四元聚焦·英語(yǔ)——助動(dòng)詞類《對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練+綜合訓(xùn)練》第二節(jié)　動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)（含解析）

1、.第二節(jié)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)考點(diǎn)一：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)1.What makes you a history major?Interest. I _ it because my high school history teacher influenced me a lot.A. loved B. had lovedC. love D. have loved【解析】C句意：是什么讓你去主修歷史的？興趣，我熱愛(ài)歷史，因?yàn)槲业母咧袣v史老師對(duì)我影響很大。根據(jù)問(wèn)句中的makes以及答語(yǔ)中的Interest可知由于感興趣才去學(xué)習(xí)歷史，表達(dá)興趣愛(ài)好時(shí)用一般如今時(shí)，因此選擇C項(xiàng)。2.His novels sell best

2、 and have made him famous, but before that no one could have imagined how great a role he _ in the literary world.A. had played B. has playedC. is playing D. was to play【解析】D句意：他的小說(shuō)銷量最好并讓他名聲大噪，但在這之前沒(méi)有人會(huì)想象到他將會(huì)在文學(xué)界扮演這么重要的角色。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境中的關(guān)鍵詞before that no one could have imagined可知所述時(shí)間為過(guò)去，設(shè)空處的play應(yīng)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的時(shí)間內(nèi)，因此

3、排除B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)。A：had played表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在imagined之前，不符合句意。相對(duì)于could have imagined來(lái)說(shuō)play是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。因此選D。3.Why on earth didnt you answer the phone?Im terribly sorry, but the doorbell _， too. A. is ringing B. rangC. was ringing D. was about to ring【解析】C句意：你終究為什么不接 ？真的很抱歉，但是當(dāng)時(shí)門鈴也響了。過(guò)去進(jìn)展時(shí)表示在 響的時(shí)候門鈴也在響，所以不能同時(shí)做兩件事。rang為過(guò)去時(shí)，w

4、as about to ring為過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，均不合題意。4.Have you met Mr. Li?Yes. When I arrived, he _ for Shanghai to attend a national conference.A. just left B. had just leftC. just leaves D. was just leaving【解析】D句意：你見(jiàn)到李先生了嗎？是的。當(dāng)我到的時(shí)候，他正要去上海參加一個(gè)全國(guó)性會(huì)議。根據(jù)arrived可知，其主句也應(yīng)該用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，C項(xiàng)不正確；A項(xiàng)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，B項(xiàng)表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去，這兩項(xiàng)均不合題意要求，故被排除；設(shè)

5、空處用進(jìn)展時(shí)表示將來(lái)，故答案為D項(xiàng)。5.Hi, Mike. Nice to meet you.Oh, its you. I _ I would meet you here.A. never think B. never thoughtC. havent thought D. hadnt thought【解析】B句意：你好，邁克。見(jiàn)到你真快樂(lè)。哦，是你呀。我沒(méi)想到會(huì)在這兒遇到你。此題考察一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)題意，答語(yǔ)指的是之前沒(méi)想到，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，所以正確答案為B。6.Mum, the constant noise around here _ me crazy!Concentrate on

6、your reading. Its none of your business. A. drove B. drivesC. is driving D. had driven【解析】C句意：媽媽，這里周圍持續(xù)不斷的噪音快讓我發(fā)瘋了！集中注意力看你的書。這不關(guān)你的事。根據(jù)媽媽的答復(fù)，要求孩子集中注意力看書，說(shuō)明噪音正在發(fā)生，因此噪音正在影響著孩子，排除A、D兩項(xiàng)。另外一般如今時(shí)表經(jīng)常性的或者習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，與此題語(yǔ)境不符。如今進(jìn)展時(shí)表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)展，符合題意。7.Is this the second time that you _ the Summer Palace?A. visit B. are

7、visitingC. had visited D. have visited【解析】D句意：這是你第二次參觀頤和園嗎？根據(jù)固定句型：This/It is the first/secondtime that從句。that從句的謂語(yǔ)要用如今完成時(shí)。8.I wonder what makes you a successful manager.I _ as a waiter for five years, which contributes a lot to my todays work.A. serve B. have servedC. had served D. served【解析】D句意：我想知

8、道什么使你成為一名成功的經(jīng)理。我曾做過(guò)5年的效勞員，那段經(jīng)歷對(duì)我今天的工作有很大的幫助?！爱?dāng)效勞員是過(guò)去的事，故排除A、B兩項(xiàng)；設(shè)空處不表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去，故排除C項(xiàng)。9.Well go to the party to be held in Anhui Grand Theater at 8 tonight. Could you join us?Im afraid I cant. I _ the paper with my instructor.A. am discussingB. have discussedC. will be discussingD. will have discussed【

9、解析】C句意：我們將參加于今晚8點(diǎn)在安徽大劇院舉行的晚會(huì)。你愿意和我們一起去嗎？恐怕不行。那時(shí)我將正在和我的導(dǎo)師討論論文。由上句中的at 8 tonight可知下句應(yīng)該用將來(lái)時(shí)，應(yīng)選C。10.Have you called 119?As soon as I saw the smoke, I called the firemen, but they _ yet.A. didnt arrive B. hadnt arrivedC. havent arrived D. wouldnt arrive 【解析】C句意：你撥打119了嗎？看到煙，我就給消防隊(duì)打了 ，但是他們還沒(méi)有到達(dá)。此句因?yàn)橛衴et，而

10、且主要講述與如今的關(guān)系，所以用如今完成時(shí)?？键c(diǎn)二：動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)1.Suspected of having escaped the lecture, the naughty student _ about what he was doing when we were in the lecture hall yesterday afternoon.A. questionedB. will questionC. is being questionedD. had been questioned【解析】C句意：因?yàn)楸灰尚臎](méi)有聽(tīng)演講，那個(gè)淘氣的學(xué)生正在被訊問(wèn)昨天下午我們都在報(bào)告廳里的時(shí)候，他在做什么。根據(jù)

11、句意可知，the naughty student與“訊問(wèn)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，要使用被動(dòng)形式，并且是如今的事，故使用如今進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)形式。2.Honey, this is a present for your birthday.Ah! A pair of shoes, wellknown brandNike, I think it _ comfortable.A. wears B. is wornC. is wearing D. has worn 【解析】A句意：寶貝，我給你買了件生日禮物。??！一雙鞋，名牌耐克的。我想穿起來(lái)會(huì)很舒適。英語(yǔ)中的某些動(dòng)詞如taste，smell，sell，wear，c

12、ut等，可用其一般時(shí)態(tài)的主動(dòng)形式表示事物的特征、特點(diǎn)，例如：This knife cuts well.這把刀子很鋒利。These MP4s sell well. 這些MP4很暢銷。3.Have you moved into your new house?Not yet. It _ at present.A. will be painted B. was paintedC. is being painted D. is painted 【解析】C句意：你搬進(jìn)新房子里了嗎？還沒(méi)有。房子正在油漆。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)使用如今進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。4.More than ten people _ in

13、their own homes during the first 3 months of this year.A. were gassed B. had been gassedC. are gassed D. have been gassed【解析】A句意：在今年的前三個(gè)月中有超過(guò)10個(gè)人在他們的家中被毒氣毒死。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境中的時(shí)間during the first 3 months of this year可知?jiǎng)幼靼l(fā)生在過(guò)去，本句話并沒(méi)有表示“毒死這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在某個(gè)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作之前，因此選A項(xiàng)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)可以用來(lái)表達(dá)某一動(dòng)作在過(guò)去繼續(xù)了一段時(shí)間而終止了，或在過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間發(fā)生了假設(shè)干次。5.We

14、 are designing an experiment to find out whether glass _ more easily when it is cold.A. is broken B. will be brokenC. breaks D. will break【解析】C句意：我們正在設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)證明玻璃在溫度較低的情況下是不是更容易碎裂。根據(jù)句意，這里玻璃的碎裂是指物體的自然特性，故應(yīng)該用一般如今時(shí)態(tài)。1.It was a pity that when we got to the cinema, the movie _， so we saw only the end of i

15、t.A. was finishing B. has just finishedC. just finished D. had just finished【解析】A句意：很遺憾，當(dāng)我們到達(dá)電影院時(shí)，電影快要完畢了，所以我們只看到結(jié)尾部分。根據(jù)so we saw only the end of it可知電影快要完畢了。短暫性動(dòng)詞finish常用進(jìn)展時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。2.Bob entered for the final English competition.No wonder. He _ learning English.A. enjoyed B. enjoysC. has enjoyed D. w

16、as enjoying【解析】B句意：鮑勃進(jìn)入英語(yǔ)競(jìng)賽的決賽了。并不奇怪，他喜歡學(xué)英語(yǔ)?？疾煲话闳缃駮r(shí)，表示經(jīng)常的行為。3.Listen！Its raining.Oh, really? I _ it at all.A. didnt realize B. dont realizeC. havent realized D. hadnt realized【解析】A句意：聽(tīng)！如今下雨呢。噢，真的嗎？我一點(diǎn)都不知道。根據(jù)句意可知設(shè)空格處表示過(guò)去的事情，故排除B、C兩項(xiàng)；D項(xiàng)表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去，不合句意，故被排除。4.The meeting began two hours ago and because no

17、 decision _， we will continue our discussion tomorrow.A. has made B. had madeC. has been made D. had been made 【解析】C句意：會(huì)議是兩個(gè)小時(shí)之前開(kāi)場(chǎng)的，由于沒(méi)有做出任何決定，我們明天將繼續(xù)討論。根據(jù)句意可知此題考察被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，因此排除A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)。D項(xiàng)had been made表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去，與語(yǔ)境不符。has been made如今完成時(shí)表示“到目前為止，符合語(yǔ)境要求。5.Cant you see east of the two buildings _ an old tall towe

18、r?A. stand B. is standingC. stands D. are standing【解析】C句意：難道你沒(méi)看見(jiàn)在兩棟樓的東面屹立著一座高大的古塔嗎？see后為賓語(yǔ)從句，該賓語(yǔ)從句采用了倒裝形式，且主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)tower，故排除A、D兩項(xiàng)；如今進(jìn)展時(shí)表示“暫時(shí)性，故被排除，故答案為C項(xiàng)。6.Did you happen to hear the recent news?Yes, Alice _ the gold medal in the speech contest, which I find hard to believe.A. wins B. wonC. had won

19、 D. will win【解析】B句意：你聽(tīng)說(shuō)最近的新聞了嗎？是的，Alice在演講比賽中獲得了金牌，這真讓我難以相信。根據(jù)句意可知Alice獲得金牌發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故排除A項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去，而語(yǔ)境中并沒(méi)有強(qiáng)調(diào)獲得金牌發(fā)生在某個(gè)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作之前，應(yīng)選B。7.My train arrives in Chicago at eight oclock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there _ by then.A. would leave B. will have leftC. has left D. had left【解析

20、】B句意：我的火車今晚8點(diǎn)到芝加哥。到那時(shí)，我想從那里搭乘的那架飛機(jī)將會(huì)已經(jīng)分開(kāi)了。by到為止；而eight oclock tonight是將來(lái)的時(shí)刻，所以by thenby eight oclock tonight與將來(lái)完成時(shí)連用。8.Why do you look so depressed?Im in pretty bad shape and I _ things.A. have forgotten B. am forgettingC. had been forgetting D. was forgetting 【解析】B句意：為什么你看起來(lái)這么沮喪呢？我的體型不好而且經(jīng)常忘事。如今進(jìn)展時(shí)

21、，表示現(xiàn)階段反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情。9.David _ the test for further study in the USA. Lets have a party to congratulate him.A. passes B. has passedC. has been passing D. had passed【解析】B句意：大衛(wèi)已經(jīng)通過(guò)了能去美國(guó)深造的測(cè)試。咱們開(kāi)個(gè)派對(duì)祝賀一下他。David通過(guò)測(cè)試，因此我們才開(kāi)派對(duì)。據(jù)此判斷，pass的動(dòng)作對(duì)如今產(chǎn)生了影響，所以用如今完成時(shí)。10.Youve got your flat furnished, havent you?Yes , I _ so

22、me used furniture and it was a real bargain. A. will buy B. have boughtC. had bought D. bought【解析】D句意：你的公寓里擺上家具了，是嗎？是的，我買了一些舊家具，那真廉價(jià)。根據(jù)and后面的was可知設(shè)空處需用過(guò)去時(shí)，故排除A、B兩項(xiàng)；設(shè)空處不表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去，故排除C項(xiàng)。11.Jack, do you know anything about Doctor Brown?I _ to him for years. I dont see how anyone else could do better.A.

23、went B. will goC. had gone D. have been going【解析】D句意：Jack，你理解布朗醫(yī)生嗎？我在他那里看病很多年了，我不知道還會(huì)有人比他做得更好。根據(jù)句意可知說(shuō)話人一直在布朗醫(yī)生那里看病，如今完成進(jìn)展時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開(kāi)場(chǎng)發(fā)生，一直持續(xù)到如今還未停頓，此處也可指從過(guò)去到如今一直如此，應(yīng)選擇D項(xiàng)。12.My arrival was timed perfectly; it was the second weekend of November, when the world largest wine auction _.A. held B. was being

24、 heldC. was held D. was to hold 【解析】B句意：我的行程時(shí)間非常好；正是11月的第二個(gè)周末，那時(shí)正在舉行世界上最大的葡萄酒拍賣會(huì)。根據(jù)句意可知B項(xiàng)正確。13.My father _ a bus to his office until the workers have had his car fixed next week.A. has taken B. is takingC. took D. takes【解析】B句意：我的爸爸這段時(shí)間會(huì)一直坐公共汽車上班直到下周工人把他的車修好。根據(jù)從句中的關(guān)鍵詞have和next week可以將C項(xiàng)排除。A項(xiàng)表示“到目前為止，

25、與句意不符。D項(xiàng)表示通常情況下的習(xí)慣、慣例，與句意不符。B項(xiàng)表示暫時(shí)性，根據(jù)句意可知到下周的這幾天內(nèi)暫時(shí)做公共汽車。14.Can I pick you up at 5 oclock?Oh, no. You can come a little later. I _ cooking then.A. will do B. am doingC. would do D. will be doing【解析】D句意：我可以5點(diǎn)鐘去接你嗎？哦，不。你可以晚點(diǎn)來(lái)。那個(gè)時(shí)候我正在做飯呢。根據(jù)問(wèn)句中的“5點(diǎn)和答句中的“那時(shí)，表示在5點(diǎn)鐘時(shí)我將會(huì)正在做飯，是將來(lái)進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)，所以選D。15.Ill be able to

26、come to see your performance at 8：30 tomorrow evening.Im sorry, by then my performance _ and I _ reporters in the meeting room.A. will be ended；will meetB. is to end；will meetC. will have ended；will be meetingD. will end；am going to meet 【解析】C句意：明天晚上8：30我能來(lái)看你的演出。不好意思，到那時(shí)我的演出就會(huì)已經(jīng)完畢了，而我將正在會(huì)議室里會(huì)見(jiàn)記者。含有“

27、by將來(lái)時(shí)間的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用將來(lái)完成時(shí)態(tài)；“將會(huì)會(huì)見(jiàn)記者是將來(lái)正在做的事，使用將來(lái)進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)，應(yīng)選擇C項(xiàng)。16.How was the journey?Tiring! All the seats in the train _. I stood all the way.A. were occupied B. would be occupiedC. would occupy D. had occupied【解析】A句意：你的旅行怎么樣?。科v！火車上所有的座位都被占了。我站了一路。根據(jù)How was the journey？可知旅行應(yīng)該是過(guò)去的事情，所以座位被占也是發(fā)生在過(guò)去，因此用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；另外“座

28、位被占應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。17.What are your rules for carryon luggage, Madam?You _ only one piece of luggage on the plane, Sir.A. allow B. allowedC. are allowed D. were allowed【解析】C句意：女士，請(qǐng)問(wèn)你們對(duì)隨身攜帶的行李有什么規(guī)定嗎？先生，你只可以被允許攜帶一件行李上飛機(jī)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境中的rules可知用一般如今時(shí)來(lái)表述規(guī)定、常規(guī)的事情，根據(jù)句意可知此題為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，應(yīng)選擇C。18.Do you know anything new about the inc

29、ident?A working party _ to look into the problem.A. was set up B. has been set upC. has been setting up D. is setting up【解析】B句意：對(duì)于這起事故你有新的消息嗎？已成立一個(gè)工作組來(lái)調(diào)查此事了。首先工作組是被成立，故排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；另外，工作組成立后對(duì)如今造成影響，即工作組在調(diào)查此事，應(yīng)用如今完成時(shí)，而不是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，應(yīng)選B。19.An emergency meeting will be held tomorrow, at which the bill _ to pass.A

30、. is expected B. will be expectedC. expects D. will expect【解析】A句意：明天將召開(kāi)緊急會(huì)議，這項(xiàng)議案有望在會(huì)上通過(guò)。expect期望，意料，一般使用構(gòu)造為expect sth. to happen/sth. be expected to happen, 根據(jù)題意bill與expect之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，expect的動(dòng)作是指如今意料明天會(huì)上會(huì)發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。20.Although the Eiffel Tower _ to last for 20 years, it is still standing today.A. has des

31、igned B. had designedC. is designed D. was designed【解析】D句意：雖然埃菲爾鐵塔被設(shè)計(jì)成使用壽命為20年，但是今天它仍然矗立著。與today相對(duì)，design是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；同時(shí)，design與the Eiffel Tower之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以D項(xiàng)正確。21.Children today find it hard to focus on study.Exactly, as they _ so many fun things to do.A. found B. have foundC. had found D. will fi

32、nd【解析】B句意：今天的孩子發(fā)現(xiàn)集中精力學(xué)習(xí)很困難。確實(shí)如此，因此他們發(fā)現(xiàn)有很多好玩的事情要做。根據(jù)today可知議論的是如今的情況，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有B項(xiàng)為如今時(shí)。A：表達(dá)過(guò)去的情況；C：表達(dá)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或時(shí)間之前就完成的動(dòng)作；D：表將來(lái)。22.John seems happy, ever though his wife left him and he lost his job.I think he _ to put on a brave face.A. will try B. has triedC. had tried D. is trying【解析】D句意：約翰看上去很快樂(lè)，即使他的妻子分開(kāi)

33、了他，并且失業(yè)了。我想他在裝出一副英勇面孔。根據(jù)第一句可知約翰如今看起來(lái)很快樂(lè)是裝出來(lái)的，所以用如今進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)。23.Why didnt you attend the ceremony yesterday?Because my cousin came to see me, which I _.A. didnt expect B. havent expectedC. wasnt expecting D. hadnt expected【解析】D句意：昨天你為什么沒(méi)參加典禮？因?yàn)槲冶硇謥?lái)看我了，這是我沒(méi)有想到的。答語(yǔ)中的came是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，而expect很顯然發(fā)生在came之前，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。24.Have you received your new shoes?Yes. And at the same time I got the jacket I _.A. had ordered B. orderedC. have ordered D. order【解析】A句意：你收到你的新鞋了嗎？收到了。同時(shí)我還收到了我訂的夾克。此題考察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知got the jac