小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)題名詞

1、要點(diǎn)精華】1. 定義名詞可以分為專有名詞和普通名詞，專有名詞是某個(gè)（些）人，地方， 機(jī)構(gòu)等專有的名稱，如 Beijing ， China 等。普通名詞是一類人或東西或是 一個(gè)抽象概念的名詞，女口： book, sadness等。普通名詞又可分為下面四類：1 ）個(gè)體名詞：表示某類人或東西中的個(gè)體，如： gun。2 ）集體名詞：表示若干個(gè)個(gè)體組成的集合體，如： family 。3 ）物質(zhì)名詞：表示無(wú)法分為個(gè)體的實(shí)物，如： air 。4 ）抽象名詞：表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、感情等抽象概念，如： work個(gè)體名詞和集體名詞可以用數(shù)目來(lái)計(jì)算， 稱為可數(shù)名詞， 物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名 詞一般無(wú)法用數(shù)目計(jì)算，稱為不

2、可數(shù)名詞。2. 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化（情況，構(gòu)成方法，讀音，例詞）a. 一般情況在名詞后加 -s清輔音后讀 /s/map-maps濁輔音和元音后讀 /z/bag-bags /car-carsb. 以s, sh, ch, x等結(jié)尾的名詞加-es讀 /iz/bus-buses/ watch-watches/brush-brushes/box-boxesc. 以 ce, se, ze,等結(jié)尾力卩-s讀 /iz/lice nse-lice nsesd. 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞把變y為i讀/z/baby-babiese. 以o結(jié)尾的名詞，變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)：1) . 加 s，如:photo-photosradio

3、-radios2) .力卩 es，如：potato-potatoes再加esMWIt©美奧教育pia no-pia noszoo-zoostomato-tomatoes. 上述a和b兩種方法均可，如 zero-zeros / zeroesorange fridge jeep rain wind car teacher music ear colaf.以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)：1) .力卩 s，如： belief-beliefsroof-roofssafe-safesgulf-gulfs2) .去 f, fe力卩 ves，如：half-halvesknife-kni vesleaf

4、-leaveswolf-wolvesthief-thieveswife-wiveslife-liveshan dkerchief: han dkerchiefs /3) .上述a和b兩種方法均可，如handkerchieves。殆ex “教育3. 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化1) child-childrenfoot-feetwomanwome nmousemicemanmen注意：由一個(gè)詞加man或woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是-men和-women 如 an Englishman，two Englishmen。但 German不是合成詞， 故復(fù)數(shù)形式為 Germa ns Bowma是姓，其

5、復(fù)數(shù)是the Bowma n®2) 單復(fù)同形，女口 deer，sheep，fish ， Chinese，Japanese ，yuan 等。4. 名詞所有格式稱為該名詞的所有格，例如： Where's Lin Tao's bike? 林濤的自行 車在哪2）如果原詞已經(jīng)有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾 -s, 則僅僅加一個(gè)“ ' ”，例如： teachers ' office 老師的辦公室3）如果是復(fù)數(shù)，但不帶詞尾-s,則仍然加“s”，例如：those men s hats 那些男士的帽子4）如果表示各自的所有關(guān)系時(shí)，名詞末尾均需加“s”，例如：Jim s and Kate&#

6、39; s glasses 吉姆和凱特各自的眼鏡5） 如果表示共同的所有關(guān)系時(shí)，僅在最后一詞的末尾加s”，例如：Jim and Kate ' s kite 吉姆和凱特的風(fēng)箏（兩個(gè)人共同擁有的）6）如果表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時(shí)，名詞所有格后面常常不出現(xiàn)它所修飾的名詞，例如： Shall we go to Meimei ' s for supper? 我們 一起到梅梅家去吃飯，好嗎7）沒有生命的名詞所有格用 of ，例如： This is a photo of myfamily. 這 是我家的一張全家福。【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練場(chǎng)】一. 圈出下列單詞中的不可數(shù)名詞peach ink wa

7、ter zoo sistercoffee knife snow ice teaorange fridge jeep rain wind car teacher music ear colawatermelon cherry. 寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1.watch 2.class_ 3.shelf4.dog_ 5.dish_ 6.child7.nurse 8.desk_ 9.boy10.baby 11.tooth_ 12.eye13.sheep 14.tomato_ 15.library16.goose 17.photo18.telephone三 . 填入所給名詞的適當(dāng)形式1. We have

8、three(pen).2. This is an (apple).3. Where is the(pencil)?4. There is a little in the bottle(juice).Are you a (driver)? Yes, I am.6. There are a few (watch)on the desk.7. Many(shelf)are in our school library.8. He has some(ink).9. The(girl)in red is Mary.10. How many(people)are there in your family?

9、Three.四 . 將下列名詞按所給例詞的詞義屬性歸類school pineapple panda jacket peach cat pen library hat trousers ruler classroom lemon dress tigerplayground ink eraser shirt elephantballpoint- pencomputer room deer pencil-case snake shorts socks1. pencil2. banana3. coat4. wolf5. school building. 選擇題( )1.There is on the

10、table.( )1.There is on the table.A. PlateB.a plateC.plates( )1.There is on the table.C.flowersC.doGC.shirtsC.facesC.familysC.keyC.Chinese( )2.I can see many in the garden.A. flowers B.a flower( )3.Theon the hills are all white.A.sheep B.sheeps( )4.These neware for you.A.skirtB.shoe( )5.The clock has

11、 threeA.legsB.leg( )6.They are not in the same.A.classB.classes( )7.Is this your?A.a keyB.keys( )8.They are having.A.a classB.English classclass( )9.There are so many in the hall.A.peoplesB.peopleC.a people( )10.Thehas some nice pictures.A.boys B.teachers C.child( )11.Theare dancing at the party.A.w

12、oman B.women C.man( )12.The are in Room408.A.student B.a studentC.students)13.Who' s that? She ' s my mother.A.manB.womanC.women)14.Theare catching the thief.A.policeman B.policemenC.policemans)15.There are newin my schoolbag.A.knifeB. knifesC.knives)16.jacket is it? May be itA.Who's;Tom

13、s B.What;Tom'sC.Whose;Tom 's( )17.The books are theA.teachers 'B.teachersC.teacherDay.( )18.There are a lot of children in the park onA.childrenB.Children'sC. Childrens '( )19.Isitthetwins 'bedroom?Yes,itis.It 'sbedroom.A.Ann and Anna 'B.Ann's and Anna ' s C.A

14、nnandAnna( )20.That isdog.A.Tom'B.TomsC.Tom( )21.coats are very pretty.A.Jim and Tim ' sB.Jim ' s and Tim 'sC.Jimhome for dinner.B.uncleand Tim( )22.They are going to theirA. unclesC.uncle 's( )23.The big room isA.the twin ' sB.twins ' C.thetwins '( )24.March 8 th is.

15、A.Woma'n s DayB.Woman's DayC.Wome'n sDay六 . 根據(jù)英語(yǔ)解釋以及首字母寫單詞1. comes after afternoon2. a small bag with money in itw3. the hottest season4. the first day of the working weekM5. the first month of a yearJ6. a room for sleepingb7. your uncle 's son or daughterc8. the sister of your fathe

16、r or mothera9. the month after JulyA10.making you very afraid; very badt七 . 英漢互譯1. 一位美國(guó)醫(yī)生 _ 2. 許多綿羊3. 不同的季節(jié) 4. 一杯牛奶5. 凱特的家庭照 6.my uncle's friend7.hercat 's name8.the doors of theclassroom9.the twins ' mother_10.Lucy and Kate'sbedroom八 . 根據(jù)中文完成句子1. When you have a headache, you should

17、 stay in bed and take some（藥）.2. My hobby is collecting（ 郵票 ）.3. Many孩子）like watching cartoon（ 卡通片）.4. Every morning we should brush（ 牙齒）.5. We must clean our（ 教師）after school.6. May I have another（ 一瓶橘汁 ）.7. I like （ 這條連衣裙的顏色 ）.8. (湯姆和安的手套 )are the same.9. There are many( 狼)in the forest.10. (西紅柿)i

18、s my favourite vegetable.九 . 閱讀理解Look at the picture on the wall. It 's a picture of Mr. Green's family. The old manis Jim Green. He is Mr. Green's father. Mr. Green is a worker. His wife, Helen Green, is a doctor. They have two daughters. They are Lucy and Lily. They are twins. Lucy and

19、 Lily have a cousin, Jeff. Jeff's parents love them all very much.sA.father B.cousinC.uncleD.grandfather( )1.The old man is Lucy and Lily( )2.The Greens have twoA.brothersB.sistersC.sonsD.daughters( )3.Lucy hasA.a friend B.a sisterC.a brotherD.two sisterss( )4.Jeff's father is Lucy and LilyA

20、. UncleB.fatherC.brotherD. gra ndfather()5.Lily ' s mother is a.D.fatherA.doctorB.workerC.teacher十情景英語(yǔ)選擇正確的句子完成對(duì)話Hello, Wang Mei! _1_ . Sure! How can I help you?I want to move the desk, but it' s too heavy._2_I want to put it in the n ext room. OK, _3_Oh, it ' s so heavy,_4_No,it ' s

21、 full of books.I see. Why don ' t you take out the books? _5_1. 2.3.4.5.A.That ' s a good idea!B. Goodbye!D.ls it empty?C. Where do you want to put it?MWIR®美奧教育E. Shall we go?F. How are you?G. Could you help me, please?十一.將下列短語(yǔ)改寫成用“ s”來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系的短語(yǔ)1. a walk of half an hour2. the bikes of Hele n and Jane3. the ships of the children4. the sister of Joh n5. at the shop of un cle John6. the room of Hele n and Joh n_十二.把下列短語(yǔ)譯成漢語(yǔ)2.a box of apples4.a bottle of orange6.a g