高中英語情態(tài)動(dòng)詞導(dǎo)學(xué)案

1、English Leaning Paper of Grade TwoModule1 Grammar Period four : the modal auxiliaryDate of Lesson Preparation:.Date of Teaching:Knowledge and skillsTo master the grammar and get more informationProcess and MethodsQuestion-and-answer activity and task-based method can help the Ss to go through with t

2、he grammarEmotion and ValuesTo master the usage of the modal auxilidaryImportant and Difficult PointsHow to use the modal auxiliaryKnowledge LinksTo review and remember the modal auxiliary learned beforeLearning GuidanceDo some related exercises and cooperate with partners.Learning procedure: To stu

3、dy main points and master the usage.can, could，be able to 譯為“能、可能” 1) 表示能力 Some of us can use the computer now, but we couldnt use the computer last year.Ill not be able to come this afternoon.He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain. 總結(jié)：表示現(xiàn)在的能力用 ，表示過去的能力用 .當(dāng)表示“經(jīng)過努

4、力才得以做成功某事”時(shí)應(yīng)用 ，不能用can。表示“將來能”用 。2) 表示請求和允許。 -Can I go now? - Yes, you can.（ No, you cant. ）- Could I come to see you tomorrow? - Yes, you can. ( No, Im afraid not. ) 總結(jié)：could 不是can的過去式，只是語氣 ，在答語中用 代替。 3) 表示推測（驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度），用于 和 句中。 Can that be Mike? I thought he was in Greece. This cant be done by h

5、im. How can this be true? I thought the story could not be true.注意：can偶爾用語肯定句中譯為“有時(shí)候會”，表示大部分時(shí)間不是這樣，只是偶爾發(fā)生的事情。 It can be very cold in this part.4) could have done用在 句中可以表示本來能做某事但沒做，can/could have done用在 和 句子中表示對過去情況的推測。 I saw Mr.Zhang just now. He couldnt have gone to Beijing. You could have done bet

6、ter, but you didnt try your best. You cant have left so soon.5) 常用句式總結(jié) can +否定詞+too/enough表示 You cant be too careful.你越小心越好 You cant remember enough English words.你記越多的英語單詞越好。 cant but do sth表示 I cant but admire your bravery.我不得不佩服你的勇氣 I could not but choose to go.may, might譯為“也許”1) 表示請求和允許。-Might/

7、May I smoke in this room? - No, you mustnt. - May/Might I take this book out of the room? - Yes, you may. (No, you cant / mustnt. ) 總結(jié)：might比 may語氣 ，而不是過去式。否定回答時(shí)可用 或 ，表示“不可以，禁止”。注意：用May I.？征徇對方許可時(shí)比較正式和客氣，而用Can I.？在口語中更常見。 2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 May you succeed! 祝你成功 祝你快樂！ 3) 表示推測、可能性。 He may /might be very b

8、usy now. Your mother may /might not know the truth. 總結(jié)：表示推測用于 和 句中，疑問句用 代替。might不是過去式，它所表示的可能性比may 。4）may/ might have done可能做了某事(猜測) He may/might have gone home. 注意You might have told me earlier!你本可以早點(diǎn)告訴我(實(shí)際沒有告訴) might have done 表示“過去本可以做某事而沒有做。5) 常用句式總結(jié)不妨，倒不如 You may as well ask him. You might as w

9、ell stay with us.很可能 He may well be proud of his son. We might well get injured.must譯為“必須”, have to譯為“不得不”1) 表示必須、必要 You must come here on time. I have to go now, because my mother is in hospital.- Must we hand in our exercise books today? - Yes, you must.（ No, you dont have to / you neednt.） 總結(jié)：表示義

10、務(wù)即必須時(shí)must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀，而 have to 強(qiáng)調(diào) 需要。must只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，have to 有更多的時(shí)態(tài)形式。在回答引出的問句時(shí)，如果是否定的，不能用mustnt（ ），而用neednt, dont have to（不必）. 3) 表示推測、可能， 只能用于 句中。其中must have done表示 Youre Toms good friend, so you must know what he likes best. Your mother must be waiting for you now. I didnt hear the phone. I must have been a

11、sleep.4) 表示“偏偏”表示很不巧，通常都是令人不愉快的事。翻譯句子：We were ready to leave, but the baby must catch cold. .need譯為“需要”1）You neednt come so early. - Need I finish the work today? - Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. 總結(jié)：need 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí), 常用于 和 句中。2）neednt have done 表示 Tom neednt have done it yesterday. 注意need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用時(shí)， 有人稱、

12、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。The house needs to be painted. Students need to finish their homework today. .shall1) shall 用于第一、三人稱疑問句，表示說話人： 。 What shall we do this evening? What shall he do next?2) shall 用于第二、三人稱，表示說話人給對方的 。 You shall fail if you dont work hard. He shall have the book when I finish it. He shall be punis

13、hed. .should, ought to譯為“應(yīng)該”1) 表示勸告、建議。should, ought to可通用，但在疑問句中常用should。 翻譯句子：You should / ought to go to class right away. 2. Should I open the window? 2) 表示推測 通常指有事實(shí)依據(jù)，常理推斷Its nearly seven oclock. He ought to/should be home by now.3）should表示驚訝、遺憾有時(shí)與why/who/how等疑問詞連用譯成“居然、竟然”翻譯句子：why should you t

14、hink so? 4) should/ought to have done 表示 否定形式表示 You should/ought to have paid more attention to your lessons. Tom shouldnt/ought not to have told me secret.will, would譯為“愿意、要”1) 表示請求、建議等，would更委婉。 Will / Would you pass me the ball, please? 2) 表示意志、愿望和決心。 I will never do that again. They asked him if

15、 he would go abroad. 3) 區(qū)分would和used to During the vacation, he would visit me every other day. She would play here. When we were children, we would/ used to go skating every winter. He used to like you. He used to be a quiet boy. I used to get up early.（過去起早，現(xiàn)在可能不起早了）總結(jié)：當(dāng)表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作時(shí)，二者 。used to可以與狀

16、態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用， 表示過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某種傾向。若強(qiáng)調(diào)過去與現(xiàn)在的對比，用 。4) will 常用與第三人稱表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。Fish will die out of water.5)would like/love have done本打算做sth但做了別的事情。I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then. .dare譯為“敢”1）She darent even look out. Dare you go school by yourself? 總結(jié)：dare 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí), 常用于 和 句中。dare的特殊句

17、式“我想、我猜” I dare say he will come.鞏固訓(xùn)練一、基礎(chǔ)題（level A）1總結(jié)：猜測: must, may, might, can, could用于肯定句,非常肯定的猜測是 ；用于肯定句,表示可能的猜測是 用于否定/疑問句,過去時(shí)用could的是 ；表示預(yù)測“應(yīng)當(dāng)” 的是 2翻譯下列情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定形式mustnt ；neednt (=dont have to) cant ；may not ；shouldnt（=ought not to） 3總結(jié)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have done 本應(yīng)該做而沒做 ；本不該某事而做了 本可以做而沒做 ；不必做的做了 可能做了某事(猜測)

18、 ；一定做了(猜測) 一定沒有做(猜測) 達(dá)標(biāo)訓(xùn)練二、強(qiáng)化題 （level B）( )1. -May I sit beside you, sir? - No, you _. My girlfriend is coming soon.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt ( )2.- _ I speak to Mary, please? -Sorry, she_ come to the phone because she isnt in.A. Might; wont B. Cant; mustnt C. May; cant D. Couldnt; sho

19、uldnt( )3. - I want to know if I _ smoke here. - No, you_ . Could you see the sign “NO SMOKING” there?A. can; neednt B. must; cant C. shall; wont D. may; mustnt( )4. My wife never remembers my telephone number. She always _ look it up. A. must B. should C. would D. has to( )5. - _ you pass me the En

20、glish magazine, please? - Sure. Here you are.A. Could B. Need C. Must D. Might三、提升題（level C）( )1. A computer _think for itself, it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not( )2.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.A. had to B. would C. could

21、 D. was able to( )3.-Where is my uncle, Mary? -He _ in the bedroom.A. must have been B. must be C. may have been D. should have been( )4.Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. must B. may C. can D. will( )5. -That must be a mistake. -No, it _ a mistake.A. must not be B. neednt b

22、e C. can not be D. would not be( )6. Its nearly 7 oclock. Dad _ come home soon.A. can B. could C. would D. should( )7.-Are you coming to Jeffs party?-Im not sure. I _ go to the concert tonight. A. must B. would C. should D. might( )8.I didnt see her in the meeting room this morning. She _ at the mee

23、ting.A. mustnt have spoken B. shouldnt have spoken C. neednt have spoken D. couldnt have spoken( )9.Johnny, you_ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself.A. wont; cant B. mustnt; may C. shouldnt, must D. cant; shouldnt( )10.I didnt hear the phone. I _ asleep.A. must be B. must have been C. should be

24、 D. should have been四、實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練（level D）( )1. Its nearly seven oclock . Jack _ be here at any moment.A. must B. need C. should D. could( )2. They will _ run this machine on their own in three months.A. can B. could C. may D. be able to( )3. That big cinema _ seat 2,000 people.A. can B. should C. ought to

25、 D. is able to( )4. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you _.A. might B. will C. can D. should( )5. Might I watch TV after supper? Yes, you _.A. may B. must C. might D. canReflection:一批二批1) 表示能力 總結(jié)：表示現(xiàn)在的能力用 can ，表示過去的能力用 could.當(dāng)表示“經(jīng)過努力才得以做成功某事”時(shí)應(yīng)用 was able to ，不能用can。表示“將來能”用 will be abl

26、e to 。2) 表示請求和允許。 總結(jié)：could 不是can的過去式，只是語氣 更委婉 ，在答語中用can 代替。 3) 表示推測（驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度），用于疑問句 和否定句句中。 4) can/could have done 用在肯定 句中可以表示本來能做某事但沒做，用在疑問和否定 句子中表示對過去情況的推測。 5) 常用句式總結(jié) can +否定詞+too/enough表示 越越好、再怎么也不過分 cant but do sth表示 不得不1) 表示請求和允許?？偨Y(jié)：might比 may語氣更委婉 ，而不是過去式。否定回答時(shí)可用 mustnt 或 cant ，表示“不可以，禁止”。

27、注意：用May I.？征徇對方許可時(shí)比較正式和客氣，而用Can I.？在口語中更常見。 2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 May you succeed! 祝你成功 祝你快樂！ May you be happy!3) 表示推測、可能性。 總結(jié)：表示推測用于肯定句 和否定句 句中，疑問句用can 代替。might不是過去式，它所表示的可能性比may 小。不妨，倒不如may as well You may as well ask him. You might as well stay with us.很可能may well He may well be proud of his son. We migh

28、t well get injured.1) 表示必須、必要 總結(jié)：表示義務(wù)即必須時(shí)must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀，而 have to 強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。must只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，have to 有更多的時(shí)態(tài)形式。在回答引出的問句時(shí)，如果是否定的，不能用mustnt不準(zhǔn)、禁止，而用neednt, dont have to（不必）. 3) 表示推測、可能， 只能用于肯定 句中。其中must have done表示 可能一定做過某事4) 表示“偏偏”表示很不巧，通常都是令人不愉快的事。翻譯句子：We were ready to leave, but the baby must catch cold. 我們正準(zhǔn)備離開，但孩子偏偏感冒了.need譯為“需要”1）You neednt come so early. - Need I finish the work today? - Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. 總結(jié)：need 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí), 常用于 否定 和 疑問句中。2）neednt have done 表示本不必做某事但做了 Tom neednt have done it yesterday. 1) shall 用于第一、三人稱疑問句，表示說話人：征求對