人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語Unit5單元知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)總結(jié)

（鬧鐘）發(fā)出響聲（鬧鐘）發(fā)出響聲gooff洗淋浴takeashower確信；確定；務(wù)必makesure進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)；睡著fallasleep一團(tuán)糟inamess把……折斷/分開break...apart互相；彼此eachother拍照takephotos￡_、毛看一看havealook在……邊上bythesideof前往；費(fèi)力地前進(jìn)makeone'sway沉默；無聲insilence對(duì)某人有意義havemeaningtosb.指出pointout也aswell對(duì) 有幫助behelpfulfor說實(shí)話；講事實(shí)tellthetruth叫喊；大聲說出calloutUnit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame？知識(shí)總結(jié)【重點(diǎn)短語】當(dāng)……的時(shí)候atthetimeof尋找lookfor接電話；撿起；拾起pickup感覺像是……feellike玩得開心havefun逐漸變?nèi)酰恢饾u消失diedown打掃干凈cleanup睡醒wakeup在……期間；在……的時(shí)候intimesof打開turnon起初；起先atfirst路過walkby通過收音機(jī)ontheradio其余的……；剩下的therestof拆除；往下拽；記錄takedown向外看lookoutof走開；離開；消失goaway等待waitfor【詞性變換】.開始(v.)begin—(過去式)bega?(現(xiàn)在分詞)beginning.在很大程度上； 大量地(adv.)heavily一沉重的(adj.)heavy.突然；忽然(adv.)sudden^突然的(adj.)suddenly.奇特的；奇怪的(adj.)strange奇特地(adv.)一strangely一陌生人(n.)stranger.風(fēng)(n.)wind一有風(fēng)的(adj.)windy.報(bào)道；公布(v.&n.)report—記者(n.)reporter.木；木頭(n.)wood一木制的(adj.)wooden.敲打；打敗(v.)beat一(過去式) beat.升起；增加；提高(v.)rise一(過去式)rose.倒下的;落下的(adj.)fallen一落下(v.)fall.覆蓋著冰的；冰冷的(adj.)icy一冰(n.)ice.開玩笑； 欺騙(v.)kid一(過去式)kidded一(現(xiàn)在分詞)kidding.徹底地；完全地(adv.)completely一完全的(adj.)complete.驚愕的;受震驚的(adj.)shocked一震驚(n.)shock.沉默；緘默；無聲(n.)silence一寂靜的；無聲的(adj.)silent.不久前；最近(adv.)recently—最近的(adj.)recent.實(shí)情；事實(shí)(n.)truth真實(shí)的(adj.)一true一真實(shí)地(adv.)truly【知識(shí)點(diǎn)撥】.Whatwereyoudoingyesterdayatthetimeoftherainstorm?(P.33-主題圖)(1)此句是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問句。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某個(gè)時(shí)間段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，謂語動(dòng)詞由“was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。2)atthetimeof意為“在 的時(shí)候”Eg：atthetimeoflunch在午飯的時(shí)候.Myalarmdidn'tgooffso...(P.34-2a)(1)意為“(鬧鐘)發(fā)出響聲”。(2)意為“爆炸；離開；停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”。waswaitingforthebuswhenit begantorainheavily.(P.34-2a)begin動(dòng)詞，意為“開始”，其后既可接動(dòng)詞不定式，也可接動(dòng)詞-ing形式，意為“開始

做某事”。heavily副詞，意為“在很大程度上，大量地”，常用來表示雨、雪下得大，相當(dāng)于hard。Icalledatsevenandyoudidn'tpickup.(P.34-2d)pickup此處意為“接電話；接收到(信號(hào)或聲音)”相當(dāng)于answerpickup還可以表示“撿起；(開車)接人；偶然學(xué)會(huì)”pickup為“動(dòng)詞+副詞”型短語，代詞做賓語放pick與up中間。Icalledagainateightandyoudidn 'tanswertheneither.(P.34-2d)also,too,aswell與either都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。also 放在句中，行為動(dòng)詞前，be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后。 Healsowantstogo.too 用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗號(hào)隔開。 Hewantstogo,either.aswell 用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗號(hào)隔開。 Hewantstogoaswell.either 用于否定旬旬末。 Hedoesn'twanttogoeitherWlhnolightoutside ,itfeltlikemidnight.(P.35-3a)withnolightoutside是介詞短語，在句中作狀語，表示伴隨的情況。那個(gè)男孩手里拿著蘋果跑了進(jìn)來。Theboyranin,withanappleinhishand.feellike感覺像……【拓展】feellike 還可意為“想要”，后常接動(dòng)詞-ing形式，意為“想要做某事”。Ben'sdadwasputtingpiecesofwoodoverthewindowswhilehismomwasmakingsuretheflashlightsandradiowereworking.(P.35-3a)wood在此為不可數(shù)名詞，意為“木；木頭”。wood作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，意為“樹林”，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。makesure意為“確保；確定；務(wù)必”，后接不定式，of短語或者that從句。Makesuretocomeontime.Itriedtomakesureoftheproblem.Makesurethatnoonefindsoutaboutit.8.Hefinallyfellasleepwhenthewindwasdyingdownataround3:00a.m.(P.35-3a)(1)fallasleep意為“睡著；進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)”(1)fallasleep意為“睡著；進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)”,其中asleep為形容詞，意為“睡著的”(2)diedown意為“逐漸變?nèi)?、逐漸消失”Thewindfinallydieddown.Benwashelpinghismommakedinnerwhentherainbeganto beatheavilyagainstthewindows.(P.35-3a)beat用作不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“敲打、(心臟、脈搏等)跳動(dòng)”,作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)表示“戰(zhàn)勝、打敗”，賓語是競爭對(duì)手。Theybeatdrumstocheeruptheplayers.Ibeatheratswimmingyesterday.against用作介詞，表示“碰、撞”。Therainbeatagainstthewindows.【拓展】against用作介詞，還可以表示 “反對(duì)；對(duì)抗”。Theworkerputtheleaderagainstthewall.Wewererowingagainstthecurrent.Theyareagainstbuildingafactoryhere.Whenhewokeup,thesunwasrising.(P.35-3a)wakesb.up意為“把某人喚醒"，wakeup意為“醒來”。Hismotheroftenwakeshimupat6:00inthemorning.Iusuallywakeupat6:30.rise(rose,risen,rising) 不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“升起，上升”辨析：rise與raise”，意為“升起，上Thewaterintheriverroseaftertheheavyrain.rise 不及物動(dòng)詞 -,,升 Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.Theworkerwantthebosstoraisetheirwages(工資).?, Theteacherasksustoraiseourhandsifwehave,R恤意為“提高，籌集，+.raise 及物動(dòng)詞 山一、、，工” questions.拾局，舉起Weshouldtryourbesttoraisemoremoneyforthepoorfamily.Althoughthestormbrokemanythingsapart,itbroughtfamiliesandneighborsclosertogether.(P.35-3a)break...apart意為“把 折斷；把 分開”。Thestrongwindbrokethebranchesapart.Rumorsbrokethetwoclosefriendsapart.Katerealizedherbagwasstillathome.(P.37-1c)realize用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“理解、領(lǐng)會(huì)、意識(shí)到”,后接名詞、代詞或者從句作賓語。Hedidn'trealizehismistake.Themanlaughedwhenherealizedwhathappened.Whentheschoolbasketballcompetitionstarted,Katewasstill makingherwaytoschool.(P.37-1d)makeone'swayto意為“前往 ，費(fèi)力地前進(jìn)”，后接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)克服重重困難，想方設(shè)法去某地。Weslowlymadeourwaytothemallthroughthecrowd.Onthisday,Dr.MartinLutherKingwaskilled.(P.38-2b)waskilled意為“被殺害”，表示的是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。英語語法上將這種現(xiàn)象稱為“被動(dòng)語態(tài)” 。Myparentswerecompletelyshocked.(P.38-2b)(l)completely副詞，意為“徹底地；完全地”。⑵shocked 感到震驚的shocking 令人震驚的Myparentsdidnottalkafterthat,andwefinishedthe restofourdinnerinsilence.(P.38-2b)rest此處表示“其余的部分”，therestof意為“其余的……、其它的……”，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與therestof 修飾的名詞或代詞的數(shù)保持一致。Therestofthemoneyisonthedesk.Someofthestudentsarereadingintheclassroomandtherestofthemareontheplayground.insilence意為“沉默、無聲”。Shestoodbythewindowinsilenceforalongtime.Morerecently,mostAmericansrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheWorldTradeCenterinNewYorkwastakendownbyterrorists.(P.38-2b)recently用作副詞，意為“近來、最近”,常與一般過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。Haveyoucalledyourmotherrecently?(2)rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事remembertodosth.記得要做某事(2)rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事remembertodosth.記得要做某事⑶takedown意為“拆除、拆掉”，還可以表示“寫下、記下”。Couldyoupleasehelpmetakedownthistent?Iforgottotakedownhistelephonenumber.Katedidn'tthinkherfriendwastellingthetruthabouttheevent.(P.39-2c)truth用作名詞，表示“實(shí)情、事實(shí)"，totellthetruth表示“說實(shí)話”，放在句中作插入語，用逗號(hào)同句子其它成分隔開。Eg:Totellthetruth,Idon'treallylikethisdress.IhadtroublethinkingclearlyafterthatbecauseIwasveryafraid.(P.39-2d)havetrouble(in)doingsth.表示“做某事有困難”，相當(dāng)于havedifficulty/problems(in)doingsth.【單元語法】過去進(jìn)行時(shí)?定義：表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段