2020年中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解15篇沖刺訓(xùn)練(有答案)

1、2020年中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解15篇沖刺訓(xùn)練（精選中考真題+解析答案，值得下載）（一）Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of food people need.They say that there are several kinds of food that people should eat every day. They are: green and yellow vegetables of all kinds； citrus（柑橘）fruit and tomatoes ； potatoes and other fruit and v

2、egetables； meat of all kinds, fish and eggs ； food made from milk ； bread or cereal（谷類(lèi)），rice is also in this kind of food ； butter or something like butter.People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things. Food is cooked and eaten in many different kinds

3、of ways. People in different countries eat at different times of a day. In some places people eat once or twice a day; in other countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists say that none of the differences is really important. It doesnt matter whether food is eaten raw（生的）or cooked, ca

4、nned（罐裝的）or frozen. It doesnt matter if a person eats dinner at four oclock in the afternoon or at eleven oclock at night. The important thing is what you eat every day.There is a large number of people on the earth. There are two problems in feeding them. The first is to find some ways to make enou

5、gh food so that no one is hungry. The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kinds of food so they can grow to be strong and healthy.（）61 .According to the scientists, which of the following groups of food is the healthiest for your lunch?A. Oranges, bananas, fish and tomatoes.

6、 B. Chicken, apples, cereal and cabbage.C. Beef, pork, fish and milk.D. Potatoes, carrots, rice and bread.（） 62.It is important for people to eat .A .different kinds of food every dayB. dinner at eleven oclockC. cooked food all the timeD. three times a day（） 63.People in different countries and diff

7、erent places of the world .A. have the right kinds of food to eatB. cook their food in the same wayC. eat food in different waysD. have their meals at the same time（） 64.Which of the following is NOT true?A. People in some places dont have enough food to eat.B. There are too many people in the world

8、.C. The scientists are trying to make people grow to be strong and healthy.D. One of the problems is that no one is hungry.()65. If there is paragraph 4,what do you think is going to be talked about?A. When people eat their lunch.B. How to cook food in different ways.C. What to do with the two probl

9、ems.D. Why people eat different kinds of food.(二)Researchers have studied left-handedness for at least 150 years. However, what makes a person become left-handed remains unknown, although there are many theories about it.A recent UK study of unborn babies found that handedness might develop before t

10、heir births. About nine out of ten unborn babies preferred to put their right hand into their mouths. Another finding is that mothers who are over 40 at the time of a child s birth are 128% more likely能的)to have a left-handed baby than a woman in her twenties.Since about 90% people are right-handed,

11、 left-handed people do go through some difficulties. As our writing runs from left to right, it is hard for a left-handed person to write without smudging( 模糊)the ink. What s more, most tools such as scissors and kitchen knives are designed for use with the right hand. It can be dangerous if they ar

12、e operated with the left hand.In the past, left-handed children were forced to use their right hand. Luckily, now fewer people have a bias against left-handers. Left-handed children are no longer looked down upon in school. Some shops sell products for left-handers, such as left-handed guitars and e

13、ven a left-handed computer mouse. Since 1976, there has been an unusual day for left-handers. International Left- Handers Day is celebrated on August 13th every year. It draws people s attenchallenges left-handers face in a world full of right-handers. More and more people have realized left-handedn

14、ess is nothing strange. Some of the most famous left handed people include Mark Twain, Winston Churchill, Barack Obama and Bill Gates.()61. A baby may develop left-handedness when.A. nine out of ten babies do soB. his mum is in her twenties at his birthC. his mum gives birth to him at an older ageD.

15、 he puts his right hand into his mouth often()62. One problem for left-handed people is that.A. their handwriting is awfulB. people think they are dangerousC. kitchen knives are too big for their left handsD. many things are made only for right-handers()63. The underlined word bias“ means in Chinese

16、 in this passage.A.態(tài)度B.偏見(jiàn)C.恐懼D.偏好()64. From the passage, we know that left-handed children in the past.A. lived a comfortable lifeC. were very popular at schoolB. were not considered normalD. could use products for left-handersA. International Left-Handers DayB. Challenges for Left-handersC. Left-ha

17、ndedness, Nothing StrangeD. Reasons for Left-handedness)65. The best title of this passage isYour house may have an effect on your shape of your body. Experts say the way you design(設(shè)計(jì))your home could play a role in whether you put on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work f

18、or you instead of against you. Here are some ways to change your home into part of your diet plan.Open the curtains(窗簾)and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, forpeople are often less awkward when theyre in poorly lia pdasesmore likely to eat lots of food.

19、If your homedoesnt have enough window light, get more lights and flood the place with brightness.Mind the colors. Research suggests warm colors make us eat more. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed(消化)33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room. Warm colors like yellow

20、make food appear more appetizing while cold colors make us feel less hungry. So when its time to repaint, go blue.Dont forget the clockor the radio. People who eat slowly seem to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里)per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin paying attention to the time,

21、 and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while youre at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 perc

22、ent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake( 攝取量)jumps by 14 percent. And we ll pour about 30 percent more#quid(nto a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.()61. The passage is especially helpful for those who ca

23、re about.A. house buyingB. their body shapeC. healthy dietsD. their home comforts()62. A home environment in blue can help people.A. take in food betterB. burn more caloriesC. reduce food intakenD. feel less awkward()63. The underlined word“ appetizing “ probably meanse passage.A.精致的B.惡心的C.飽腹的D.開(kāi)胃的)

24、64. People advised toat mealtimes.A. eat quicklyB. play fast music.C. use smaller spoonsD. turn down the lightsA. Ways of Serving DinnerC. Effects of Self-awareness)65. The best title for the passage isB. Is Your House Making You Fat?.D. Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?（四）Animals can move from pla

25、ce to place , but plants cannot. When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back. Plants certainly cannot run away , and they have no teeth or claws. But plants can protect themselves in both physical and chemical ways.Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away. For example ,

26、 the leaves of the holly（冬青）have sharp prickles（刺）that discourage gra ss eating animals. Holly leaves on lower places have more prickles than leaves on upper places. This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach. Some plants, such as the oak trees腮樹(shù)），have thick and hard leave

27、s that are difficult for animals to eat. Some grasses may contain asandy material, and eating such grasses wears down the animals teeth. Many plants also have chemical defenses. Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter（苦）or cause an unpleasant reaction. Some plants may fight against an attack

28、 by increasing the production of these chemicals. When a worm bites a tobacco leaf （煙葉）, the leaf produces a chemical smell. Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China , for instance , has prickly leaves , and each prickle has poisonous water（毒液）. Only one ex

29、perience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future.（）61.A plant when it is under attack.A.can protect itselfB.can run away C.can fight backD.must die（）62.According to the passage, the leaves of the holly have sharp prickles becauseA.they are beautiful to watchB.

30、they stop people from picking（）63.An oak tree protects itself becauseA.it has leaves with sharp pricklesB.it has leaves with a sandy materialC.they stop grass-eating animalsD.they are lowerC.it has thick and hard leavesD.its leaves taste bitter（）64.What does the underlined word sandy“ mean in Chines

31、e?A.含鹽的 B.壞掉的 C.含沙的D.腐爛的）65.The main idea of this passage isA.holly has its own ways to keep animals awayC.several ways to protect plantsB.some plants leaves can protect themD.plants can protect themselves in their own ways（五）A caterpillar（毛毛蟲(chóng)）that eats plastic bags could hold the key to solving pla

32、stic pollution , scientists say.Researchersat Cambridge University have discovered that the caterpillar which eats beeswax（蜂蠟）， can also degrade峰解）plastic.Experiments show the insect can break down the chemical bonds（鍵）of plastic in a similar way to absorbingbeeswax.Each year, about 80 million tons

33、of the plastic are produced around the world.The plastic is used to make shopping bags, food packaging, one-off raincoat and other things, but it can take hundreds of years to degrade completely.However, caterpillars can make holes in a plastic bag in under an hour. The caterpillar will be the stain

34、eed to understand the details under which this process operates.We hope to provide the technical solution to cutting down the problem of plastic waste,“ the scientist said. And the scientists who discovered it want to speed up the proof discovering the chemical secrets behind the natural degradation

35、 of plastic.They think something in the caterpillar as well as the insect itself might play a role in breaking down plastic.If the chemical process can be found out, it could lead to a solution to managing plastic waste in the environment. arte planning to use this finding in a practical way to get

36、rid of plastic waste, working towards a solution to saving our oceans and rivers, “ said the scientist. , wHowever not feel good to dump plastic on purpose in our environment just because we now know how to degrade it.”A.it is fed on beeswax)61.Scientists think the caterpillar hold the key to solvin

37、g plastic pollution becauseB.it can be done experimentsC.it can degrade plasticD.it makes no waste)62.Plastic is used forA.making shopping bagsC.one-off raincoatsB.food packagingD.all of the above)63.The key point of the solution is thatA.the caterpillar is a key point of the researchB.the chemical

38、process which degrades the plasticC.the caterpillar plays a key role in breaking down plasticD.how to speed up the discovering of the chemical secrets)64.The underlined word dump meansin Chinese.A.購(gòu)買(mǎi)B.售賣(mài)C.扔掉D.降解)65.What is the best title of this passage?A.How caterpillars degrade plasticC.Scientists

39、 have found the chemical processB.Scientists are working towards plastic degradeD.Caterpillars may help to solve plastic pollution(六)What is the worst disease in the world? Many people might say it is cancer (癌癥).Cancer will kill about 9.6 million people in the world this year, according to the Worl

40、d Health Organization. Scientists have been working to find ways tobeat cancer. A lot of progress has been made in this field.James P Allison from the US and Japanese researcher Tasuku Honjo discovered a new kind of cancer treatment that earned them the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in

41、October. The new treatment can make our immune systems （免疫系統(tǒng)）strong enough to effectively fight cancer cells. It is hoped that this treatment can be used to treat most cancers in the future.This is not the only recent improvement in cancer treatment. In November, the US Food and Drug Administration

42、approved a new cancer drug called Vitrakvi. Instead of being effective only for treating specific types of cancer, this drug can be used to treat 17 different kinds of cancer, including lung cancer and breast cancer, USA Today reported.Finding cancer as early as possible is the best way to beat it.

43、To check people for cancer, doctors must collect tissue from a patient tum or （腫瘤）and test it. This process can take a long time. But in December, scientists from the University of Queensland in Australia developed a simple cancer test that can detect （ 檢測(cè)）cancer in a patient s bloo The test takes l

44、ess than 10 minutes. The test is about 90 percenaccurate, the Guardian reported.With all of these treatments, cancer can be effectively controlled. Honjo believes most kinds of cancer will become treatable by 2050.“ Even if we cannot completely elimnae the tumor, we can survive while still having pa

45、rt of atumor, “ Honjo said at a press conference in Stockholm, Sweden, in December.（）61.Who won the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine?A. James P AllisonB. Tasuku HonjoC. VitrakviD. James P Allison and Tasuku Honjo（）62. Which of the following is TRUE about the new cancer treatment?A. It was

46、discovered in October, 2018.B. It can be used to treat all the cancers in the future.C. It is the only recent improvement in cancer treatment.D. It can make our immune systems strong enough to effectively fight cancer cells.（）63. What does the underlined word accurate“ probably mean in Chinese?A.有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

47、的B.準(zhǔn)確的C.錯(cuò)誤的D.有誤差的（ ）64.According to the passage, the best way to beat cancer is to.A.find it as early as possibleB. eliminate the tumor completelyC. detect it in the patient s blood D. discover a new treatment（）65.The passage is mainly about.A. the great progress made to beat cancer B. a new cancer

48、treatmentC. the best way to beat cancerD. two famous scientists（七）For us humans, one of the greatest experiences is to taste all kinds of delicious food.But for penguins, they cannot get a taste of this happiness. That because penguins can Actually taste the delicious flavors （味道）of their favorite f

49、oodfish!Scientists from the University of Michigan examined the genome （ 基因組）of five species of penguins.They found that no one can taste umami 鮮味）,the flavor of meat or fish,the BBC reported.Many animals have five basic tastes: sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami. But according to genetic data, pe

50、nguins are believed to have only sour and salty tastes.These findings are surprising and puzzling. And scientists don a good explan attch舊for them. But they have a few ideas.First, one of the umami genes doesn t work in cold temperatures. It s about zero degrees wheZhang Jianzhi,the lead scientist,

51、told the Daily Mail, so even if the penguins had a functional (功能的)gene, it might notwork when they needed it.Second, penguins tong ues() are very special which may have something to do with their lack of taste. Instead of being covered with taste buds which help to taste food, penguinsare very spik

52、yThtonisibetter for them to holdslippery(滑的)fish than tasting them. One study even showed that some types of penguins don t even havHowever, penguins seem to be managing just fine.“Their behavior of swallowing food whole, and their tongue structure and function, suggest that penguins need no taste p

53、erception, “ said Zhang.()61. How many tastes do penguins have?A. FourB. ThreeC. TwoD. Five.()62. From the passage, we can learn that.A. temperatures can decide the umami genes of penguinsB. the umami genes in penguins would work when neededC. penguins umami genes work well in cold temperaturesD. pe

54、nguins tongues are very slippery( )63. The underlined word spiky means.A.圓滑的 B.美味的C.釘子似的D.軟綿綿的( )64. All of the following decide that penguins need no taste perception EXCEPT .A. they always swallow food whole B. they live in cold temperaturesC. their tongue function is different D. their tongue str

55、ucture is special()65. The study finds that .A. different penguins have their own favorite fishB. penguins have different genomes for the fivetastesC. penguins don t have any of the）av tastesD. penguins can t taste the flavor of fish（八）In recent history, there have been some amazing inventions which

56、 have changed our lives.The plane has made international travel faster and easier. The Internet has brought people closer. And you must know the names of some famous inventors like Henry Ford and Steve Jobs. But there are many everyday objects which you probably don and you don t know who invented t

57、hem. Take for example Nils Bohlin, who inventee modern-day car seat belt &全 帶）.Before 1959, only two -point seat belts were available, and the only people who often wore them were race car drivers. The two- point seat belt couldn t protect passengers from internal injufiesduring serious car accident

58、s.In 1958, Bohlin joined V olvo Car Corporation as a safety engineer. He came up with the three-point seat belt to keep passengers from flying out of their cars during collisions The three-point seat belt used one strap 帶子）across the chest （胸部）and another across the legs and then the two joined at the same place. Amazingly, this was a very s