動詞的-ed形式

1、【精品文檔】如有侵權(quán)，請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除，僅供學(xué)習(xí)與交流動詞的-ed形式.精品文檔.動詞的-ed形式動詞的-ed形式的語法功能動詞的-ed形式具有副詞、形容詞的特征，在句中可作表語、定語、賓語補足語、主語補足語、狀語等成分。 作表語：表示主語的某種性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)。A. 狀態(tài)性動詞的形式作表語The shop has remained shut for a week.這家商店關(guān)門一周了。All of us were moved to tears at the sorrowful story.聽到那個悲傷的故事，我們都感動地流下淚來。B.形容詞性動詞的形式作表語Most of middle school

2、students are interested in pop stars and NBA stars.大多數(shù)學(xué)生對流行歌星和明星感興趣。I was very surprised to see little Jimmy run so fast in the game.在比賽中看到小吉米跑得這么快，我非常驚訝。 作定語：有的置于被修飾詞前，有的置于被修飾詞后。 單個的-ed形式作定語置于被修飾詞前，通常為及物動詞的-ed形式，表示被動與完成的意義。We only sell used books in our book store.我們的書店只賣用過的書。The lost time can neve

3、r be found again.丟失的時間將永遠(yuǎn)找不回來。注：少數(shù)表示位置移動和狀態(tài)改變的不及物動詞的-ed形式也可作前置定語，但不表示被動，只表示完成。the changed situation 改變了的形式a retired teacher 退休的教師the fallen leaves 落葉 a developed country發(fā)達(dá)國家 置于被修飾詞的后面：單個動詞的-ed形式作定語也可置于被修飾詞后，大多數(shù)作后置定語的-ed形式是短語形式，其作用相當(dāng)于定語從句。Things seen are mightier than things heard. 眼見為實，耳聽為虛。The stor

4、y written by a middle school student is popular in schools.由一名中學(xué)生寫的這個故事在學(xué)校中很流行。（相當(dāng)于The story which was written by a .）The old man, greatly disturbed in prison, almost lost his memory.這位老人，由于在監(jiān)獄受到了困擾，幾乎失去了記憶力。（相當(dāng)于The old man, who was greatly disturbed in prison, almost.）特殊的-ed形式作定語：有些不單獨用作定語的動詞的-ed形式

5、，在加上前綴un或與某些副詞、名詞、形容詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞后，可作前置定語。untold sufferings說不盡的痛苦 newly laid eggs剛下的蛋deep-set eyes深陷的眼睛 unfinished work沒完成的工作kind-hearted people/ warm-hearted people熱心腸的人 冷血動物a blue-eyed girl藍(lán)眼睛的姑娘 作補足語:賓語補足語和主語補足語A. 作賓語補足語：動詞的-ed形式多來自及物動詞，說明賓語的狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)，與賓語一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。此時它前面的賓語就是其邏輯主語。If you want to make yourself

6、 respected, you are above all to respect others.如果你想讓自己被尊重，首先你必須尊重別人。I found myself lost and couldnt sense the right direction.我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己迷路了，不能辨別出正確的方向。B. 作主語補足語：把賓語補足語的句子變?yōu)楸粍泳?，原來的賓語補足語隨之變?yōu)橹髡Z補足語。The boy was found lost and couldnt find his way back.有人發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子迷路了，找不到回去的路。Almost no student is seen punished in t

7、his school.在這所學(xué)校幾乎見不到學(xué)生被處罰的事。(4) 作狀語：可以表示時間、原因、讓步、結(jié)果、方式、條件等。A. 時間狀語：可置于句首，句尾，有時置于主謂之間。Asked about his family, he made no answer.He, asked about his family, made no answer.He made no answer, asked about his family.當(dāng)問到有關(guān)他的家庭情況時，他沒回答。Lost in the forest, you should first of all remain where you are, wai

8、ting for help to come.在森林里迷路時，你首先應(yīng)呆在原地等待幫助。B. 原因狀語：一般置于句首，偶爾置于句尾或句中。Seriously injured, he had to be taken to school.由于傷得嚴(yán)重，只好把他送往醫(yī)院。The child learns fast, well brought up by his parents.由于受到父母良好的教育，這個孩子學(xué)得很快。C. 條件狀語：一般位于句首。United, we stand; divided, we fall.合則立，分必垮。Seen in the distance, the village l

9、ooks more beautiful.從遠(yuǎn)處看，這個村莊看上去更漂亮。D. 伴隨或方式狀語：可置于句首、句中或句尾。The hunter walked slowly in the forest, followed by his wolf dog.Followed by his wolf dog, the hunter walked slowly in the forest.The hunter, followed by his wolf dog, walked slowly in the forest.獵人在森林里慢慢地走著，后面跟著一只狼狗。根據(jù)需要，-ed形式前面也可加上when, wh

10、ile, until, once, though, although, as long as, unless, as if, as though, even if, even though等詞。后不能跟-ed形式；在before, after, without等詞后必須用being done結(jié)構(gòu)。When asked about his family, he made no answer.當(dāng)被問到他的家庭情況時，他沒回答。Unless invited, I wont attend the get-together.除非收到邀請，否則我不會參加聚會。The boy left the playhouse without being seen.這個男孩離開游戲室沒有被人發(fā)現(xiàn)。Before being called, remain where you are.叫你之前，呆在原地別動。非謂語動詞的用法區(qū)別：不定式表示主動與將來；動詞的-ing形式表示主動與進(jìn)行，動詞的-ed形式表示被動與完成。The school to be built is intended for the disabled children.即將要建的學(xué)校