期中復(fù)習(xí)題型指導(dǎo)-完形填空 教案

1、.適用學(xué)科高中英語(yǔ)適用年級(jí)高二適用區(qū)域人教新課標(biāo)版課時(shí)時(shí)長(zhǎng)分鐘2課時(shí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)1. 完形填空考點(diǎn)；2. 各種題材的完形填空技巧點(diǎn)撥。教學(xué)目的1. 完形填空考點(diǎn)解讀；2. 完形填空技能的指導(dǎo)。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)1. 考點(diǎn)運(yùn)用；2. 各種題材完形填空的特點(diǎn)。教學(xué)難點(diǎn)不同題材完形填空技巧的運(yùn)用教學(xué)過(guò)程一、導(dǎo)入教學(xué)建議：導(dǎo)入有很多種方法，一般控制在十分鐘左右為宜，可以采用各種形式，比如：1、直接導(dǎo)入法。2、復(fù)習(xí)以往知識(shí)：可以從已學(xué)、已知的入手，與今天的教學(xué)進(jìn)行對(duì)比。3、課前小測(cè)：可以針對(duì)學(xué)生學(xué)校里近期講授的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行出題（以簡(jiǎn)單題和中檔題為主，以10分鐘左右為宜）進(jìn)行測(cè)驗(yàn)，也可以針對(duì)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí)提問(wèn)，檢查學(xué)生學(xué)校

2、所學(xué)內(nèi)容的掌握程度，進(jìn)而展開(kāi)教學(xué)。4、以近年來(lái)發(fā)生的重大事件為題導(dǎo)入。既考查了學(xué)生從社會(huì)生活中獲取信息的能力，又激發(fā)了學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，讓學(xué)生馬上進(jìn)入學(xué)習(xí)狀態(tài)等。以上的導(dǎo)入方法只是建議，大家選擇其中一種或兩種進(jìn)行交叉使用即可。完形填空是一種綜合測(cè)試，涉及的知識(shí)面很廣，是用來(lái)測(cè)試考生的閱讀理解才能和綜合應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言的才能。詳細(xì)表如今以下幾個(gè)方面：1詞語(yǔ)辨析才能2語(yǔ)法構(gòu)造分析才能3語(yǔ)篇理解才能4邏輯推理才能5文化背景透析才能6作者意圖剖析才能7生活常識(shí)綜合運(yùn)用才能二、知識(shí)講解完形填空在選材上主要以記敘文、夾敘夾議型的文章為主，伴之以說(shuō)明文和議論文。所選材料源于生活，時(shí)代感強(qiáng)，語(yǔ)言地道，內(nèi)容安康，情節(jié)豐富

3、，寓意深化，常涉及人物的心理活動(dòng)描寫(xiě)，集知識(shí)、文化、教育和娛樂(lè)為一體，具有極強(qiáng)的可讀性。詞數(shù)大多在250300，難度低于閱讀理解部分的文段。完形填空試題在選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置上越來(lái)越淡化語(yǔ)法構(gòu)造，重在文意的干擾，即把詳細(xì)的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)溶進(jìn)詳細(xì)的語(yǔ)言情景中去，考察考生通過(guò)上下文的前后提示或暗示，對(duì)整體文意進(jìn)展把握的才能。這種考察方式所占的比例較大，且難度也大，假設(shè)單純從句子或個(gè)別段落來(lái)分析，或許所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)法和構(gòu)造上都是正確的，假設(shè)放在全局，那么不一定正確。因此，快速閱讀全文，領(lǐng)悟文章主旨，通過(guò)上下文的語(yǔ)境來(lái)選擇正確答案是解決這類題的關(guān)鍵。探究點(diǎn)1對(duì)名詞和動(dòng)詞的考查完形填空主要考察語(yǔ)境理解， 而在通常情

4、況下， 只有實(shí)詞才能較好地表達(dá)語(yǔ)境。一、名詞名詞是完形填空中對(duì)詞匯考察的重要內(nèi)容之一。名詞在英語(yǔ)根本詞匯中所占比例很大， 而且英語(yǔ)中名詞的同義詞和近義詞很多， 所以對(duì)名詞考察的主要工程是名詞詞義辨析， 此外還有名詞與介詞的搭配、名詞與動(dòng)詞的搭配等。做題時(shí)應(yīng)該注意：1名詞的根本意義以及同、近義名詞的區(qū)分【例題1】 Chinese arts have won the _ of a lot of people outside China.AenjoymentBappreciationCentertainment Dreputation 【答案】B 【解析】 此題考察名詞的詞義辨析。enjoyment

5、享樂(lè)， 快樂(lè)；appreciation欣賞， 正確評(píng)價(jià)， 感謝；entertainment款待， 娛樂(lè)；reputation聲譽(yù)， 名聲。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“中國(guó)的藝術(shù)得到許多海外人士的好評(píng)可知答案為B。2 名詞在特定情景、語(yǔ)境中的特殊含義【例題2】“The longer you stay away from the motherland， she said, “the sweeter your blood grows to the mosquitoes. Well, less than a week after my arrival, I was already carpeted with a _ o

6、f mosquito bites.Ashade BpileCcloud DBlanket 【答案】D 【解析】 blanket原意是“毯子，毛毯， 此處意思是“像毯子一樣的厚厚的覆蓋物， 此處引申為“一層。另外， blanket常用作名詞， 意思是“毯子， 也可用作動(dòng)詞， 意思是“像毯子一樣覆蓋?！纠}3】It didnt matter whether you were black, white or Asian; everyone worked together for the _ of the company. Agood Bboss Crest DRight 【答案】A 【解析】此處go

7、od是名詞， 意為“好處，利益。3 名詞與動(dòng)詞的搭配【例題4】I have read the material several times but it didnt make any _ to me.Ameaning BimportanceCsense Dsignificance 【答案】C 【解析】make sense是固定習(xí)語(yǔ)， 意為“意義清楚，講得通，有道理。4 名詞與介詞的搭配【例題5】Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by _ of cries.Aways Bmeans Cmethods DApproach

8、es 【答案】B 【解析】四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“方法，手段的意思， 但by means of 是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“借助手段。 二、動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞是高考考察的熱點(diǎn)。命題者通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)特定的、真實(shí)的語(yǔ)境對(duì)動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的用法進(jìn)展考察。做題時(shí)應(yīng)該注意：1動(dòng)詞的根本意義、引申意義【例題1】Scientists around the world have been studying the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean known as EL Nino. The appearance of EL Nino is known to _ the weather around th

9、e world.Aeffect BaffectCspoil DHeat 【答案】B 【解析】effect使發(fā)生，實(shí)現(xiàn)，引起；affect影響，作用；spoil寵壞，溺愛(ài)，破壞；heat加熱?！纠}2】People who are well­adjusted are able to_ stressful situations better than others.AHandle Bcreate Caffect Dinvestigate 【答案】A 【解析】handle作名詞時(shí)意思是“柄， 把手， 此處用作動(dòng)詞， 意為“處理， 操作。 2同、近義動(dòng)詞的區(qū)分【例題3】Hospital st

10、aff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20­hour operation to have_ one­year­old twins at the head.Acut BseparatedCdivided DRemoved 【答案】B 【解析】 cut切，割，削，剪，截；separate把本來(lái)在一起的人或物分開(kāi)， 別離；divide把一個(gè)整體劃分為均等的幾個(gè)部分；remove把脫掉， 剔除。根據(jù)題意“醫(yī)生成功地施行了手術(shù)， 把連體孿生嬰兒分開(kāi)了， 只有separate 符合語(yǔ)境?！纠}4】Four years

11、of study in Hong Kong is not cheap, costing at least 400,000 yuan, but many top students _ scholarships.Aaccept BreceiveCrequire DRequest 【答案】B 【解析】accept承受， 同意， 承擔(dān)責(zé)任等；receive收到，承受，迎接。此處的意思是“很多優(yōu)秀學(xué)生獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。 3動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配【例題1】A month ago, right before leaving Kennedy Airport, my grandma_ me of the behavior

12、of the native mosquitoes around the visitors like me.A persuaded Breminded Cwarned DInformed 【答案】C 【解析】warn sb.of sth.是固定搭配， 意為“警告某人某事?！纠}2】Scientists are _ of the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health. Aconvinced Bpersuaded CAllowed Dprevented 【答案】A 【解析】convince sb.of sth.使某人確信，

13、 使信服。 4. 動(dòng)詞與名詞的搭配【例題1】 “But they are _damage to our houses and shops of historical interest， said John Norris, one of the protesters.Adoing BraisingCputting DProducing【答案】A【解析】固定搭配do damage to意為“損害，破壞。【例題2】He explained that I looked for the best in people，.From then on, Ive always tried to _the prin

14、ciple in my life and later in running my company. Arevise BSet Creview DFollow 【答案】D 【解析】follow the principle遵循原那么。探究點(diǎn)2對(duì)形容詞和副詞的考查形容詞、副詞是高考完形填空題重要的考察內(nèi)容。形容詞可以修飾名詞；副詞主要用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞等。重點(diǎn)掌握以下兩類副詞：1由形容詞加后綴-ly構(gòu)成的副詞， 如slowly漸漸地, politely有禮貌地, proudly驕傲地, carelessly粗心地, properly適當(dāng)?shù)兀?完全地, successfully成功地， bad

15、ly嚴(yán)重地， 非常等。 2由分詞加后綴-ly構(gòu)成的副詞， 如surprisingly使人驚奇的是, hurriedly匆忙地, undoubtedly無(wú)疑， 必定等。做題時(shí)應(yīng)該注意：1形容詞、副詞的根本意義、引申意義【例題1】That his only son was killed in a car accident was a _ blow to the old man.Aheavy BbroadChuge Dmain 【答案】A 【解析】老人唯一的兒子在車禍中喪生對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是沉重的打擊。這里的heavy意思是“強(qiáng)烈的， 沉重的?！纠}2】She has the ability to keep

16、_ in an emergency.Aquiet BcalmCstill DSilent【答案】B 【解析】我們不妨從這幾個(gè)表示“靜的反義詞的角度來(lái)加以辨析。calm對(duì)應(yīng)wild, 指海上無(wú)浪， 情緒穩(wěn)定；still對(duì)應(yīng)moving, 指不動(dòng)；silent對(duì)應(yīng)wordy, 指不出聲；quiet對(duì)應(yīng)noisy, 指安靜， 無(wú)噪音。由句意可知應(yīng)選B?！纠}3】Mr. Smith used to smoke _ but he has given it up. Aseriously BheavilyCbadly DHardly【答案】B【解析】Mr. Smith以前抽煙抽得很兇， 但如今已經(jīng)戒掉了。這

17、里的heavily指的是量大， 次數(shù)頻繁。 2同、近義形容詞、副詞的區(qū)別在對(duì)形容詞和副詞的考察中， 有時(shí)會(huì)碰到同義、近義詞的辨析。辨析時(shí)， 單從漢語(yǔ)意思上有時(shí)是無(wú)法辨清的。我們要逆向思維， 采用反義比照、分析構(gòu)詞等方法， 使語(yǔ)義一目了然?！纠}1】When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above _.Aaverage BordinaryCregular Dnormal【例題2】Letter boxes are much more _ in the UK than in the US, where most people have a m

18、ailbox instead.A mon BNormal Cordinary Dusual【例題3】Its in the _ interest that we should have a well-run health service.Aordinary BgeneralCParticular Dusual【例題4】Now, in our country, free medical treatment covers sickness of mind as well as _sickness.Anormal BaverageCordinary Dregular【答案】1.D2.A3.B4.C 【

19、解析】這組題目主要涉及ordinary, usual, common和normal等詞語(yǔ)的辨析。要辨清這幾個(gè)中文意義非常相近的詞的用法， 我們不妨來(lái)個(gè)逆向思維， 從它們的反義詞上去尋找一些“蛛絲馬跡：ordinary special 特殊的；general specific, particular 詳細(xì)的， 個(gè)體的；common rare 少見(jiàn)的；normal abnormal 不正常的。從反義詞的角度， 把同義、近義詞作比照， 它們的區(qū)別便一目了然。 3形容詞與介詞的搭配【例題1】This magazine is very _ with young people, who like its

20、content and style.Afamiliar BpopularCsimilar DParticular【答案】B【解析】be familiar with熟悉；be popular with受歡送；be similar to與相似注意不搭配介詞with；be particular about對(duì)很講究不搭配介詞with。 4副詞與動(dòng)詞的搭配【例題1】I _ recognize the difficult situation the company is in.AStrongly BdeeplyCsincerely DFully【答案】D 【解析】注意記憶一些常用表達(dá)， 如deeply r

21、egret 深感遺憾；fully recognize完全認(rèn)清；sincerely hope由衷地希望；strongly recommend強(qiáng)烈建議。 5語(yǔ)境對(duì)形容詞、副詞的考察， 側(cè)重語(yǔ)境考察占較大比重。解答此類題目時(shí)不僅要理解形容詞和副詞的詞義， 而且對(duì)語(yǔ)境的正確理解更為重要。所以，要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選擇與短文所描繪的情景或表達(dá)的人、物、事件的性質(zhì)、特征等有關(guān)的形容詞或副詞， 選擇與短文前后表達(dá)的話題、主題、中心內(nèi)容相關(guān)的形容詞或副詞?！纠}1】The committee is discussing the problem right now. It will _ have been solved

22、by the end of next week. Aeagerly Bhopefully Cimmediately Gradually【答案】B 【解析】既然“如今正在討論， 那么這個(gè)問(wèn)題在一定時(shí)間內(nèi)得到解決是“有希望的。比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng)， 你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)A、C、D在邏輯上都講不通， 可知答案是B。【例題2】 At times, worrying is a normal, _ response to a difficult event or situation a loved one being injured in an accident, for example.Aeffective Bindivi

23、dualCinevitable DUnfavorable【答案】C【解析】分析題干的語(yǔ)境可知， 既然“worrying是對(duì)困難的一種正常反響， 那么這種現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生就是自然的， 也是“不可防止的。三 、課堂運(yùn)用教學(xué)建議說(shuō)明：在對(duì)課堂知識(shí)講解完，把握了重點(diǎn)突破了難點(diǎn)以及練習(xí)精講了之后，再用練習(xí)進(jìn)行課堂鞏固或檢測(cè)，根據(jù)學(xué)生情況建議分3個(gè)難度層次：易，中，難。記敘文型完形填空記敘文是完形填空的主打體裁。其主要特點(diǎn)是以記敘為主，輔以各種綜合表達(dá)方法，包括描寫(xiě)、說(shuō)明、議論和抒情等。通過(guò)對(duì)人和事的描寫(xiě)表達(dá)作者的思想感情和中心思想。記敘的要素包括時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件的起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結(jié)果。記敘文的另一特點(diǎn)就是有

24、一定的敘事線索，如：人物線索人物的經(jīng)歷、見(jiàn)聞、感受等、事件線索中心事件的來(lái)龍去脈、感情線索作者或作品中主要人物的思想感情變化、時(shí)間線索、地點(diǎn)和空間線索等。作者在表達(dá)過(guò)程中往往會(huì)融入人物的語(yǔ)言、行為、心理的描寫(xiě)，這在一定程度上增加了考生理解文章的難度。這時(shí)，考生必須理清上下文的脈絡(luò)，對(duì)人物的語(yǔ)言、行為、心理等進(jìn)展合理的想象和推理，并仔細(xì)揣摩作者的用意，從而透徹理解文意，到達(dá)對(duì)語(yǔ)境的準(zhǔn)確理解，這樣才能做出合理的選擇。典例導(dǎo)練 “What a busy day！Babysitting the three boys aged eight，six and four is extremely tiring

25、，Mary thought.Leaning back，she_1_ her feet onto the sofa to get comfortable. Whoever said babysitting was an_2_way to make money obviously hadnt met the three boys，she thought. The television was on，the room was warm，and the lights were dim. Marys _3_ felt heavier and heavier. I mustnt sleep，she tho

26、ughtwhich was _4_ what she did，of course.Strangely enough，she soon_5_that she was a world-famous chef主廚She made a _6_and wore diamonds and designer clothes. Most days she relaxed by the pool，meeting the rich and famous or readingher favorite hobby.She_7_took the leading role in her own TV show.That

27、is, until she became too proud. “I am definitely the best in the world，she thought，as she prepared a tasty chicken dish. But _8_ seemed to go right. She spilt the flour，she dropped an egg and she cut her finger. Despite all the troubles，she _9_ to get the chicken into the stove. Soon，smoke blanketed

28、 the room. The chicken was on fire._10_set in，but Mary could not runshe was_11_to the spot. She tried hard to move，but could not，until a sharp sound awoke her.She got shocked and confused_12_ was pouring from the kitchen. Rushing to investigate，she was met by three _13_ little faces and some very bu

29、rnt bread. “Sorry，we were hungry and you were _14_，so we tried to make some bread， explained a boy. Relieved，Mary made them a snack and sent them back to bed. She _15_ them never to fall asleep on the job again!1.A.shook Bput Cbent Dkept2.A.difficult Bboring Cimportant Deasy3.A.eyes Bmind Cheart Dle

30、gs4.A.nicely Bexactly Ccuriously Dcarelessly5.A.realized Breminded Clearnt Ddreamt6.A.decision Bfortune Cbusiness Dplan7.A.just Bever Ceven Donly8.A.everything Bsomething Canything Dnothing9.A.tried Barranged CManaged Dprepared10.A.Panic Bpain CNoise DStress11.A.frozen Bdragged Cpushed Dbrought12.A.

31、smoke Blight Cwater Dfire13.A.cheerful Bstrange Cguilty Dconfident14.A.busy Bhungry Cworried Dasleep15.A.promised Ballowed Cexpected DPersuaded【答案】1-5 BDABD 6-10 BCDCA 11-15 AACDA【解析】 本文為記敘文，主要表達(dá)了保姆瑪麗在照顧小孩時(shí)因疲勞而睡著了，結(jié)果，小孩子們因饑餓自己做東西吃時(shí)燒焦了面包?，旣愺@醒后哄他們睡覺(jué)。1B考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境應(yīng)該是她把腳放在沙發(fā)上想舒適一些。A項(xiàng)意為“搖動(dòng)；B項(xiàng)意為“放；C項(xiàng)意為“

32、彎曲；D項(xiàng)意為“保持，只有B符合題意。2D考察形容詞詞義辨析。聯(lián)絡(luò)前后文理解，她想有些人認(rèn)為做保姆是輕松的工作是因?yàn)樗麄儧](méi)有碰到這三個(gè)孩子。easy符合語(yǔ)境。3A考察名詞詞義辨析。聯(lián)絡(luò)前后文理解，因疲勞她的眼睛感到越來(lái)越沉重。A項(xiàng)意為“眼睛；B項(xiàng)意為“頭腦；C項(xiàng)意為“心臟；D項(xiàng)意為“腿，根據(jù)題意答案選A。 4B考察副詞詞義辨析。聯(lián)絡(luò)前文理解她想不睡，但事實(shí)上她偏偏睡著了。句意為：那恰恰是她做的事。A項(xiàng)意為“很好地；B項(xiàng)意為“恰好；C項(xiàng)意為“好奇地；D項(xiàng)意為“粗心地，根據(jù)題意答案選B。5D考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。聯(lián)絡(luò)前后文，她睡著后做了夢(mèng)。A項(xiàng)意為“認(rèn)識(shí)到；B項(xiàng)意為“提醒；C項(xiàng)意為“學(xué)習(xí)；D項(xiàng)意為“做

33、夢(mèng)，D符合語(yǔ)境。 6B考察情景識(shí)別和固定短語(yǔ)。聯(lián)絡(luò)語(yǔ)境，她做夢(mèng)掙了很多錢(qián)。make a fortune意為“掙大錢(qián)，固定短語(yǔ)。 7C考察副詞。句意為：她甚至在她自己的電視節(jié)目中擔(dān)任主角。聯(lián)絡(luò)前面的好事，這是進(jìn)一步的好事，所以選C項(xiàng)，意為“甚至。A項(xiàng)意為“只是；B項(xiàng)意為“曾經(jīng)；D項(xiàng)意為“只，僅僅，三者都不符合題意。 8D考察不定代詞。聯(lián)絡(luò)后文的切了手指、掉了雞蛋等事推知選nothing。9C考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。聯(lián)絡(luò)前后文理解，她設(shè)法把雞肉放進(jìn)爐子里，但是，不久雞肉燒著了。A項(xiàng)意為“努力；B項(xiàng)意為“安排；C項(xiàng)意為“設(shè)法做到；D項(xiàng)意為“準(zhǔn)備，故C符合題意。10A考察名詞辨析。聯(lián)絡(luò)前文理解，她陷入了恐慌

34、。故Panic適宜。11A考察動(dòng)詞辨析。聯(lián)絡(luò)前文雞肉燒著了，她不知如何是好就僵在了當(dāng)場(chǎng)。A項(xiàng)意為“僵??；B項(xiàng)意為“拖，拉；C項(xiàng)意為“推；D項(xiàng)意為“帶來(lái)，故A適宜。12A考察名詞辨析。聯(lián)絡(luò)后文理解，煙是從廚房里冒出來(lái)的。A項(xiàng)意為“煙；B項(xiàng)意為“光；C項(xiàng)意為“水；D項(xiàng)意為“火，從后文推斷A符合題意。 13C考察形容詞辨析。從后文孩子們的抱歉推斷這里指的是“歉意的小臉蛋，應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)guilty。A項(xiàng)意為“興高采烈的；B項(xiàng)意為“奇怪的；D項(xiàng)意為“自信的，這三者不符合語(yǔ)境。14D考察形容詞辨析。句意為：你在睡覺(jué)，而我們很餓所以我們就自己弄東西吃。A項(xiàng)意為“忙的；B項(xiàng)意為“餓的；C項(xiàng)意為“擔(dān)憂的；D項(xiàng)意為“

35、睡著的，根據(jù)句意答案選D。15A考察動(dòng)詞辨析。聯(lián)絡(luò)前文她自己出現(xiàn)了過(guò)錯(cuò)，這里指的是她許諾不再在工作期間睡覺(jué)。A項(xiàng)意為“許諾；B項(xiàng)意為“允許；C項(xiàng)意為“意料；D項(xiàng)意為“說(shuō)服，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境答案選A。夾敘夾議型完形填空夾敘夾議的文章是完形填空中熱點(diǎn)體裁。所選文章語(yǔ)言地道、寓意深化、可讀性強(qiáng)。此類完形填空一般有以下三種構(gòu)造特點(diǎn)：1事例觀點(diǎn)。先表達(dá)作者自己親歷或所見(jiàn)所聞的一件事情，然后針對(duì)這件事情發(fā)表自己對(duì)生活的看法，或提醒生活的真理；2觀點(diǎn)事例。先提出一種觀點(diǎn)或看法，然后圍繞這一觀點(diǎn)或看法用詳細(xì)的事例來(lái)說(shuō)明，一般是一個(gè)事例，有時(shí)也會(huì)用幾個(gè)事例從不同的側(cè)面加以說(shuō)明；3觀點(diǎn)事例觀點(diǎn)。提出一種觀點(diǎn)或看法，然后用

36、事例說(shuō)明，最后再進(jìn)一步闡述或總結(jié)自己的觀點(diǎn)。解題時(shí)，要做到：1讀好短文首句，琢磨文章內(nèi)容。完形填空的首句一般不設(shè)空，是完好的一句話，信息就從這里開(kāi)場(chǎng)，他暗示或告訴讀者下文將會(huì)說(shuō)什么。正確的利用首句信息對(duì)于把握文章的大意是極其重要和有效的；2感受文體風(fēng)格，領(lǐng)會(huì)作者意圖。文章的寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格往往能表現(xiàn)出作者的思想傾向和情感態(tài)度，因此分析作者是否一直用某種態(tài)度表達(dá)某件事情，就能正確地把握反映作者思想情感的關(guān)鍵詞。典例導(dǎo)練 A boy was walking home from school when he saw a large, tempting誘人的 apple on one of the branc

37、hes of an apple tree hanging out over a tall fence. Seeing the apple, the boy wanted it. The more he looked at it, the_1_he felt and the more he wanted that apple. He stood on tiptoe腳尖，_2_as high as he could, but even at his tallest height he was unable to touch it. He began to_3_up and down, as hig

38、h as he could, at the top of each jump stretching his arms to get the apple. Still it remained out of_4_. Not giving up, he thought, if only he had something to_5_on.His school bag wouldnt give enough height and he didnt want to_6_the things inside, like his lunch box, pencil case, and Gameboy.Looki

39、ng_7_， he hoped he might find an old box, a rock, or even a ladder, but there was nothing he could use. He had tried everything he could think to do._8_seeing any other choices, he gave up and started to walk_9_.At first he felt angry and disappointed thinking about how hungry he had become from his

40、_10_， and how he really wanted that apple. The more he_11_like this, the more unhappy he became. _12_， the boy of our story was a pretty smart guy, even if he couldnt always get what he wanted. He started to say to himself，“This isnt_13_.I dont have the apple and Im feeling miserable as well.Theres_

41、14_more I can do to get the applethat is unchangeablebut we are supposed to be able to_15_our feelings. If thats the case, what can I do to feel better？1.A.sadder Bangrier Chungrier Dtastier2.A.expanding Bstretching Cswinging Dpulling3.A.jump Blook Cwalk Dglance4.A.hope Bhand Csight Dreach5.A.put Bs

42、tand Cget Dhold6.A.break Bshake Ctake Dstrike7.A.up Bforward Cdown Daround8.A.After BThrough CWithout DUpon9.A.back Baway Cup Ddown10.A.wishes Bbeliefs Cefforts Dgoals11.A.thought Bimagined Ctried Dclaimed12.A.Therefore BHowever CMoreover DOtherwise13.A.skillful Bcheerful Charmful Dhelpful14.A.somet

43、hing Banything Ceverything Dnothing15.A.change Bexpress Cforget DDescribe【答案】1-5 CBADB 6-10 ADCBC 11-15 ABDDA【解析】 本文屬夾敘夾議文。主要講述了一個(gè)男孩放學(xué)回家途中看到蘋(píng)果樹(shù)上高高掛著的蘋(píng)果，盡力想摘下，但無(wú)論他如何努力，他始終沒(méi)有摘下蘋(píng)果，最終只能放棄回家，不過(guò)他越想越不開(kāi)心。本文說(shuō)明面對(duì)我們無(wú)法改變的事實(shí)時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該及時(shí)改變自己的看法，這樣感覺(jué)會(huì)更好。 1C考察形容詞比較級(jí)的詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“更難過(guò)；B項(xiàng)意為“更生氣；C項(xiàng)意為“更餓；D項(xiàng)意為“味道更好。句意為：他越看蘋(píng)果，就感

44、到越餓，就越想要擁有蘋(píng)果。應(yīng)選擇C項(xiàng)。 2B考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“擴(kuò)展；B項(xiàng)意為“延伸；C項(xiàng)意為“搖擺；D項(xiàng)意為“拖。句意為：他踮起腳尖，手盡可能伸高。所以用stretch表示“延伸。 3A考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。由句意可知，他開(kāi)場(chǎng)上下跳得盡可能高，以便可以到蘋(píng)果。所以此題選擇A項(xiàng)jump。 4D考察名詞詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“希望；B項(xiàng)意為“手；C項(xiàng)意為“視覺(jué)，視野；D項(xiàng)意為“范圍，延伸。句意為：雖然跳得很高，但是仍舊夠不著。out of reach意為“夠不著，是固定搭配。 5B考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意為：他沒(méi)有放棄，他認(rèn)為要是有個(gè)東西墊高站在上面就好了。have something to st

45、and on表示“有東西可站。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。 6A考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“破損，弄壞；B項(xiàng)意為“搖動(dòng)；C項(xiàng)意為“拿走；D項(xiàng)意為“撞擊，碰撞。句意為：他的書(shū)包不能墊起很高，而且他也不想弄壞break里面的東西，像午餐盒、鉛筆盒和玩具。 7D考察動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。look up意為“抬頭看，查找；look forward意為“向前看，展望；look down意為“向下看；look around意為“四處張望。除了書(shū)包外，他只有四處張望尋找，希望能找到一個(gè)舊盒子、石頭等可以墊高的東西，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。 8C他已經(jīng)嘗試了能想到的所有方法。別無(wú)選擇他只能放棄了，所以這里選C項(xiàng)。 9B考察副詞的用法。放棄了摘蘋(píng)果，

46、他分開(kāi)了walk away。 10C考察名詞詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“希望；B項(xiàng)意為“信仰，理念；C項(xiàng)意為“努力；D項(xiàng)意為“目的。句意為：起初他感到氣憤、絕望，想到自己那么努力就生氣，而且他真的很想擁有那個(gè)蘋(píng)果。所以此題選擇C項(xiàng)。 11A考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“想到，認(rèn)為；B項(xiàng)意為“想象；C項(xiàng)意為“試圖；D項(xiàng)意為“聲稱。句意為：他想得越多，就越生氣。根據(jù)句意可知選用A項(xiàng)。 12B考察副詞詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“因此；B項(xiàng)意為“然而；C項(xiàng)意為“而且；D項(xiàng)意為“否那么。句意為：然而however，故事中的男孩是一個(gè)聰明的孩子，即使他總是得不到他想要的東西。此處是與上文形成比照，所以選B項(xiàng)表示轉(zhuǎn)折。 13

47、D考察形容詞詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“純熟的，乖巧的；B項(xiàng)意為“快樂(lè)的；C項(xiàng)意為“有害的；D項(xiàng)意為“有益的。句意為：他自言自語(yǔ)道，這生氣無(wú)益，我沒(méi)有蘋(píng)果而且我也感到痛苦。 14D考察不定代詞的用法。句意為：我再?zèng)]有什么方法可以幫我去摘到蘋(píng)果了，這已是不變的事實(shí)。不過(guò)，我們應(yīng)該可以改變自己內(nèi)心的感受即不要生氣。因此選擇D項(xiàng)。15A考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“改變；B項(xiàng)意為“表達(dá)；C項(xiàng)意為“忘記；D項(xiàng)意為“描繪。議論文型完形填空 議論文是完形填空中較難的一種文體，一般由三個(gè)要素組成：論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、結(jié)論。要做好議論文類的完形填空最重要的是抓住作者的論點(diǎn)。不同的議論文論點(diǎn)的提出方式往往不同，大體有以下三種情況

48、：1開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山地提出論點(diǎn)。有些議論文在文章的一開(kāi)場(chǎng)就提出論點(diǎn)。然后再通過(guò)詳細(xì)的論據(jù)去說(shuō)明論點(diǎn)，論據(jù)有時(shí)候既有正面的論據(jù)，也有反面的論據(jù)，最后總結(jié)全文。2導(dǎo)入式提出論點(diǎn)。有些議論文會(huì)先通過(guò)表達(dá)生活中的一件詳細(xì)的事情或描繪生活中的現(xiàn)象，然后根據(jù)事情或現(xiàn)象所反映的問(wèn)題提出自己的論點(diǎn)，再用詳細(xì)的論據(jù)去說(shuō)明自己的論點(diǎn)。3最后提出論點(diǎn)。有些議論文一開(kāi)場(chǎng)作者僅僅是列舉生活中的現(xiàn)象，不說(shuō)明自己的觀點(diǎn)，而是通過(guò)對(duì)具表達(dá)象的分析，自然得出一種結(jié)論，這種結(jié)論往往就是作者的論點(diǎn)。對(duì)于純議論形式的完形填空，要在掌握全文主旨的情況下，抓好每段的首句。抓住了每段的主旨句也就是把握了文章的脈絡(luò)，理解文意就容易多了。 真題典例

49、It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes.The_1_is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual 智力的 growth by_2_situations that are designed for the_3_children.There can be little doubt that_4_classes can he

50、lp the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. However, to take these_5_out of the regular classes may create serious problems.I observed a number of_6_children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a_7_class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment, relying_8_on their teachers directions. In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to reflect_9_on many problems, some of which were not on the school pr