江蘇省永豐初級中學八年級英語下冊 Unit 8 A green world Grammar課件

1、Unit 8Unit 8Grammar1.主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。例如: Many people speak Chinese.謂語：speak的動作是由主語many people來執(zhí)行的。2. 被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。例如:Chinese is spoken by many people.主語English是動詞speak的承受者。Preview 被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成 被動語態(tài)由助動詞be及物動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。Preview 被動語態(tài)的句型總結(jié)如下：肯定句:主語+be+過去分詞+(by).否定句:主語+be not

2、+過去分詞+(by.)一般疑問句:be+主語+過去分詞+（by）？特殊疑問句:特殊疑問句+be+主語+過去分詞+（by)?Preview display vt. & vi. 展示; 陳列pollute vt. 污染harm vt. 傷害; 損害living adj. 活著的, 活的You will be punished if you cut down a tree.被動語態(tài)的一般將來時These bottles will be recycled to make new things.We use the passive voice in the simple future tense whe

3、n the action has not taken place yet. 被動語態(tài)的一般將來時用來描述將要發(fā)生的動作。如: He will be/is going to be taken to hospital in a few minutes. 他幾分鐘之內(nèi)就會被送到醫(yī)院。 The food will be /is going to be eaten by the dog soon. 這些食物馬上就會被狗吃掉。主語 will be/ be going to be過去分詞I will be /am going to be supported.You /We /They will be /ar

4、e going to beHe /She/Itwill be /is going to be被動語態(tài)的一般將來時的構(gòu)成注意: 主語是第一人稱時, 被動語態(tài)的一般將來時也可以用“shall be + 動詞的過去分詞”來表達。Passive voice in the simple future tenseWe use the passive voice in the simple future tense when the action has not taken place yet.You will be punished if you cut down a tree.These bottles

5、 will be recycled to make new things.Subject will be/be going to bePast participateIwill be/am going to besupportedYou /We /Theywill be/are going to beHe/She/Itwill be/is going to be1.We will plant apple trees tomorrow.2.We will not plant apple trees tomorrow.3.Will we plant apple trees tomorrow?4.W

6、here will we plant apple trees tomorrow?肯定式: will / be going to + do否定式: wont / be not going to + do疑問式: Will+主語 / be+主語+ going to + do? 特殊疑問式: 疑問詞 + will+主語 / be+主語+ going to + do? 一般將來時主動語態(tài)1.Apple trees will be planted(by us) tomorrow.2.Apple trees wont be planted(by us) tomorrow.3.Will apple tree

7、s be planted(by us) tomorrow?4.Where will apple trees be planted(by us) tomorrow?一般將來時被動語態(tài)肯定式: will be / be going to be+ done否定式: wont be/ be not going to be + done疑問式: Will+主語 be/ be+主語+ going to be+ done? 特殊疑問式: 疑問詞 + will+主語 be/ be+主語+ going to be+ done? will be / be going to be+ done(1) 主語+謂語+賓語

8、： 主動: We will build a new house next year. 被動: A new house will be built (by us) next year.(2) 主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語 (習慣上把間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語): 主動: My mother will give me a shirt. 被動: I will be given a shirt (by my mother). 如果把直接賓語改為主語時, 則在間接賓語前加to或for 被動: A new shirt will be given to me (by my mother).(3) 主語+謂

9、語+賓語+賓補。如果是含有復(fù)合賓語的主動句變成被動句時, 將其中的賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z, 賓補不變。例如: 主動: We will ask him to help you tomorrow. 被動: He will be asked to help you (by us). 2. My mother will give me a present.I will be given a present (by my mother). A present will be given to me (by my mother).1. Well build a new house next year.A new h

10、ouse will be built (by us) next year.3. The mother is going to tell the baby a storyThe baby is going to be told a story (by the mother). A story is going to be told to the baby (by the mother).4. Kelly is about to sing us a song at the party.We are about to be sung a song (by Kelly) at the party. A

11、 song is about to be sung for us (by Kelly) at the party.5.The police is going to have the thief stay in prison. The thief is going to be had to stay in prison (by the police).(have sb do sth sb be had to do sth)The students are talking about Environment Week. Help them make sentences using passive

12、voiceactivities / in Environment Week / a lot of / organize / are going to A lot of activities are going to be organized in Environment Week.design / posters / will / by SandyPosters will be designed by Sandy.to all the people / send / leaflets / in the town / will Leaflets will be sent to all the p

13、eople in the town.are going to / hold /some of the activities / in the town squareSome of the activities are going to be held in the town square.Lisa is telling her cousin Harry about a show that will be held in this Environment Week on the phone. Help Lisa answer Harrys questions using the passive

14、voice.Lisa: Hi, Harry. Theres going to be an environment show here.Harry: Really? When is the show going to be held?Lisa: (1) _ _ (this Friday evening)Harry: Will the show be held at your school?Lisa: No, (2)_ _. (at the town hall)Harry: Who will be invited to the show?The show is going to be held t

15、his Friday evening.The show will be held at thetown hallLisa: _ _ (some famous people in our town)Harry: What will be displayed at the show?Lisa: (4)_ _ _ (videos about the past and present of Sunshine Town)Some famous people in our town will be invited to the show.Videos about the past and present

16、of Sunshine Town will be display at the show.Harry: What will be discussed at the show?Lisa: (5) _ _ _ (ways about how to protect the environment) Ways about how to protect the environment will be discussed at the show.1. A cat _ (keep) in my grandmothers house.2. The concert _ (hold) last Friday ev

17、ening.3. Jane was made _ (work) ten hours a day.I. 根據(jù)句意及括號內(nèi)所給動詞的提示填空。is keptwas heldto work4. A new hospital _ _ (build) in our city next year.5. More than 50 trees _ (plant) since last month.have been plantedwill / is going to bebuilt 用所給動詞的正確時態(tài)和語態(tài)填空。1. It is clear that the 30th Olympic Games _ (ho

18、ld) in 2012. 2. While many people turn to computer for news and movies, it doesnt mean that the TV set _ (replace) in the near future. 3. Many chances _ (lose) if you dont work hard.4. You _ (fine) by the police if you keep driving so fast.will be heldwill be replacedwill be lostwill be fined5. The

19、question is going to _ (discuss) by us.6. The little girl is so pretty that she _ (admire) by all the people when she grows up. 7. Dont worry about that. It _ (finish) next week.8. She _ (meet) by her friends as soon as she arrives.9. I hear that more than one million dollars _ (spend) on the projec

20、t next year.be discussedwill be admired will be finishedwill be metwill be spentPollutionPollution is one of the biggest problem in the world today. In many places, rubbish (1)_ (throw) into lakes and rivers, so many of them (2)_ (pollute). is thrownare pollutedII. Kitty is writing an article about

21、pollution. Help her complete the article using the passive voice.In some cities, the air (3)_ (fill) with pollution. This makes people ill, and more people (4)_ (hurt) in the future if it is not cleaned up.As well as people, animals (5)_ (harm) by pollution. Land and water pollution kills many animals every year. If we do not act to improve the environment, is filledwill be hurtare harmedmore living things (6)_ (kill) by pollution.However, there is som