高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解推理判斷題

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 閱讀理解推理判斷題 【2019天津卷，D】Would you BET on the future of this man？He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning，and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives，he d

2、etermines to write a book.The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. That former prisoner was Cervantes，and the book was Don Quixote（堂吉訶德）. And the story poses an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of the

3、ir days，while others go to seed long before？Weve all known people who run out of steam before they reach lifes halfway mark. Im not talking about those who fail to get to the top. We cant all get there. Im talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed

4、attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.Most of us，in fact，progressively narrow the variety of our lives. We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it. Nothing surprises us. We lose our sense of wonder. But，if we are willing to lean，the opportunit

5、ies are everywhere.The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills. We learn to bear with the things we cant change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please，some people are never going to love us-an idea that troubles at first but is eventually

6、relaxing.With high motivation and enthusiasm，we can keep on learning. Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life. However，we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos（自我），whether to loved ones，to fellow humans，to work，or

7、 to some moral concept.Many of us equate（視等同于）“commitment” with such “caring” occupations as teaching and nursing. But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment. People who work toward such excellence whether they are driving a truck，or running a store-make the w

8、orld better just by being the kind of people they are. Theyve learned lifes most valuable lesson.51. The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that_.A. loss of freedom stimulates ones creativityB. age is not a barrier to achieving ones goalC. misery inspires a man to fight against his f

9、ateD. disability cannot stop a mans pursuit of success52. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean？A. End ones struggle for liberty.B. Waste ones energy taking risks.C. Miss the opportunity to succeed.D. Lose the interest to continue learning.53. What could be inferred from Paragra

10、ph 4？A. Those who dare to try often get themselves trapped.B. Those who tend to think back can hardly go ahead.C. Opportunity favors those with a curious mind.D. Opportunity awaits those with a cautious mind.54. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5？A. A tough man can tolerate suffer

11、ing.B. A wise man can live without self-pityC. A man should try to satisfy people around him.D. A man should learn suitable ways to deal with life55. What is the authors purpose in writing the passage？A. To provide guidance on leading a meaningful adult life.B. To stress the need of shouldering resp

12、onsibilities at work.C. To state the importance of generating motivation for learning.D. To suggest a way of pursuing excellence in our lifelong career.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文屬于議論文，講述要成功，就需要不斷的學(xué)習(xí)，這樣的生活才會(huì)有意義。51.B 【解析】推理判斷題。第一段講述塞萬(wàn)提斯一生不幸，負(fù)債累累，因?yàn)閼?zhàn)爭(zhēng)受傷左手殘疾，同時(shí)還身陷囹圄，在53歲的時(shí)候決定寫(xiě)書(shū)，最終寫(xiě)出成名作唐吉柯德，根據(jù)后文可知，所有的困境都沒(méi)有阻擋他的成功，年齡也是如此，故選

13、B。52.D 【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段Im talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.故可知，作者談?wù)摰牟皇悄切](méi)有到達(dá)巔峰的人，而是談?wù)撃切┎辉賹W(xué)習(xí)成長(zhǎng)的人，故可知run out of steam可知，停止學(xué)習(xí)，故選D。53.C 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段we lose the sense of wonder

14、. But, if we are willing to learn, the opportunities are everywhere.可知，我們失去了好奇感，但是如果我們?cè)敢鈱W(xué)習(xí)，機(jī)會(huì)無(wú)處不在，故可知，機(jī)會(huì)總是留給那些好奇心的人，故選C。54. D 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段we learn to bear with the things we cant change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love

15、usan idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.可知，我們學(xué)會(huì)承受那些無(wú)法改變的事情，學(xué)會(huì)避免自憐，也學(xué)會(huì)了無(wú)論我們?cè)趺慈ト倓e人，有些人是無(wú)法喜歡我們的，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)起初讓我們苦惱，但是之后會(huì)讓我們釋?xiě)?，故可知，本段作者告訴我們要學(xué)會(huì)使用恰當(dāng)?shù)姆绞絹?lái)對(duì)待生活，故選D。55.A 【解析】寫(xiě)作意圖題。本文講述要成功，就需要不斷的學(xué)習(xí)，這樣的生活才會(huì)有意義，故本文作者的目的是為了指導(dǎo)我們過(guò)一個(gè)有意義的成年人生活，故選A?！厩蓪W(xué)妙記】推理判斷題著重考查學(xué)生歸納概括、邏輯推理等綜合能力，要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，利用自己

16、已獲得的相關(guān)知識(shí)進(jìn)行推理判斷，從而得出符合邏輯的結(jié)論，推斷出作者沒(méi)有提到的或者沒(méi)有明說(shuō)的事實(shí)、隱含的信息或文章的深層意義。這類題目旨在考查考生透過(guò)詞語(yǔ)的字面意義去理解作者的言外之意的能力。推理判斷題的設(shè)題形式有很多，不同的題型對(duì)應(yīng)不同的技巧。如下表所示：推斷內(nèi)容考查點(diǎn)解題方法推斷隱含含義考查考生透過(guò)詞語(yǔ)的字面意思去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力1. 跳讀，找到相關(guān)信息點(diǎn)(推理的依據(jù))；2. 細(xì)讀，理解相關(guān)信息點(diǎn)的字面意義；3. 結(jié)合語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)，在字面意義的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行符合邏輯的推斷，理解作者的言外之意。推斷寫(xiě)作意圖考查考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容推斷作者寫(xiě)該文章的目的的能力根據(jù)文體的特點(diǎn)和用途來(lái)推斷作者

17、的寫(xiě)作目的：1.記敘文，特別是個(gè)人的有趣經(jīng)歷或幽默故事類的文章娛樂(lè)讀者；2. 夾敘夾議文讓讀者得到某種啟示或教育；3. 廣告和議論文說(shuō)服讀者接受某種產(chǎn)品、服務(wù)或接受某種觀點(diǎn)；4. 科普說(shuō)明文或新聞報(bào)道告知讀者某些信息。推斷下段內(nèi)容、文章出處考查考生通過(guò)閱讀材料，預(yù)測(cè)內(nèi)容及推斷材料的來(lái)源的能力1. 根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容或結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)推斷；2. 根據(jù)各種文體的特征來(lái)判斷其出處：如廣告的用詞和格式非常特殊，因此容易辨認(rèn)；報(bào)紙的前面會(huì)出現(xiàn)日期、地點(diǎn)或通訊社名稱；產(chǎn)品說(shuō)明的特點(diǎn)也比較明顯，一般會(huì)介紹其名稱、作用、操作方式等。推斷目標(biāo)讀者考查考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容推斷此篇文章主要是寫(xiě)給誰(shuí)看的的能力根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是從作者

18、使用的詞語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)氣來(lái)判斷。（上海市長(zhǎng)寧區(qū)2019屆高三二模 ）The bus screamed to a stop in Nazareth, Israel. Five Australian backpackers boarded and struck up a conversation with me. They asked typical travelers questionswhere was I going and why was I traveling alone? My plan was to travel with a friend of a friend, I explained,

19、 but when I called her that morning, she didnt pick up and I had no other way to reach her. My stomach was in knots, but I decided to head out anyway, thinking I might run into her if I traveled to Tiberius, where we had planned to go together.“Why dont you travel with us?” one of the backpackers of

20、fered. They were experienced adventurers who would work for a few months, save, then travel for as long as they could. Their current plan was to explore the Middle East and Europe in three months while working in London.It seemed risky to travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes. For the next

21、 two weeks, I explored Israel with the backpackers and learned to trust my instincts in all types of new and interesting situations. When they hook a ride, I took the bus, but when they wanted to steal into the King David Hotels swimming pool, I led the way. The world opened up to me because I chose

22、 to travel alone. I joined complete strangers, who become close friends. Years later, one couple from the backpacking group even flew from Sydney to Phoenix to be in my wedding. The trip was such a special experience that it gave me confidence in all areas of my life. Since then, Ive backpacked alon

23、e across South Africa, sky-dived from 12,000 feet in New Zealand and even moved across the U.S. with no job lined up.On my third day wandering in Israel with my new friends, I bumped into the woman I was supposed to meet. Though I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadnt picked up the p

24、hone.1. By “My stomach was in knots” (in paragraph 1), the author most likely means that she was _.A. sick of riding on a bumpy busB. nervous of meeting strangersC. upset about the sudden changeD. sorry about the impractical plan2. Which of the following best describes the backpackers the author met

25、?A. Courageous but disrespectful.B. Jobless and poorly educated.C. Warmhearted and trustworthy.D. Homeless but lighthearted.3. The authors sixth sense told her that _.A. she would get along with the backpackersB. it might cause trouble to have a swimC. she ought to stay away from the backpackersD. i

26、t could add excitement to get a free ride4. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Most of the backpackers became the authors lifelong friends.B. The author gathered the courage to be a fulltime backpack traveler.C. The woman missed the phone call with the purpose of traveling alone.D. The author considered it the best decision of her life to travel on her own. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。作者原本與朋友約好去旅游，卻被放了鴿子，她決定一個(gè)人去。途中她遇見(jiàn)了五個(gè)背包客，這些背包客邀請(qǐng)她一起去旅游，她和這些人一起經(jīng)歷了美好的幾天，并和他們成了好朋友。1.C 【解析】推理判斷