山西省忻州市殿上中學2023年高三英語下學期期末試題含解析

山西省忻州市殿上中學2023年高三英語下學期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.___________productionupby50%,thefactoryhasanotherwonderfulyear.

A.As

B.For

C.With

D.Through參考答案：

C解析：withproductionupby50%是with復合結(jié)構(gòu)，在此處作原因狀語。此處介詞with意思是“隨著”。2.Joseph______toeveningclassessincelastmonth,buthestillcan’tsay“What’syourname?”inRussian.A．hasbeengoing

B．went

C．goes

D．hasgone參考答案：A句意：約瑟夫自從上個月就一直去夜校，可是他仍然不能用俄語說“你叫什么名字？”。解析：考查時態(tài)。句中sincelastmonth，表示“自從上個月起”根據(jù)but后的句意，說明動作從過去發(fā)生到現(xiàn)在一直在進行著，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)。3.Whenit______advertising,consumersneedtobeeducatedabouttechniquesusedbyadvertisers.

A.comesup

B.comesabout

C.comesout

D.comesto參考答案：D33. Hewrotealetter______heexplainswhathadhappenedintheaccident. A.what B.which C.where D.how參考答案：C5.Intheglobaleconomy,anewdrugforcancer,

itisdiscovered,willcreatemanyeconomicpossibilitiesaroundtheworld.A.whateverB.whoeverC.whereverD.whichever參考答案：C6.－Doyouthinktheteamwillwinthegoldmedalatthe2012LondonOlympicGames?－____.Afterall,itisnolongerthestrongestintheworld.A.Ofcourse

B.Itdepends

C.Don’tmentionit

D.Ihopeso參考答案：B略7.Ipreferahouseinbeautifulsurroundingsinthecountrysideto_______insuchanoisystreetinShanghai.A.it

B.that

C.this

D.one參考答案：D8.ShegotstuckinaterribletrafficjamonthehighwaytoShanghai，orshe

dinnerwithherfamilynow．A．willbehaving

B．wouldbehaving

C．ishaving

D．washaving參考答案：B略9.--Soyougaveheryourphone?--__________.Shesaidshe'dreturnittomewhenshecouldaffordherown.A.Notexactly

B.Mypleasure

C.Nodoubt

D.Allright

參考答案：A略10.Alwaysreadthe______onthebottlecarefullybeforetakingmedicine.

Ainstructions

Bexplanations

Cdescriptions

Dintroductions參考答案：A11.Peoplehaveplantedagreatmanytreesinorderto______windandsand.A.holddown

B.holdup

C.holdback

D.holdout參考答案：C12.Whethersomethingisaliveordeadisacrucial______anditisonethatchildrenhavenodifficultyunderstandingbytheageoffive.A.declaration B.distinction C.division D.distribution參考答案：B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：某些東西是活的還是死的是一個重要的區(qū)別，這是一個孩子在5歲時就不難理解的問題。A.declaration宣告，聲明；B.distinction差別，區(qū)別；C.division分割；D.distribution分配，分布。根據(jù)前面的“是活的還是死”可推知，這是指孩子對死和活的區(qū)別，故選B。13.Theplantodevelopthelandwillwastetaxpayers’dollarsand________trafficjam.A.addupto

B.addto

C.add

D.addup參考答案：B14.Theyoungmancouldn’taffordanewcar.__________,heboughtausedone.A.Besides

B.Otherwise

C.Instead

D.Still參考答案：C略15.Thetownhaschangedsomuchthatitis_____recognition．

A．by

B．within

C．beyond

D．under參考答案：C略16.—Let'shaveagameoftennis;theloserhastotreattheothertoahotdog.—

.A.I'mafraidso

B.It'sadealC.You'vegotapoint

D.Mytreat參考答案：15．B試題分析：句意：--讓我們來一場網(wǎng)球比賽吧，輸?shù)娜苏埧统詿峁贰?-一言為定。I'mafraidso恐怕是這樣的；It'sadeal一言為定；You'vegotapoint你抓住重點了；Mytreat我請客。根據(jù)句意故選B?？键c：考查交際用語的用法。點評：本題難度適中。交際用語是高考的熱點，對于這些用語都是用在特定的語言環(huán)境之下，要充分理解語境，才能做出正確的判斷。即學即練：—I'mnotgoodatsinging,youknow.—________It'sjustforfun.A.Don'tsayso.

B.Comeon.

C.Whatapity!

D.Cheerup.

解析：B。Don'tsayso.不要這樣說。不符合情景交際的特點；Comeon.得了吧；來吧；Whatapity!

真可惜！真遺憾！Cheerup振作點。答語句意：來吧！我們只是玩?！窘馕觥柯远?、完型填空17.Todaywespentthemorninggoingthroughourpersonalbelongings.Wewerelookingforitemsto___21___forfreeatalocalpark.Notjustanyitemsbutthingspeoplereally___22___.Ouraimwasnottofindthingswenolonger___23___butthingsweuseeverydaythatwouldbe___24___toothers.Wepackedthesethings___25___theboxandaddedsomesmalltoys.Weaddedalistoflocaladdressesandphonenumbersoflocal___26___agencies.Insidetheboxasimpleletterwasplaced.It___27___:“Pleasetaketheseitemsandknowthatyourlifeisimportant.___28___aredifficultbutthesedayswillpass.Wesharewhatwehavebelievingthatitwill___29___.Usethefoodtonurtureyour___30___andusetheblanketstostaywarm.Besafeandknowthatthehuman___31___canovercomeanything.Donotholdyourhead___32___forhavinganeedtostaywarm.Somedaypleasedothesamewhenyoucan.”Thiskind___33___wasnotbecausethephonerangorforanyreason.Itwas___34___becauseitwastherighttodo.Wehaveoftenseen___35___peopleattheparkwhereweleftthebelongings.I___36___thatmywifehadputherfavoritegreencoatintothebox.Iaskedifshewas___37___aboutitandshejustrepliedthatithadahood(兜帽).HeranswertoldmewhyitisIwholoveher.Shelikedthecoatbutknewthehoodcould___38___someonefromtherain.Whoknowswherethesegiftsof___39___willgo?Howmanyusescanablanketserve___40___whatitwasdesignedtodo?Wenevergobackandseewhathappens.Itisunimportant.Therightthingswillfindtherightpeopleandthatisallthatcounts.21.A.putoff B.putup C.giveaway D.giveup22.A.needed B.collected C.produced D.searched23.A.accepted B.wanted C.carried D.bought24.A.wonderful B.beautiful C.hopeful D.useful25.A.around B.upon C.into D.above26.A.working B.parking C.delivering D.helping27.A.spoke B.read C.marked D.indicated28.A.Ways B.Problems C.Times D.Situations29.A.matter B.continue C.change D.depend30.A.body B.mind C.brain D.muscle31.A.liberty B.sprit C.health D.wisdom32.A.forward B.aside C.around D.down33.A.attempt B.manner C.act D.habit34.A.suddenly B.simply C.strangely D.usually35.A.Aimless B.homeless C.childless D.friendless36.A.believed B.dreamed C.approve D.noticed37.A.sure B.regretful C.worried D.anxious38.A.separate B.prevent C.shelter D.hold39.A.affection B.sympathy C.generosity D.honesty40.A.otherthan B.ratherthan C.morethan D.betterthan參考答案：21.C

22.A

23.B

24.D

25.C

26.D

27.B

28.C

29.A

30.A

31.B

32.D

33.C

34.B

35.B

36.D

37.A

38.C

39.B

40.A本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章，主要敘述了作者和妻子為一些無家可歸的人捐衣物，這些衣物并不是自己不需要的，而是一些自己在用而且對別人也是有用的，妻子甚至將自己最喜歡的有風帽的綠色外套捐獻出去，因為她知道風帽可以保護人們不受雨淋。作者認為適當?shù)娜说玫竭m當?shù)臇|西最重要。文章旨在贊揚這種無私的助人為樂的奉獻精神，人人都應為他人給予愛心、溫暖，也是對自己的一種回饋?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A.putoff推遲；B.putup提供；C.giveaway分發(fā)；D.giveup放棄。根據(jù)上文"Todaywespentthemorninggoingthroughourpersonalbelongings"可知，我們花了一個上午的時間在整理我們的私人物品，主要是在找一些可以在當?shù)氐墓珗@免費贈送的衣物，所以C選項是正確的?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.needed需要；B.collected收集；C.produced生產(chǎn)；D.searched搜索。根據(jù)文章第一段的主旨大意可知，我們（所要贈送的）不是任何東西，而是人們真正需要的，所以A選項是正確的?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.accepted接受；B.wanted想要；C.carried搬運；D.bought買。根據(jù)"butthingsweuseeverydaythatwouldbe…toothers"，我們的目標不是找我們不想要的東西，所以B選項是正確的?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.wonderful極好的；B.beautiful美麗的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.useful有用的。根據(jù)第一段的主旨大意及"Notjustanyitemsbutthingspeoplereally"可知，我們所要贈送的是我們每天都用的，對別人也是有用的東西，所以D選項是正確的?！?5題詳解】考查介詞辨析。A.around四處；B.upon根據(jù)；C.into深入……之中；D.above在……之上。根據(jù)句意可知，我把要贈送的東西放進盒子里面，因此介詞into：進入；在里面…符合題意，所以C選項是正確的?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.working工作；B.parking停車；C.delivering投遞；D.helping幫助。根據(jù)句意可知，盒子里除了要贈送的衣物，我還加入了一些當?shù)氐牡刂泛驮鷻C構(gòu)的地址，所以D選項是正確的?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.spoke說；B.read寫著；C.marked標記；D.indicated顯示。根據(jù)句意可知，在盒子里面放有一封簡單的信，信上寫到…，"表示…上寫著，顯示用"read或say"，所以B選項是正確的?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.Ways方法；B.Problems問題；C.Times時光；D.Situations情況。根據(jù)后面的句子"butthesedayswillpass"可知，困難的時光會過去的，所以C選項是正確的?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.matter重要；B.continue繼續(xù)；C.change

改變；D.depend依賴。根據(jù)句意可知，我們與別人分享我們所擁有的有用之物（即將有用的衣物贈送給別人），我們相信這很重要，"matter

重要，有影響"，所以A選項是正確的?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.body身體；B.mind理智；C.brain大腦；D.muscle肌肉。根據(jù)句意"Usethefoodtonurtureyour，usetheblanketstostaywarm"可知，用食物給身體增加營養(yǎng)，用毯子保持溫暖，所以A選項是正確的?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.liberty自由；B.sprit精神；C.health健康；D.wisdom智慧。根據(jù)句意可知，人類的精神可以戰(zhàn)勝一切，所以B選項是正確的?！?2題詳解】考查介詞辨析。A.forward向前；B.aside一邊；C.around四處；D.down向下。根據(jù)句意可知，不要因為需要東西保暖而低下頭，副詞"down

向下"，所以D選項是正確的?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.attempt企圖；B.manner方式；C.act行為；D.habit習慣。根據(jù)上文"Wewerelookingforitemsto

forfreeatalocalpark"可知，我們在找一些東西可以在當?shù)氐墓珗@免費的贈送，這個善舉不是因為電話鈴響了，或是其他什么原因，所以C選項是正確的?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.suddenly突然；B.simply簡單；僅僅；C.strangely奇怪地；D.usually通常。根據(jù)句子"becauseitwastherighttodo"可知，我們?yōu)閯e人贈送所需的衣物，僅僅只是因為應該這么做，這是對的且有意義的事，所以B選項是正確的?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.Aimless沒有目標的；B.homeless無家可歸的；C.childless無子女的；D.friendless沒有朋友的。根據(jù)"…forfreeatalocalpark"及"attheparkwhereweleftthebelongings．"可知，我們經(jīng)常在當?shù)氐墓珗@免費的贈送衣物，所以我們經(jīng)常會在公園里面看見無家可歸的人，所以B選項是正確的?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.believed相信；B.dreamed夢想；C.approve批準；D.noticed注意到。根據(jù)句意可知，我注意到我的妻子把她最喜歡的綠色的外套放在盒子里面，所以D選項是正確的。【37題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.sure確信的；B.regretful后悔的；C.worried擔憂的；D.anxious焦慮的。根據(jù)"mywifehadputherfavoritegreencoatintooneoftheboxes"可知，我問妻子是否能夠確定她最喜歡的綠色的外套也要放在盒子里一并贈送出去，所以A選項是正確的?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.separate分開；B.prevent阻止；C.shelter

庇護；D.hold持有。根據(jù)句意可知，妻子之所以要贈送最喜歡的綠色的外套，是因為衣服有風帽她知道風帽可以保護人們不受雨淋，"sheltersbfromsth保護；保護某人不受…，抵擋，躲避"，故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.affection

愛情；B.sympathy同情；C.generosity慷慨；D.honesty誠實。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，作者及妻子把自己有用的同時對別人也有用得衣物贈送出來是同情憐憫這些無家可歸的人，對他們施以愛心，誰知道這些同情的禮物會去往什么地方，所以B選項是正確的?！?0題詳解】考查短語辨析。A.otherthan除了；B.ratherthan寧愿；C.morethan不僅僅；D.betterthan好于。根據(jù)句意可知，除了毯子本來的用途，他們還可以用作什么？所以A選項是正確的。三、閱讀理解18.Idon’teverwanttotalkaboutbeingawomanscientistagain.Therewasatimeinmylifewhenpeoplekeptaskingmestoriesaboutwhatit’sliketoworkinafieldunderthecontrolofmen.IwasneververygoodattellingthosestoriesbecausetruthfullyIneverfoundtheminteresting.WhatIdofindinterestingistheexistenceoftheuniverse,theshapeofspacetimeandthenatureofblackholes.At19,whenIbeganstudyingastrophysics(天體物理學),itdidnotbothermeintheleasttobetheonlywomanintheclassroom.ButwhileearningmyPh.D.atMITandthenasapost-doctordoingspaceresearch,theproblemstartedtobotherme.Myeveryachievement—jobs,researchpapers,awards—wasviewedfromtheangleofgender(性別)politics.Soweremyfailures.Thenonedayafewyearsago,outofmymouthcameasentencethatwouldfinallybecomemyreplytoanyandallprovocations(挑釁):Idon’ttalkaboutthatanymore.Ittookme10yearstogetbacktheconfidenceIhadat19andtorealizethatIdidn’twanttodealwithgenderproblems.Whyshouldremovingsexismbeyetanotherterribleburdenoneveryfemalescientist?Afterall,Idon’tstudysociologyorpoliticaltheory.TodayIresearchandteachatBarnard,awomen’scollegeinNewYorkCity.Recently,someoneaskedmehowmanyofthe45studentsinmyclasswerewomen.Youcannotimaginemysatisfactionatbeingabletoanswer,45.Iknowsomeofmystudentsworryhowtheywillmanagetheirscientificresearchandadesireforchildren.AndIdon’ttakenonoticeofthoseconcerns.Still,Idon’ttellthem“war”stories.Instead,Ihavegiventhemthis:thesceneoftheirphysicsprofessorheavilypregnant(懷孕）doingphysicsexperiments.Andinturntheyhavegivenmetheimageof45womendrivenbyaloveofscience.Andthat’sasightworthtalkingabout.5．Whydoesn’ttheauthorwanttotalkaboutbeingawomanscientistagain?A.Shefeelsunhappyworkinginthescientificfield.B.Shefindsspaceresearchmoreimportant.C.Sheisnotgoodattellingstoriesofthekind.D.Sheistiredofthesexisminscientificfield.6．FromParagraph2,wecaninferthatpeoplewouldthinktheauthor’sfailuresweredueto__.A.herover-confidenceasafemaleastrophysicistB.herinvolvementingenderpoliticsC.theveryfactthatsheisawomanD.theburdenshebearsinamale-leadingsociety7．Whydoestheauthorfeelgreatsatisfactionwhentalkingaboutherclass?A.Femalestudentsnolongerhavetobotheraboutgenderissues.B.Herstudents’performancehasbroughtbackherconfidence.C.Morefemalestudentsaregoinginforsciencethanbefore.D.Herfemalestudentscandojustaswellasmalestudents.8．Whatdoestheimage(形象)thattheauthorpresentstoherstudentssuggest?A.Womencanbalanceacareerinscienceandhavingafamily.B.Womenhavemorebarriersontheirwaytoacademicsuccess.C.Womenstudentsneedn’thavetheconcernsofhergeneration.D.Womennowhavefewerproblemsgoinginforasciencecareer.參考答案：5．D6．C7．C8．A本文通過人們對科學界女性的歧視引出話題，想要告訴我們：女性有能力平衡科學事業(yè)和家庭。5．D推斷判斷題。根據(jù)第一段IwasneververygoodattellingthosestoriesbecausetruthfullyIneverfoundtheminteresting.可以推斷出作者不愿意反復談論這個話題，是因為不感興趣，對此感到厭倦了。故選D.6．C推斷判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Myeveryachievement—jobs,researchpapers,awards—wasviewedfromtheangleofgender(性別)politics.Soweremyfailures.可以推斷出，人們認為作者失敗全都因為她是一名女性這個事實。故選C.7．C根據(jù)最后一段Recently,someoneaskedmehowmanyofthe45studentsinmyclasswerewomen.Youcannotimaginemysatisfactionatbeingabletoanswer,45.可以推斷出，作者談到她的班級時感到非常滿意是因為比以前有更多的女性在進行科學研究。故選C。8．A推斷判斷題。Instead,Ihavegiventhemthis:thesceneoftheirphysicsprofessorheavilypregnant(懷孕）doingphysicsexperiments.（相反，我會告訴他們這樣的場景：她們的物理教授身懷六甲還在做物理實驗。）可以推斷出，作者想要告訴她的學生，女性有能力平衡科學事業(yè)和家庭。故選A.【名師點睛】推理判斷題屬于主觀題，是層次較高的題目。它包括判斷和推理題。這兩類題常常相互依存，推理是為了作出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依賴于合乎邏輯的推理。此類題要求在理解表面文字的基礎(chǔ)上，作出判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含的意思和深層的意思，也就是通過文章中的文字信息，上下邏輯關(guān)系及事物的發(fā)展變化等已知的信息，推斷出作者沒有直接表達的態(tài)度和觀點。第1小題推斷判斷題。根據(jù)第一段IwasneververygoodattellingthosestoriesbecausetruthfullyIneverfoundtheminteresting.可以推斷出作者不愿意反復談論這個話題，是因為不感興趣，對此感到厭倦了。這也是作者沒有直接表達出來的，要我們進行推斷判斷。故選D.

推理判斷題不僅要求考生讀懂文章中的每個句子的意思還要推理它們之間的關(guān)系，結(jié)合自己的生活常識和經(jīng)驗，再通過邏輯推理和判斷，理解文章的言外之意，從而揭示文章的深層涵義。第4題推斷判斷題。Instead,Ihavegiventhemthis:thesceneoftheirphysicsprofessorheavilypregnant(懷孕）doingphysicsexperiments.（相反，我會告訴他們這樣的場景：她們的物理教授身懷六甲還在做物理實驗。）可以推斷出，作者想要告訴她的學生，女性有能力平衡科學事業(yè)和家庭，這也是文章的主題。故選A.任何一篇文章都有其特定的寫作目的，讀者應當知道如何去做或按照某種方式傳遞思考問題。推理判斷題的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理時我們務必要忠于原文，在文章中尋找并確定可推論的依據(jù)，即：已知部分——推論的前提，從中推測出未知部分——推理的結(jié)論，切忌妄加評論，把自己的觀點當成作者的觀點。19.閱讀下列短文，從每題短文所給各題的四個選項（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Indepartmentstoresandclosetsallovertheworld,theyarewaiting.Theiroutwardappearanceseemsratherattractivebecausetheyhaveavarietyofstyles,patterns,materials,andcolor1s.Buttheyareeventuallythebiggestdeception（欺騙）thatexistsinthefashionindustrytoday.Whatarethey?Theyarehighheels（高跟鞋）—awoman’sworstenemy(whethersheknowsitornot).Fashionhasledwomentobelievethattheyaremorebeautifulorfashionableforwearingheels,butinreality,heelscausetroubles.Womenshouldfightthehighheelindustrybyrefusingtouseorbuytheminordertosavetheworldfromunnecessaryphysicalandpsychologicalsuffering.Tobefair,itmustbenotedthatthereisapositivesidetohighheels.First,heelsareexcellentforaerating（給……通氣）lawns(草坪).AnyonewhohaseverwornheelsongrassknowswhatIamtalkingabout.Asimpletriparoundtheyardinapairofthosebabiesgetsridofalltheneedtocallforalawncareexpert,andprovidestheperfect-sizedholestogiveanylawnoxygenwithoutallthedirtlyingaround.Second,heelsarequiteusefulfordefendingagainstoncomingenemiesbythreateningthemwithapairofthesesharp,deadlyfashionitems.Regardlessofsuchp