2018年高考英語全國卷2 (附答案)

2018年全國普通高等學(xué)校統(tǒng)一考試英語試題（本試卷共12頁。時間：120分鐘總分：150分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。例：Howmuchistheshirt?￡19.15B.￡9.18C.￡9.15答案是C。第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。WhatdoesJohnfinddifficultinlearningGerman?Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Colleagues.Brotherandsister.Teacherandstudent.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.C.Onatrain.A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.C.Onatrain.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?Arestaurant.WhatdoesthewomanItwastough.Arestaurant.WhatdoesthewomanItwastough.Astreet.thinkofherinterview?Itwasinteresting.Adish.Itwassuccessful.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。WhenwillJudygotoaparty?OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.WhatwillMaxdonext?Flyakite.Readamagazine.Dohishomework.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingatfirst?Goingtoaconcert.Watchingamovie.Playingacomputergame.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?VisitMike.B.Goboating.C.Takeawalk.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。Whichcolordocatsseebetterthanhumans?A.Red.B.Green.C.Blue.Whydocatsbringdeadbirdshome?A.Toeattheminasafeplace.Toshowofftheirhuntingskills.Tomaketheirownershappy.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Grateful.B.Humorous.C.Curious.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。WhoisMacy?

Ed'smother.Ed'steacher.Ed'sfriend.Ed'smother.Ed'steacher.Ed'sfriend.HowdoesEdusuallygotokindergarten?Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.WhatdoesEdenjoydoingatthekindergarten?A.Tellingstories.B.Singsongs.C.Playingwithothers.WhatdotheteacherssayaboutEd?A.He'sclever.B.He'squiet.C.He'sbrave.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。AtwhatagedidEmilystartlearningballet?A.Five.B.Six.C.Nine.WhydidEmilymovetoToronto?A.Toworkforadanceschool.Toperformatadancetheater.Tolearncontemporarydance.WhydidEmilyquitdancing?A.Shewastoooldtodance.Shefailedtogetascholarship.Shelostinterestinit.HowdoesEmilyfeelaboutstoppingtraining?A.She'spleased.B.She'sregretful.C.She'supset.第二部閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15題;每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ASummerActivitiesStudentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/carers,andselecttwo

activitiestheywouldliketodo.Formswillbeavailableinschoolandonlineforthemtoindicatetheirchoicesandreturntoschool.Beforechoicesarefinalised,parents/carerswillbeaskedtosigntoconfirmtheirchildren'schoices.ActivityDescriptionMemberofstaffCostOutdoorAdventure(OUT)Takeyourselfoutofyourcomfortzoneforaweek,discovernewpersonalqualities,andlearnnewskills.YouwillbeabletotakepartinanumberofactivitiesfromcanoeingtowildcampingonDartmoor.Learnrockclimbingandworkasateam,andenjoythegreatoutdoorenvironment.Mr.Clemens￡140WWIBattiefieldsandParis(WBP)OnMondaywetraveltoLondon.AfterstayingovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2tonorthernFrancetovisittheWorldWarIbattlefields.Onday3wecrossintoBelgium.ThursdayseesusmaketheshortjourneytoPariswherewewillvisitDisneylandParispark,stayinguntillatetoseetheparadeandthefireworks.Ourfinalday,Friday,seesusvisitcentralParisandtourthemainsights.Mrs.Wilson￡425Craftyfoxes(CRF)Fourdaysofproductdesigncentredaroundtextiles.Makinglovelyobjectsusingrecycledandmadematerials.Bags,cushionanddecorations…LearnskillsandleavewithmodernandunusualMrs.Goode￡30textiles.PottyaboutPotter（POT）VisitWarnerBrosStudio,shopstoptobuypicnic,stayovernightinanapprovedYouthHostelinStreatly—on—Thames,guidedtourofOxfordtoseethefilmlocations,picniclunchoutsideOxford'sChristchurch,boatingontheRiverCherwellthroughtheUniversityParks,beforeheadingbacktoExeter.MissDrake￡150Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocamping?OUT.B.WBP.C.CRF.D.POT.WhatwillthestudentsdoonTuesdaywithMrs.Wilson?TraveltoLondonB.seeaparadeandfireworks.C.TourcentralParis.D.VisittheWWIbattlefields.HowlongdoesPottyaboutPotterlast?A.Twodays.B.FourdaysC.FivedaysD.Oneweek.BManyofusloveJulybecauseit'sthemonthwhennature'sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolorfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia'sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein蛋白質(zhì)），ironandzinc（notthatfruitshavemuchprotein）.Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants（抗氧化物質(zhì)）.TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintoVitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries（櫻桃），theyaresodeliciouswhocare?However,theyarerichinVitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesorslicesofotherfruits，frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick，coolingfruitsshakesandlowfat“icecream”.Forthispurpose，selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa“Soft-serve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren'sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?Theycontainprotein.B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.C.Tospeeduptheirripening.D.Toimprovetheirnutrition.Whatis“ajuicer”inthelastparagraph?A.Adessert.B.Adrink.C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.C.Atravelbrochure.CTeensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren'slives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.Accordingtothereport'skeyfindings,“theproportion（比例）whosaythey‘hardlyever'readforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13-year-oldsand9percentof17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday.”Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages2-8,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhaddeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel（建議）parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreadingmainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.Attheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom（逼近）ahead,parentsmighttakethechancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?Children'sreadinghabits.Qualityofchildren'sbooks.Children'safter-classactivities.Parent-childrelationships.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“childrenarereadingalotlessforfun”?A.Inparagraph2B.Inparagraph3C.Inparagraph4D.Inparagraph5Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?E-booksareofpoorquality.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.Itmayharmchildren'shealth.E-readersareexpensive.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?Actasrolemodelsforthem.B.Askthemtowritebookreports.C.Setupreadinggroupsforthem.D.Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.DWe'vebeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.What'stheproblem?Itispossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit'sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssay'itsaninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butweca'ntforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn'tevenexistifitweren'tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease（潤滑劑）forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianUniversitySoutheast.“Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,”heexplains.“Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.”Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction（互動）withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.“It'snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,”sayDunn.“Butinteractionswithperipheral（邊緣的）membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.”Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.“Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,”hesays.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?Addictiontosmartphones.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.Impatiencewithslowservice.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?Showinggoodmanners.B.Relatingtootherpeople.C.Focusingonatopic.D.Makingbusinessdeals.Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B.Itraisespeople'sconfidence.C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ConversationCountsWaysofMakingSmallTalkBenefitsofSmallTalkUncomfortableSilence第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37Yourmetabolism（新陳代謝）getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie（卡路里）burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.Youcankeepyouheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnow,thenlistenup.第三部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Twoweeksearlier,myson,Ben,hadgotintouch.'HedmovedtoEnglandwithhismumwhenhewasthreeandithadbeen13yearssinceI'd41seenhim.Soimaginemy42whenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme.Iwas43!IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedto44.Thebaywas45insunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150mofftheshore.Gettingalittle46,Irealizedonekayak（皮筏艇）wasin47.“Something'snot48!"ItookoffmyT-shirtand49intothewater.Isawthereweretwoinstructorsonboardandamanlyingacrossthemiddle.Hewas50violently.Linkingarmswithoneoftheinstruetors,Ihelped51theyoungmanoutofwater.HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,something52tome.Thosebrowneyeswerevery53“What'shisname?”Iaskedtheinstructor.“Ben,”hereplied,andimmediatelyI54.Thatstrangerwasmyson.Theinstruetorscalledforanambulance.55,afterabriefstayinhospital,Benwaswellenoughtobeallowedto56andlaterthefamilymetupfordinner.WechattedabouteverythingandthenBen57tome.“Ijustwanttosaythankyou,"hesaid.“You58mylife!"Istillcan'tbelievewhata59itwas.I'mjustsogladIwasthere60tohelpmyson.41.A.alsoB.oftenC.evenD.last42.A.delightB.reliefC.angerD.worry43.A.scaredB.shockedC.thrilledD.ashamed44.A.talkB.stayC.meetD.settle45.A.bathedB.cleanC.deepD.formed46.A.fasterB.closerC.heavierD.wiser47.A.troubleB.advanceC.questionD.battle48.A.realB.rightC.fairD.fit49.A.staredB.sankC.divedD.fell50.A.arguingB.fightingC.shoutingD.shaking51.A.leadB.persuadeC.carryD.keep52.A.happenedB.occurredC.appliedD.appealed53.A.sharpB.pleasantC.attractiveD.familiar54.A.agreedB.hesitatedC.doubtedD.knew55.A.B.FranklyC.SadlyD.SuddenlyFortunately56.A.returnB.relaxC.speakD.leave

57.A.joked58.A.created57.A.joked58.A.created59.A.coincidence60.A.onboardreturnedhonoredchangeintimelistenedsavedpityforsureD.pointedD.guidedD.painD.onpurpose第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DietshavechangedinChina-andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry61(grow)morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover62past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis63(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater65riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecr