高一英語定語從句基礎講解學習資料

1、高一英語定語從句基礎講解一、概念一、概念:在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子. (在句子中作在句子中作定語定語) (Attributive clause)Harry Porter is a smart boy.Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.形容詞作定語形容詞作定語句子作定語句子作定語,修飾修飾boy, 叫做叫做定語從句定語從句Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.先行詞先行詞 關系詞關系詞定語從句定語從句關系關系代詞代詞關系關系副詞副詞which, who, whom,

2、 whose, thatwhere, when，why關系詞關系詞詞形詞形所修飾的先所修飾的先行詞行詞關系代關系代詞詞（主、賓、（主、賓、表、定）表、定）who人人whom人人which物物that人或物人或物whose人或物人或物關系副關系副詞（詞（狀狀）when時間名詞時間名詞where地點名詞地點名詞why原因名詞原因名詞Have a try指出關系代詞（副詞）在定語從句中的成份：指出關系代詞（副詞）在定語從句中的成份：1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( )2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( )

3、3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( )4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( ) 主語賓語定語賓語關系副詞關系副詞When=on(in,during)whichwhere=on(in,in front of)whichWhy=for which2.引導定語從句的關系副詞引導定語從句的關系副詞如何選用定語從句的關系詞如何選用定語從句的關系詞 1.首先分清主句和定語從句首先分清主句和定語從句 2.確定定語從句的先行詞確定定語從句的先行詞 3.把先行詞帶回到定語從句中去，看其把

4、先行詞帶回到定語從句中去，看其在定語從句中做什么語法成分（主語，在定語從句中做什么語法成分（主語，賓語，定語或狀語）賓語，定語或狀語） 4.若先行詞在從句中做若先行詞在從句中做主語、賓語或定主語、賓語或定語語則選擇則選擇關系代詞關系代詞，若在從句中做，若在從句中做狀語狀語，則選擇則選擇關系副詞關系副詞。2. which, that 的的用法用法which 作定語從句的作定語從句的主語主語或或賓語賓語.I like the book (which / that) you bought yesterday.This is a truck which / that is made in China.

5、作主語作主語作賓語作賓語可省略可省略4.關系代詞前有介詞時關系代詞前有介詞時 (介詞提前介詞提前) .指指人只用人只用whom, 指物只用指物只用whichThis is the boy with whom he talked. This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.Exercise 1 :用關系代詞填空用關系代詞填空 The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister. I hate

6、people _ talk much but do little. The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard o

7、f the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that當先行詞同時指人和物時，關系代詞只能用that.Exercise 2. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember. Say all _ you know. Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat當先行詞是something, anything, noth

8、ing, all 等詞時，關系代詞只能用that.4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat當先行詞被序數詞，最高級序數詞，最高級等詞修飾時，關系代詞只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.當主句是who或或which 引導的特殊疑問句引導的特殊疑問句，而中心詞指人或物時

9、，關系代詞只能用that.thatthat關系副詞：關系副詞：when/ where/whyIll never forget the day _ I was born.Ill never forget the place _ I was born.whenwhere There is a saying that yesterday is a history, tommorrow is a mystery, but today is a gift. That is the reason why its called the present. when 作時間狀語作時間狀語:She will ne

10、ver forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=on which)she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.When = 介詞介詞 + which where 作地點狀語作地點狀語I want to know the place.I was born there

11、.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.where = 介詞介詞 + whichwhy 作原因狀語作原因狀語, 其先行詞常常是其先行詞常常是the reason.That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.I know the reason why he said it.why = for whichExercise1.October 1,1949 is the d

12、ay _ the PRC was founded.which B. when C. that D. on that2.Is that the reason _ you are for the plan. which B. what C. why D. for that 3.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded. A. which B. when C. that D. on that 4. Is this the place _ you were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that關系代詞在定語從句中

13、作主語、賓語關系副詞在定語從句中作狀語 ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear. Thisisthemountainvillage whichIvisitedlastyear. IllneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou. Illneverforgetthedays whichIspentinthecountryside. 判斷方法:若關系詞后面的句子完整,則需用關系副詞 若關系詞后面的句子不完整,則用關系代詞挑戰(zhàn)高難度！挑戰(zhàn)高難度！ 1. Is this the place _ you we

14、re born? A. which B.where C.what D.that 2. Is this the place _ some German friends visited last year? A. which B.where C.what D. why 3.The house _ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now. A. which B.where C.what D.that 4.The house _ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now. A. that B.where C.what D. why 5.He told her the reason_ he is unhappy, but she doesnt believe the reason _ he gives her. A. why; why B. why; which C. that; why D. which; why溫馨提示：定語從句中常出現的及物和不及物動詞有：定語從句中常出現的及物和不及物動詞有：vt: give; visit; spend; explain; tell; take; buy; use; make; buil