初中英語(yǔ)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)引述別人的話時(shí)，一般采用兩種方式：一是引用別人的原話，把它放在引號(hào)內(nèi)，稱為直接引語(yǔ);二是用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述，被轉(zhuǎn)述的話不放在引號(hào)內(nèi)，稱為間接引語(yǔ)。間接引語(yǔ)在大多數(shù)情況下是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：人稱變化、時(shí)態(tài)變化、賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序等。1. 直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，由連詞that 引導(dǎo)。例如：She said, “I am very happy to be with you.” She said (that) she was very happy to be with me.He said,“I will

2、 choose a book for my students.” He said(that)he would choose a book for his students.2. 直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，變成間接引語(yǔ)，由連詞whether或if 引導(dǎo)。例如：He asked me, “Do you like watching TV?”He asked me if/whether I liked watching TV.He asked, “Are you sure your mother will come?”He asked me whether / if I was sure my moth

3、er would come.注意：大多數(shù)情況下， if和whether 在引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可以互換，但后緊跟or not時(shí),一般只用whether。例如：She asked me whether or not he could do the work. / She asked me whether he could do the work or not.3. 直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，由相應(yīng)的連接詞who, whom, what, whose, how, when, why, where 等引導(dǎo)。例如：He asked: “Where are you to get off, John

4、?” He asked John where he was to get off.My sister asked me, “How do you like the play?”My sister asked me how I liked the play.Tom asked me, “Who is the boy over there?”Tom asked me, “Who was the boy over there?”4. 直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，其間接引語(yǔ)由主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞ask(委婉語(yǔ)氣)，tell(一般語(yǔ)氣)，order (命令語(yǔ)氣)或warn, advise等+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(名/代詞+動(dòng)詞不定式)

5、構(gòu)成。如：He said, “Please come here again tomorrow.”He asked me to go there again the next day.“Be careful with the dog.”He warned me to be careful with the dog.5. 直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果引述動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去式，需注意時(shí)態(tài)的變化：如：1) Betty said, “Lingling is singing in the classroom now.” 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)Betty said Lingling was singing in the clas

6、s room then.-過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)2) He said, “I will go to London next week.” 一般將來(lái)時(shí)He said he would go to London next week. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)3) My mother said, “I have already cleaned the house.” 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)My mother said she had already cleaned the house. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)注意:1. 直接引語(yǔ)是客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理等，主句盡管是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。例如：They told their

7、son,“The earth goes round the sun.”They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.2. 直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)， 指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞等要作相應(yīng)的變化。如：thisthat, thesethose, nowthen, todaythat day, yesterdaythe day before, last yearthe year before, agobefore, herethere comego等。例如：He said, “I havent seen them today.” He

8、 said that he hadnt seen them that day.但是，如果轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)對(duì)話人雙方就在原來(lái)的地方，或在說(shuō)話的當(dāng)天，就不必改變相應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等?？傊?對(duì)這些變化不能機(jī)械理解，應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)決定所作的變化。3. 間接引語(yǔ)一般要用陳述句的語(yǔ)序，即主、謂、賓的順序。例如：He asked Lucy,“Where did you go?”He asked Lucy where she w直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1.單項(xiàng)填空1.He said, "I am living with my brother."He said that _ was livi

9、ng with his brother.A. IB. youC. he D. they2.He said, "You are sure to get a warm welcome there."He said that we _ sure to get a warm welcome there.A. am B. wasC. were D. are3.She says, "Something is wrong with my bike."She says that something is wrong with _ bike.A. myB.aC. his

10、D. her4.He said, "I will not do so again."He said that he _ not do so again.A. will B. mustC. wouldD. do5.The teacher said, "My son had the same experience as the little boy."The teacher said that his son had _ the same experience as the little boy.A. been B. haveC. hadD. done6.S

11、he said to me, "My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday."She told me that her mother had taken _ to an exhibition the day before.A. she B. me C. her D. you7.You said to me, "I saw the film two days ago."You told me that you had seen the film _A. two daysB. two days beforeC.

12、two days agoD. yesterday8.He said to his younger sister, "You may come with me."He told his younger sister that _ with him.A. you may come B. you might comeC. she might come D. she might go9.The student said to me, "She has made a close study of the problem."The student told me t

13、hat she _ a close study of the problem.A. has makeB. have madeC. had makeD. had made10.He said, "I live here."He said that he lived_.A. thereB. hereC. in there D. at there、將下列句子改為間接引語(yǔ) 1. “I'm glad to receive your e-mail,” said he. _ 2. He said to me, “Are you going home this weekend?”

14、_ 3. “How do you like the food here?” said she. _ 4. She said to me, “Don't ride in the street.” _ 5. “Stand where you are!” the police said to the young man. _ II. 請(qǐng)?jiān)谙铝锌瞻滋幪钌线m當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)，使句意不變。 1 She said, “Are you from the south?” She asked _ I _ from the south. 2. Mom said to me, “Don't tell a li

15、e.” Mom _ me _ _ tell a lie. 3 Susan said to me, “We visited the Red Star Farm last week.” Susan told me that _ _ _ the Red Star Farm _ _ _. 4 Mr Paul said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.” Mr Paul _ us that light _ faster than sound. 5 “Go and post the letters,” the manager said to him. The

16、 manager _ him _ _ and post the letters. 6. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that _ never _ meat.7. “Ive found my wallet.” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.8. “I took it home with me.” she said. She said that _ _ _ it home with her.9. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and g

17、oes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.10. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.He _ me that he _ met the day _.11. “You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.12. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.He said

18、that he _ bought the house 10 years _.13. “Did you see her last week?” he said.He _ _ I had seen her the week _.14. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there15. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.16. “Where have you been these days?” he ask

19、ed.He asked me _ _ _been _ days. 17. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.18. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said. He _ the children _ _ making so much noise.19. “Dont tell him the news.” she said.She told me _ _ _ him the news. 20. “Are you intested in this?” he said.He _ _ I was interestd in _.【參考答案】 1. He said that he was glad to