英語作文開頭技巧小結(jié)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上英語作文開頭技巧小結(jié) 常言道“良好的開端是成功的一半?！弊魑拈_頭如果能恰倒好處，常常能一下子抓住讀者，也能增加文章的亮點。所以能否靈活自如地、獨特精當?shù)貙懞米魑拈_頭往往關系到一篇文章的成敗。對于英語作文來說，寫好開頭尤為重要。英語作文篇幅簡短，開頭更須明確文章主題。下面介紹幾種常用的英語作文開頭寫作方法。1、開門見山，直入正題（開門見山法） 開門見山法要求開頭用一兩句話就引出主題，也就是說，讓讀者快速了解文章的主旨，一目了然，而不是去繞圈子，最終不知所云。比如unit1 Book4的Are women given a fair chance?（婦女有同等的機會嗎）的開

2、頭： I dont think women are given a fair chance to have as good a career as men for three reasons. 就直接提出觀點，直接明了。又如作文“I Have a Dream”（我有一個夢想）的開頭是這樣的： My dream is to be a doctor. And I have never changed my mind till now.2、引用名言警句，推出主題（名言名句法） 對于許多作文題，可以使用使用引用名言名句進行開頭。因為引用名言名句是經(jīng)過加工過的語言，有力度，有價值，會使文章增色。這樣，用

3、極短的語言就能點明題旨，解決寫什么的問題，從而達到快速入題的目的。比如上次診斷性測試中關于考試作弊方面的作文章，就可以引用名言：“Honesty is the best policy.(誠實才是上策)”，一句話即可表明文章主旨，又會使文章上一個檔次。又如作文“Computer Games”（電腦游戲）的開頭：Theres a wellknown saying “As one coin has two sides, everything has its advantages and disadvantages.” Computer games are no exception. It has b

4、rought us both advantages and disadvantages.3、出其不意 深化主題（欲揚先抑法） 有些作文題，為了突出文章中的人物，在開頭如果使用欲揚先抑法，給讀者留一個反面的印象，后面文風一轉(zhuǎn)，出其不意，會受到良好的效果。這樣比正面寫某個人要好得多。比如寫關于母親的文章，一般都認為母親是關愛子女的，你在開頭寫上：I dont think mother love me as deeply as father does.或者是“I hate my mother.”會給讀者帶來興趣，想讀下去。再在文章中間和結(jié)尾寫出母親對你的特別關愛，來個出其不意，會取得良好的效果。4、

5、描述現(xiàn)象，引發(fā)主題（背景法） 這種寫法要求先描述一種普遍存在的現(xiàn)象，然后再發(fā)表對該現(xiàn)象的看法和觀點，從而點明主題。如作文“Say No to Smoking”（對吸煙說“不”）的開頭：Nowadays smoking is popular. Even some teenagers smoke. If you ask them “Why do you smoke?” They might answer “It looks cool.” Is it really a cool thing? Im afraid I cant agree.5、陳述不同觀點，襯托主題（襯托法） 簡要闡釋人們對某一話題的

6、不同觀點后，亮明自己更加合理的看法，以起到到一種承托的作用。如作文“My Best Friend”（我最要好的朋友）的開頭： “Best Friend” may have different definitions to different people. A child may regard the ones who always whisper to him as his best friends. The young boys may regard the ones who always play with them as their best friends. To me “Best

7、friend” is the one who I like best and we are faithful to each other.6、自問自答，引出主題（提問法） 這種方式要求針對某話題先提出問題，然后給予解答，通過答案的方式來呈現(xiàn)觀點。如作文“What I Want to Be When I Grow Up?”（我長大了要做什么？）的開頭：What I Want to Be When I Grow Up? My answer is “an English interpreter”. Why do I hope to become an English interpreter? The

8、re are two reasons.7、身邊事件，導出主題（故事法） 從身邊熟悉的人或事引發(fā)感想，導出主題，顯得自然、貼切。如作文“Fast Food”（快餐）的開頭： When my sevenyearold brother behaves well in school, he will ask for nothing but “KFC” as reward. As a matter of fact we would find it difficult to refuse such attraction of fast food too. But why are they so popul

9、ar?四六級寫作中常用的開頭段的表達方法舉例如下：使用引語（use a quotation）使用一段名人名言，或人們常用的諺語、習語，以確定文章的寫作范圍和方向。如：“Great minds must be ready not only to take the opportunity, but to make them.” Colton, a great writer once remarked. But it still has a profound significance now. To a person, in whose lifetime opportunities are not

10、many, to make opportunities is more essential to his success.分析：開頭引用Colton的名言說明“創(chuàng)造機會”對于成功的重要性，點明主題。引用具體或粗略的數(shù)據(jù) （use figures or statistics）當然對于圖表題型，該種方法是必須的選擇，具體做法是給出一些具體或粗略的數(shù)據(jù)，然后作出概括性分析，點明主題或引出需要論述的問題。如：As is demonstrated in the table, more and more college graduates are out of a job in our country,

11、which is a serious problem to our economic development and social security. It is estimated that in 2004, there are 500,000 unemployed graduates, more than 30% higher than in 2002.分析：文章引用2004年找不到工作的畢業(yè)生達到50萬這一數(shù)據(jù)來說明大學生找工作難這一現(xiàn)象的嚴重性，很有說服力。提出問題（ask a question）提出有爭議或探討性的具體問題，然后加以簡要回答或展開引導性簡短討論。如：What do y

12、ou want from your work Money Promotions Interesting challenges Continual learning Work-based friendships The opportunity to develop your own idea and potentials Though we are all individuals and so our answers will differ, all agree that work provide more than material things.分析：文章開頭提出“你想從工作中得到什么”這一

13、問題，然后自問自答，指出工作除了物質(zhì)利益，還可以給我們帶來很多其它收獲這一結(jié)論。給出具體實例或報道（offer relevant examples or reports）給出具體生活實例或新聞報道如：As regards the stress for college students, there has been a heated discussion among the public in the society. It was reported that a student killed four of his classmates just because of a trivial m

14、atter. It can be easily seen that pressure has become a serious issue we cannot neglect.分析：文章通過引用新聞報道的一個實例，說明了大學生心理問題的嚴重性。定義法（give definition）針對討論的主題或問題加以定義，然后進行深入探討。如：As we all know, practice makes perfect. This is an accumulated experience we inherit from our forefathers, and now it is still widel

15、y applied to our daily life. It means that the more we practice, the more likely we are going to do things perfectly.分析：文章用It means that這一句型，說明了practice makes perfect的含義。主題句法（use of topic sentence）文章一開始就以主題句點明全文主題，然后圍繞主題內(nèi)容進行發(fā)展。如：Nowadays one of the serious problems China is faced with is the increas

16、ing illiteracy among the adolescents. According to a recent survey by Dr. Li, dean of Educational Department of Beijing Normal University, about 18% of the children between 8 and 15 years old have dropped out of school across the country.分析：文章開頭即提出中國的文盲現(xiàn)象日益嚴重這一問題，然后再用實例數(shù)據(jù)加以佐證。開頭段的常用核心句型歸納如下，大家可選擇使用：

17、 As opposed to generally accepted views, I believe that The arguer may be right about , but he seems to neglect to mention the fact that . Although it is commonly agreed that , it is unlikely to be true that . There is an element of truth in this statement, but it ignores a deeper and more basic fac

18、t that . In all the discussion and debate over , one important fact is generally overlooked. On the surface （At first thought）, it （this） may seem a sound （an attractive）suggestion （solution / idea）, but careful weighing on the mind （on closer analysis / on second thought）, we find that Although man

19、y people believe that , I wonder whether the argument bears much analysis The danger （problem / fact / truth / point） is that. I agree with the above statement because I believe that . There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of . Those who object to argue that . But people who favor ,

20、on the other hand, argue that. Currently （In recent years / In the past few years / For many years now）, there is （hasbeen） a（n） general （widespread / growing / widely held） feeling towards （concern over / attitude towards / trend towards / awareness of / realization of / illusion of / belief in）. A

21、s far as I am concerned, however, I believe that . Now it is commonly （widely / generally / increasingly） believed （thought / held /accepted/ felt / recognized / acknowledged） that . But I wonder （doubt） whether 英語寫作開篇八法良好的開端是成功寫作的一半。英語作文一個好的開篇不但能引人入勝，激起讀者的閱讀興趣，而且還會給閱卷老師留下美好的第一印象。開篇是寫好整篇作文的關鍵一環(huán)，同時也是

22、最難的一環(huán)。下面介紹幾種常見的開篇方法： 開門見山法文章一開頭就點明主題，把中心思想一目了然地呈現(xiàn)給讀者。這是四級短文寫作最常用的一種開篇方法。例如： 1）Whether you are a smoker or a nonsmoker， you should take measures to protect your lungs 2）Happiness is easy to find and easy to lose It depends on the way you look at life 以上兩例都是開門見山地點明文章的主旨，隨后的句子就可以圍繞著這個中心展開寫。 交代背景法開篇就把事件

23、發(fā)生的時間、地點、人物及情景等交代得清清楚楚。這種方法多用于敘述文和描寫文。例如： 1）It was cold and bleak in the late winter The nightwas dark；nota star was to be seen in the gloomy and dismal skyThe north wind was howling dreadfully outside the house，like the screams of some wounded wild beasts 2）Today is my birthdayIt is the first time

24、that Ispent my birthday in the United StatesBeing alone and far away from home，I intended to spend the day quietly all myself 例1）開篇通過景色描寫展現(xiàn)出一幅凄涼的畫面：嚴冬時節(jié)，北風呼嘯，天上看不見星星。這樣的描寫讓讀者有一種如聞其聲，如臨其境之感，有助于制造氣氛，讓人感到悲哀沮喪。例2）開篇就交代了“我”是在異鄉(xiāng)過生日，以及“我”打算怎樣過這個生日，這就造成一種懸念，“我”的這個生日是否按“我”原來的想法度過。提出問題法用提出問題的方法引出文章的主題，以激起讀者的閱

25、讀興趣。然后可以針對這個問題進行解答，這樣也就展開了段落。這種方法可用于各種文體。例如： 1）What is success？Different people may give different answers to this question Some people think that 2）Can wealth bring happiness？Different people have different opinions about this Some people take it for granted that wealth is the source of happinessSo

26、me people 名言警句法所謂“名言警句”是指人們耳熟能詳?shù)闹V語、習語、俗語、警句或偉人的論述等，它們常常具有權(quán)威性或其道理已為大家公認。由此開篇可以增強文章的說服力。但要注意所引述的名言警句一定要家喻戶曉，人所共知，不可引述生僻的名言。另外，一般是用直接引語來引述，所以務必準確無誤。例如： 1）As an old saying goes，“Art is long， but life is short”We have only limited time to obtain unlimited knowledge 2）“Practice makes perfect”This self-evi

27、dent proverb means doing something repeatedly is the way to become very good at it 數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計法就是引用一些具體的、已經(jīng)證實的統(tǒng)計數(shù)字來引出文章的主題。然后以這些數(shù)據(jù)作為證據(jù)，來論述、解釋、說明要表達的思想，這樣開篇可信度高，說服力強。使用此法時，要注意所引述的數(shù)據(jù)或數(shù)字一定要準確，來源可靠，切不可為了說明某一問題而杜撰數(shù)據(jù)。此法主要用于說明文和議論文中，圖表作文時用得最多。例如： 1）Unemployment rose from 75in June2002to 78in July 2002，the highest

28、 rate since January of that year，the Labor Department reported 2）According to a recent poll，61 percent of American high school students have admitted to cheating on exams at least once 3）There are 7 billion people in the world（2000 figure），and the smokers are about 14 billion，which make up 20 percen

29、t of the worlds total population 例1）是一篇關于失業(yè)問題的短文。文章一開篇就引用了來自勞動部的報告：失業(yè)率從2002年6月的75上升到 7月的78，達到那年自元月份起的最高點。這一具體數(shù)字有力地論證了中心思想失業(yè)問題的嚴重性。例2）和例3）同樣是在文章開篇使用具體的統(tǒng)計數(shù)字，分別說明美國中學生作弊的普遍性和世界吸煙人數(shù)之多。 比較對比法在作文開篇把人們熟悉的人物或事物與其他的人物或事物放在一起，分析它們的相似或不同之處。通過比較對比，強調(diào)某一人物或事物，使讀者對其有更為深刻的認識和理解。例如： The relationship between a teache

30、r and a student can be good or bad，helpful or harmful Either way，the relationship can affect the student for the rest of his lifeA good teacher-student relationship will make learning enjoyable and interesting，whereas a bad relationship can discourage the student from learning and make teaching an u

31、npleasant task 例句用對比的方法開頭，通過對比良好的師生關系對教與學產(chǎn)生的積極影響和惡劣的師生關系產(chǎn)生的不良影響，說明建立良好的師生關系的重要性。 進行定義法就是對文章要闡述的主題先下個定義，或者對文章題目所用的詞匯、所持的觀點或所提到的事物進行定義，然后通過舉例、邏輯推理等方法加以詳細說明或論述。這種方法的作用就是解釋概念，限定范圍，然后引入正文。應該說明的是，文章所下的定義總的來說應該簡練，而且也有別于哲學意義上的定義。此法常用于說明文和議論文。 1）Psychology is the study of the mind and mental activitiesFor ex

32、ample， psychologists are interested in why some things make you sad，but others make you happyThey want to know why some people are shy，but others are quite talkative 2）Self-confidence means the trust in ones own abilityAs a very important psychological quality，it brings your creative power，arouses y

33、our enthusiasm and helps you overcome difficulties 例1）文章開篇先給心理學下定義，接著通過舉例的方法進一步解釋這一定義，讓讀者對心理學的含義具有準確的理解。例2）是對自信進行簡單的定義，然后再展開說明或論述。 其他方法英語作文開篇的方法還有很多。例如： 1）She views the world through outsized glassesHer hair is long and flowing She wears a mini-skirt even in winterShe is the Today girl，the modern te

34、enage girl 文章開篇對“她”進行了一番描述：她，帶著特大號眼鏡，長發(fā)飄飄，甚至在大冬天還穿著迷你裙。一個新潮的現(xiàn)代女孩的形象躍然紙上。這是以描述人物開篇。 2）There are three kinds of book ownersThe first has all the standard sets and best-sellers，untouchedThe second has a great many booksa few of them read throughThe third has a few books or manyevery one of them dog-ear

35、ed and dilapidated 文章開篇把擁有書的人分為三類，然后再詳細描述這三類人。這是以分類的方法開篇。如何寫好作文的結(jié)尾段文章的開頭很重要，因為精彩的開頭可以吸引讀者、抓住讀者的注意力。同樣，文章的結(jié)尾也很重要，好的結(jié)尾會使讀者對全文的中心思想留下深刻的印象，可以增添文章的效果和說服力，起到畫龍點睛的作用。確切地說，結(jié)尾的作用就是概括全文內(nèi)容，進一步強調(diào)或肯定文章的中心思想，使讀者加深印象；有時也用于展望未來，提出今后方向或令人深思的問題給讀者留下回味和思考的余地。重復中心思想回到文章開頭闡明的中心思想或主題句上，達到再次肯定和強調(diào)的效果。例如： In conclusion，we

36、should know about the problem of fake commodities，and object to their being sold in the marketOnly in this way can we eliminate them completely from the market In short，my opinion on this theme is reading selectivelyWe should learn not only how to select books，but how to select better books 應用引語 用格言

37、、諺語或習語總結(jié)全文應用引語 用格言、諺語或習語總結(jié)全文，既言簡意賅又有更強的說服力。例如： This lesson tells us that Rome was not built in one dayWe should advance in order and keep patient if we want to get the goal on time But once they find a job suiting them best，theyd better stick to it and work hard on it，or else they would get nowhereA

38、s an old saying goes” A rolling stone never gathers mosses” 用反問結(jié)尾用反問結(jié)尾 雖然形式是問句，但意義卻是肯定的，具有明顯的強調(diào)作用，引起讀者思考。例如： Therefore，listening skills must be consciously improvedSince it is such an important means of learning and communication，why should we not develop this ability as far as possible？ So，what can

39、 we benefit from wealth if we do not have health？提出展望或期望提出展望或期望 表示對將來的展望或期待讀者投入行動。例如： From all the reasons above，we know that great changes had taken place in developing countriesAnd I believe that in the near future，people in these countries would enjoy the most comfortable life that they have neve

40、r imagined If everyone has developed good manners，people will form a more harmonious relationIf everyone behaves considerately towards others and social ethics people will live in a better worldWith the general mood of society improved，there willbe a progress of civilization 幾種典型的英語作文開頭引述方法Type1引述他人

41、觀點（為提出自己觀點鋪墊）1 It is widely（commonly） accepted（hold）+THAT2 A widely accepted（commonly） hold idea（point of view，viewpoint， opinion，assumption）is +THAT/NP3 A/The dominant（prevalent， prevailing）idea（see 2）is NP/to DO4 It is taken for granted+THAT（or：We often/frequently take it for granted THAT）5 People

42、（The majority） seem to get accustomed to the idea（see 2），without questioning，THAT6 People are willing to regard NP1 as NP2/ADJ7 People are willing to DO，while reluctant to DOType2提出異議1 However （But），2 Such idea（see1-2），if not entirely ADJ1，is somewhat ADJ2 and needs careful consideration.ADJI=unreas

43、onable，unacceptable， inappropriate，improper，undesirable，etc；ADJ2=misleading，doubtrul， etc3 In fact（As a matter of fact），（follow2）4 However， it is not （quite， necessarily）the case.5 This （It） is not （quite， necessarily） the case and needs to bo fruther considered/discussed.（or：further consideration/d

44、iscussion）Type3論述的展開：說明原因和理由，層進，舉例，轉(zhuǎn)折1 The reason lies in several aspects，2 The reason why+clause+1， underlined3 There are several remarkable reasons.4 層進in addition， besides， fruthermore， whats more， on the other hand， meanwhile， for one thingfor another； finally， above all， in short.5 舉例for exampl

45、e， for instance， such （general term） as （specific terms），a typical （striking） example is that， a case in point6 轉(zhuǎn)折however， but， nevertheless，on the contrary7 條件if ， provided that， unless， as long as，etcType4 就而言；關于1 as far as is/are concemed： As far as current situation is concerned2 as t the proble

46、m as to NP有關的問題Type5問題1 Although much effort has been made， the situation is far from satisfactory （or： the problem remains unsolved， little improvement has been achieved）2 There is a tendency， as recent study （investigation） has pointed out （shown， revealed， indicated），+THAT3 There is growing conce

47、rn about +NP4 It will inevitably （is likely to ）result in （lead to ） unwanted （serious） consequence （or NP）5 Unfortunately，6 We will not be able to afford the risk of overlooking the seriousness of the matter.7 The process， once initiated， is most likely irreversible.8 We are constantly （frequently） faced with NPTYPE6重要與必要；（應）注意與重視1 NP1 is of great importance （necessity， value）