重慶生物多樣性

重慶生物多樣性

Protectingthebiodiversity

ofChongqingMartinWillison博士,教授,Dalhousie大學(xué),Halifax,NovaScotia,加拿大martinwillison@2009年12月01號(hào)/web/index.aspx重慶市生物多樣性保護(hù)策略和行動(dòng)計(jì)劃產(chǎn)出5:公眾的保護(hù)意識(shí)得到提高，從而參與到生物多樣性保護(hù)中來(lái)北紅尾鴝

DaurianRedstart(Phoenicurusauroreus)male生物多樣性

Biodiversity

Ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)基因

Gene

Species

物種

Someimportantideasaboutspecies

-Nativespecies–naturallyofaregion-Endemicspecies–foundonlyinaregion-Exoticspecies–Notnativetothatarea,nativetoanotherarea(alsocalled“alienspecies”)-Domesticspecies–usedandcontrolledbyhumans-Wildspecies–autonomous,notcontrolledbyhumansThreemainthreatstobiodiversityExploitationoflivingresources,suchashuntingLossofhabitatandhabitatfragmentationInvasivespecies,includingdiseasesWhyisbiodiversityimportant?

為什么生物多樣性很重要？SomeChongqingexamples一些重慶的例子云豹

NeofelisnebulosaEachspecieshasarange.Inthiscase,therangehasbecomefragmented.Asaresult,thespeciesisendangered(maybecomeextinct).

物種分布SanAntonioZooIUCNRedBook大鯢

Andriasdavidianus,Chinesegiantsalamander,criticallyendangeredRoyalOntarioMuseumCanada–plasticmodel大鯢

AndriasdavidianusThegiantsalamanderisonlyinChina(i.e.endemic).ThemostviablepopulationisintheChongqingregion.Thegeneticdiversityoffarmedanimalsislessthanthegeneticdiversityofwildanimals.Thereforewemustfarmthemforfood(sothatthewildonesarenotkilled)andkeepthewildonesfortheirgenes.NanchuanJackfruit

南川木菠蘿

Artocarpusnanchuanensis

Plantshavemanyeconomicvaluesaswellasintrinsicvalue.NanchuanJackfruitispresentonlyinNanchuanCountyandiscriticallyendangeredinthewild.Bypropagatingitandcreatingacommercialproductitcanbesaved.Thewildtreesmustalsobesavedfortheirgeneticdiversity.DowewantthesespeciestobeseenonlyintheChongqingNaturalHistoryMuseum?

我們希望只在重慶自然博物館看到這些物種嗎？Theyneedtheirnaturalhabitat

那些物種需要他們的自然棲息地Biodiversityalsoprovidesmanyvaluesforhumans導(dǎo)致物種，亞物種及其從屬物種

消失和滅絕的因素:

對(duì)野生動(dòng)植物的直接開(kāi)發(fā)和利用棲息地的消失棲息地的破碎與分裂外來(lái)物種及疾病的引入和傳播

這些影響必須在生物多樣性保護(hù)

可實(shí)施的層面：生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中加以消除和解決。DirectexploitationofwildanimalsandplantsLossofhabitatFragmentationofhabitatIntroductionandspreadofexoticspeciesanddiseasesGlobalenvironmentalchange,notablyclimateTheseeffectsmustbeaddressedattheoperationallevelofbiodiversity:theecosystemExtinctionandextirpationofspecies,subspecies,andothertaxaarecausedby:Whatca