(word完整版)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)知識(shí)點(diǎn),推薦文檔

1、初中一年級(jí)形容詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)講解以及習(xí)題比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成一、形容詞級(jí)的構(gòu)成1. 單音節(jié)形容詞的比較級(jí)以及以 -ly, -er, -ow 結(jié)尾的形容詞在詞尾加-er；以e 結(jié)尾的形容詞在詞尾直接加-r構(gòu)成。darkdarker;quick quicker;early earlier; clever cleverer; simple simpler;narrow narrower。（1）單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞一般在詞尾加er 或est：bright _ _; 以不發(fā)音的 e 字母結(jié)尾的加 r,或 st：large; 以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的變 y 為 I 加 er 或 est:easy； 以一個(gè)輔

2、音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母再加er 或 est: big 以 er，ow 結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞加er 或 est:clever slow2. 多音節(jié)形容詞的比較級(jí)在其前加more構(gòu)成。 importantmoreimportant; beautiful morefulbeauti。3. 表語(yǔ)形容詞以及由分詞變來(lái)的形容詞，在其前加more 構(gòu)成。afraid more afraid;interesting moreinteresting;pleased morepleased。4. 少數(shù)形容詞的比較級(jí)是不規(guī)則的：good, well; bad, badly, ill;much, ma

3、ny; little; far; old;5.部分形容詞本身表示最高級(jí)，因此他們沒(méi)有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式： favourite round注：只有少數(shù)形容詞和副詞有兩種比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式：clever old far原級(jí)比較1. 由“as + 形容詞 + as”或“as + 形容詞 + 名詞 + as ”構(gòu)成。My grandpa is as energetic as a young man.Exercise is as useful a way as any other to lose unwanted weight.I try to find as much information as I

4、 can about what happened.2. 由“ not so (as) + 形容詞 + as”或“ not so (as)+ 形容詞 + 名詞 + as ”構(gòu)成。Luckily the weather was not so wet as it is today.不同級(jí)比較1. 由“形容詞比較級(jí) + than ”構(gòu)成。He is more concerned about others than about himself.2. 由“many / much more + 可數(shù) / 不可數(shù)名詞 + than”My friend earned much more money than I

5、 did last year.特殊句型1.比“較級(jí) and + 比較級(jí) ”或 “ more and more / less and less +原級(jí) ”結(jié)構(gòu)表示 “越來(lái)越 ”的意思，與這類結(jié)構(gòu)搭配的常用動(dòng)詞有g(shù)row, get, become等。She felt herself becoming more and more nervous.As the winter is drawing near, it's getting colder and colder.2. the + 比較級(jí)+ of the two + 名詞。Jane is the taller of the two chi

6、ldren in our family.3. “ the比+較級(jí) ，the + 比較級(jí) ”，表示 “越 ，越”。The more magazines you sell, the more money you will get.4. 否“定 + 比較級(jí) ” 相當(dāng)于最高級(jí)。 Wait until we get a satisfactory reply, will you? I couldn't agree more. The idea sounds great to me.5. “ a比+較級(jí) + 名詞（ than） ” 結(jié)構(gòu)常出現(xiàn)在以 never 構(gòu)成的完成時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞后面。How bea

7、utifully she sings！I have never heard a better voice.6. 倍數(shù)表示法： times as + 形容詞原級(jí) + as；times + 形容詞比較級(jí) + than； times the + 性質(zhì)名詞+ of。The dining hall is three times as large as that one.The dining hall is three times larger than that one.The dining hall is three times the size of that one.7、 the more . t

8、he more 表示.“越 越” : The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is. The more food you eat, the fatter you are.8、 more and more 表.示 “越來(lái) 越” :More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language.Our country is getting stronger and stronger.注意事項(xiàng)1. 為了避免重復(fù) , 常用 the one 代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 , the

9、ones, those代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞 , that 代替單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。2. 當(dāng)比較對(duì)象屬于同一范圍時(shí)，需使用other 來(lái)排除自身，否則會(huì)造成與自身相比較的矛盾。Canada is larger than any other country in North America.4. “ no形+容詞的比較級(jí) + than 結(jié)”構(gòu)表達(dá)對(duì)兩者均否定。Don't be proud so early. You are no better than me5. 比較級(jí)前面可以用 even, still, yet , any, much, rather, a little, a lot, by fa

10、r 等修飾語(yǔ)用以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣或表示比較程度。To tell you the truth, my boyfriend is much older than me.鞏固練習(xí)：（一）寫出下列形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)形式：long_ _ wide _ _ fat _ _heavy_ _ slow _ _ few_ _brightly_ -_ bably _ _ far_ _quickly _ _ happy_ -_ unhappy_(二)用所給詞的正確形式填空：1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _ (clever).2. Gold(黃金 ) is _ (litt

11、le) useful than iron(鐵).3. My sister is two years _ (old ) than I.4. John s parents have four daughters, and she is the (young) child.5. The _ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones.6. The short one is by far _ expensive of the five.7. The boy is not so _ (interesting) as his brother.8. Dick

12、 sings _ (well), she sings _(well) than John, but Mary sings_(well) in her class.9. She will be much _ (happy) in her mew house.10. This dress is _ that.(twice, as as , expensive)(三)選擇填空：1 He feels _ today than yesterday.A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired2. Which do you like _, cof

13、fee, tea or milk? A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst3. Of the two toys, the child chose_.A. the expensive one B. one most expensiveC. a least expensive D. the most expensive of them 4. The line is _ than that one.A. more longer B. not longer C. much more longer D. many more longer 5. The ea

14、rth is _ the moon. A. as 49 times big asB. 49 times as bigger as C. 49 times as big as D.as big as 49 times6. The book is _ of the two.A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest 7. She looks _ than she does.A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older 8. The garden is b

15、ecoming _.A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautiful C. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler9. They competed（比賽） to see who could work _. A. the fastest and best B. the faster and the betterC. fastest and better D. faster and better 10._ hurry, _speed.A. More, le

16、ss B. Much, little C. The more, the less D. The much, the little11. This kind of coffee is different _.A. and it is also better B. and better than the other C. but also than others D. from the other, and better (四)翻譯句子：1 本書跟那本書一樣有趣。This book is _ _ _ that one.2 你游泳沒(méi)有你弟弟好。 You can t swim _ _ _ yourbr

17、other.3今天比昨天冷的多。 It is _ _ today_ it was yesterday.4 對(duì)這個(gè)故事我比另一個(gè)喜歡的多。This story is _ _ than that one.5 他比我大兩歲。 He is _ _ _ than I.6 這個(gè)故事不如那個(gè)有趣。This story is _ _ _ than thatone.7 她的身體狀況一天天好起來(lái)。He is getting _ _ _every day.8.他對(duì)英語(yǔ)越來(lái)越感興趣。He is becoming _ _ _ _ English.9.他吃的越多，人越胖。 The more he eats, the _

18、he gets.10.你的問(wèn)題是兩個(gè)中比較難的那個(gè)。Your question is _ _ of two.根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞答題1. The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here _.A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest【解析】答案選B。做此題的關(guān)鍵詞是new，即把 “新來(lái)的學(xué)生 ”與“早些時(shí)候呆在這兒的學(xué)生”進(jìn)行比較。全句意為：新來(lái)的這群學(xué)生比早些時(shí)候呆在這兒的那些學(xué)生表現(xiàn)得更好些。2. Do you need any

19、help, Lucy?Yes, the job is _ I could do myself.A. less than B. more than C. no more than D. not more than【解析】答案選 B。做此題要抓的關(guān)鍵詞是yes，由于答話者對(duì)問(wèn)話者的 “你需要幫助嗎？ ”作了肯定回答，說(shuō)明答話者獨(dú)自完成工作有困難，故填more than。3. Of the two coats, Id choose the _ one to spare some monefor a book.A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. mo

20、st expensive【解析】答案選B。關(guān)鍵詞是句中的two ，因是兩者比較，故用比較級(jí)，可將答案鎖定在B 和 C 之間；再根據(jù)句意，排除C。通過(guò)分析的隱含意思答題1. There is an old proverb, “ Loveme, love my dog. ”But there is_ wisdom in this: “ Love me, love my book. A. some B. much C. more D. most”【解析】答案選C。這道題出得非常巧妙，句中既沒(méi)有顯示比較級(jí)的關(guān)鍵詞，也沒(méi)有暗示用比較級(jí)的than。而是將 “ Love me, love mydog”與“

21、Love me, love my book兩句進(jìn)”行比較，要求考生根據(jù)這兩句話的內(nèi)容確定哪句話更有wisdom。2. With April 18 railways speedup, highway and air transport will have to compete with _ service for passengers.A. good B. better C. best D. the best【解析】答案選B。句子大意為：由于鐵路提速了，所以高速公路和航空業(yè)要提高服務(wù)質(zhì)量來(lái)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)客源。因?qū)?“高速公路和航空 ”與“鐵路”比較，故用比較級(jí)。3. The melon the Smith

22、s served at dinner would have tasted _if it had been put in the fridge for a little while. A. good B. better C. best D. well【解析】 B。題目中將 “放入冰箱中冷凍 ”與“不放入冰箱中冷凍”作比較，故用比較級(jí)。句意為：史密斯家人晚餐時(shí)上的甜瓜若能放入冰箱中冷凍一下味道會(huì)更好些。4. Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his_ one.A. better-known B. w

23、ell-known C. best-known D. most-known【解析】 C。因?yàn)槭菑乃鶎懙乃懈柚羞x出一首來(lái)比較，故用最高級(jí)。根據(jù)相關(guān)的修飾關(guān)系答題1. After two years research, we now have a _ better understanding of the disease.A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite【解析】 B。這四個(gè)副詞中，通常只有far 可用于修飾比較。注：quite 有時(shí)也可用于修飾比較better，但它只用于表示 “身體康復(fù) ”，不用于其他意義。2. Work gets done _ when p

24、eople do it together, and the rewards are higher too.A. easily B. very easy C. more easily D. easier【解析】 C。根據(jù)題意可知，說(shuō)話者是將 when people do it together 和 when people don t do it together這兩種情況比較，故選比較級(jí)。注意不要選 D，因?yàn)樵诖祟}是要用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，不能用形容詞。另外，根據(jù)句末的higher too 也可知道此題是考查比較級(jí)。一、考查比較等級(jí)的基本用法1. Of the two sisters, Betty i

25、s _ one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet. (安徽卷 )A. a younger B. a youngest C. the younger D. the youngest【解析】答案選 C。根據(jù)句中的 of the two sisters可知，此題涉及的是兩者比較，故用比較級(jí)；另外，由于是特指兩者中的一個(gè)，故其前用定冠詞，不用不定冠詞。2. Of the two coats, I choosed the _ one to spare some money for a book. (四川卷 )A. cheapest B. che

26、aper C. more expensive D. most expensive【解析】答案選B。因是兩者比較，故用比較級(jí)，可將答案鎖定在 B 和 C 之間；再根據(jù)句意，排除 C。3. Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his_ one. (全國(guó)卷 II)A. better-known B. well-known C. best-known D. most-known【解析】答案選 C。因?yàn)槭菑乃鶎懙乃懈柚羞x出一首來(lái)比較，故用最高級(jí)。二、在語(yǔ)境中考查比較等級(jí)的用法1. I don think

27、 this film is by far the most boring. I have seen_. (江西卷 )A. better B. worse C. the best D. the worst【解析】答案選B。既然前文說(shuō) “這不是最最煩人的電影”，那么下文說(shuō)的肯定就 “還有更糟的 ”，故用 worse。有意思的是， 2006 年的這道江西卷的考題與下面這道2004 年的湖南卷極為相似：That doesn soundt very frightening. Paul, I veseen _.What did you like most about the film? (湖南卷 )A.

28、better B. worse C. best D. worst由前句 “這聽(tīng)起來(lái)并不十分令人恐懼”可知，說(shuō)話人曾見(jiàn)過(guò)比這個(gè)更令人恐懼的事，所以用比較級(jí)worse。2. The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here _. 北(京卷 )A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest【解析】答案選B。做此題的關(guān)鍵詞是new，即把 “新來(lái)的學(xué)生 ”與“早些時(shí)候呆在這兒的學(xué)生”進(jìn)行比較。全句意為：新來(lái)的這群學(xué)生比早些時(shí)候呆在這兒的那些學(xué)生表

29、現(xiàn)得更好些。3. There is an old proverb, “ Loveme, love my dog. ”But there is_ wisdom in this:“Love me, love my book湖南.卷 ) ” ( A. some B. much C. more D. most【解析】答案選 C。由于是將 “ Love me, love my dog與“ Love”me,love my book 進(jìn)”行比較，故用比較級(jí)。此題的巧妙之處在于句中沒(méi)有出現(xiàn) than，而是給出兩個(gè)待比較的proverb。4. With April 18 railways speedup, hi

30、ghway and air transport will have to compete with _ service for passengers江.(蘇卷 )A. good B. better C. best D. the best【解析】答案選B。句子大意為：由于鐵路提速了，所以公路和航空業(yè)要提高服務(wù)質(zhì)量來(lái)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)客源。因?qū)?“公路和航空 ”與“鐵路 ”比較，故用比較級(jí)。三、考查 “否定詞 +a+比較級(jí) ”結(jié)構(gòu)1. Your story is perfect. I ve never heardfore.( 全國(guó)卷beIII)A. the better one B. the best one

31、C. a better one D. a good one【解析】答案選C?！胺穸ㄔ~（尤其是never）+a+比較級(jí) ”的意思是“從來(lái)沒(méi)有 一個(gè)更 的”，這類結(jié)構(gòu)通常可視為在其后省略了一個(gè) than短語(yǔ)，做題時(shí)要注意根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境作出正確的理解，如：I have never read a better article. 我從未讀過(guò)（比這篇文章）更好的文章（=這是我所讀過(guò)的最好的文章）。I have never seen a worse film. 我從沒(méi)看過(guò)（比這部電影）更糟的電影（=這是我所看過(guò)的最糟的電影） 。本題中的 I never heard a better one before 的

32、意思是 “我從未聽(tīng)到過(guò)（比你這個(gè)事故）更好聽(tīng)的事故”。2. Did you enjoy yourself at the party? Yes. I ve never been to _ one before四川卷. )(A. a more excited B. the most excited C. a more exciting D. the mostexciting【解析】答案選C。I ve never been to a more exciting one before實(shí)為 I ve never been to a more exciting one before than this o

33、ne其.意為“我從未參加過(guò)比這個(gè)晚會(huì)更令人興奮的晚會(huì)”，即“這是我參加過(guò)最令人興奮的晚會(huì) ”。又如：I ve never had a worse morning than today我哪.一天早上也不像今天早上這樣倒霉。若意思明確，有時(shí)可省略than 結(jié)構(gòu)： He is fine, never better. 他很好，比以往任何時(shí)候都好。注意：有時(shí)根據(jù)不同語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要，也可能沒(méi)有不定冠詞。 如：No news could be more delightful to me. 這消息最令我高興。I have never drunk better beer. 我從來(lái)沒(méi)喝過(guò)這么好的啤酒。四、考查比較

34、等級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)Aftertwo yearsresearch, we nowhave a _ betterunderstanding of the disease.全(國(guó)卷 II)A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite【解析】答案選 B。這四個(gè)副詞中，通常只有 far 可用于修飾比較級(jí)。注： quite 有時(shí)也可用于修飾比較級(jí) better，但它只用于表示 “身體康復(fù) ”，不用于其他意義。五、考查相似比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別Do you need any help, Lucy?Yes. The job is _ I could do myself. (福建卷 )A. less than B. more than C. no more than D. not more than【