中考英語復(fù)習(xí)閱讀專題：推斷隱含含義之段落

推斷隱含意義之段落任務(wù)一：什么是段落推斷題?定義：推斷隱含意義之段落題大多是指從某一個段落中能推斷出某一結(jié)論。這就要求我們對某一段落中的內(nèi)容及作者思路做出合理的判斷和推理，也就是要運用邏輯推理能力推論出蘊含在文章某一段落中卻沒有明說的事實及暗示的含義。常見的設(shè)問方式：1.Whatcanwelearn/inferfromParagraph2...?2.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph4that...3.Whichofthefollowingcanbeconcludedfromthethirdparagraph?4.Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthat...題干中通常含有_______,_______,_______,________,________,________,________等標(biāo)志性詞語。任務(wù)二：如何解推斷隱含意義之段落題？Passage1:Closeyoureyes.Trytobringbackamemoryoftakinganexaminyourworstsubjectwithyourstrictestteacher.Probablyyourememberlookingatthepaper,feelingyoudidn’tknowanyoftheanswers.Yourheartwasbeatingfast...ApaperinNaturereportsthataone-timeonlinemindsetexercise(思維模式訓(xùn)練)improvedthewayyoungpeoplethoughtaboutstressfuleventsandtheiruncomfortableresponses(反應(yīng)).Theexercisecouldbeputintofurtheruse.Itcouldbespeciallymadeforathletesorofficeworkersinthefuture.Onceithasbeenfullytested,theexercisecouldbereadyforuseinhighschoolsandcollegesnationwide.Theresearchersdon’tjustwantyoungpeopletorethinkaboutstress;theywantadultstorethinkaboutyoungpeople.“Ourstudiessuggestthatwemightnotteachyoungpeoplethattheyaretooweaktogetoverdifficulties,butthatwemight,instead,providethemwithresourcesandguidancesothatyoungpeoplecanshowtheirskillsandcreativityindealingwithbigproblems,”theywriteinthepaper.1.Whatcanwelearnabouttheexercise?A．Itisnowhelpingteenagersnationwide.B．Itisespeciallyhelpfultoofficeworkers.C．Itaimstohelpteenagersgetbettergrades.D．Itcanchangestudents’responsestoproblems.SummarySummary推根究源小妙招第1招:______________________________________某些段落推斷題往往針對段落中的事實或者細(xì)節(jié)而設(shè)置，因此可以根據(jù)題干及選項中的關(guān)鍵詞語在原文中定位，然后根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容進行正確的正確的推理和判斷。配題訓(xùn)練1：IonceheardofXiaohuanggoufromoneofmyclassmates.Afterlearningaboutit,Itoldmydadaboutitsuseandpurpose.Xiaohuanggouisatechfirm(科技公司)whichhassetupmanyintelligentwaste-managementrecyclingbinsacrossthecountry.Thebinshelppeoplesort(分類)andrecycletheirwaste.Peoplecanthrowawayobjectstheynolongerneedintothebins.Theintelligentbinswillthenweightheobjectsandgiverewards(獎勵)topeople.Thentherewardscanbespentonproductsfromthecompany’sapp,onlinegamesordonatedtocharities(做慈善捐助).ConsideringthatthereweremanytextbooksthatIdidn’tneedanymore,bothmydadandIthoughtitwasagoodideatothrowthemintotheintelligentbins.Astheintelligentbinscansortthem,itwouldbemorehelpfulandeasierforworkerstoprocess(處理)thegarbage.However,manypeoplemightjustthrowrubbishawaywithoutsortingit.Thismakesitdifficulttoprocessthegarbage,andmuchofitwillbeputintolandfills(垃圾場)insteadofbeingrecycled.Butbyencouragingpeoplewithrewards,IthinkthatXiaohuanggoumayraisepublicawareness(提升公眾意識)ofgarbagesorting.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutXiaohuanggou?A.ThewriteronceheardofXiaohuanggoufromoneofherteachers.B.Therewardscanbespentonproductsfromthecompany’sapp.C.Therubbishwithoutsortingmakesgarbageprocessingeasier.D.Therewardsmayraisepublicawarenessofgarbagesorting.SummarySummary推根究源小妙招第2招:_________________________________________通常轉(zhuǎn)折詞后才是作者要表達(dá)的觀點，易設(shè)考點。常見轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：_________________________________________________________等等。Peoplearesurprisedtohearthis.“Theythink,‘Idon’tneedtodrive,andthebusinessdoesn’tneedtobuildastore,sotherewillbelesspollution,’”saysNuriaProst,anenvironmentalscientist.“Infact,onlineshoppingiswasteful.Italsoaddstoairpollution.”2.Accordingtothepassage,NuriaProst______.A.lovestoshoponlineverymuch B.sellsproductsonanonlinestoreC.doesn’tliketodrivetowork D.payscloseattentiontoenvironment配題訓(xùn)練2：Sendingatextmessage，forexampletotellwheretomeetsomeone，isasimpleandeffective（有效的），peopleusuallyonlyincludethekeyinformationinatextmessage.Textmessagingisalsoacheapformofcommunicationandtherefore，itisespeciallywelcomedbyyoungpeople.However，therearestrongargumentstosuggestthattextmessaginghasanegativeinfluenceonhowwecommunicate.Onedownsideisthatthereisatendencyforpeopletousetextmessagesasanexcusetogetoutofconversationswhichmightbeuncomfortabletohaveeitherface﹣to﹣faceoronthephone.What'smore，peopleincreasinglytextwhiletheyarewithotherpeople，suddenlybreakingoffaconversationandfocusingontheirphonescreens.However（另類的）languageoftextmessages，suchasabbreviated（縮寫的），hasmadeagenerationofyoungpeopleunabletospellorformcorrectsentences.Inmyview，textmessaginghasimprovedcommunicationconsiderablyanditishighlyuseful，forexample（聯(lián)系）someoneinaverynoisyplace.Itisanecessarypieceoftechnology.2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.Textmessagesmayneedtoincludemoreinformation.B.Textinghashelpedtoimprovewrittencommunication.C.Face﹣to﹣faceconversationsmaybeinterruptedbytexting.D.Teachersshouldtellstudentshowtousetextmessagescorrectly.TimeforTimeforreview第一招：_______________________________________________第二招：_______________________________________________當(dāng)堂檢測：Nappingcanhelpbabiesandyoungchildrenlearnbetter.Also,itcanstopolderpeoplesuffering(遭受)frommemoryloss.InAmerica,itisashameforpeopletoadmit(承認(rèn))thattheydotakeanap.Theysupposenappingshowstheyareweakorshortofenergy.Thatonlychildren,theveryold,sickorlazypeoplenapisawidely-acceptedopinion.However,thatmaybechanging.Manyofficesnowoffernappingrooms,andnappingcafesareappearinginmanyU.S.cities.UnlikeAmerica,nappingispartofanormal,everydaylifeinotherpartsoftheworld.Forexample,Chinaisgenerallyconsideredasalandofnappers.Researchersfoundnearly60percentofoldChinesepeopletookanapafterlunchandmostofthemnappedforaboutanhour.Thestudyfoundthatpeoplewhotookanhour-longnapdidmuchbetteronmentalteststhanthosewhodidnotnaporwhonappedforlongerperiods.Itseemsthatthemosthelpfulnaplastedforaboutanhour.ButDr.MichaelTwerymentionsthatanhour-longnapmaybetoolongforyoung,healthyadults.1．Whatcanweknowaboutnapfromthepassage?A．Onlytheone-hournappergroupfinishedtheirmentaltest.B．Chinahasthemostyoungnappersinthewholeworld.C．Peopleshouldbebetterpreparedtogetagoodnap.D．MoreandmoreAmericansareacceptingnapping.Laughterisverymuchsomethingwedowithothers.Studieshaveshownthatweare30timesmorelikelytofindsomethingfunnywhenwearewithothersthanwhenwearebyourselves.Buttolaughwithothers,wedoneedtofeelaconnectiontothem.Weneedtofeelcomfortableintheircompany.That’swhyitcanbedifficulttolaughinthepresenceofstrangers.Laughterisalsoverycontagiousandoneperson’slaughcanspreadquicklythroughoutagroupofpeople.Butoftenwhatmakesusjoininisthefearofstandingoutandbeingdifferent.Welaugh,evenifwedon’treallygetthejoke,especiallyingroupscontrolledbyapowerfulperson.Whentheheadteachertellsajoke,forexample,youlaugh,eventhoughlateryoumightwonderifthejokewasreallythatfunnyatall.()2.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A.Morefunnythingshappenwhenwearewithothers.B.It'sdifficulttobuildupconnectionswithstrangers.C.Welaughsometimesbecauseofsocialneeds.D.Powerfulpeoplearemorelikelytobefunny.Thelinkbetweenwhatthemenhaddoneasboysandhowtheyturnedoutasadultswassurprisingly

sharp.Thosewhohaddonethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceas

likely

tohavewarmrelationswithawidevarietyofpeople,fivetimesaslikelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunempl