一年級英語-高中英語情態(tài)動詞新人教版

情態(tài)動詞表示說話人的某種感情或語氣，對某一動作或狀態(tài)的某種態(tài)度，認為“需要、可以、必須、應當”等。但本身詞義不完全，不能單獨作謂語動詞，必須要和不帶to的不定式（即動詞原形）連用。注意情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。情態(tài)動詞(modalverbs)Modalverbs：can,could,may,might,will,would,shall,should,must,can’t1)Someofuscanusethecomputernow,butwecouldn’tlastyear.2)Thenew-builttheatrecanseat1500people.3)Canshebeinthecomputercenter?4)Ithoughwhathesaidcouldnotbetrue.5)Can/CouldIuseyourdictionary?6)Couldyoulendmeahand?1.表能力3.表示“請求”“允許”(表請求時，口語中常用

could代替can使語氣更委婉，回答時用can)2.表示推測，意為“可能”“或許”，用于疑問句或否定句1.can與could4.表示“許可”，可與may換用。Youcangohomenow.5.can用于疑問句或否定句中時，表驚異、不相信等，意思是“可能、能夠”。Howcanyoubesocareless?6.can’t/couldn’t+have+done表示對過去情況的否定推測Susancan’thavewrittenareportlikethis.7.could+have+done表示對過去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜，遺憾It’sapity.Yourclasscouldhavegotthefirstprize.Michael____beapoliceman,forhe’smuchtooshort.A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldD.may2.Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How____itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must3.----IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.----Oh,didyou?You____withBarbara.A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldstayD.musthavestayedMysistermethimattheGrandTheateryesterdayafternoon,sohe____yourlecture.A.couldn’thaveattendedB.needn’thaveattendedC.mustn’thaveattendedD.shouldn’thaveattendedBAAA2.may與might1.表示“許可”或“請求”，有“可以”的意思，口語中常用might代may,表示委婉語氣。

否定回答時用“mustnot”表“禁止，阻止”，不用“maynot”.“maynot”表示“可能不”。Eg:1)---MayIwatchTVaftersupper?---Yes,youmay./No,youmustn’t.

2.表示可能性。意為“或許，可能”might比may

可能性小。Eg:1)Itmightbetrue.2)Theymaybeinthelibrarynow.3.may/mightaswell+動詞原形“…還是…的好”Eg:Youmayaswellgoandhavealook.4.Mayyou+動詞原形表“希望、祝愿、祈求”“祝你……”Eg:Mayyousucceed.1.SorryI'mlate.I_____haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.A.mightB.should

C.canD.will2.Peter_____comewithustonight,butheisn’tverysureyet.

A.mustB.mayC.canD.willAB3.will與would表“請求、建議”等，用would比用will委婉，客氣些。Eg:1)Willyoulendmeyourbook?2)Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?2.用于表示意志或意愿。will指現(xiàn)在，而would指過去。Eg:1)I’llneverdothatagain.2)Theysaidthattheywouldhelpus.3.表示習慣性動作。譯作“總是、慣于”will指現(xiàn)在，

would指過去。Eg:1)Hewilloftenreadallnight.2)Fishwilldiewithoutwater.3)Everyevening,shewouldsitbywindow,deepinthought.4.表示功能，譯作“能、行”Eg:1)Thatwillbeallright.2)Thisdoorwon’topen.5.用于否定句中，表示“不肯、不樂意”Eg:NomatterwhatIsaid,hewon’tlistentome.4.should1.用于表勸告、建議。意為”應該、應當”。Eg:Youshouldkeepyourpromise.2.用于表推測。意為“可能、該…”Eg:1)It’s7o’clock,heshouldbeathome.2)Theyshouldhavearrivedbynow.5.shall與will1.Shall

與第一、三人稱連用，且用在疑問句中時，表說話人征求聽話者的允諾。

Will與第二人稱連用，且出現(xiàn)在疑問句中時，表示請求。would更客氣。Eg:1)Shallwebeginourdiscussion?2)Shallthedriverwait?3)Willyouspeaklouder,please?2.shall的主語是第二、三人稱的陳述句，表示說話人的允諾、警告、命令等語氣。

will

的主語是第一、二、三人稱的陳述句，表意志、意愿。Eg:1)Youshallgetthebooktomorrow.2)Heshallbepunished.3)Youshallgowithme.4)Ifyouwillcometomyhouse.Iwillshowyoumynewpainting.允諾警告命令6.can’t用來表示由于特定事實或環(huán)境某事肯定不會發(fā)生。Eg:1)---Listen,someoneisknockingatthedoor,whocanitbe?---Itcan’tbeTom,hehasgoneabroad.2)---Can/couldtheyhavefinishedthework?---No,theycan’thavefinishedtheworksosoon.7.must1.表示義務或強烈的勸告，意為“必須”“應該”，其否定式表示“不應該”“不許可”“不準”“禁止”。Eg:1)Youmustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.2)Childrenmustn’tspeaklikethattotheirparents.2.回答must所在的一般疑問句時，否定回答用“needn’t”“don’thaveto”.Eg:---Mustwefinishtheworktomorrow?---No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto,butyoumustfinishitinthreedays.3.表推測，用于肯定句，意為“一定”“務必”。Eg:1)Bettymustbeinthenextroom.2)Hemustbewateringtheflowersinhisgarden.1.---Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.---It____acomfortablejourney.A.can'tbeB.mustn'thavebeenC.shouldn'tbeD.couldn'thavebeenD2.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone___getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasabletoDEXERCISES4.Peter___comewithustonight,butheisn’tverysure.mustB.canC.mayD.willC5.---CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname?---Yes,you____.A.willB.couldC.mayD.mightC6.Sorry,I’mlate.I___haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.mightB.shouldC.canD.willA7.--Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.--You____havemycomputerifyoudon’ttakecareofit.A.shan’tB.mightnotC.needn’tD.shouldn’tA8.---WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.---They_____bereadyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.needB9.Withsomuchworkonhand,you____toseethegamelastnight.A.mustn’tgoB.couldhavegoneC.shouldn’tgoD.shouldn’thavegoneD10.Johnny,you______playwiththeknife,you____hurtyourself.A.won't;can'tB.mustn't;mayC.shouldn't;mustD.can't;wouldn'tB11.Thereisnolightinthedormitory.Theymusthavegonetothelecture,_____?A.didn’ttheyB.don’ttheyC.mustn’ttheyD.haven’ttheyD12.Imissedthebus,soI___gohomeonfoot.A.mustB.mayC.canD.hadtoD

情態(tài)動詞+havedone這是歷年高考熱點之一，可表示“推測、責備、懷疑”等多種意義。一、表示對過去事情的推測或估計1.musthavedone“想必或肯定已經(jīng)做了某事”

eg:Thegroundisratherwet,soitmusthaverainedlastnight.2.may/mighthavedone“可能/大概已經(jīng)做了某事”

eg:Tommayhavegonetoshanghai,butIstillnotsureaboutit.3.can’t/couldn’thavedone“不可能已經(jīng)做了某事”

eg:Thegroundisverydry,soitcan’thaverainedlastnight.注：在疑問句中can/could表示對過去情況的疑問性推測，“可能已經(jīng)…了嗎？”

eg:Someonemusthavebrokenintoourbedroom,Whocouldhavedoneit?二、表示對過去所發(fā)生事情的遺憾或責備1.should/oughttohavedone“過去本該做而沒做”

eg:Ireallyregrettedwastingt