讀材料中所提供的語言信息找出與題意要求相匹配的選項。這種選擇題和

四選一的題目不同，選項可能是句子或圖片，形式可能是段落大意的歸納與段落的連

線，但是可能不是一對一連線，一般都給出多余選項。

【注意】

要認真閱讀題干要求，如果是上下句搭配，要看清楚題目的前半個句子的內容要

點，注意句子與短文的聯系，切不可只看句子的部分內容而造成理解上的偏差，造成

配對失誤。要根據短文的內容和作者的意圖去搭配、注意配對后的句子內容完整、與

短文的內容保持一致。短文的段落主題和段落配對，要抓住短文段落的要點，要全面

理解段落內容之間的關系，不能以偏概全。

請看下面例題：

tak

Youmayfeelcomfortablewithsomepeople.Youspendanhourwiththemandfeelas

ifyouhaveknownthemhalfalife.Thesepeoplehavesomethingincommon.Andoncewe

knowwhatitis,wecantrytodoitourselves.

Howisitdone?1Ifyoufollowtheskills,you'llmakefriendswithpeople

quickly.

Firstofall,goodtalkersarequestions.2Onewell-knowbusinesswoman

says,“Atbusinesslunches,Ialwaysaskpeoplewhattheydidthatmorning.It9sacommon

question,butitwillgetthingsgoing."Fromthereyoucanmoveontosomeotherquestions.

Andhowheanswerswillletyouknowhowfaryoucango.

3Thispointseemsclear,butitisn't.Yourquestionshouldhaveapointand

helptotellwhatsortofpersonyouaretalkingto.Andtofindout,youreallyhavetolisten

carefullyandattentively.

Reallisteningatleastmeanssomethings.4Ifsomeonestickstoonetopic,

itmeanshe'sreallyinterestedinit.Reallisteningalsomeansnotjustlisteningtowords,but

totones（聲調）ofvoice.Ifthevoicesoundsboring,then,it'stimeforyoutochangethe

subject.

Finally,goodtalkersknowwellwhentosaygood-bye.Remembertogivehima

handshakeandsay,"I'vereallyenjoyedmeetingyou.^^5Letpeopleknowwhat

youfeel,andtheymaywalkawayfeelingasifthey'veknownyouhalftheirlife.

根據材料內容，從下面五個選項中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項，使短文意

思通順，內容完整，并將其標號填寫在下面題號后的橫線上。

A.Almostanyonewillansweraquestion.

B.Hereareseveralskillsthatgoodtalkershave.

C.Ifyouwanttoseethatpersonagain,don'tkeepitasecret.

D.First,itmeansnottochangethesubjectoftheconversation.

E.Second,oncegoodtalkershaveaskedquestions,theylistentotheanswers.

.5.

【答案與解析】

l.Bo根據下文所提供的可以遵循的幾條技巧可知，此處應表示“好的談話者擁有

的技巧”，故選B。

2.Ao根據第三段中的“Firstofall,goodtalkersaskquestions.”可知,此處表示“幾乎

每個人都將回答問題“，故選A。

3.E。根據上文“Firstofall”可知，此處列舉了第二規(guī)則，故選E。

4.Do根據下文中的"Reallisteningalsomeansnotjustlisteningtowords,“可知，止匕

處表示“首先，它意味著……”，故選D。

5.Co根據下文“Letpeopleknowwhatyoufeel”可知，此處表示“不要保守秘密”，

故選C。

2）閱讀短文填空：

根據短文提供的語言信息，以填寫詞語的方式完成文后各題，其形式主要有完成

句子、補全信息、所給短文的縮寫或制定各種規(guī)則等任務形式。所填的詞或詞組往往

具有很高的概括性和準確性，因此，考生必須認真閱讀材料，盡可能地從短文中找到所

要填寫的詞語或者用其同義詞、近義詞或短語填空、有時甚至反義詞或短語可能用于

與短文中對應句子意思相反的語句中。

【注意】

閱讀填空一般是原短文的改寫，所以必須注意原短文的內容、情景和一些關鍵詞，

對照原短文的句子和一些詞匯、短語，然后用同義詞匯、短語來替換。短文填空要遵

循原短文的內容和要點，不能脫離原作者的意思亂填空。有一些空在遵循原短文的前

提下，又需要適當發(fā)揮，答案可能不是唯一的。

請看下面例題：

閱讀下面短文，然后根據短文內容每空填寫一個單詞。

KatieSpotzisa22-year-oldgirlformAmerica.ShewantstocrosstheAtlanticOcean

byboat.Ifshesucceeds,she'llbetheyoungestandthefirstAmericantofinishthe

2500-miletrip.

Spotzbegansailingwhenshewasatuniversity,butshehasnevertriedtosailsucha

longwaybefore.Itwillbeagreatchallengeforher.Inrecentyears,shehasswumallthe

waydownthe325-mileAlleghenyRiverandtraveledbybikefromSeattletoWashington.

Spotzknowsthatshemayseesomedangerousthingsduringthetrip.Itwillbevery

dangerousifshemeetsverybadweatherinthemiddleofthesea.Butshebelievesthatshe

candealwithallthedifficulties.

“IneverthoughtIcouldrun26miles,“shesaid."ButonceIfinishedit,Irealizedthat

maybeIcoulddosomethingevenmoredifficult.”

Spotzwantstocollectmoneybygoingonthistrip.Shewantstocollectmoneyforan

organizationcalled“BluePlanetrun”.Theorganizationoffersfree,safedrinkingwaterto

peoplewhoneedit.

It'Htakeheraboutthreemonthstofinishthistrip.Goodlucktothisbravegirlandbest

wishestoher!

TheageofSpotz(1)_y_e_a_rs__old

Thedistanceofthetrip⑵_m__il_e_s

Adangerousthingduringthetripisthe(3)—__weather

Thepurposeofthetriptocollect(4)____foranorganization

ThetripwilltakeAbout(5)______months.

【答案與解析】

(1)22(2)2500(3)bad(4)money(5)3/three

(1)根據短文第一句"KatieSpotzisa22-year-oldgirlformAmerica.”可知。

(2)根據短文第三句"she'llbetheyoungestandthefirstAmericantofinishthe

2500-miletrip.“可知。

(3)根據第三段第二句"Itwillbeverydangerousifshemeetsverybadweatherin

themiddleofthesea”可知。

(4)根據第五段的第二句Shewantstocollectmoneyforanorganizationcalled

“BluePlanetrun”.可知。

(5)根據最后一段第一句"It'Htakeheraboutthreemonthstofinishthistrip.''可知。

3)閱讀短文改寫句子

這種題型要求在閱讀材料的基礎上，根據命題要求,改寫文中劃線的句子，或將文中

的某一個句子譯成英語或者漢語等。這一形式涉及到寫，就應當特別注意書寫規(guī)范、

拼寫無誤、語法正確等。

【注意】

要認真分析短文中劃線句子的語法結構，注意句子的時態(tài)、語態(tài)，是簡單句還是

復合句，然后根據要求進行句型改寫。要注意一些同義詞短語的替換，為改寫同義句

打好基礎。句子的意思、時態(tài)不能改變，改變的是句子的不同表達方式。對于一些翻

譯要注意英語和漢語的不同表達，切不可按照漢語的思維方式來翻譯。

請看下面例題：

WhenIwasachild,myparentsalwaystoldmethatIshouldnevertalktostrangers.

ThiswaspartofawholelistofthingsIshouldneverdo:neveracceptfoodorcandyfrom

strangers,nevergetinacarwithstrangers,andsoon.

Butifwedidn'tstartaconversationwithstrangers,we'dnevermakenewfriends.

We，dnevergetajob.①Wemaymissthejoythatcomesf?omtalkingwithstrangers.And

themorepeopleyouknow,themorechancesyoucanfind.

Thefollowingpassageoffersyousomeadviceonhowto?breaktheice.

Don'tjuststareatyourshoes.Goandsay"Hi"tothatnewguy.Itwillbeeasierto

breaktheiceifyouknowmoreaboutdifferentcultures.

British:Beautifulday,isn'tit?

TheweatherinBritainischangeable.So,ifsoneofthetopicstheBritishcaremost

about.Andthere'sasimplerule:Say"Yes"whetheryouagreewiththeperson'sideaonthe

weatherornot.③That'sbecausetheBritishstartaconversationusingtheweathersothat

theycancontinuetheirtalk.

French:Wheredidyougoonholiday?

TotalkwithaFrenchperson,thesafestwayistoaskabouthisorherlastholiday.

Frenchstudentsenjoya10-to-15-dayholidayeverytwomonths.Frenchemployees（雇

員）getmorethansixweeksofholidaysperyear.

American:So,whereareyoufrom?

TheUSissobigandpeoplemovesooftenthatlocationisalwaysasource（來源）of

talk.Youcantrytofindaconnectionwiththeplacethey'refrom.Forexample,if

someone'sfromLosAngeles,youcouldsay,"Oh,Ihaveafriendwhostudiedthere.^^

（1）將文中①處劃線句子翻譯成漢語。

(2)將文中②處劃線短語翻譯成漢語。

(3)將文中③處劃線句子改寫成同義句。

That'sbecausetheBritishstartaconversationusingtheweathertheir

talk.

(4)WhatdoyouusuallytalkabouttostartaconversationwithaFrenchperson?

(5)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

【答案與解析】

(1)我們可能會錯過與陌生人交流的快樂。

miss在此處的意思是“錯誤,'；that引導定語從句修飾joy；comefrom的意思是“來

自于“；talkwithsb.表示“同某人談話表

(2)打破沉默/打破僵局/開始說話。

breaktheice是習慣用法，表示“打破沉默，打破僵局

(3)tocontinue/forcontinuing

usesth.todosth.=usesth.fordoingsth.用...來做....

(4)1/Wecan/usuallytalkabouthis/her(last)holiday./Aholiday./Holidays.

根據"TotalkwithaFrenchperson,thesafestwayistoaskabouthisorherlast

holiday”可知答案。

(5)Howtostart/beginaconversationwithastranger/Howtobreaktheice(with

strangers).

文中“Thefollowingpassageoffersyousomeadviceonhowtobreaktheice.”是中心

句，起到承上啟下的作用，據此可以作答。

因為任務型閱讀命題的靈活性，除了上述題型外，各地中考題中還有根據釋義寫

出文中出現的單詞，或要求學生閱讀一段文字，并根據文中所提供的信息畫出示意圖，

如：路徑、空間位置的設計圖、物體形狀圖等題型，其目的都是考查學生運用語言去

做事的能力。但是，無論題型如何變換，只要我們有扎實的英語知識、靈活的解題方

法、尤其是認真地解題態(tài)度，都會迎刃而解的。

2.任務型閱讀的解題技巧：

1）明確任務。

由于題目要求形式多樣，在同一篇閱讀材料中會要求完成不同的任務，因此解題

前要先明確任務，看清要求，做到心中有數。

2）對應，緊扣原文。

即在原文中找出問題的題干所包括的信息部分，這樣就可以快速準確地抓住有效

信息，確保答題的準確性。如果是根據英文釋義寫單詞的題，則一定要確保所填的單

詞來源于原文，切不可脫離原文，隨意發(fā)揮。

3）注意讀寫結合。

任務型閱讀不僅考查學生閱讀理解層面的能力，更加注重考查學生"寫''的能力。

若是寫單詞，則要注意拼寫正確，詞形、詞性有無變化，是否需要大寫；若所要完成

的是短語或句子成分，則更需謹慎對待，依據所給題干分析要完成的是什么句子成分,

需用什么樣的表達方式，不可簡單草率地將文中信息直接挪用。

4）認真檢查。

完成任務后要重新審視材料，檢查所做的答案是否復合要求，同時語言要精練準

確。

【例題精講】

I.閱讀下面兩篇短文，根據所給語境，按要求完成下列各題。

Youcanbuychewingguminnearlyeverycountryoftheworld.①Butitwasn't

alwayslikethat.

TheAmericanIndianswerethefirstpeopletochewgum.Thisgumcamefroma

specialtreethatgrewontheirland.In1848,asailorcalledJohnCurtisbegansellingit.He

wasthefirstpersontosellchewinggum.Thegumhesoldcostjustafewcentsfortwo

pieces.Itbecamepopularveryquicklyeventhoughitwasveryhardtochew.②Nowadays,

otherthingsareaddedtothegumtomakeitsoftandsweet.

By1890,therewerehundredsofdifferentchewinggums.Themostfamousnamein

chewinggum,however,isprobablyWilliamWrigley.Hespentalotofmoneyin

advertisingandevensentfreepiecesofgumtochildrenontheirbirthdays.③Healsosaid

thatchewinggumhelpedpeopleworkbetterandthatitstoppedpeoplefromfeelingtired.

Althoughtodaymanymillionsofpeoplechewgum,noteveryonethinksitisagood

thingtodo.Manypeoplethinkitisdirty.TheSingaporegovernmentdoesnotallowpeople

tobuychewinggum.Onereasonforthisisthatwhensomepeoplehavechewedallthe

tasteoutoftheirpieceofgum,theytakeitoutoftheirmouthsandputitontothebacksof

seatsorotherplaces.

1.請將①處翻譯成漢語。

2.請根據②處內容完成下面句子。（每空一詞）

Peoplemakechewinggumsoftandsweetsomethingtoit.

3.把③處改為直接引語。（每空一詞）

Healsosaid,"Chewinggumpeopleworkbetteranditpeoplefrom

feelingtired.”

IL閱讀下面短文，在表格內的空白處填入合適的答案（每空一詞）。

Mailorderisatermwhichdescribesthebuyingofgoodsorservicesbymaildelivery

（郵遞）,Thebuyerplacesanorderforthedesiredproductswiththesalesmanthrough

someremotemethodsuchasthroughatelephonecallorawebsite.Then,theproductsare

deliveredtothecustomer.Theproductsaretypicallydelivereddirectlytoanaddress

suppliedbythecustomer,suchasahomeaddress,butsometimestheordersaredeliveredto

anearbyretaillocationforthecustomertopickup.Somebusinessmenalsoallowthegoods

tobeshippeddirectlytoathirdcustomer,whichisaneffectivewaytosendagifttoan

out-of-townfriend.

Amailordercatalogue（目錄）isapublicationincludingalistofordinarygoodsfrom

acompany.Companieswhopublishandoperatemailordercataloguesaretreatedas

cataloguerswithintheindustry.Goodsareproducedbypeopleallovertheworld,suchasin

Australia,theUSA,Canada,Chinaetc.Andnowmanycataloguers,justaswithmost

retailers（零售商），areincreasinglybuyinggoodsfromChina.

TitleMailorder

WhatMailorderisawayof]bymaildelivery.

HowPeoplecanplaceanorderby2atelephonecallorsearchingthe

website.

Peoplecanchoosethegoodstheywantby3upinthecatalogue.

WhereNowgoodsmadein4aremoreandmorepopularinforeign

countries.

III.任務型閱讀：閱讀下面短文，根據短文內容，完成下列各題。

IntheUK,busjourneysareverycommon.Busesareoftenconvenient（便利的）forthe

peoplewholiveorworkinthecitycenter.Passengerscanavoidheavytrafficandnothave

topayfbrtheparking.However,takingthebusisjustanecessarybutboringpartoflife:

theygetonthebus,payforitandsitorfindaplacetostandwhenitiscrowded.Everyone

seemssadandbored.

InLatinAmerica,however,bustripscanbewonderful.Forastart,filmsareshowed

onthebusesbetweencitiesforpassengerstohavefunalongthejourneys.Localbusesdo

notshowfilms,butdriversusuallyturnontheradioanditcanbegreatforpassengersto

listentosongsandgetrelaxed.

Evenbetterthanfilmsandmusicarethesightsandsoundsonthebuses.Localbuses

alwaysgotopartsofthetownthatpassengerswouldnotvisitbythemselves.There

passengerscanseeshopsthattheyhaveneverheardabout.Andtheycanalsoseeother

culturesofthetownfromthewindowsofthebuses.

Besides,passengers'luggage（行李）isalsointeresting.Itiscommontoseeahappy

dog'sheadgettingoutofsomebody'sbagoralovelychickenC€speakingcheerfully,9under

somebody'sarm.OnceonabusinPeru,afarmereventiedasheeptothetopofthebus.It

wasquitesurprising.

Inall,takingthebusinLatinAmericaisreallyfunandunforgettable.

1.Accordingtothepassage,intheUK,howtopassengersprobablyfeelonthebuses?

Theyprobablyfeel.

2.InLatinAmerica,howcanpeoplehavefunonthebusesbetweencities?

Theycan.

3.Inthewriter'sopinion,whatareevenbetterthanfilmsandmusiconthebuses?

are.

4.Whydoesthewriterthinkpassengers9luggageisinteresting?

Becauseit'scommontoseedifferentkindsofonthebuses.

5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

ItmainlytellsusaboutinLatin

America.

【答案與解析】

I.閱讀下面兩篇短文，根據所給語境，按要求完成下列各題。

1.但是過去并非如此。/但過去和現在的情況不一樣。此處like是介詞，意為“像”。

2.byaddingo考查同義句的轉換，由第二句句意“現在，其他東西被加進口香糖

中使得它軟而且甜”可知，把它變成主動語態(tài)時，此處by在這里作為介詞，介詞后面

力Udoingo

3.helps;stopso考查同義句的轉換，間接引語變成直接引語，需要注意時態(tài)、人

稱和數的變化，一般現在時主語是第三人稱單數，動詞后要注意加-s。

II.閱讀下面短文，在表格內的空白處填入合適的答案（每空一詞）。

1.shopping/buyingo第一段第一句話Mailorderisatermwhichdescribesthe

buyingofgoodsor

servicesbymaildelivery（郵遞），告訴我們：郵購訂單是一個描述通過郵遞的方

式購買商品或服

務的術語。

2.makingo第一段第二句中throughatelephonecall可知“通過打電話的方式”，by

后接動詞的-ing形式。

3.lookingo由第二段的第一句話Amailordercatalogue（目錄）isapublication

includingalistofordinarygoodsfromacompany.u一張郵購訂單目錄是一個包含有一

家公司的普通貨物清單的出版物''可知，人們可以通過在目錄里查詢尋來選擇他們想

要的貨物。

4.Chinao由文章最后一句話Andnowmanycataloguers,justaswithmostretailers

(零售商)，areincreasinglybuyinggoodsfromChina.可知“中國制造的物品在國外越來

越流行了”。

III.任務型閱讀：閱讀下面短文，根據短文內容，完成下列各題。

1.sadandboredo從第——段最后兩句"theygetonthebus,payforitandsitorfinda

placetostandwhenitiscrowded.Everyoneseemssadandbored.”可知，乘客們的感受是

悲傷而又無聊。

2.watchamovie(movies)/seea從第二段第二句"Forastart,filmsare

showedonthebusesbetweencitiesforpassengerstohavefunalongthejourneys.“可知，人

們可以看電影，所以答案為watchamovie(movies)/seeafilm(film)o

3.Thesightsandsound(onthebuses)o從第三段第一句"Evenbetterthanfilmsand

musicarethesightsandsoundsonthebuses.”可矢口答案。

4.animalso由第四段內容可知，公共汽車上的各種動物讓作者感到有趣。故填

animalso

5.thebustrip(journey)/trips(journeys)o根據文章主要描述了拉丁美洲的公共汽車

之旅，故填thebustrip(journey)/trips(journeys)o

【鞏固練習】

I.任務性閱讀真題演練。

I)閱讀短文，根據短文內容完成文后的句子。

CharlesDarwinwasascientistwhochangedourunderstandingofthenaturalworld.

HeisknownastheFatherofModernBiology.Darwinspentallhislifestudyingnatureand

makingnotesaboutallthespecies(物種)hefound.

Darwinwasbornin1809inEngland.Likemanygeniuseshedidn*tdowellatschool

andgotpoormarks.Hewasagoodathletethoughandlovedexploringnatureand

collectingseashells.Healsokeptdoingchemistryexperimentsandsohisclassmatesgave

himthenickname“Gas”.

HisfatherwasadoctorandexpectedCharlestobecomeonetoo.Charlesstarted

studyingmedicineatEdinburghUniversity,butsoongaveuphisstudiesthere.Hewent

ontostudyreligionatCambridgeUniversityinstead.Therehestartedcollectinginsects

likebeetlesandpaidtoolittleattentiontohisstudies.

In1831,attheageof22,Darwinwentonafive-yearexpeditiontoSouthAmerica,

AustraliaandSouthAfricabyship.Hewasoftenseasick,butthethingshesawonthis

longjourneychangedhislife.Hecollectedmanyfossilsaswellasanimalandplant

specimens.Hespenttherestofhislifestudyingwhathehadseenandhewrotemany

books.

In1839,Darwinmarriedhiscousin,EmmaWedgwood,withwhomhehadten

children!Hewasalovingfatherandenjoyedfamilylife,whichwasalwaysmore

importanttohimthanhisresearch.Inspiteofhavingmanyhealthproblemsthroughouthis

life,Darwinliveduntilhis73.

Darwin'smostfamousbookOntheOriginofSpeciescameoutin1859andsoldoutin

aday.Itsaidthatalllivingthingswererelated,whichmeantthathumanbeingswerejust

anotherkindofanimal.Theseideaswerenotpopularatfirst,butnowmostpeopleagree

withthemandadmireDarwinasabrilliantscientist.

1.Darwinwasaandhadgreatinterestsinexploringnaturethoughhewas

_____work.

2.AtEdinburghUniversity,Darwinsoongaveuphisstudybecausehe.

3.Darwincameupwithafterthelongjourney,andwhathesawontheway

4.Accordingtothearticle,Darwinlovedhisfamilyverymuchandhehad.

5.Atfirst,Darwin'snewideasabouthumanbeings.

II）閱讀短文，根據短文內容回答問題。

ThanksgivingisalwaysonaThursday.ThedayafterithasbeenknownasBlack

Friday.Itisthestartoftheholidayshoppingseason,andithasbeenthebusiestshopping

dayoftheyearintheUSsince2005.

MoststoresofferbigsalesonBlackFriday.Theyopentheirdoorsquiteearlyinthe

morning.Theytrytoattractshopperswithbigdiscounts（打折）.Someitems（商品）like

TVsandclothsaremuchcheaperthanusual.Storesmayevenlosemoneyontheseitems.

Theyhopethatshopperswillbuygiftsforotherpeoplewhiletheyareinthestore.

BlackFridayisagreattimetogoshopping.However,

thereareproblem.Thebiggestoneisthattherearenot

enoughlow-priceditems.Eachstoremayonlyhaveafew.

Theseitemsareingreatneed,sopeoplestandinlonglines

getthem.Theymaywaitthreetofourhoursbeforeastoreopens.Theymaybehopingto

getalowpriceonaTVorcomputer,butnoteverybodycangetone.Somepeopleleave,

disappointed.

Thesituationmakespeopleworried.SomeBlackFridayeventshavebeencrazy.There

havebeenfightsovertoysamongshoppers.Someworkershaveevenbeenhurtbylarge

crowds.ButmostBlackFridayeventsaresafeandfun.Still,ifyouplantogo,youwill

expectlargecrowdsandabitofpushing.

Sowheredoesthename"BlackFriday"comefrom?ItwasfirstusedinPhiladelphia

inthe1950s.ThepolicecalledthisdayBlackFridaybecauseoftheheavytrafficitcaused.

Inthe1960s,storestriedtorenametheday“BigFriday^^.Itdidnotstick.Thename“Black

Friday^^continuedtospreadacrossthecountry.Itseemsthatitisheretostay.

NowpeoplealloverthecountrytakepartinBlackFridayevents.Itisevenspreading

tootherpartsoftheworld.StoreshaveheldBlackFridayeventsintheUK,Australia,and

Brazilsince2012.InMexico,storesofferaweekendofdiscountseveryyear.Theycallit

“ElBuenFin”,whichmeans“thegoodweekend,,inSpanish.Iguesspeopleeverywhere

liketobuythingsonsale.

1.IsBlackFridaythestartoftheholidayshoppingseason?

2.WhatisthebiggestproblemwithBlackFriday?

3.Howlongmaypeoplehavetowaitbeforeastoreopens?

4.Wherewasthename“BlackFriday"firstusedinthe1950s?

5.WhydopeoplelikegoingshoppingonBlackFriday?

II.任務性閱讀綜合演練。

1.閱讀下面的短文.并根據短文后的要求答題。

Since1850,thetemperatureofEarth'ssurfacehasincreasedabout0.6℃.Scientists

predictitmaywarmmuchmorebytheendofthiscentury.Who'sturninguptheheat?Well,

itseemsthatweare!Someofthisglobalwarmingmaybenatural.However,nearlyall

scientistsnowagreethatmostofitisduetopeoplesactions.Overthepast150years,we've

addedhugeamountsofcertaingases,especiallycarbondioxide（CO2）totheairThese

gasescankeepheatnearEarth'ssurface,somorecarbondioxidemeansmoreheatiskept

nearEarth'ssurface.Globalwarmingmaychangetheweatherinwaysthatleadtomore

severestorms,floodsanddroughts.

Weaddcarbondioxidetotheairwhenwebumthings,especiallyfossilfuels.Fossil

fuelsareenergysourcesformedfromtheremainsofplantsandanimalsthatlivedmillions

ofyearsago.Coal,oil,andnaturalgasareallfossilfuels.PeopleintheUnitedStatesand

othercountriesstartedbuntinglargeamountsoffossilfuelsmorethanacenturyago.The

amountoffossilfuelsbeingburnedeachyearhasbeenincreasingworldwide.Themorewe

bum,?

Whatcanwedotohelp?Nowadaystolivealow-carbonlifeisquitepopularinthe

world.Low-carbonmeanstoreducetheamountofcarbondioxide.Savingenergyand

reusingarethekeywords.Infact,eventhesimplesteverydayactivitiescanmakeourlives

low-carbon.

1）Whatproblemcanglobalwarmingcause?（根據短文內容回答問題）

2）Whatarefossilfuels?（同上）

3）請將第一段中的劃線句子翻譯成漢語。

4）請根據第二段內容，將最后一個句子補充完整。

Themorewebum,.

5）請寫出日常生活中的一種“低碳”行為（用英語寫一個句子）。

2.閱讀下面短文，根據短文內容，在短文后1?5小題中句子空白處填入適當的

詞語或句子。

Weknowthatmanyanimalsdonotstayinoneplace.Birds,fishandotheranimals

movefromoneplacetoanotherplaceatacertaintime.Theymovefordifferentreasons:

mostofthemmovetofindfoodmoreeasily,butothersmovetogetawayfromplacesthat

aretoocrowded.

Whencoldweathercomes,manybirdsmovetowarmerplacestofindfood.Some

fishesgivebirthinwarmwaterandmovetocoldwatertofeed.Themostfamousmigration

isprobablythemigrationoffish,whichiscalled“salmon"儂魚）.Thisfishisborninfresh

waterbutittravelsmanymilestosaltwater.Thereitspendsitslife.Whenitisold,it

returnstoitsbirthplaceinfreshwater.Thenitgivesbirthanddies.InnorthernEurope,

thereisakindofmouse.Theyleavetheirmountainhomeswhentheybecometoocrowded.

Theymovedowntothelowland.Sometimestheymoveallthewaytotheseaside,and

manyofthemarekilledwhentheyfallintothesea.

Recently,scientistshavestudiedthemigrationofakindoflobster（龍蝦）.Everyyear,

whentheseasonofthebadweatherarrives,thelobstersgetintoalonglineandstartto

walkacrosstheflooroftheocean.Nobodyknowswhytheydothis,andnobodyknows

wheretheygo.So,sometimesweknowwhyhumansandanimalsmovefromoneplaceto

anotherplace,butatothertimeswedon't.Maybelivingthingsjustliketotravel.

1.Thereasonformostoftheanimalstomoveis.

2.Findthewordinthepassagewhichmeans"themovementfromoneplaceto

anotherofa

largegroupofanimals^^andwriteitdownhere.

3.Theunderlinedword“There"inthesecondparagraphrefersto（指的

是）.

4.Thesalmoncomesbacktoitsbirthplaceinorderto.

5.Thelobstersbegintomovetoanotherplacewhen.

3.請分別為下面四則諺語和相應的寓意搭配，并把序號A、B、C、D填在相應

的位置。

1)It'snevertoolatetolearn.

2)Acranestandingamidstaflockofchickens.

3)Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.

4)Playaharpbeforeacow.

5)Abookholdsahouseofgold.

A.Thisproverbmeansthatyoudosomethinguseless.

B.Thisproverbmeansthatsomeoneisthebestofall.

C.Thisproverbmeansthatifyoustudyhard,youwillsucceed.

D.Thisproverbmeansthatthere9remanythingstolearnnomatterhowoldyouare.

E.Thisproverbmeansthatifyoudosomethingearlyorbeforeothers,youwillhave

more

chancesandbesuccessful.

4.閱讀短文，把后面所給句子放在短文的適當位置，使短文意思完整。

Givingdirectionsindifferentplaces

Ifyouaskpeopleofdifferentcountries"Couldyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?”

Youwillgetdifferentanswers.

InJapan,peopleuselandmarks(路標)insteadofstreetnames.Forexample,the

Japanesewillsaytotravelers,6tGostraightdowntothecomer.1).The

postofficeisacrossfromthebusstop.”

InKansas,America,therearenotownsorbuildingswithinmiles.Soinsteadof

landmarks,peoplewilltellyoudirectionsanddistance.Forexample,peoplewillsay,"Go

northtwomiles.2)

PeopleinGreecesometimesdonoteventrytogivedirections.Theywilloftensay,

"Followme.”3).

Sometimesifapersondoesn'tknowtheanswertoyourquestion,heorshe,likeaNew

Yorker,mightsay,"Sorry,Ihavenoidea."ButinYucatan,Mexico,nooneanswers"Idon't

know.*4).Theyusuallygiveananswer,butoftenawrongone.Avisitor

canoftengetlostinYucatan!

5).