北京市高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)短文改錯(cuò)訓(xùn)練(1)

1、短文改錯(cuò)練習(xí)(1)高考英語(yǔ)專題之短文改錯(cuò)從近幾年的高考短文改錯(cuò)來(lái)看,一篇120詞左右的短文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處.錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改.增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)(A),并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞.刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉.修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線,并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞.短文改錯(cuò)的目的是測(cè)試考生發(fā)現(xiàn)、判斷、糾正一些詞法、句法以及語(yǔ)篇中的行文邏輯等方面錯(cuò)誤的水平.它既能考查考生的詞匯和語(yǔ)法方面的水平,也能考查考生的閱讀理解水平.其考查要點(diǎn)的主要方面有：知識(shí)點(diǎn)一：詞法性錯(cuò)誤1.冠詞：冠詞的考查主要集中在不定冠詞a,an及定冠詞the的混用和漏用.主要包括以下幾個(gè)

2、方面：(1)不定冠詞a和an互改；(2)不定冠詞a或an和定冠詞the互改；(3)定冠詞the的多余或缺失；(4)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前冠詞的缺失(一般情況下,單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞在句中出現(xiàn)時(shí),其前需要加上適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~或其他限定詞)；(5)不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)冠詞的多余；(6)常見(jiàn)固定搭配的錯(cuò)用.(1)Afterahourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightened.解析因hour以元音音素開(kāi)頭.答案a-an(2)Idecidedtoclimbthetreetoseewherewewere.解析因此處并非特指,而是泛指.答案the-a(3)Goodhealthisperson'smos

3、tvaluablepossession.解析這里的a表泛指.答案person's前加a(4)Maybeyoucouldcomeduringawinterholidays.解析此處的winterholidays屬特指或者是談話雙方都知道的.答案a-the(5)Suddenly,IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacherinthecrowd.解析catchsightof是習(xí)語(yǔ),意為“看見(jiàn),瞥見(jiàn)答案去掉a2 .名詞：名詞的考查主要包括名詞的數(shù)的用法(可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的混用,可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的錯(cuò)用)；名詞格的誤用、名詞前限定詞的用法以及抽象名詞與物質(zhì)名詞具體化的用法.(6

4、)Westoppedtorestforawhileandtodrinksomewatersfromastream.解析因"水為物質(zhì)名詞,不可數(shù).答案waterswater(7)Therearebranchlibraryinmanyvillages.解析因其前的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞are為復(fù)數(shù)形式.答案librarylibraries(8)Ihopethatyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimessoon.解析sometime意為"某時(shí)".答案times一time(9)TheywereeagertoknoweverythingaboutChinaan

5、daskedmelotsofquestion._解析因其前有表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的修飾語(yǔ)lotsof.答案questionquestions3 .代詞：短文改錯(cuò)對(duì)代詞的考查主要涉及人稱代詞的前后一致性(包括指代的一致性和單復(fù)數(shù)的一致性)、人稱代詞的主格與賓格變化、各類代詞的誤加與漏用(尤其是一些易受漢語(yǔ)影響的結(jié)構(gòu))、某些不定代詞的用法(尤其是在意思上用錯(cuò))、代詞在某些習(xí)語(yǔ)中的用法等.(10)Davidpointedtoapathwhichithethoughtwouldprobablyleadtoavillage.解析因它與其前的關(guān)系代詞which語(yǔ)義重復(fù).答案去掉it(11)Whenwewalked

6、tothecar,Billsmiledandshookhead.解析漢語(yǔ)為"搖頭",而英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣是說(shuō)shakeone'shead.答案head前加his(12)Weclimbeverywhere,notonlyinAmerica.TheyhavebeentoEuropemanytimes.解析前后人稱不一致.答案They一We(13)TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.解析因前面的theSmiths指的是“史密斯夫婦/一家“,是復(fù)數(shù)意義.答案his一their4 .形容詞與副詞：形容詞與副詞主要考查兩個(gè)方面：(1)形容詞與副詞

7、的錯(cuò)用.包括近義形容詞的錯(cuò)用、近義副詞的錯(cuò)用、形容詞與副詞之間的混用以及以一ly結(jié)尾的副詞和不是以一ly結(jié)尾的同根副詞之間的誤用、動(dòng)詞一ing形式和動(dòng)詞-ed形式的形容詞辨析等；(2)原級(jí)、比擬級(jí)和最高級(jí)的誤用.包括原級(jí)、比擬級(jí)和最高級(jí)之間的混用；比擬級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)使用不當(dāng).常見(jiàn)的比擬級(jí)修飾語(yǔ)有abit,alittle,much,far,many,alot,even等；常見(jiàn)的最高級(jí)修飾語(yǔ)有almost,byfar,nearly等；常見(jiàn)的和原級(jí)搭配的結(jié)構(gòu)有as.as;how與what的混用也是常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn).(14)LastSunday,policecarshurriedtothetallerbuildi

8、nginNewYork.解析因從含義上看此處應(yīng)是最高級(jí).答案tallertallest(15)Asaresult,peopleinthemodernworldgenerallylivemuchmorelongerthanpeopleinthepast.解析由于longer本身已是比擬級(jí),不能再用more修飾.答案去掉more5 .介詞與介詞短語(yǔ)：短文改錯(cuò)中對(duì)介詞的考查主要集中在介詞短語(yǔ)及介詞與動(dòng)詞、形容詞、名詞的搭配等.介詞與名詞的常見(jiàn)搭配：與to搭配的名詞：answer,reply,key,visit,apology,introduction,entrance,invitation等.與in

9、搭配的名詞：expert,interest等.與on搭配的名詞：mercy,congratulation等.其他介詞與名詞的搭配：victoryover,advantageover,respectfor,prizefor等.(16)Billinsistedinstayingnearthecar.解析insiston為固定搭配.答案in-on(17)Whentheycamedown,thepolicewereangrytothem.解析要表示“對(duì)某人生氣,習(xí)慣上用beangrywithsb.答案to一with(18)Mostpeoplecanquicklygetforhelpfromadocto

10、rorgotoahospitalsincetheyareill.解析因其前的get是及物動(dòng)詞.答案去掉for6 .動(dòng)詞：除動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之外,動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)還包括被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞用法辨析、動(dòng)詞be(19)CharlesandLindawereseeingnearthetopofthebuilding.解析由于從含義上看,此處謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).答案seeing一seen(20)Booksmaybekeepforfourweeks.解析因此處要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).答案keep一kept(21).andletyouknowwhenthebookyouwanthasreturned.解析因從句意上看,

11、此處要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).答案returned前加been(22)UncleBenwillalsogobackforChristmas.解析由句意可知.答案go一come(23)TheyeagertoknoweverythingaboutChinaandaskedmelotsofquestions.解析因此處缺謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.答案eager前加were7.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：短文改錯(cuò)對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考查主要涉及不定式符號(hào)to的有無(wú),介詞后該使用動(dòng)詞的什么形式(用動(dòng)名詞),并列結(jié)構(gòu)中幾個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否一致,動(dòng)詞用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)用何種形式(可用動(dòng)名詞或不定式,但不能用動(dòng)詞原形)等.(24)DavidandIwantedgoof

12、ftofindhelpbutBillinsistedonstayingnearthecar.解析由于want后要接不定式.答案wanted后加to(25).ratherthangointotheforestandgettinglost.解析由于get與其前的go并列.答案getting一get(26)Modernpeopleknowmoreabouthealth,havebetterfood,andtoliveinclearersurroundings.解析由于live與其前的know,have并列.答案去掉live前的to(27) .youpaythecostofsendapostcard,

13、thelibrarianwillwritetoyou.解析由于介詞后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ).答案send一sending模擬短文改錯(cuò)Mother'sDaywasaroundthecorner.Mygoodfriend1.Alice,JennyandIgettogether,discussingwhatweshoulddoto2.ourrespectfor.Alicewasplanningtobuysomeflowerswith3.hispocketmoneyinhonorofhermother.Jennywasgoingtobuy4.vegetablestocookdeliciousdinne

14、rforherfamilyonthatday,because5.shewantedtoexperiencehowmanyhermotherdoesforherfamily6.everyday.Asforme,I'dliketomakeagreetingcard,said7.“HappyMother'sDay",inwhichIwouldalsotellmymother8.topayattentiontohealthorpromisehertostudyharder.9.WearelookingforwardtoMother'sDay.10.【參考答案及解析】1

15、. friend-friends考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù).根據(jù)后為可知應(yīng)是兩人,故用復(fù)數(shù)形式.2. get-got考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài).根據(jù)上文可知事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí).3. 去掉for考查介詞的用法.此處what作do的賓語(yǔ),for是多余的.4. his-her考查代詞指代一致.根據(jù)文意Alice是女名,故用her.5. cook后加a考查冠詞的用法.此處dinner是可數(shù)名詞,其前應(yīng)加a.6. many-much考查詞義的區(qū)別.此處domuchfor為.做得多.7. said-saying考查現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ).此處相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句whichsays"HappyMother'sDay

16、"8. in-on考查介詞的用法.此處onwhich相當(dāng)于onthecard.9.or-and考查句意理解.此處and表并列.10.V經(jīng)分析本句正確.卜面短文中有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤.請(qǐng)?jiān)谟绣e(cuò)誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個(gè)單詞.增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)A,并在其下面寫(xiě)上該加的詞.刪除：把多余的詞用斜線劃掉.修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫(xiě)上修改后的詞.注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞.2.只允許修改10處,多者從第11除起不計(jì)分.例如：ItwasverynicetogetyourinvitationtospendAweekendwithyou.LuckilyIwasTheam

17、completelyfreethen,soI'lltosay"yes",I'n(arr:00ipi.mr回Flrateyrouonevening.2021年浙江高考真題:Iwasplayingatmycousinhouse.Sincehisfamilywasrichthanmine,hehadmoretoysthanIdid.TherewasoneonparticularI'dalwayswanted.Iputintomypocketwhenhewasn'tlooking.Iguessed,evenatthatage,Iwouldneverb

18、eabletoenjoytoplayingwiththetoyorfacedmycousinagain;IwouldalwaysknowI'ddonesomethingwrong.Lateon,myauntdrovemehome.Whenshedroppedmeoff,Ipulledoutthetoyslowandgaveitback.Sheknowswhathadhappened,butshethankedmeandevermentioneditagain.參考答案：Iwasplayingatmycousinhouse.Sincehisfamilywasrichthanmine,he

19、hadmoretoysthanIdid.cousin'sricherTherewasoneonparticularI'dalwayswanted.Iputintomypocketwhenhewasn'tlooking.Iguessed,input后加itevenatthatage,Iwouldneverbeabletoenjoytoplayingwiththetoyorfacedmycousinagain;Iwould去掉tofacealwaysknowI'ddonesomethingwrong.Lateon,myauntdrovemehome.Whenshed

20、roppedmeoff,ILaterpulledoutthetoyslowandgaveitback.Sheknowswhathadhappened,butshethankedmeandeverslowlyknewnevermentioneditagain.2021年浙江高考真題：下面短文中有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤.請(qǐng)?jiān)谟绣e(cuò)誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個(gè)單詞.增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)A,并在其下面寫(xiě)上該加的詞.刪除：把多余的詞用斜線劃掉.修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫(xiě)上修改后的詞.注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞.2.只允許修改10處,多者從第11除起不計(jì)分.Myoldclassroo

21、mwasinterestingbecausethreesideoftheclassroomweremadefromglass.Ienjoyedsitclosetothewindowsandlookingattheview.Ontheleft-handsideoftheclass,Icouldeasyseethefootballfield.Inthemornings,itwasfullofstudentsexercising.Theviewfromthebackoftheclassroomisalsosplendid.Closetotheschooltherewasabeautifulparkw

22、ithmanytreesaroundthem.Fartherinthedistance,Icouldnotenjoytheviewofsnowymountains.Ontherightsideoftheclasswastheroad.Iwasalwaysinterestedtoseethedriversinhurryinthemorning.ThepositionoftheclassroomwithitsviewmademefeltlikeIwasdreaming.IfIwasonlyachildwhenIstudiedinthatclassroom,Iwillneverforgetit.參考

23、答案：Myoldclassroomwasinterestingbecausethreesideoftheclassroomweremadefromglass.Ienjoyedsidesofsitclosetothewindowsandlookingattheview.Ontheleft-handsideoftheclass,Icouldeasyseethesittingeasilyfootballfield.Inthemornings,itwasfullofstudentsexercising.Theviewfromthebackoftheclassroomisisalsosplendid.C

24、losetotheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytreesaroundthem.Fartherintheitdistance,Icouldnotenjoytheviewofsnowymountains.Ontherightsideoftheclasswastheroad.Iwasnot去掉alwaysinterestedtoseethedriversinhurryinthemorning.Thepositionoftheclassroomwithitsview加amademefeltlikeIwasdreaming.IfIwasonlyachildwh

25、enIstudiedinthatclassroom,IwillneverforgetfeelThough/Althoughit.短文改錯(cuò).假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同學(xué)寫(xiě)的以下作文.文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處.錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改.增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)A,并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞.刪除：把多余的詞用斜線劃掉.修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞.注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處,多者從第11處起不計(jì)分.Walter'sgoalinlifewasbecomeasuccessfullydoctor.Heknewhehadtofinishhighschoolfirst,soheputhisheartintohers