高一必修一unit1語法-直接引語變間接引語課件

直接引語間接引語

直接引語間接引語

Theboysaid,“I’m

readingabook.”Directspeech直接引語

Theboysaid(that)hewasreadingabook.Indirect

speech間接引語.Theboysaid,“I’mreadingaDirectspeech直接引語

Indirectspeech間接引語.原封不動地引用原話，把原話放在引號內(nèi)用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述，被轉(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容不放在引號內(nèi)Directspeech原封不動地引用原話，把原話放在引直接引語變間接引語的三種類型1

陳述句直接引語如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，語序不變，且為連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（that在口語中常省略），如Hesaid,“Ilikereadingadventurestories.”

→

Hesaidthathelikedreadingadventurestories.直接引語變間接引語的三種類型1陳述句直接引語如將下列直接引語的句子改寫為間接引語:1.Lanasaid,"I'mgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforMaria."→LanasaidthatshewasgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforMaria.2.Theteachersaid,"Mystudentsarehard-working."→Theteachersaidthathis/herstudentswerehard-working.3.TomtoldJane,"Iwilllendmybicycletoyou."→TomtoldJanethathewouldlendhisbicycletoher/Jane.將下列直接引語的句子改寫為間接引語:2.

直接引語如果是疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要把疑問句語序改為陳述句語序。

1）一般疑問句。用whether或if(是否）引導(dǎo)。主句中的動詞是said時改為asked。

Eg.He

said,

“Are

you

a

student?”

疑問語序

He

askedme

whether/if

I

was

a

student.陳述語序2.直接引語如果是疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要陳述語序2)

特殊疑問句:由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,仍用原來的疑問詞引導(dǎo).要把疑問句語序改為陳述句語序。

Eg.“Where

are

you

going?”

Father

askedhis

son.

Eg.Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboy,“Wheredoyoulive?”Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboywherehelived.Fatheraskedhissonwherehewasgoing疑問語序陳述語序疑問語序陳述語序2)特殊疑問句:由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,仍用原來的疑問3.當直接引語是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時,間接祈使句的引述動詞常用tell,ask,order,等,而把直接引語的祈使句變成帶

(not)to的不定式短語。句型：tell/ask/ordersb(not)todosth3.當直接引語是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時,間接祈使句的引述動1.Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Stoptalking.”

→

Theteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking.

2.Theteachersaidtous,“Don’tplayinclass.

→Theteachertold/askedusnottoplayinclass.

1.Theteachersaidtothes人稱變化

(一般遵循這句順口溜“一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱無變化”)人稱變化(一般遵循這句順口溜“一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱無1).“一隨主”是指引號內(nèi)的主語人稱是第一人稱或被第一人稱修飾，變間接引語時，人稱要變成引號外的主語人稱。如：①.Theysaid,“Wewillgotherebybus.”

→Theysaidtheywouldgotherebybus.②.Shesaid“Mysisterwantstogowithme.”

→Shesaid(that)hersisterwantedtogowithher.1).“一隨主”是指引號內(nèi)的主語人稱是第一人稱或被第一人稱修2).“二隨賓”是指引號內(nèi)的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人稱修飾，變間接引語時，人稱要變成引號外的賓語人稱。如果引號外沒有賓語，也可以用第一人稱。如：①.Shesaidtome,“Areyouinterestedinscience?”→SheaskedmeifIwasinterestedinscience.②.HesaidtoKate."Howisyoursisternow?"→HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen.③.Shesaid,“Yourpronunciationisbetterthanhis.”→Shetoldmethatmypronunciationwasbetterthanhis.2).“二隨賓”是指引號內(nèi)的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人稱3).“第三人稱無變化”是指引號內(nèi)的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱修飾，變間接引語時，人稱一般不需要變化。如：①.Hismothersaidtome,“Hecan'tgotoschool.”

→Hismothertoldmethathecouldn'tgotoschool.②.MrSmithsaid,"Jack’sbrotherisagoodworker."→MrSmithsaidJack’sbrotherwasagoodworker.3).“第三人稱無變化”是指引號內(nèi)的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被

時態(tài)變化（1）一般現(xiàn)在時

Hesaid,“IcandowellinEnglish.”

（2）現(xiàn)在進行時Hesaid,“I'mwritingaletter.”

（3）一般將來時

Tomsaidtome“Iwillcallyoutomorrow”一般過去時過去進行時過去將來時→Hesaidthat

he

coulddowellinEnglish.→

Hesaidthat

he

waswritingaletter.

Tomtoldmethathe

wouldcallme

thenextday.

時態(tài)變化（4）一般過去時過去完成時Hesaidtome,“Imetyourfather.”→Hetoldmethathehadmetmyfather.（5）現(xiàn)在完成時

過去完成時

Shesaid.“Ihavelostapen.”

→Shesaidthatshehadlostapen.（4）一般過去時過去完成時注意（1）如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，直接引語變間接引語時，從句的時態(tài)不變。

Hesays,“I’mnotgoodatmath.Hesaysthatheisnotgoodatmath.注意（1）如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，直接引語變間接引語時，

(2)

當轉(zhuǎn)述客觀真理時，直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。如：He

said,

“The

moon

moves

around

the

earth.Hesaid

that

the

moon

moves

around

the

earth.(3)為了表示引述的狀態(tài)和情況到現(xiàn)在仍然是事實時，也經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：

Myteachersaid,“Tomisagoodstudent.”

MyteachersaidTomisagoodstudent.

記住:指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化直接引語間接引語指示代詞this,thesethat,those時間狀語nowtodayyesterdaytomorrowthisweeknextweek...thenthatdaythedaybeforethenextdaythatweek...thenextweek地點狀語herethere動詞comego記住:指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和直接引語間接引語指示代詞Summary1當直接引語是陳述句：由(that)引導(dǎo)主語+（said)that+句子（時態(tài)往過去推）

told2當直接引語是一般疑問句:由if引導(dǎo)

whether主語+（asked)if+一般疑問句(主謂結(jié)構(gòu)）

whether

Summary

3.當直接引語是特殊疑問句時，用原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)（what/where等）主語asked+what特殊疑問句（主謂）where

4.當直接引語是祈使句時用句型：主語+toldsb(not)todosthaskedordered3.當直接引語是特殊疑問句時，用原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)（1Thegirlsaid,“Iwillhaveaparty.”→Thegirlsaid(that)shewouldhaveaparty.2Heaskedme,“Isyourfatheradoctor?”→Heaskedmeif/whethermyfatherwasadoctor.3Thepoliceaskedtheman,“Whereareyougoing?”→Thepoliceaskedthemanwherehewasgoing.1Thegirlsaid,“Iwillhave

4MothersaidtoTom,“getupearlier!”→Mothertold/askedTomtogetupearlier.5Theteachersaidtous,“Don’ttalkinclass!”→Theteachertold

/askedusnottotalkinclass.6Theteachersaid,“Themoongoesaroundtheearth.”→Theteachersaid(that)themoongoesaroundtheearth.4MothersaidtoTom,“get7“IamgoodatEnglish,”Lucysaid.→8“LiLeiisreadingabook,”PetersaidtoLucy.→9“Wewillhaveafootballmatch,”hetoldhismother.LucysaidshewasgoodatEnglish.PetertoldLucythatLiLeiwasreadingabook.→Hetoldhismothertheywouldhaveafootballmatch.7“IamgoodatEnglish,”Luc10“TheygotoschooleverydayexceptSaturdayandSunday,”theboysaid.

→TheboysaidtheywenttoschooleverydayexceptSaturdayandSunday.11Sheaskedme,"Whydoyouwanttodothis?"

→SheaskedmewhyIwantedtodothat.10“Theygotoschoolevery13.She

said

to

him,

“It’s

time

togohome.”12.Mr.Wang

said,“I

will

leave

for

Shanghai

next

month.”Mr.

Wang

said

that

he

would

leave

for

Shanghai

the

next

month.She

told

him

that

it

was

time

togohome.

12.Mr.Wang

said,“I

will

leave

直接引語間接引語

直接引語間接引語

Theboysaid,“I’m

readingabook.”Directspeech直接引語

Theboysaid(that)hewasreadingabook.Indirect

speech間接引語.Theboysaid,“I’mreadingaDirectspeech直接引語

Indirectspeech間接引語.原封不動地引用原話，把原話放在引號內(nèi)用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述，被轉(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容不放在引號內(nèi)Directspeech原封不動地引用原話，把原話放在引直接引語變間接引語的三種類型1

陳述句直接引語如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，語序不變，且為連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（that在口語中常省略），如Hesaid,“Ilikereadingadventurestories.”

→

Hesaidthathelikedreadingadventurestories.直接引語變間接引語的三種類型1陳述句直接引語如將下列直接引語的句子改寫為間接引語:1.Lanasaid,"I'mgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforMaria."→LanasaidthatshewasgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforMaria.2.Theteachersaid,"Mystudentsarehard-working."→Theteachersaidthathis/herstudentswerehard-working.3.TomtoldJane,"Iwilllendmybicycletoyou."→TomtoldJanethathewouldlendhisbicycletoher/Jane.將下列直接引語的句子改寫為間接引語:2.

直接引語如果是疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要把疑問句語序改為陳述句語序。

1）一般疑問句。用whether或if(是否）引導(dǎo)。主句中的動詞是said時改為asked。

Eg.He

said,

“Are

you

a

student?”

疑問語序

He

askedme

whether/if

I

was

a

student.陳述語序2.直接引語如果是疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要陳述語序2)

特殊疑問句:由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,仍用原來的疑問詞引導(dǎo).要把疑問句語序改為陳述句語序。

Eg.“Where

are

you

going?”

Father

askedhis

son.

Eg.Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboy,“Wheredoyoulive?”Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboywherehelived.Fatheraskedhissonwherehewasgoing疑問語序陳述語序疑問語序陳述語序2)特殊疑問句:由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,仍用原來的疑問3.當直接引語是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時,間接祈使句的引述動詞常用tell,ask,order,等,而把直接引語的祈使句變成帶

(not)to的不定式短語。句型：tell/ask/ordersb(not)todosth3.當直接引語是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時,間接祈使句的引述動1.Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Stoptalking.”

→

Theteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking.

2.Theteachersaidtous,“Don’tplayinclass.

→Theteachertold/askedusnottoplayinclass.

1.Theteachersaidtothes人稱變化

(一般遵循這句順口溜“一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱無變化”)人稱變化(一般遵循這句順口溜“一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱無1).“一隨主”是指引號內(nèi)的主語人稱是第一人稱或被第一人稱修飾，變間接引語時，人稱要變成引號外的主語人稱。如：①.Theysaid,“Wewillgotherebybus.”

→Theysaidtheywouldgotherebybus.②.Shesaid“Mysisterwantstogowithme.”

→Shesaid(that)hersisterwantedtogowithher.1).“一隨主”是指引號內(nèi)的主語人稱是第一人稱或被第一人稱修2).“二隨賓”是指引號內(nèi)的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人稱修飾，變間接引語時，人稱要變成引號外的賓語人稱。如果引號外沒有賓語，也可以用第一人稱。如：①.Shesaidtome,“Areyouinterestedinscience?”→SheaskedmeifIwasinterestedinscience.②.HesaidtoKate."Howisyoursisternow?"→HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen.③.Shesaid,“Yourpronunciationisbetterthanhis.”→Shetoldmethatmypronunciationwasbetterthanhis.2).“二隨賓”是指引號內(nèi)的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人稱3).“第三人稱無變化”是指引號內(nèi)的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱修飾，變間接引語時，人稱一般不需要變化。如：①.Hismothersaidtome,“Hecan'tgotoschool.”

→Hismothertoldmethathecouldn'tgotoschool.②.MrSmithsaid,"Jack’sbrotherisagoodworker."→MrSmithsaidJack’sbrotherwasagoodworker.3).“第三人稱無變化”是指引號內(nèi)的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被

時態(tài)變化（1）一般現(xiàn)在時

Hesaid,“IcandowellinEnglish.”

（2）現(xiàn)在進行時Hesaid,“I'mwritingaletter.”

（3）一般將來時

Tomsaidtome“Iwillcallyoutomorrow”一般過去時過去進行時過去將來時→Hesaidthat

he

coulddowellinEnglish.→

Hesaidthat

he

waswritingaletter.

Tomtoldmethathe

wouldcallme

thenextday.

時態(tài)變化（4）一般過去時過去完成時Hesaidtome,“Imetyourfather.”→Hetoldmethathehadmetmyfather.（5）現(xiàn)在完成時

過去完成時

Shesaid.“Ihavelostapen.”

→Shesaidthatshehadlostapen.（4）一般過去時過去完成時注意（1）如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，直接引語變間接引語時，從句的時態(tài)不變。

Hesays,“I’mnotgoodatmath.Hesaysthatheisnotgoodatmath.注意（1）如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，直接引語變間接引語時，

(2)

當轉(zhuǎn)述客觀真理時，直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。如：He

said,

“The

moon

moves

around

the

earth.Hesaid

that

the

moon

moves

around

the

earth.(3)為了表示引述的狀態(tài)和情況到現(xiàn)在仍然是事實時，也經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：

Myteachersaid,“Tomisagoodstudent.”

MyteachersaidTomisagoodstudent.

記住:指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化直接引語間接引語指示代詞this,thesethat,those時間狀語nowtodayyesterdaytomorrowthisweeknextweek...thenthatdaythedaybeforethenextdaythatweek...thenextweek地點狀語herethere動詞comego記住:指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和直接引語間接引語指示代詞Summary1當直接引語是陳述句：由(that)引導(dǎo)主語+（said)that+句子（時態(tài)往過去推）

told2當直接引語是一般疑問句:由if引導(dǎo)

whether主語+（asked)if+一般疑問句(主謂結(jié)構(gòu)）

whether

Summary

3.當直接引語是特殊疑問句時，用原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)（what/where等）主語asked+what特殊疑問句（主謂）where

4.當直接引語是祈使句時用句型：主語+toldsb(not)todosthaskedordered3.當直接引語是特殊疑問句時，用原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)（1Thegirlsaid,“Iwillhaveaparty.”→Thegirlsaid(that)shewouldhaveaparty.2Heaskedme,“Isyourfatheradoctor?”→Heaskedmeif/whethermyfatherwasadoctor.3Thepoliceaskedtheman,“Whereareyougoing?”→