美國(guó)教育英文簡(jiǎn)單介紹(課堂PPT)課件

1、Education in the United States of America美國(guó)教育體系1 I. The goal of education“Give a man a fish and he will eat for a day. Teach a man how to fish and he will eat for the rest of his life.” - Chinese Proverb The goal of education is to achieve universal literacy and to provide individuals with education

2、al opportunities.2 Education in the United States is provided mainly by government, with control and funding coming from three levels: federal, state, and local. Each of 50 states in the United States has its own laws regulating education. From state to state, some laws are similar; others are not.I

3、I. Education a local matter3III. Expenditure of EducationEducational funds are from several sources. Funds for elementary and secondary schools come from 3 sources: about 50% from local property taxes, 40-50% from the states, 8%-9% from the federal government.4Levels of schoolingHigher EducationSeco

4、ndary EducationElementary Education5Elementary school and secondary schoolIn most areas, free public school education begins with kindergarten classes for 5 years old.Almost all the 50 states have laws that require 12 years of compulsory attendance at school for children.6In some school system, the

5、12 grades are divided into two stages, the first 6 grades for elementary school and the next 6 grades for secondary school.In other school system, there are three divisions: elementary school (grades16), junior high school (79), and senior high school (1012). 7Education in the United StatesGradeAgeP

6、reschoolKindergarten5 - 6Elementary School1st Grade2nd Grade3rd Grade4th Grade5th Grade6 - 77 - 88 - 912 - 1310 - 116th Grade7th Grade8th Grade11 - 129 - 1013 - 14Middle School9th Grade14 - 15810th Grade11th Grade12th Grade15 - 1616 - 1717 - 18High School9IV. Curricula for Students1.Elementary Schoo

7、lAlthough the federal government has no national curriculum for education, almost every elementary school provides instruction in these subjects: language arts; math ;penmanship; science; social studies; music; art; and physical education.Physical Education102. Secondary SchoolSecondary schools offe

8、r these subjects: English, mathematics, science, social studies and physical education.Most schools offer foreign languages. Spanish is the most popular foreign language for Americans .11Class atmosphere is usually relaxed in American schools.American educator believe that children learn better when

9、 they are happy and interested, so every effort has been made to arouse the interests of the individual.12Public SchoolsPublic schools are locally controlled.Firstly, public schools are supported by taxes paid by all people whether or not they have children attending schools.Secondly, they are free

10、from religious influence.Public schools educate about 88% of all American children.13Private SchoolsMost private schools are related to religious groups. In these schools, religious instruction is part of the curriculum Today, about 12% of all American children go to private schools for their elemen

11、tary and secondary education.14Middle School in U.S.A15Standardized TestsIn the last year of high school, students who want to go on to receive higher education have to take some kind of standardized tests.The most popular tests are Scholastic Assessment Tests (SAT) and the American College Testing

12、(ACT)16SATThe SAT is a three-hour, multiple-choice exam measuring verbal, math, and reasoning skills.It is required by most higher education institutions in the United States for the admission to undergraduate degree programs.17Entrance Requirement of a University or a CollegeSuccessful applicants a

13、t such colleges are usually chosen on the basis of :Their high school academic performanceLetters of recommendation from their high school teachersThe impression they make during the interviews at the universityTheir scores on SAT18The Complex System of Higher EducationIt comprises four categories o

14、f institutions:The universityThe four-year undergraduate institutionthe collegeThe technical training institutionThe two-year, or community college19The Military AcademyThe only institutions of higher education funded by the federal government are related to the Military. They are the United States

15、Military Academy （陸軍學(xué)校）at West Point, New York; the United States Naval Academy （海軍學(xué)校）in Annapolis, Maryland; and the United States Air Force Academy （空軍軍官學(xué)校）in Colorado Springs, Colorado.20CreditOne of the measurements for an undergraduate in academic progress is credit or “point”. Typically, an un

16、dergraduate student has to earn a certain number of credits (about 120) in order to receive the bachelors degree at the end of four years of college.Credits are earned by attending lectures (or lab classes) and by successfully completing assignments and examinations. 21Students who want to pursue gr

17、aduate study have to take the Graduate Record Examination (GRE), or the Law School Admissions Test (LSAT) for law school, or the Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT) if one wants to go to a medical school.22Table of Academic Degrees18 (age)Undergraduate for the Bachelors degree (4 years)1 (grade)1

18、9220321422Graduate School for the Masters (1-2)523624Graduate School for the Doctorate (2,3 or more)7258Postdoctoral Study and Research23Public UniversitiesPublic universities are operated by a state or local government Some famous public universities: University of California at BerkleyUniversity of California at Los Angles (UCLA)University of Virginia24Private UniversitiesAbout 25 percent of higher education in the United States are privately operated by religious organization. The most prestigious universities in Ame