高中英語(yǔ) Unit2 Growing pains Grammar and usage 牛津譯林版必修VIP

1、1. Help students know more about attributive clauses.2. Help students know the attributive clauses introduced by “preposition +which/whom”.3. Help students know how to use the relative adverbs to begin the attributive clauses. 1. The attributive clause introduced by prep. + which 2.The attributive c

2、lause introduced by prep. + whomAttributive clauses introduced by “preposition +which/whom” What are the picture used for? They are pictures from which you can know more about the growing pains in Unit Two.Look! Here is a map from which we can know more about China. What is this? It is a wonderful s

3、cenery from which we can know much about the mountains. Look at them. They loves their kid so much. But I dont like the way( in which/that/ -) they treat their kid.關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)，不論是在限制性關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)，不論是在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，還是在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句中，還是在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)中，當(dāng)介詞前置時(shí)介詞前置時(shí)，只能用，只能用 whom 指人，指人，which 指物指物；但如果；但如果介詞后置介詞后置，則不受這，

4、則不受這種限制，關(guān)系代詞還可以省去，特別是在種限制，關(guān)系代詞還可以省去，特別是在口語(yǔ)中。如：口語(yǔ)中。如：介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1. Do you know the boy to whom she was talking?2. Do you know the boy (that) she was talking to?3. The pencil (which / that) he was writing with suddenly broke. 介詞的選用原則介詞的選用原則(1) 根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭 配來(lái)決定。如：配來(lái)決定

5、。如： This is the book on which I spent 8 yuan. This is the book for which I paid 8 yuan. (2) 根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習(xí)慣來(lái)決定根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習(xí)慣來(lái)決定如：如：I remember the day on which I joined the League. I remember the days during which I lived here. I remember the month in which I stayed there.強(qiáng)調(diào)在具體某一天要用介詞強(qiáng)調(diào)在具體某一天要用介詞on強(qiáng)調(diào)在某幾天時(shí)間內(nèi)要用

6、介詞強(qiáng)調(diào)在某幾天時(shí)間內(nèi)要用介詞during在在month前介詞要用前介詞要用in(3) 根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān) 系。系。 Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?(4) 根據(jù)從句中形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配。根據(jù)從句中形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配。 Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im not sure？含有介詞的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般不拆開(kāi)，介詞仍含有介詞的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般不拆開(kāi)，介詞仍放在短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的后面。放在短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的后面。如：如：

7、look for, look after, take care of 等。等。This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. 這是我正在找的手表。這是我正在找的手表。 This is the watch for which I am looking.正正誤誤 The babies (whom / who / that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy. 那個(gè)保姆照看的小寶寶們都很健康。那個(gè)保姆照看的小寶寶們都很健康。 The babies after whom the nurse is

8、 looking are very healthy.正正誤誤以以the way為先行詞的限制性定語(yǔ)從句通常為先行詞的限制性定語(yǔ)從句通常由由in which或或that引導(dǎo)，而且通常可以省引導(dǎo)，而且通?？梢允÷?。略。如：如： The way (that / in which ) he answered the questions was surprising. 他回答這些問(wèn)題的方式令人驚奇。他回答這些問(wèn)題的方式令人驚奇。 I dont like the way (that / in which/ -) you laugh at her. 我不喜歡你嘲笑她的樣子。我不喜歡你嘲笑她的樣子。“介詞介詞

9、+關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞”前或后還可有前或后還可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代詞或者數(shù)詞。等代詞或者數(shù)詞。如：如： He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. 他深深地愛(ài)著他的父母，他們倆待他他深深地愛(ài)著他的父母，他們倆待他 都很好。都很好。 In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which (=of which some) have gone bad. 籃子里有

10、好些蘋(píng)果，有些已經(jīng)壞了?；@子里有好些蘋(píng)果，有些已經(jīng)壞了。 There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom (=of whom most) are from big cities. 我們班總共有我們班總共有40個(gè)學(xué)生，大多數(shù)來(lái)自大個(gè)學(xué)生，大多數(shù)來(lái)自大 城市。城市。 Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which (=of which three) are about country life. 迄今為止，他寫(xiě)了迄今為止，他寫(xiě)了10部小說(shuō)，其中部小說(shuō)，其中 部是關(guān)于農(nóng)村

11、生活的。部是關(guān)于農(nóng)村生活的。Exercises1. The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cross- river traffic is the heaviest. A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which 2. He was educated at a local grammar school, _ he went on to Cambridge. A. from which B. after that

12、 C. after which D. from this 簡(jiǎn)析：簡(jiǎn)析：題題1: the place 在定語(yǔ)從句中作在定語(yǔ)從句中作 to be built 的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，此處的的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，此處的 at which 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于 where; 后面是表語(yǔ)從句，表示建在某地。后面是表語(yǔ)從句，表示建在某地。題題2: 表示讀完當(dāng)?shù)氐恼Z(yǔ)法學(xué)校后去劍橋表示讀完當(dāng)?shù)氐恼Z(yǔ)法學(xué)校后去劍橋深造，故選深造，故選C。3. I have many friends, _some are businessmen. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom 4. I saw a

13、woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction _ she had come. A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _we gave some bells and glasses. A. to whi

14、ch B. to whom C. with whom D. with which6. I was given three books on cooking, the first _I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. which 題題3、4、5、6考查考生對(duì)考查考生對(duì)“介詞介詞+關(guān)關(guān)系代詞系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的掌握及其引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的掌握及其靈活運(yùn)用情況。靈活運(yùn)用情況。1. Do you like the book _ she spent $10?2. Do you like the book _ she paid $10?o

15、n whichUse proper prepositions and relative pronouns to fill in the blanks.for which3. Do you like the book _ she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book _ she often talks? 5. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River. from whichabout whichof which6. The man _ I spoke on the

16、 phone last night is very good at wrestling.7. This is the book _ I am looking for. to whomwhichMatch each sentence with an ending.Answers:5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _cdbaehfg Complete each sentence using an attributive clause.Answers:1. _2. _3. _4. _5. _ _(which) I know very little aboutin which I bought my

17、 favorite dressabout which I told you last weekFrom whom I got the cupFrom whom we learn how to write with brushesThe attributive clause introduced by when, where and why. Look! What day is it today? Why are they getting together again? Today is March, 12th when people get together to plant trees! W

18、here is it? It is the basketball court. It is a place where we can play basketball indoors. That is Mrs. Green and she has asked for a leave for her giving a birth to her kid. That is the reason why she doesnt come to work as usual.1. 定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系副詞有：定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系副詞有： when, where, why 2. 關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中所作的成份：關(guān)系副詞在定

19、語(yǔ)從句中所作的成份： 關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中都作狀語(yǔ)。關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中都作狀語(yǔ)。 when 作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；where 作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)；作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)； why 作原因狀語(yǔ)。如：作原因狀語(yǔ)。如：定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系副詞的用法定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系副詞的用法He remember the day when his father died. I went back to the place where I was born and grew up. Please give me the reason why you were late this time. when 作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，意為作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，意為 on t

20、he daywhere 作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，意為作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，意為in the placewhy作原因狀語(yǔ)，意為作原因狀語(yǔ)，意為for the reason 3. 并非先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因的并非先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因的詞時(shí)都用詞時(shí)都用when, where, why，若先行詞，若先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中不作狀語(yǔ)，而是作主語(yǔ)或在定語(yǔ)從句中不作狀語(yǔ)，而是作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，就必須用賓語(yǔ)，就必須用which或或that。 如：如： We often think of the days which we spent together in the countryside.which在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)在定語(yǔ)從句

21、中作賓語(yǔ)比較比較: We often think of the days when we worked together in the countryside. when在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于于 on the days。We believe the reason that he told us. 比較比較: The reason why/for which he was absent yesterday is still unknown.4. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when, where和和why也可用也可用“介介詞詞+which”來(lái)代替，要注意其先行詞來(lái)代替，要

22、注意其先行詞（名詞）與介詞的合理搭配，介詞根據(jù)（名詞）與介詞的合理搭配，介詞根據(jù)先行詞或定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來(lái)確定。先行詞或定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來(lái)確定。 when 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于“at/in/during+which” where 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于“in/at/on+which” why 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于“for + which” 如：如：Is this the day when/on which I visited the museum?Please put the letter on the desk where/on which he can easily find it.This is the re

23、ason why/for which he didnt come to the meeting.Ill never forget the day when I joined the league. 句中句中when相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于on whichwhere在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于于“介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞（關(guān)系代詞（which）”。如：如：This is the room where Lu Xun once lived.句中句中when相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于in whichDetailed explanationwhen 在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相

24、當(dāng)于“介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞（關(guān)系代詞（which）”。如：如：如：如：Do you know the reason why she was late?It rained heavily, for which he was late for the class.思考思考是否所有的介詞是否所有的介詞+關(guān)系代詞都能用關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞都能用關(guān)系副詞代替副詞代替?1.The painting (_ I looked) was painted by me.2.The book (_ I heard) was written twenty years ago.at whichabout which3.The pe

25、n (_) she wrote that book) can now be seen in a museum.4.Kunming is a beautiful place ( _ ) flowers are seen all the year round.5.Yesterday we went to visit the house ( _ ) the great writer used to live.with whichwhere/in whichwhere/in which6. I will never forgot the day (_ ) I first met you on the

26、ship. 7. The film (_I fell asleep) was very boring.結(jié)論：只有當(dāng)結(jié)論：只有當(dāng) “介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞”充當(dāng)?shù)爻洚?dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，才能用點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，才能用關(guān)系副詞代替。關(guān)系副詞代替。on which/whenduring which注意：關(guān)系副詞與關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句注意：關(guān)系副詞與關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系：中的關(guān)系：“介詞介詞+ +關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞”在從句中作狀語(yǔ)相在從句中作狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)關(guān)系副詞。當(dāng)于一個(gè)關(guān)系副詞。如：如：王先生工作的那家工廠是一家鞋廠。王先生工作的那家工廠是一家鞋廠。這個(gè)句子有以下三種

27、表達(dá)方式：這個(gè)句子有以下三種表達(dá)方式：The factory that/which Mr. Wang works in is a shoe one.The factory in which Mr. Wang works is a shoe one.The factory where Mr. Wang works is a shoe one.他將永遠(yuǎn)記住他入團(tuán)的那天。他將永遠(yuǎn)記住他入團(tuán)的那天。 He will forever remember the day that/which he joined the League on.2. He will forever remember the day on which he joined the League.3. He will forever remember the day when he joined the League.1.