大學(xué)英語病句改寫全套知識(shí)講解

1、改寫病句 串句串句：錯(cuò)誤將兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的分句串在一起，不用連詞、標(biāo)點(diǎn)，誤將兩個(gè)句子當(dāng)成一個(gè)句子。類型： 1 。用一個(gè)逗號(hào)把兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子連接起來。 2 。什么標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)都沒有使用。破句破句：是一組詞由于缺少主語或動(dòng)詞無法表達(dá)完整意思的錯(cuò)句。只是句子的一個(gè)從屬部分類型：從屬詞破句，分詞、不定式破句，附加細(xì)節(jié)句，無主破句。1st: 修改串句： 4 ways分成兩個(gè)句子誤 The local tire plant shut down for the holiday everyone had two weeks off.正 The local tire plant shut down for the hol

2、iday. As a result, everyone had two weeks off.誤 She didn 't feel particularly well she went to bed.正 She didn 't feel particularly well. Therefore， she went to bed.誤Hetried many times to give up smoking he never managed to.正Hetried many times to give up smoking. However,henever managed to.用連

3、詞and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet 連接兩個(gè)句子，連詞之前加逗號(hào)。（誤）Don 't tease the dog you might get bitten.（正） Don' t tease the dog, or you might get bitten.用分號(hào)連接兩個(gè)句子1.He tried many times to give up smoking; however, he never managed to.2.The local tire plant shut down for the holiday; as a result, everyo

4、ne had two weeks off.用從屬連詞把一個(gè)分句化為從句，修飾或限定主句After we walked over to the waterfall slowly, we sat down to admire the beauty of the falls.There is no school tomorrow, so they will go on a picnic.最佳方法修改串句首選逗號(hào)加并列連詞，用于兩句之間有邏輯關(guān)系的句子；其次選擇分號(hào)，用于兩句中有表示連接關(guān)系的副詞或副詞詞組時(shí)或后句是前句的說明時(shí)；最后考慮句號(hào)，用于兩句沒有邏輯關(guān)系或角度表化等情況。2nd ：修改破句：

5、 4 類類 1 ：從屬詞破句Smokers claim the right tosmoke in public places. While nonsmokersclaim the right to clean air.（正） Smokers claim the right to smoke in public places while nonsmokers claim the right to clean air.（誤） Examinations remain as primitive as ever before. No matter how advanced our science and

6、 technology have become in this modern society.（正） Examinations remain as primitive as ever before no matter how advancedour science and technology have become in this modern society.After I arrived in Chicago by bus. I checked into a room. Then I went to adinner to get something to eat.（正） After I

7、arrived in Chicago by bus, I checked into a room, and then I went to a dinner to get something to eat.（誤） My daughter likes to make paper boats. Which she floats in the tub during her nightly bath.（正） My daughter likes to make paper boats which she floats in the tub during her nightly bath.（正） My da

8、ughter likes to make paper boats. She floats them in the tub during her nightly bath.類 2 ：分詞和不定式破句修改方法（ 1 ）讓破句與其前或其后的句子連接起來，使語義完整（ 2 ）增添主語，把現(xiàn)在分詞改成動(dòng)詞的正確形式；（ 3 ）把 being 改為 be 的恰當(dāng)形式；（ 4 ）將不定式部分與前面句子連接起來。（誤） Starting at the clock on the far wall. I nervously began my speech. I was afraid to look at any

9、of the people in the room.（正） Starting at the clock on the far wall, I nervously began my speech. I was afraid to look at any of the people in the room.（誤） I spent almost two hours on the phone yesterday. Trying to find a garageto repair my car. Eventually I had to have it towed to a garage in anoth

10、er town.I spent almost two hours on the phone yesterday, trying to find a garage to repair my car. Eventually I had to have it towed to a garage in another town.（誤） I plan on working overtime. To get this job finished. Otherwise, my bossmay get angry with.（正） I plan on working overtime to get this j

11、ob finished. Otherwise, my bossmay get angry with.類 3 ：增加細(xì)節(jié)引起的破句especially, specially, for example, such as, for instance, like, also, as well as, except, but, besides 后接 n. 時(shí), 不能單獨(dú)存在，只能是句子的部分。修改方法：（ 1 ）與其前面具有完整意義的句子連接起來；（ 2 ）增加主語和謂語動(dòng)詞；（ 3 ）改動(dòng) , 使其成為前句的一部分。（誤） My aunt likes watching daytime televisi

12、on shows. Especially old moviesand soap operas.（正） My aunt likes watching daytime television shows, especially old moviesand soap operas.（誤） Student cheating is still widely practiced. In spite of the fact that the violators get severe punishment once they are caught.（正） Student cheating is still wi

13、dely practiced in spite of the fact that theviolators get severe punishment once they are caught.（誤） He failed a number of courses before he earned his degree. Among them,English, Economics, and General Biology.Among the courses he failed before he earned his degree were English,Economics, and Gener

14、al Biology.（誤）Cotton grows well in their county. Particularly in Vanguard Commune.（正）Cotton grows well in their county, particularly in Vanguard Commune.類 4 ：缺少主語的破句改正方法為：a. 使破句依附于前面的句子b. 增加主語（該主語往往是代詞，指代前句中的主語）（誤） They take an active part in social activities. On holidays, frequently do temporary j

15、obs.（ 正） They take an active part in social activities, and on holidays, they frequently do temporary jobs.（誤） One example of my father' s generosity is that he visits sick friends in thehospital. And takes along get-well cards with a few dollars folded in them 在 慰問 卡里塞錢（正） One example of my fat

16、her 's generosity is that he visits sick friends in thehospital and takes along get-well cards with a few dollars folded in the（正） One example of my father 's generosity is that he visits sick friends in thehospital. He takes along get-well cards with a few dollars folded in them.（誤）Sarah lo

17、oked with admiration at the stunningly attractivemodel. Andwondered how the model looked upon waking up in the morning.（正）Sarah looked with admiration at the stunningly attractivemodel and wondered how the model looked upon waking up in the morning.錯(cuò)誤平行結(jié)構(gòu)3rd:（ 1 ）詞與詞間的平行（名詞、形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)名詞、分詞以及不定式等） A we

18、dding anniversaryis a celebration of love, trust, partnership, andtolerance. Kate is not only beautiful but also intelligent. Tom works carefully and diligently. Working or resting, she always enjoyed herself. The soldier preferred to die rather than surrender.（ 2 ）詞組間的平行：That' s one small step

19、for a man, one giant leap for mankind.We prefer camping in the open to playing football in the field.（ 3 ）分句間的平行：The love of liberty is the love of others; the love of power is the love of ourselves.Take your books out and put them on the desk.He paid more attention to what he ate than to what he wo

20、re.（ 4 ）句子間的平行：Militarily, Great Britain was shockingly weak in 1941. Socially, however, the country was surprisingly strong.（誤）Kate has been a waitress, a nurse and taught school.（正）Kate has been a waitress, a nurse and a teacher.（系列中的每個(gè)平行成分都應(yīng)是名詞。 ）The governor is facing the difficult task of devel

21、oping industry but how to（誤） not destroy the environment.（正） The governor is facing the difficult task of developing industry but not destroying the environment. （平行成分為動(dòng)名詞短語）（誤） Recent movies reflect major improvements in not only photograph but also in editing.（正） Recent movies reflect major improv

22、ements not only in photograph butalso in editing. （平行成分為動(dòng)名詞短語）（誤）In fact, flying is often less dangerous than to drive a car.（正）In fact, flying is often less dangerous than driving a car. （被比較的成分都應(yīng)為動(dòng)名詞形式（誤） Jane is a beautiful and the kindest woman I have never met.（正）Jane is the most beautiful and

23、the kindest woman I have never met.（誤）When the weather gets cold, drafty and rains a lot, itis especiallyimportant to keep your feet well-covered.（正） When the weather gets cold, drafty and damp, it is especially important tokeep your feet well-covered. （前兩項(xiàng)都是形容詞，因此第三項(xiàng)不能用動(dòng)詞，必須改為 形容 詞）常用的句子結(jié)構(gòu)有：and, bu

24、t, either/or, neither/nor, not only/but also, both/and, whether/or, although/though/yet, if/then,not but ,would/had ratherthan , prefer to ,as /not as （so） as as結(jié)構(gòu)不平行的情況有3 種 :1. 并列結(jié)構(gòu)中的不平行省略（誤）Most ofus lack knowledge or comfort with science.（正）Most ofus lack knowledge of or comfort with science.2. 比

25、較結(jié)構(gòu)的不平行（誤）Mars isnearer to us than Pluto.（正）Mars isnearer to us than to Pluto.（ Mars is nearer tous than it is to Pluto.）“ than ”前為句子，后為單個(gè)詞，所以造成句子的不平衡。在寫比較級(jí)的句子時(shí)，一定要注意“ than ”兩側(cè)的文法結(jié)構(gòu)是否一致。3. 連詞兩側(cè)的結(jié)構(gòu)不平行（誤） The math teacher not only irritates me by his high-pitched voice, but alsoI began to hate the mat

26、h class.（正） The math teacher not only irritates me by his high-pitched voice, but also makes me hate the math class.4th: 修飾語錯(cuò)置修飾語錯(cuò)置是因?qū)⑿揎椪Z與被修飾語之間擺放的位置不恰當(dāng)（通常是相互之間間隔得太遠(yuǎn)）就是移位置Bill yelled at the howling dog in his underwear.aBillin his underwearyelled at the howling dog.The final scene unites two charact

27、ers, who, in the beginning, had hated eachother in a beautiful way.aThe final scene unites in a beautiful way two characters, who, in the beginning, had hated each other.Alice could see a lot of cars running fast outside through her window.aThrough her window, Alice could see a lot of cars running f

28、ast outside.He gave the rose to the lovely actress that he had bought for his wife.aHe gave the rose that he had bought for his wife to the lovely actress.1. 像 only, just, almost, nearly 這樣的修飾語時(shí)，盡量靠近被修飾語，且一般放在被修飾語前面。2. 表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，方式的狀語從句放在句首3. 狀語修飾語難以在句中找到恰當(dāng)?shù)奈恢脮r(shí)，句首是個(gè)好地方。The mayor was able to cut the ri

29、bbon and then the band played when someonefound scissors.（動(dòng)作順序違反自然規(guī)律）dWhen someone found scissors, the mayor was able to cut the ribbon and then the band played.4. 以 which 或 that 開頭的從句，要跟在被修飾的詞后面。The house was in the woods that burned last night.The house that burned last night was in the woods.以避免模

30、棱兩可。,不要把修飾語放在可以修飾句中兩個(gè)部分的位置上5.People who walk normally are healthier than those who don't. aPeople who walk are normally healthier than those who don't.或 Normally, people who walk are healthier than those who don't.5th: 懸垂修飾語（誤） Opening the cupboard, a skeleton fell out.（正） When I opened

31、the cupboard, a skeleton fell out.（誤）Discouraged by low grades, dropping out made sense.（正）Discouraged by low grades, I thought dropping out made sense.（誤） When bathing the baby, the water should be warm, not hot.（正） When bathing the baby, you should be sure the water should be warm, not hot.（誤） Run

32、ning along the high way, my ears felt frozen.（正） Running along the high way, I felt as if my ears felt frozen.（ 2 ）垂懸動(dòng)名詞：還是找主語（誤） Approaching the guard rail （ 圍欄 ）on Lookout Mountain, a vast expanse of farmland could be seen.（正） When we approached the guard rail on Lookout Mountain, a vast expanse o

33、f farmland could be seen.In talking with my students, they told me of their suggestions.When I was talking with my students, they told me of their suggestions.While reading the paper last night, an article on solar energy attracted my attention.（正） While reading the paper last night, I became intere

34、sted in an article on solar energy attracted my attention.（ 3 ）垂懸不定式短語:都是改不定式后面半句，都是加個(gè)主語（誤） To pass the examination, work hard is expected.（正） To pass the examination, you are expected to work hard.（誤） To write well, repeated revision is necessary.（正）To write well, you must revise repeatedly.（誤）To learn English well, much practice is necessary.（正）To learn English w