考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南京森林警察學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南京森林警察學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Hismotherscannedhisfacetoseeifhewastellingthetruth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.indicated

B.scrutinized

C.caressed

D.penetrated

【答案】D

【解析】考查同義動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)indicated“表明，顯示，象征，暗示”；B選項(xiàng)scrutinized“仔細(xì)查看；認(rèn)真檢查；細(xì)致審查”，表示用挑剔的眼光以及對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)苛求的態(tài)度檢查；C選項(xiàng)caressed“撫摸，愛(ài)撫”；D選項(xiàng)penetrated“看透；透過(guò)……看見(jiàn)，洞察；發(fā)現(xiàn)；揭示”。句意：他母親審視著他的臉，想看看他是否在說(shuō)真話。Scan“細(xì)看；察看；審視；端詳”。D選項(xiàng)與scan意思最接近，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Tosaythatasoldierfoughtinbattlelikelionmaybeadescriptive（

）,butitdoesnotmeanthathewasonallfoursroaringandwagginghistail.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.analogue

B.analogy

C.analytic

D.node

【答案】B

【解析】句意:將一個(gè)在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的戰(zhàn)士說(shuō)成獅子一樣可能是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的比喻，但是這并不意味著他四肢著地?fù)u著尾巴大聲咆哮著。

形近詞辨析。Analogue類似物，相似物;analogy比喻，相似;analytic分解的;anode陽(yáng)極。題目中的Tosaythatasoldierfoughtinbattlelikelion這個(gè)部分是將戰(zhàn)士比喻成獅子。故選B。

3.單選題

JamesJoycewasanIrishnovelistwhorevolutionizedthemethodsofdepictingcharactersanddevelopingaplotinmodernfiction.Hisastonishingwayof（1）anovel,hisfrankportrayalofhuman

（2）

inhisbooks,andhiscompletecommandofEnglishhave

（3）

himoneoftheoutstandinginfluencesonliteratureinthe20thcentury.Many

（4）

judgethatheissecondonlytoShakespeareinhis

（5）

oftheEnglishlanguage.JoycewasdeeplyinfluencedbyIrelandand

（6）

allhisbooksaboutDublin.

WhenhewasinDublinCollege,he

（7）

languagesandspenthissparetimereadingbooks.He

（8）

totakepartinthenationalist

（9）

likehisfellowstudents,buthebecame

（10）

interestedinliterature.Hewroteoutspoken

（11）

ofliterarycriticismthatshockedhisteachersandeventaughthimselfNorwegiansothathecouldreadIbsen’sworksinthe

（12）.

Whenhegraduatedin1902,he

（13）

hewouldbecomeawriterandan

（14）

,becausehefelthecouldnotbeone

（15）

theother.Inordertopreservehisidealofwriting

（16）

,fully,andasobjectivelyasheknewhow,

（17）

thepeopleandplacesheknewbest,hehadtoescapefromall

（18）

tobecomeinvolvedinpopular

（19）

orpubliclife.HewenttoFrance,ItalyandSwitzerland,wherehelivedin

（20）

andobscurityforthefirst20years,onlyreturningtoIrelandwhenhismotherwasdying.Exceptforacoupleofbrieftrips,hestayedabroadallhislife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.investigating

B.constructing

C.depicting

D.experiencing

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.nature

B.method

C.surrounding

D.figure

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.performed

B.magnified

C.exaggerated

D.made

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.wearing

B.worn

C.critics

D.takingoff

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.mastery

B.acquisition

C.familiarity

D.acquaintance

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.unscripted

B.illuminated

C.documented

D.wrote

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.attempted

B.persuaded

C.studied

D.undertook

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.accepted

B.refused

C.persevered

D.admitted

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.movement

B.revolution

C.campaign

D.challenge

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.passionately

B.addicted

C.fascinated

D.unconcerned

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.journals

B.articles

C.argumentations

D.paintings

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.primary

B.artificial

C.rendered

D.original

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.sensed

B.knew

C.presented

D.suggested

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.exile

B.imprisonment

C.obtrude

D.expire

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.without

B.withstand

C.withdraw

D.withhold

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.mutably

B.truthfully

C.ephemerally

D.filially

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.about

B.hither

C.within

D.beneath

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.tabernacles

B.reiteration

C.temptations

D.reimbursement

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.recognition

B.publication

C.impact

D.opinion

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.tranquility

B.poverty

C.exhilaration

D.matriculation

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

第6題:D

第7題:C

第8題:B

第9題:A

第10題:A

第11題:B

第12題:D

第13題:B

第14題:A

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:A

第18題:C

第19題:D

第20題:B

【解析】（1）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。investigate“調(diào)查；研究”；construct“建造，創(chuàng)立”；depict“描述”；experience“經(jīng)驗(yàn)；體驗(yàn)”。由anIrishnovelist與anovel可知B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)義。答案B。

（2）考查名詞詞義辨析。nature“性質(zhì)”；method“方法”；surrounding“環(huán)境”；figure“數(shù)字”。由portrayal及human可知這里指代人物本性。答案A。

（3）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。perform“執(zhí)行”；magnify“放大”；exaggerate“使擴(kuò)大；使增大”；make“制造；形成”。由himoneoftheoutstandinginfluencesonliterature可知答案為D。

（4）考查動(dòng)詞及名詞詞義辨析。wearing“穿著”；worn“疲倦的；用舊的”；critics“評(píng)論家；吹毛求疵的人”；takingoff“測(cè)量；減退”。由judge可知C項(xiàng)符合題意，答案C。

（5）考查名詞詞義辨析。mastery“掌握”；acquisition“獲得”；familiarity“熟悉”；acquaintance“熟人；知道”。由Shakespeare及theEnglishlanguage知A項(xiàng)正確，答案A。

（6）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。unscripted“不用稿子的”；illuminate“闡明；照亮”；document“用文件證明”；

write“書寫；寫信給”。由allhisbooksaboutDublin可知D項(xiàng)正確，答案D。

（7）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。attempt“企圖，嘗試”；persuade“說(shuō)服；勸說(shuō)”；study“學(xué)習(xí)；細(xì)察”；undertake“承擔(dān)；從事”。由“inDublinCollege及“l(fā)anguages可知C項(xiàng)正確。答案C。

（8）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。accept“接受；容納”；refuse“拒絕；抵制”；persevere“堅(jiān)持；不屈不撓”；admit“承認(rèn)；準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入”。由“but”可知這里指代“拒絕參加”。答案B。

（9）考查固定搭配。movement“運(yùn)動(dòng)；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”；revolution“革命；運(yùn)行”；campaign“運(yùn)動(dòng)”；challenge“挑戰(zhàn)；懷疑”。由歷史常識(shí)“愛(ài)爾蘭有反對(duì)英國(guó)統(tǒng)治的民族主義運(yùn)動(dòng)歷史”及固定搭配nationalistmovement知A項(xiàng)符合題意。答案A。

（10）考查副詞及形容詞詞義辨析。passionately“熱情地；激昂地”；addicted“沉溺于”；fascinated“著迷的”；unconcerned“不關(guān)心的；無(wú)憂慮的”。interestedinliterature中interested為形容詞，需用一個(gè)副詞來(lái)修飾interested,A項(xiàng)符合題意。答案A。

（11）考查名詞詞義辨析。journal“日?qǐng)?bào)，日記”；article“文章；條款”；argumentation“論證；辯論”；painting“繪畫”。由wrote及ofliteraiycriticism可知B項(xiàng)符合題意。答案B。

（12）考查形容詞詞義辨析。primary“主要的；基本的”；artificial“仿造的”；rendered“已渲染的”；original“原始的；新穎的”。由eventaughthimselfNorwegian及“readIbsen’sworks可知這里指代“閱讀易卜生用挪威語(yǔ)寫的原著”，故答案D。

（13）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。sense感覺(jué)到；know“知道”；present“提出；呈現(xiàn)；贈(zèng)送”；suggest“提議；暗示”。由hewouldbecomeawriter及becausehefelt可知B項(xiàng)符合題意，答案B。

（14）考查動(dòng)詞及名詞詞義辨析。exile“流放，離鄉(xiāng)背井者”；imprisonment“監(jiān)禁；坐牢”；obtrude“逼使；強(qiáng)迫”；expire“呼出（氣體），排出”。由awriter可知這里應(yīng)填名詞，由此排除C項(xiàng)與D項(xiàng)；再由最后一段中“...hestayedabroadallhislife它一生待在國(guó)外”知“離鄉(xiāng)背井者”符合，故答案A。

（15）考查介詞及動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。without“沒(méi)有”；withstand“抵擋；反抗”；withdraw“撤退；撤銷”；withhold“保留;抑制”。由空格前“hewouldbecomeawriterandan...”、“one”與“theother”分別指代一種身份知空格處應(yīng)填一個(gè)表示“沒(méi)有”意思的介詞，故本題答案選項(xiàng)為A。

（16）考查副詞詞義辨析。mutably“無(wú)常地”；truthfully“誠(chéng)實(shí)地”；ephemerally“短暫地”；filially“孝順地”。由Inordertopreservehisidealofwriting及fully、asobjectivelyasheknewhow可知“誠(chéng)實(shí)地”符合題意，答案B。

（17）考查介詞和副詞詞義辨析。about關(guān)于；大約”；hither“到這里；在這里”；within“在······之內(nèi)”;beneath“在······之下”。由Inordertopreservehisidealofwriting知本題答案為A。

（18）考查名詞詞義辨析。tabernacle“臨時(shí)房屋；神龕”；reiteration“重復(fù)；重說(shuō)”；temptation“引誘；誘惑物”；reimbursement“退還；賠償”。由becomeinvolvedinpopular（

）orpubliclife可知本題答案C。

（19）考查名詞詞義辨析。recognition“承認(rèn)，認(rèn)出；公認(rèn)”；publication“出版；出版物”；impact“影響”；opinion“意見(jiàn)，觀點(diǎn)”。由orpubliclife可知D項(xiàng)正確，答案D。

（20）考查名詞詞義辨析。tranquility“寧?kù)o；平靜”；poverty“貧窮；困難”；exhilaration“興奮；歡欣”；matriculation“入學(xué)考試；錄取入學(xué)”。由obscurity可知本題答案為B。

4.單選題

Wearemeanttolivedangerouslyandshouldnotbesheltered.Lifeisaperilousadventure;itsrichnessisinits（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hazards

B.security

C.peace

D.length

【答案】A

【解析】句意:人生來(lái)就是要去冒險(xiǎn)的,而不應(yīng)該生活在庇護(hù)之下;生命就是一場(chǎng)危機(jī)四伏的冒險(xiǎn),它的豐富多彩就在于它的危險(xiǎn)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

5.翻譯題

Putthefollowing10sentencesintoChinese.

Thepurposebehindsuchattemptsistoinfluencepublicopinionandjustifytheaggressivewar.

Ibelieve,therearefewinEnglandwhoknowmeatallwhodonotknowmeasanIrishCatholic.

Booksarethebest,wellused;abused,amongtheworst.

Ifaspecificrelationshipseemstobetrueinanumberofcases,withoutanyexceptions,thenitmaybehypothesizedthattherelationshipholdsingeneral.

Largefieldsofthesamecropalsoresultinrapidmultiplicationofdestructiveinsects.

Marketresearchisastudyoftherequirementsofvariousmarkets,theacceptabilityofproducts,andthemethodsofdevelopingorexploitingnewmarkets.

Withmoreandmorewomenenteringtherankofmanagement,researchersbegintoexploretherelationshipbetweengenderandleadership.

Cultureisactivityofthought,andreceptivenesstobeautyandhumanefeeling.Scrapsofinformationhavenothingtodowithit.

ManyscientificinventionsorestablishmentsoriginatedfromEuropewerefirsttobeappliedorimplementedinUSA.

Itisunavoidablethatpeopleoftwogenerationsandeventhoseofthesameagedifferintheirvaluesandpursuits.

【答案】這種做法背后的目的就是為了影響公眾的想法以及證明這場(chǎng)侵略戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的合法性。

我相信，在英格蘭凡是認(rèn)識(shí)我的人，幾乎都知道我是個(gè)愛(ài)爾蘭天主教徒。

如果利用得當(dāng)，書籍就是最好的朋友；反之，如果濫用，它就會(huì)變成最壞的東西了。

如果某一特定的關(guān)系在很多情況下都正確，且無(wú)一例外，則可以假定，該關(guān)系可以成立。

大片相同的作物也會(huì)導(dǎo)致破壞性昆蟲的快速增殖。

市場(chǎng)研究是研究不同的市場(chǎng)的需求、產(chǎn)品的可接受性、發(fā)展或者開發(fā)新市場(chǎng)的方法。

隨著越來(lái)越多的女性進(jìn)入管理層，研究人員開始探索性別和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力之間的關(guān)系。

文化素養(yǎng)是一種思想活動(dòng)，具有對(duì)美和人情感悟能力。道聽(tīng)途說(shuō)的點(diǎn)滴知識(shí)與此完全是兩碼事。

許多起源于歐洲的科學(xué)發(fā)明或者機(jī)構(gòu)首次在美國(guó)被應(yīng)用或者實(shí)現(xiàn)。

兩代人甚至同齡人之間在價(jià)值觀和追求上的差異是不可避免的。

6.單選題

TheSmithswentintothedepartmentstoretobuythings,leavingtheircar’sengine（）over.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ticking

B.tumbling

C.turning

D.running

【答案】C

【解析】tickover進(jìn)展緩慢；tumbleover打翻；turnover發(fā)動(dòng)；runover復(fù)查。句意：史密斯一家到百貨公司購(gòu)物，沒(méi)有關(guān)掉車的引擎。也就是說(shuō)車的引擎還發(fā)動(dòng)著，選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

7.單選題

Diseasesofthetwenty-firstcenturyareinevitablybedifferentfromthoseofthetwentiethcentury;justasourpresentillnesseshavebeenquitedifferentfromthoseofthenineteenthcentury.Althoughourhealthisimprovinginmanywaysandwearelivinglongerthaninpreviousdecades,newdiseasesandconditionsthreatenthequalityofourlives.Wehavealreadyobservedsomesignificantchangesinthe1980sthatforetoldwhathealthproblemslieaheadinthetwenty-firstcentury:

Diseasesoftheimmunesystem,notjustAIDSbutvariousconditionsofadeficientoroveractiveimmunesystem,havereachedepidemicproportions.

Thenumberofpeoplesufferingfromviralconditionsthatareincurablewithconventionaltherapiesisincreasing,andthenumberofnewlydefinedviralconditions,suchastheEpstein-BarrVirusandcytomegalovirus,isalsoincreasingsignificantly.

Moreandmorebacterialinfectionsarebecomingresistanttocommonlyusedantibioticsandarerequiringstrongerantibiotics,whichalsoarenetalwayssuccessfulincuringtheinfections.

Allergiestofoods,tocommonsubstancessuchasanimalhairsandhousedust,andtonewchemicalsarebecomingmoreprevalent.OneinsevenAmericanshadanallergyin1950,asmanyasoneinfivehadanallergyin1970,andapproximately75millionAmericans,ornearlyoneinthree,hadanallergyin1985.

Chronicdisabilityisaffectingpeoplemorefrequentlyatyoungerandyoungerages.AccordingtotheNationalCenterforHealthStatistics,thepercentageofchildrenunder17yearsofagewhoarelimitedinactivityduetochronicconditionsincreasedby86%from1967to1979.

Mentaldiseaseisaffectingmoreandmorepeople.TheNationalInstituteofMentalHealthestimatedin1984thatoneineveryfiveAmericanshadamentaldisorder.Thissamestudyrevealedthat,duringasix-monthperiod,8.3%ofAmericanssufferedfromananxietydisorder,6.4%hadanalcoholordrugproblem,and6%hadamooddisorder.

Inadditiontothesevarioustrends,oneofthemoresignificantfactsthatwillaffectthefutureofhealthcareisthatlargerpercentageofthepopulationwillbeover65yearsold.AccordingtoprojectionsbytheUSBureauoftheCensus,thesizeoftheAmericanpopulationOver65in1985willhavedoubledby2030.

Futuristsgenerallyassumethattwenty-firstcenturymedicinewillincludenewandmore-powerfuldrugsandvariousinnovativetechnologicalinterventions.However,futuriststendtoignoretheseriousproblemspresentlyarisingfromconventionalmedications.Accordingto1986statistics,theaverageAmericanreceives7.5prescriptionsayeahThisisaparticularlyfrighteningnumberbecauseweallknowtherearepeoplewhohavenotbeenprescribedanymedicationsinthepastyear,whichmeansthatsomeoneelseisgettingtheir7.5drugs.

Sincemostdrugshavesideeffects,someofwhicharequiteserious,andsincethesickpersonisoftenprescribedseveraldrugsatthesametime,anyofwhichmayhaveevengreaterpotentialforsideeffects,itisnowonderthat50%ofthetimepeopledonotevengettheirdrugprescriptionsfilled.Additionallyvariousstudieshaveindicatedthat25%to90%ofthetimepatientsmakeerrorsinadministeringthemedicines.Despitetherespectthatpeoplegenerallyshowinwardpresent-dayphysicians,theredoesnotseemtobeequalconfidenceinthetreatmentstheyprescribe.

1.Thatdiseasesofthe21stcenturyaredifferentfromthoseof20thcenturyis（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutdiseasesoftheimmunesystem?

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

4.Wemayinferfromthepassagethat（）.

5.AccordingtotheNationalInstituteofMentalHealth,in1984,（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whatscientistsareworriedabout

B.awell-groundedstatement

C.drawnonchangesinthemedicalprofession

D.notnecessarilytrue

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.TheyrefertoAIDSonly.

B.Theybecomeepidemicinthe21stcentury.

C.Theycropupinvariousorgans.

D.Theymakepatientsoveractiveandfeelrestless.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Casesofchronicdisabilityincreasedbyanalarmingrateof86%inthelate1980s.

B.Chronicdisabilityusedtoaffectoldpeopleonly.

C.Chronicdisabilitycausessomepeopletobelimitedinactivity.

D.Chronicdisabilityhasincreasedgreatlyamongtheteenagers.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.manyofthe21stcenturydiseasesarecloselyrelatedtotheenvironment

B.theaveragelifespanwillbecomestilllongerdespiteallthefuturediseases

C.man'sabilitytoresistdiseaseswillnotchangewithtime

D.peopleofthe21stcenturyknowbetterhowtomakefulluseoftheirprescribedmedicine.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.25%oftheAmericanshadamentaldisorder

B.doctorspredictedthatthementalcaseswouldbedeclininginthe21thcentury

C.thesizeoftheAmericanpopulationover65withmentaldisorderswasdoubled

D.casesofmentaldisordersincreasedquickly

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.本題可采用排除法。選項(xiàng)A在文中沒(méi)有提及科學(xué)家們的擔(dān)心,所以不正確；根據(jù)第一段第一句“Diseasesofthetwenty-firstcenturyareinevitablybedifferentfromthoseofthetwentiethcentury;”可知選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤；結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,本文講述的是20世紀(jì)存在的事實(shí),由此可知是對(duì)21世紀(jì)的推測(cè),所以選項(xiàng)B表述也不正確；只有選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知,免疫系統(tǒng)疾病,不僅是艾滋病,甚至包括免疫系統(tǒng)缺陷或過(guò)度活躍的各種情況,都已達(dá)到流行病的程度。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第六段第一句“Chronicdisabilityisaffectingpeoplemorefrequentlyatyoungerandyoungerages.”可知,選項(xiàng)B不正確。

4.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第一句,除了這些不同的趨勢(shì)之外,影響醫(yī)療保健未來(lái)的一個(gè)更重要的事實(shí)是,65歲以上的人口比例將更大。也就是說(shuō),盡管未來(lái)會(huì)有各種疾病,但人類的平均壽命將會(huì)變得更長(zhǎng)。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“theNationalInstituteofMentalHealth”定位到倒數(shù)第四段,根據(jù)上下文,精神疾病正在影響越來(lái)越多的人,每五個(gè)美國(guó)人中就有一個(gè)患有精神障礙。由此可知,精神疾病的病例迅速增加。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

8.單選題

Ihadanexperiencesomeyearsagowhichtaughtmesomethingaboutthewaysinwhichpeoplemakeabadsituationworsebyblamingthemselves.OneJanuary,Ihadtoofficiateattwofuneralsonsuccessivedaysfor“fullofyears”astheBiblewouldsay;bothyieldedtothenormalwearingoutofthebodyafteralongandfulllife.Theirhomeshappenedtobeneareachother,soIpaidcondolencecallsonthetwofamiliesonthesameafternoon.

Atthefirsthome,thesonofthedeceasedwomansaidtome,“IfonlyIhadsentmymothertoFloridaandgottenheroutofthiscoldandsnow,shewouldbealivetoday.It’smyfaultthatshedied.”Atthesecondhome,thesonoftheotherdeceasedwomansaid,“IfonlyIhadn’tinsistedonmymother’sgoingtoFlorida,shewouldbealivetoday.Thatlongairplaneride,theabruptchangeofclimate,wasmorethanshecouldtake.It’smyfaultthatshe’sdead.”

Whenthingsdon’tturnoutaswewouldlikethemto,itisverytemptingtoassumethathadwedonethingsdifferently,thestorywouldhavehadahappierending.Priestsknowthatanytimethereisadeath,thesurvivorswillfeelguilty.Becausethecourseofactiontheytookturnedoutbadly,theybelievedthattheoppositecourse—keepingMotherathome,postponingtheoperationthatwouldhaveturnedoutbetter.Afterall,howcouldhaveturnedoutanyworse?

Thereseemtobetwoelementsinvolvedinourreadinesstofeelguilty.Thefirstisourpressingneedtobelievethattheworldmakessense,thatthereisacauseforeveryeffectandareasonforeverythingthathappens.Thatleadsustofindpatternsandconnectionsbothwheretheyreallyexistandwheretheyexistonlyinourminds.

Thesecondelementisthenotionthatwearethecauseofwhathappens,especiallythebadthingsthathappen.Itseemstobeashortstepfrombelievingthateveryeventhasacausetobelievingthateverydisasterisourfault.Therootsoffeelingmaylieinourchildhood.Psychologistsspeakoftheinfantilemythofomnipotence.Ababycomestothinkthattheworldexiststomeethisneeds,andthathemakeseverythinghappeninit.Hewakesupinthemorningandsummonstherestoftheworldtoitstasks.Hecries,andsomeonecomestoattendtohim.Whenheishungry,peoplefeedhim,andwhenheiswet,peoplechangehim.Veryoften,wedonotcompletelyoutgrowthatinfantilenotionthatourwishescausethingstohappen.

1.Whatissaidaboutthetwodeceasedelderlywoman?

2.Theauthorhadtoconductthetwowomen’sfuneralsprobablybecause（

）.

3.Peoplefeelguiltyforthedeathsoftheirlovedonesbecause

（

）.

4.Inthecontextofthepassage,“...theworldmakessense”(Line2,Para.4)probablymeansthat

（

）.

5.Peoplehavebeenmadetobelievesinceinfancythat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theylivedoutanaturallife.

B.Theydiedofexhaustionafterthelongplaneride.

C.Theyweren’taccustomedtothechangeinweather.

D.Theydiedduetolackofcarebyfamilymembers.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.hewantedtoconsolethetwofamilies

B.hewasanofficialfromthecommunity

C.hehadgreatsympathyforthedeceased

D.hewaspriestofthelocalchurch

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theycouldn’tfindabetterwaytoexpresstheirgrief

B.theybelievethattheywereresponsible

C.theyhadneglectedthenaturalcourseofevents

D.theydidn’tknowthingsoftenturnoutintheoppositedirection

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.everythingintheworldispredetermined

B.theworldcanbeinterpretedindifferentways

C.there’sanexplanationforeverythingintheworld

D.wehavetobesensibleinordertounderstandtheworld

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.everybodyisattheircommand

B.lifeanddeathisanunsolvedmystery

C.everystoryshouldhaveahappyending

D.theirwishesarethecauseofeverythingthathappens

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段的OneJanuary,Ihadtoofficiateattwofuneralsonsuccessivedaysfor“fullofyears”astheBiblewouldsay;bothyieldedtothenormalwearingoutofthebodyafteralongandfulllife(那是在一月，我連著為兩位年邁的老人主持葬禮,正如圣經(jīng)中所說(shuō)，這兩位老人都是在經(jīng)歷了漫長(zhǎng)和完整的人生之后的身體正常耗盡)可知選項(xiàng)A“兩位老人終其天年”與文章意思相符。

2.判斷推理題。題目是問(wèn)“作者需要為兩位老人辦理喪事的原因有可能是什么。選項(xiàng)A:因?yàn)樽髡呦氚参窟@兩個(gè)家，B:因?yàn)樽髡呤悄莻€(gè)社區(qū)的公務(wù)人員，C:因?yàn)樽髡邔?duì)死者懷有無(wú)限同情和D:因?yàn)樽髡呤钱?dāng)?shù)亟烫玫哪翈?，并且根?jù)原文Ihadtoofficiateattwofuneralsonsuccessivedaysfor“fullofyears”as...中的關(guān)鍵詞officiate“主持宗教儀式”和onsuccessivedays“連續(xù)”可知極有可能的原因是選項(xiàng)D。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息Peoplefeelguiltyforthedeathsoftheirloved定位至第三段:Priestsknowthatanytimethereisadeath,thesurvivorswillfeelguilty.,而后面緊接著說(shuō)到原因:Becausethecourseofactiontheytookturnedoutbadly,theybelievedthattheoppositecourse—keepingMotherathome,postponingtheoperationthatwouldhaveturnedoutbetter(當(dāng)他們的行動(dòng)計(jì)劃引起了壞的結(jié)果時(shí)，他們就會(huì)相信如果當(dāng)初采取不同的行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，如將母親留在家里以及將計(jì)劃延期，那么結(jié)果就會(huì)好很多)，由此可知人們通常會(huì)對(duì)至親的去世感到內(nèi)疚是因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為自己對(duì)于至親的去世負(fù)有貴任，即選項(xiàng)B。

4.語(yǔ)義題。第四段主要是對(duì)我們常常會(huì)感到自責(zé)的原因之一的介紹，根據(jù)這—段中的Thefirstisourpressingneedtobelievethattheworldmakessense,thatthereisacauseforeveryeffectandareasonforeverythingthathappens.“一方面是因?yàn)槲覀兎浅Ｏ嘈攀澜缱杂衅涞览?，也就是說(shuō)世間的一切都有某發(fā)生存在的原因”可知theworldmakessense意思是世間的一切都有其發(fā)生存在的原因，故答案選項(xiàng)為C。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章最后一句話Veryoften,wedonotcompletelyoutgrowthatinfantilenotionthatourwishescausethingstohappen.“通常，我們都沒(méi)有從那個(gè)嬰兒時(shí)期形成的觀念中擺脫出來(lái)，即一切事件都發(fā)生都取決于我們自身的意念”，故答案選項(xiàng)為D“他們自身的意念是導(dǎo)致一切發(fā)生的根本原因”。

9.翻譯題

Happinessisabyproductofsomethingelse.Themostobvioussourcesarethosepursuitsthatgiveourlivespurpose—anythingfromstudyinginsectstoplayingbaseball.Themorepassionswehave,themorehappinesswearelikelytoexperience.Finally,thebeliefthatsomethingpermanenttranscendsusandthatourexistencehassomelargermeaningcanhelpusbehappier.Weneedaspiritualfaith,oraphilosophyoflife.Whateveryourphilosophy,itshouldincludethistruism:ifyouchoosetofindtheawful,youwillbecursed.Aswithhappinessitself,thisislargelyyourdecisiontomake.

【答案】幸福是由其他東西附帶來(lái)的。最明顯的來(lái)源就是那些賦予我們生活以目的的追求——從研究昆蟲到打棒球都是。我們感興趣的事情越多，我們就越能感受到幸福。最終，相信某種永恒的東西可以超越我們，相信我們的存在有更大的意義，這樣的信念可以使我們更快樂(lè)。我們需要一種精神信仰，或者說(shuō)一種生活哲學(xué)。無(wú)論你的哲學(xué)是什么，它都應(yīng)該包含這樣一個(gè)不言自明的道理：如果你選擇尋找可怕的東西，那么你將會(huì)被詛咒。就像幸福本身一樣，這在很大程度上取決于你的決定。

10.翻譯題

WehavenoideaifonlineadsworkInthesummerof2003,ViacomexecutiveMelKarmazinmanagedtosumupoldmedia’shorroroftheInternetwithoneofbusinesslore’sgreatestvulgaron-liners.Karmazin,aswaggeringformeradsalesmanandonetimeCBSCorporationpresident,hadmadeanexpeditiontocheckoutSiliconValley'shottestyoungupstart:Google.Sittinginthefuturesearchgiant’soffices,helistenedindismayasitsfounders,LarryPageandSergeyBrin,anditsCEO,EricSchmidt,detailedthemanywaystheircompanycouldtrackandanalyzetheeffectivenessofonlineadvertising.Thiscouldnotpossiblybegoodforbusiness,Karmazinthought,1.Ithadalwaysbeennearlyimpossibleformarketerstotellwhichoftheiradsworkedandwhichdidn’tandthelesstheyknew,themoreanetworklikeCBScouldchargefora30-secondspot.Artwasfarmoreprofitablethanscience.

Adecadelater,someonefinallyseemstobe,well,messingwithGoogle'sownbagoftricks.Lastyear,agroupofeconomistsworkingwitheBay’sinternalresearchlabissuedamassiveexperimentalstudywithasimplestartlingconclusion:Foralarge,well-knownbrand,searchadsareprobablyworthless.2.Thismonth,theirfindingswerere-releasedasaworkingpaperbytheNationalBureauofEconomicResearchandgreetedwitharoundofcoverageaskingwhetherInternetadvertisingofanykindworksatall.

“Weknowalotlessthantheadvertisingindustrywouldlikeustothinkweknow,"StevenTadelis,oneoftheeBaystudy’sco-authors,toldme.

AskGoogle.FacebookorTwitter,ofcourse,andthey’llreliablybustoutthird-partyresearchexplainingthattheiradsworkjustfine,evenifconsumersdon’talwaysclickonthem.Anentireecosystemofanalyticscompanies,includingbignameslikeComScoreandNielsen,hasevolvedtotellclientswhichonlineadvertisementsgivethemthebiggestbangfortheirbucks,Especiallycutting-edgefirms,suchasDialogic.Haveevenfoundwaystodrawcorrelationsbetweentheadsconsumersseeonlineandwhattheybuyinstores.Weareswimmingindata.3.AndthereareplentyofprofessionalsouttherehappytotellcorporateAmericawhatallthatdatameans,withthehelpofsomefancymathematicalmodels.

Theproblem,accordingtoTadelisandothers,isthatmuchofthedatawebsitesgenerateismoreorlessuseless.Someoftheproblemsarepracticallyasoleasmarkingitself.Forinstance,companiesliketorunlargeadcampaignsduringmajorshoppingseasons,likeChristmas.ButifsalesdoublecomeDecember,it’shardtosaywhethertheadortheholidaywasresponsible.Companiesalsounderstandablyliketotargetaudiencestheythinkwilllikewhatthey’reselling.Butthatalwaysleadstothenaggingquestionofwhetherthecustomerwouldhavegoneandpurchasedtheproductregardless.Economistscallthisissue“endogeneity.”DerekThompsonattheAtlanticdubsittheI-was-gonna-buy-it-anywayproblem.”

ButtheInternetalsogunksupattemptsatanalysisinitsownspecialways.Forinstance,ifsomebodysearchesfor“Amazon,bananaslicer,”andclicksonasearchadthatpopsuprightnexttohisresults,chancesarehewouldhavemadeittoAmazon’ssitewithouttheextranudge.EvenifhenevertypedthewordAinzaon,hestillmighthavegottentothesitethroughthenaturalpowerofsearch.4.Intheend,itallcomesdowntotheevergreenchallengeofdistinguishingcorrelation(e.gaFaccebookusersawanadandthenboughtsomeshoes)fromcausation(e.g.,aFacebookuserboughtsomeshoesbecausehesawanad).

Thereis,however,awaytogetaroundthesehurdles.Runanalyticscompaniesdon’tdothat,relyinginsteadonelaboratestatisticalregressionsthattrytoflaweddata.Butit’stherouteTapeless—nowabusinessprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley—andhiscollaboratorstookwitheBay.5.Intheirfirsttest,theresearcherslookedatwhatwouldhappenifthecompanystoppedbuyingadsnexttoitsownname,whichseemedlikethemostobviouswasteofmoney.Todoso,theypulledtheadsfromYahooandMSNbutleftthemrunningonGoogle.Itturnedout,theadvertisingmadevirtuallynodifference.YeteBaywasspendingdollarseverytimeacustomerclickedanadinsteadofthelinksittingrightbelowit.

【答案】1.營(yíng)銷人員通常幾乎不可能告訴他們哪些廣告有效，哪些沒(méi)有。而且他們知道得越少，像CBS這樣的網(wǎng)絡(luò)可能會(huì)在30秒內(nèi)索要越多的費(fèi)用。

2.本月，研究調(diào)查結(jié)果由國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)研究局作為工作文件而重新發(fā)布，并引發(fā)了一輪關(guān)于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)廣告是否有效的討論。

3.有很多專業(yè)人士樂(lè)于借助一些奇特的數(shù)學(xué)模型，告訴美國(guó)企業(yè)所有數(shù)據(jù)的含義。

4.最后，這一切都?xì)w結(jié)于一個(gè)長(zhǎng)久的挑戰(zhàn)：區(qū)分相關(guān)性（比如，一個(gè)臉書用戶看了一個(gè)廣告，然后買了雙鞋）與因果關(guān)系（比如，一個(gè)臉書用戶買了一雙鞋，是因?yàn)榭吹搅艘粋€(gè)廣告）。

5.在第一次測(cè)試中，研究人員研究了如果該公司停止以自己的名義購(gòu)買廣告將會(huì)發(fā)生什么，這似乎明顯浪費(fèi)了錢。

11.單選題

Greatandsignificantmusiccan,however,bewrittenonthemesthatare,inthemselves,（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.quitelovely

B.verymagnificent

C.intriguing

D.trivial

【答案】B

【解析】magnificent壯麗的,宏偉的；intriguing有趣的,迷人的；trivial瑣碎的。句意：然而,偉大而有意義的音樂(lè)可以寫在本身就非常宏偉的主題上。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

12.單選題

Theproblemwith（）biologicalinventions—unlike,say,gunsandexplosives—isthatoncereleased,theycanbreedbythemselves.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vicious

B.ferocious

C.malicious

D.malevolent

【答案】C

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)vicious“惡毒的，惡意的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“狂暴的；殘酷的”；B選項(xiàng)ferocious“殘忍的，驚人的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“暴力的”；C選項(xiàng)malicious“蓄意的，懷恨的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是懷有惡意的；D選項(xiàng)malevolent“惡毒的，壞心腸的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“人的心腸壞”。句意：與槍支和爆炸物等不同，惡毒生物的發(fā)明，其問(wèn)題在于，一旦被釋放，它們可以自行繁殖。這里是指懷有惡意的生物學(xué)上的發(fā)明，所以選項(xiàng)C更符合語(yǔ)境。

13.填空題

Therearesignsthatspecialistsonthefamilyarebecomingmoreawareofthepartmenplayandthattheyhavedecidedthatwomenshouldnotreceiveallthecredit—andalltheblame.Wehavealmostgivenupsayingthatawoman’s

A

B

C

D

placeisinthehome.

【答案】Candalltheblame改為noralltheblame

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】句間邏輯。

【解題思路】前面說(shuō)到意識(shí)到男性的作用，可知后面表達(dá)的意思是不要把女性的作用放得那么大，也就是不要把功過(guò)都?xì)w結(jié)于女性，notreceiveallthecredit對(duì)應(yīng)的應(yīng)該是noralltheblame。

【句意】有跡象表明，家庭專家越來(lái)越意識(shí)到男性所起的作用，他們認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該把所有的功勞都?xì)w于女性，也不應(yīng)該把所有的過(guò)錯(cuò)都?xì)w女性。我們幾乎放棄了“女性應(yīng)該呆在家里”的說(shuō)法。

14.單選題

Theteacherwantedtomakethestudentsrealizethatreadinggoodliteratureisagoodwaytobroadentheir（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vision

B.horizon

C.scope

D.expansion

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。vision“幻覺(jué)”;horizon“眼界，地平線”;scope“范圍”;expansion“擴(kuò)充”。句意：這位老師想讓學(xué)生們意識(shí)到讀一些好的文學(xué)作品是開闊視野的一個(gè)好的方法。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

15.單選題

Assimilatingthereportincomputingrequiresmuchtime,forI’mnotspecializedinthisfield.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Digesting

B.Incorporating

C.Imitating

D.Compiling

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)Digesting“消化”；B選項(xiàng)Incorpor