英語(yǔ)名詞性從句知識(shí)歸納

英語(yǔ)名詞性從句知識(shí)歸納英語(yǔ)名詞性從句知識(shí)歸納英語(yǔ)名詞性從句知識(shí)歸納xxx公司英語(yǔ)名詞性從句知識(shí)歸納文件編號(hào)：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計(jì)，管理制度名詞性從句知識(shí)歸納名詞性從句是指在句子中相當(dāng)于名詞的從句，主要包括主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。名詞性從句不是修飾性從句，而是復(fù)合句中的主干。.Thattheboyfailedagainintheexamdisappointedhismother.（主語(yǔ)從句）Iknowthatheiswritinghiscompositioninhisroom.（賓語(yǔ)從句）Thequestionishowwecanfinishitontime.（表語(yǔ)從句）ThefactthatsomeChinesearestillpoorisreallyagreatproblem.（同位語(yǔ)從句）名詞性從句的連接詞：從句有無(wú)疑問(wèn)含義是否有含義連接詞的作用是否引導(dǎo)從句是否可省略是否充當(dāng)從句中的成分充當(dāng)從句中的哪種成分連接詞=1\*ROMANIthat無(wú)無(wú)是一般可以否無(wú)if（只用于賓語(yǔ)從句中）,whether有“是否”是否否無(wú)asif/asthoughbecause（只用于表語(yǔ)從句中）無(wú)“好像”“因?yàn)椤笔欠穹駸o(wú)=2\*ROMANIIwhat,who,whom,which,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever有“什么，誰(shuí)，哪個(gè)，誰(shuí)的”，“任何事，任何人，任意哪個(gè)”是否是主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)=3\*ROMANIIIwhen,where,why,how,whenever,wherever有“什么時(shí)候，地點(diǎn)，為什么，怎樣”，“無(wú)論什么時(shí)候，無(wú)論哪里”是否是狀語(yǔ)一、賓語(yǔ)從句---及物動(dòng)詞、介詞、部分形容詞（certain,sure,glad,afraid,frightened,happy,pleased,sad,sorry,surprised,upset,satisfied等）后.Ibelieve(that)heishonest.(that不充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的任何成分，一般情況可省略)I’mgladthatyouaresatisfiedwithyourjob.(that不充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的任何成分)Hedoesn’tcareif/whetheritisn’tafineday.(if/whether不充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的任何成分)Pleasetellmewhatyouwant.(what充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的賓語(yǔ))Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.(how充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的狀語(yǔ))Idon’tbelievewhateverhesaid.(whatever充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的賓語(yǔ)，意為“任何事”)I’lltakewhoeverwantstogo.(whoever從當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的主語(yǔ)，意為“任何人”)【賓語(yǔ)從句要點(diǎn)拓展】1.that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)一般可以省略，若由and或or連接兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)從句中的that可以省略，而第二個(gè)分句前的that不可省略。.Hetoldme(that)theycouldnotdecidewhattodoandthattheyaskedmyadvice.2.whether和if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句一般可以互換使用，但以下情況只能使用whether(1)whether可與ornot連用.Iwanttoknowwhetherhewillseethefilmornot.(2)介詞賓語(yǔ)從句要用whether.Idon’tcareaboutwhetheryouhavemoneyornot.(3)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句只能放于in,except,besides和but四個(gè)介詞后.TheSwedestoodstill,exceptthathislipsmovedslightly.3.轉(zhuǎn)移否定---當(dāng)主句是I/Wethink(believe,consider,expect,suppose,guess,imagine)時(shí)，其后的賓語(yǔ)從句如果是否定形式，常把從句中的否定詞not轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。.Idon’tsuppose(that)itishisfault,isit4.時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題---賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)常受到主句時(shí)態(tài)影響，若主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，從句可用任何所需要的時(shí)態(tài)；若主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，從句一般用過(guò)去的某種形式，如：一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)等；當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。.Iknow(that)hedidn’ttellyouwhathewouldcomethen.Webelievedthathehadearnedenoughmoneytobuildahouse.TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmericaTheteachertoldusthatthesunrisesintheeast.5.一種特殊類型的賓語(yǔ)從句---在這種句子里doyouthink等意為插入語(yǔ)，但實(shí)為主句，因此余下部分應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序Wh-+doyouthink/believe/consider/suppose/guess/suggest/feel/say+余下部分.WheredoyouguessourartfestivalistobeheldWhodoyouthinkthepublicmightchooseastheirfavoritesingerthisyear二、主語(yǔ)從句---位于句首，常用it做形式主語(yǔ).Thathewillcomeandhelpyouiscertain.(that不充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的任何成分，不可省略)Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.(whether不充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的任何成分，不能用if)Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.(what充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的賓語(yǔ))Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.(who充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的主語(yǔ))WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.(where充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的狀語(yǔ))Whateverhesaidwasright.(whatever充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的賓語(yǔ))Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.(it為形式主語(yǔ)，代替how引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句)【主語(yǔ)從句要點(diǎn)拓展】1.it做形式主語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)(1)It’sapity/ashame/anhonor/afact/nowonder/commonsense/goodnewsthat…遺憾的是（榮耀的是、事實(shí)是、難怪是、常識(shí)是，好消息是……）.Itisapitythatyoudidn’tattendthelectureyesterday.(2)It’sclear/right/true/certain/necessary/(un)likely/important/(im)possible/obvious/remarkablethat………很清楚（正確，必要，重要，可能，值得注意等).Itislikelythattherewillbeasnowstormtomorrow.(3)Itiswell-known/reported/recorded/estimated/said/believedthat…眾所周知（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)記載，據(jù)估計(jì)，據(jù)說(shuō)，據(jù)人們相信)….Itissaidthathisfatherlefthimnothing.(4)Itturnsout/seems/appears/happens/matters…)that…結(jié)果是……（似乎是,碰巧是,重要的是……）.Ithappened(tome)thatIhadbeenawaywhenhecalled.2.it做形式主語(yǔ)與itis(was)…that…強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的區(qū)分.Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.解題方法：將itis/was…that去掉，看余下部分是否完整，若完整即為強(qiáng)調(diào)句式；反之為it作形式主語(yǔ)。三、表語(yǔ)從句---系動(dòng)詞后（常見(jiàn)系動(dòng)詞：be,look,remain,seem,appear等）.Theproblemisthattheycan’tgethereearlyenough.Thequestioniswhetherwecanreducethecostoftheproduct.Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.Thequestioniswho(whichofyou)willbethenextspeaker.Whathewantstogetiswhateveryouhave.Thisiswhereourproblemlies.Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.四、同位語(yǔ)從句---抽象名詞后（從句對(duì)抽象名詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明或解釋說(shuō)明抽象名詞的內(nèi)容）.Thenewsthathehadlandedonthemoonspreadallovertheworld.ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.

名詞性從句高考趨勢(shì)與考察重點(diǎn)一、語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題---名詞性從句內(nèi)部一律使用陳述語(yǔ)序注意以下句子：.Idon’tknowwhatisthematterwithhim.Ihavenoideawhatwasthematterwithhim.Couldyoutelluswhatwaswrong/thetroublewithhimyesterday二、從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣問(wèn)題1.主語(yǔ)從句：(1)Itisimportant/natural/necessary/essential/strange/that…(should)do…(2)Itissuggested/advised/demanded/ordered/requestedthat…(should)do….Itisimportantthateverystudent(should)learnaforeignlanguage.Itissuggestedthatstudents(should)checktheiranswersbeforehandinginthepaper.2.賓語(yǔ)從句：在表示“命令、要求、建議、決定”等意義的動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句常用“（should）+do”【insist（堅(jiān)持），order,urge,command（命令），require,request,demand（要求），advise,suggest,propose,recommend（建議）】.Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)giveupsmoking.3.表語(yǔ)從句：當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)為order,command,requirement,request,demand,advice,suggestion,proposal,recommendation等名詞時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“(should)do”的形式。.Myadviceisthatyou(should)takemorephysicalexercise.4.同位語(yǔ)從句：用于解釋order,command,requirement,request,demand,advice,suggestion,proposal,recommendation等名詞的同位語(yǔ)從句中常用“(should)do”結(jié)構(gòu).Englishteachersgiveadvicethatwe(should)makegooduseofeverychancetospeakEnglish.三、連接詞的選擇問(wèn)題1.doubt---doubt用于肯定結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，后面用whether引導(dǎo)名詞性從句；用于否定結(jié)構(gòu)或疑問(wèn)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，后面用that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。.Idoubtwhetherhetoldthetruth.Idon’tdoubtthathetoldthetruth.Thedoctor’sdoubtiswhethermymotherwillrecoverfromthediseasesoon．IhavenodoubtthatTomisatalentedactor.2.sure---besure用于肯定句或疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，后接that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句；用于否定句時(shí)，后接whether引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。.I’msurethatI’vefoundtheanswertothisquestion.Areyousurethatyou’vefoundtheanswertothisquestion.I’mnotsurewhetherI’vefoundtheanswertothisquestion.3.主語(yǔ)是reason時(shí)，表語(yǔ)要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because：.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.4.what和that---that在從句中不充當(dāng)成分，不含疑問(wèn)意義，而what在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，且含有疑問(wèn)意義。.ThatTomfelloffhischairbyaccidentgottheclassmateslaughing.WhatTomlearnedinuniversityhelpshimalotinhisjob.=AllthatTomlearnedinuniversityhelpshimalotinhisjob.5.連接詞wh-和wh-ever選擇---前者表示一個(gè)特指概念，引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句含有疑問(wèn)意義；后者表示一個(gè)泛指概念，意為“任何……”，引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句不含有疑問(wèn)意義，相當(dāng)于名詞后加一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。.Itwasamatterofwhowouldtaketheposition.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendofwhoeversharesherinterests.(=anyonewhosharesherinterests.)Theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo.(=anythingthathewantsthemtodo)6.This/Thatiswhy…和This/Thatisbecause….ThereasonwhyIcamelateisthatmycarbrokedownonthehalfway.→Hecamelate.That’sbecausehiscarbrokedown.→Hiscarbrokedownonthehalfway.That’swhyhecamelate.7.幾個(gè)特殊句型之間的轉(zhuǎn)換ItisknowntoallthatChinahasjoinedtheWTO.（主語(yǔ)從句，it做形式主語(yǔ)）Asisknowntoall,ChinahasjoinedtheWTO.（as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句）WhatisknowntoallisthatChinahasjoinedtheWTO.（主語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句）四、it的問(wèn)題1.it做形式主語(yǔ)（注意與強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的辨別）.ItwasmyfaultthatIhadhimplayfootballallafternoon. Itisimportantthatweshouldgototheschooltotalkwiththeteacher.2.it做形式賓語(yǔ)---V+it+adj./n.+todo/賓從(V可以為make,find,feel,think,believe,consider,guess,suppose等).Ithinkitnecessarythatwetake