語言學選擇題附答案

1、語言學A1._ A_ is the study of speech sounds in language or a language with reference to their distribution and patterning and to tacit rules governing pronunciation.A. Phonology B. Lexicography C. Lexicology D. MorphologyC2. _C_ is defined as the scientific study of language, studying language in gener

2、al.A. Psycholinguistics B. Neurolinguistics C. Linguistics D. PhoneticsB3. Which of the linguistic items listed below is best described as the smallest unit of meaning? A. the word B. the morpheme C. the phoneme D. the clauseB4. A prefix is an affix which appears _.A. after the stem B. before the st

3、em C. in the middle of the stem D. below the stem C 5. Which of the following is true? _A. Phonetics is the study of pronunciation. B. Phonetics is the scientific study of the movement of sound waves. C. Phonetics is the scientific study of the sounds of language. D. Phonetics is the scientific stud

4、y of the organs of speech.D6. “Whats in a name? That which we call a rose By any other name would smell as sweet So Romeo would, were he not Romeo called,” (Romeo and Juliet, Act 2, Scene 2, 435)To what characteristic of language dose Shakespeare refer? _ A. Creativity B. Productivity C. Duality D.

5、ArbitrarinessA7. Language, as a system, consists of two sets of structures or two levels, which is known as _, one of a design features of human language. A. Duality B. Displacement C. Productivity D. Arbitrariness D8. The different members of a phoneme, sounds which are phonetically different but d

6、o not make one word different from another in meaning, are _. A. phonemes B. phones C. sounds D. allophonesA9. What is complementary distribution? _ A. Different places of occurrence of allophones within a word. B. When a phone can only occur at the end of a word. C. When an allophone occurs at the

7、beginning of a word. D. Contrastive distribution of allophonesD10. _ deals with the analysis and creation of words, idioms and collocations. A. Morpheme B. Vocabulary C. Root D. LexiconB1. Cold and hot are called _ antonyms. A. complementary B. gradable C. reversal D. converseC2. “I regret that I ca

8、nt help you.” This is an example of _ _. A. representatives B. directivesC. expressives D. commissivesD. What is the duality of the language? _ A. Letters and sounds B. Sounds and symbolsC. Symbols and meaning D. sounds and meaningA4. “I bought some roses” _ “I bought some flowers”. A. entails B. pr

9、esupposes C. is inconsistent with D. is synonymous withC5. Of the following linguists, _ should be grouped into Prague School. A. Bloomfield B. SaussureC. Jakobson D. FirthC6. Damage in and around the angular gyrus of the parietal lobe often causes the impairment of reading and writing ability, whic

10、h is often referred to as acquired _. A. diglossia B. aphasiaC. dyslexia D. dysgraphia A7. _ A Dictionary of the English Language established a uniform standard for the spelling and word use. A. Samuel Johnsons B. Bishop Lowths C. Firths D. Samuel JohnsB8. What is phonology? _ A. The study of how sp

11、eech sounds are made, transmitted and received B. The study of the function, behavior and organization of speech sounds as linguistic items. C. The study of the International Phonetic Alphabet. D. The study of all possible speech sounds. D9. The morpheme “cast” in the common word “telecast” is a (n)

12、 _. A. bound morpheme B. bound form C. inflectional morpheme D. free morphemeD10. A phoneme is _. A. a set of different realization of a phone B. a set of contrastive allophones in free variation C. a set of phones in complementary distribution D. a set of phonetically similar noncontrastive phones

13、A1. Firstly, to which of these language groups dose English belong? _ A. Germanic B. Slavonic C. romance D. BalticD2. What is defined as “the study of sentence structure”? _ A. Morphology B. SemanticsC. Phonology D. SyntaxD3. According to Krashen, _ refers to the gradual and subconscious development

14、 of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations. A. learning B. competenceC. performance D. acquisitionC4. There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix “ed” in the word “l(fā)earned” is known as a(n) _. A. derivational morpheme B. free morpheme C

15、. inflectional morpheme D. free formC5. _ studies the total stock of morphemes of a language, especially those items which have clear semantic references. A. Phonology B. LexicologyC. Morphology D. LexicographyA6. As a type of linguistic system in L2 learning, _ is a product of L2 training, mother t

16、ongue interference, overgeneralization of the target language rules, and learning and communicative strategies of the learner. A. interlanguage B. interferenceC. language transfer D. linguistic relativityA7. _ means the lack of a logical connection between the form of something and its expression in

17、 sounds. A. Arbitrariness B. Abstractness C. Ambiguity D. FuzzinessB8. The term _ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages. A. synchronic B. diachronicC. comparative D. historical comp

18、arative D9. When a speech sound changes and becomes more like another sound that follows or precedes it, it is said to be _. A. nasalized B. voiced C. aspirated D. assimilatedC10. F. de Saussure is a (n) _ linguist. A. American B. British C. Swiss D. RussianA1. N. Chomsky is a (n) _ linguist. A. Ame

19、rican B. CanadaC. Swiss D. FrenchB2. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis has two thrusts: _ and _. A. Linguistic description, Linguistic determinism B. Linguistic determinism, Linguistic relativity C. Linguistic relativity, Linguistic description D. Linguistic determinism, Linguistic performanceA3. A special

20、 language variety that mixes or blends languages and used by people who speak different language for restricted purpose is _. A. pidigin B. creoleC. dialect D. blendsB4. By _, we refer to word forms which differ from each other only by one sound, e.g. “pin” and “bin”. A. complementally distribution

21、B. minimal pair C. Adjacency pair D. codeswitchingA5. When two sounds never occur in the same environment they said to be in _. A. complementary distribution B. free variation C. co-occurrence D. minimal pairD6. _ century is considered to be the beginning of Modern English. A. 18th B. 17thC. 19th D.

22、 16thB7. Conventionally a _ _ is put in slashes. A. allophone B. phoneme C. phone D. morphemeD8. _ _ is a principle of scientific method, based on the belief that the only things valid enough to confirm or refute o scientific theory are interpersonally observable phenomena, rather than peoples intro

23、spections or intuitions. A. Mentalism B. Functional grammar C. Case grammar D. BehaviorismC9. According to Searle, those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to some future course of action are called _C. A. expressives B. directives C. commisives D. declaratives*C 10. A _ _ is of

24、ten seen as part of a word, but it can never stand by itself although it bears clear, definite meaning. A. morpheme B. wordC. root D. phonemeD1. Linguistics is the scientific study of _. A. a particular language B. the English languageC. human language in general D. the system of a particular langua

25、geA2. _ _ is the language that a learner constructs at a given stage of SLA. A. Interlanguage B. IdeologyC. Dialect D. InterferenceB3. Phonological rules that govern the combination of sounds in a particular language are called _ _ rule. A. Deletion B. SequentialC. superasegmental D. AssimilationB 4

26、. “There is no direct link between a linguistic form and what it refers to”. This is the _ view concerning the study of meaning. A. naming theory B. conceptualistC. contextualist D. behavioristA5. English consonants can be classified into stops, fricatives, nasals, etc. , in terms of _. A. manner of

27、 articulation B. openness of mouthC. place of articulation D. voicingA6. According to Chomsky, _ _ is the ideal users internalized knowledge of his language. A. competence B. paroleC. performance D. langueA7. _ is not a suprasegmental feature. A. Aspiration B. IntonationC. Stress D. ToneA8 _ is a ph

28、enomenon that L2 learners subconsciously use their L1language in their learning process. A. Language transfer B. BlendingC. Interference D. CooperativeC9. _ are affixes added to an existing form to create a new word, e.g. in-,-er. A. inflectional morpheme B. free morphemeC. derivational morpheme D.

29、rootB10. Writing is the secondary language form based on _. A. sound B. speech C. gesture D. signC1. _ covers the study of language use in relation to context, and in particular the study of linguistic communication. A. Semantics B. SociolinguisticsC. Pragmatics D. LinguisticsA2. Morphemes that repr

30、esent “tense”, “number”, “gender”, “case” and so on are called _ morphemes. A. inflectional B. freeC. bound D. derivational C3. Which of the following is not a compound word? _ A. clearway B. rainbowC. scarcity D. withoutA4. The fact that ability to speak a language is transmitted from generation to

31、 generation by process of learning, and not genetically is referred to as _. A. culture transmission B. performanceC. competence D. acquisitionC5. _ is the language of Angles, Saxons and Jutes who invaded Britain after AD 450. A. Old Norse B. CleticC. Old English D. Middle EnglishC6. A group of two

32、or more consonants together in a syllable is called a (n) _. A. arresting cluster B. releasing clusterC. consonant cluster D. syllableC7. The semantic features of the word “woman” can be expressed as _. A. +ANIMATE, - HUMAN, +ADULT, +MALE B. + ANIMATE, + HUMAN, - ADULT, + MALEC. + ANIMATE, + HUMAN,

33、+ ADULT, - MALED. + ANIMATE, - HUMAN, - ADULT, - MALEA8. _ is to refer to an auxiliary language used to enable routine communication to take place between groups of people who speak different native languages. A. Lingua franca B. Dialect C. Pidgin D. Ethnic dialectA9. _ is the study of the relations

34、hip between brain and language, including research into how the structure of the brain influences language learning.A. Neurolinguistics B. PsyhcholingisticsC. Applied Linguistics D. SociolinguisticsB10. Modern synchronic linguistics traditionally dates from the _ of Swiss scholar Ferdinand de Saussu

35、re. A. Syntactic structure B. Cours de Linguitique GeneralC. De Lingua Latina D. Language and Mind A1. According to the strong version of the _ hypothesis, language determines speakers perceptions and patterns their way of life. A. Sapir Whorf B. inputC. Grim D.InnatenessD2. Which of the following i

36、s true? _ A. In the history of any language the writing system always came into being before the spoken form. B. A compound is the combination of only two words.C. The division of English into old English, Middle English, and Modern English is nonconventional and not arbitrary. D. If a child is depr

37、ived of linguistic environment, he or she is unlikely to learn a language successfully later on.D3. Which of the following statements is not true? _ A. Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication. B. Language is human specificC. Language is relatively stable and syst

38、ematic while parole is subject to personal and situational constraints D.The first language was invented by Adam, the first man.B 4. A group of people who do in fact have the opportunity to interact with each other and who share not just a single language with its related varieties but also attitude

39、s to- ward linguistic norms are defined as _. A. speech variety B. speech communityC. register D. sociolectC5. “Your money or your life?” is an example of _. A. representative B. expressiveC. directives D.commissivesD6. Which of the following distinctive features can be used to separate p and b? _ A

40、. stop B. fricativesC. bilabial D.voiced D7. _ studies the total stock of morphemes of a language particularly those items which have clear semantic references. A. Lexicography B. Phonology C. Lexicology D. MorphologyC8. _ theorized that acquisition of language is an innate process determined by bio

41、logical factors which limit the important period for acquisition of a language from roughly two years of age to puberty. A. Input hypothesis B. Interaction hypothesisC. Critical period hypothesis D.Sapir-Whorf HypothesisC9. An example of _ would be the change in meaning undergone by the OE word, doc

42、ga, modern day dog. In OE docga referred to a particular breed of dog, while in modern usage it refers to the class of dogs as a whole. A. semantic degradations B. semantic reductionsC. semantic extensions D. semantic elevationC10. According to Chomsky, the child is born with a built in set of rules

43、, which have the specific function of enabling her to construct the grammar of her mother tongue. This view is to be seen as _. A. Input hypothesis B. X-theoryC. Language acquisition device D.Universal grammarD1. “Old” and “Young” are a pair of _ opposites. A. complementary B. relationalC. converse

44、D. gradable B2. Systemic-Functional Grammar, one of the most influential linguistic theories in the 20th century, is put forward by _. A. Chomsky B. HallidayC. Firth D.MalinowskiD3. Vowels that are produced between the positions for a front and back vowel are called _ vowel.A. back B. frontC. unroun

45、ded D.centralD4. From Hallidays viewpoint, language is a form of realization of _ rather than a form of realization of_.A. knowing, doing B. thinking, knowingC. doing, thinking D.doing, knowingC5. _ believes that language learning is simply a matter of imitation and habit formation. A. The innatist

46、B. The interactionistC. The behaviorist D.The mentalistC6._studies the physical properties of speech sound, as transmitted between mouth and ear.A. Articulatory phonetics B. Physiological phonetics C Acoustic phonetics D. Auditory phoneticsB7. Creativity refers to _.A. the unconscious knowledge that language users have in their minds B. the capacity of language users to produce and understand an indefinitely large number of sentences C. a property claimed to be characteristic of all languages D. animals capac