語法專題（冠詞）

1、.語法專題冠詞冠詞冠詞是虛詞，本身不能單獨使用，常用在名詞的前面，幫助指明名詞的含義。英語中的冠詞有三種，一種是不定冠詞a/an,另一種是定冠詞the ，還有一種是零冠詞名詞前不用冠詞一 考察熱點1. 考察冠詞的根本用法2. 考察定冠詞和不定冠詞的特殊用法，如：比較級前冠詞的使用，抽象名詞詳細(xì)化前冠詞的使用，一日三餐名詞前冠詞的使用等3. 固定搭配二 老師寄語冠詞填空搶分絕招：假如“形容詞+名詞前無其他限定詞，一般填冠詞。那么填那種冠詞呢？1.看語意，假如翻譯為“一個，一種，一本一般用不定冠詞a/an; 翻譯為“這.那 表示特指就用the 。2.看構(gòu)造，假如名詞后有of短語，不定式或定語從句等

2、這樣的限定成份時，一般用the.3.固定搭配，習(xí)慣用語要記牢知識清單一不定冠詞常用的幾種情況1不定冠詞的用法a 用于輔音因素前，an用于元音音素前表示“一個，相當(dāng)于one或everyThis is an interesting book and it is also a useful one2 .表一類人或物A horse is a useful animal.3“某一個，相當(dāng)于a certainA Mr.Li is waiting for you .4. 抽象名詞詳細(xì)化時，可以表示“一場，一次，一件，a pleasure一件樂事，a surprise一件令人驚訝的事，a joy一件快樂的事，

3、a pity 一件遺憾的事，an honour一個件以某一為榮的人事等前加不定冠詞5. 數(shù)詞前加不定冠詞表示“又一，再一之意He has failed twice in P.E test ,and he is wondering whether he have a chance tohave a third try .6. 用于有形容詞修飾的一日三餐，季節(jié)，日期前a big supper a light breakfast a very hot summer a wonderful Sunday7.與形容詞比較級連用表示一個更。的In recent years ,the small town

4、has enjoyed a bigger boom than ever.8. 固定搭配have a cold have a good/great time After a while have a try In a hurry be at a loss all of a sudden a great many go on a diet have a gift for as a result as a rule as a matter of fact in a short while/period have a chance keep an eye on Take an interest in

5、take/have a walk make a living live a happy life a most + adj +n a picture of sb doing sth 一張某人做.的照片that/so +adj + a/an + n可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) such a/an +adj + n可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)what a/an +adj+ n可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語 +be二 定冠詞的使用1.使用定冠詞的一般情況。1.特指或第二次提到2.序數(shù)詞前，最高級前，獨一無二的事物前3.用于表示創(chuàng)造物的單數(shù)名詞前或某些專有名詞前Invent the computer4用在身體部位名稱前，相當(dāng)于物主代詞動詞+sb

6、+介詞+the+身體部位His jaw was broken after he was hit on the head.2.定冠詞使用的特殊場合1.He hit him in the facebeat sb on the nose take sb by the arm pat sb on the head /shoulder2.the poor the rich the wounded the disabled3.the elder of the two, the more beautiful of the two 兩者中較年長的一位 /中較漂亮 的一個4.the soon, the bett

7、er5.he got paid by the hour 他是按小時付工錢的By the month /year/day/dozen注意by weight按重量6in the 50s /in the7 the Smiths /the Whites 表示一家人或夫妻倆8tell the truth /on the other hand /on the way home3固定搭配at the momenton the right/leftin the west/east/distancethe morning/afternoon/evening on the contraryin the endby

8、 the waythe day before yesterdayon the spoton the wholein the habit of doing sthfor the time beingin the daytimemake the most/best ofthe other dayon the radio/ phoneon the one hand.on the other hand.三.零冠詞的情況1專有名詞，物質(zhì)名詞，抽象名詞，人名，地名等名詞前一般不加冠詞。China ,America Smith2可數(shù)名詞前有物主代詞，指示代詞，名詞所有格等限制時，不加冠詞This dicti

9、onary is mine3季節(jié)，月份，日期，節(jié)日，假日，一日三餐名詞前一般不加冠詞。March , May Day, National Day, ChildrensDay, Womens dayHave you had supper?Spring is the best season of the year.4 學(xué)科名稱，球類，棋類名稱前不加冠詞Do you study physics?He likes playing footdall/chess.5復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示泛指一類人或事物時前不用冠詞。They are peasants/workers.6 在于by 連用的交通工具名稱前不加冠詞By

10、car/bus/bike/train/air/water/land注意take a bus come in a boat on the train/bus7 某些固定詞組中不用冠詞名詞詞組中Husband and wife , brother and sister , body and soul , day and night , knife and fork介詞詞組at noon/night/midnight/dawn/dusk At bottom last at present at war In order in peace in trouble in sight in advance

11、in danger in fashion in fact in case in favor of without result without doubt without hesitation take part in form beginning to end注意：在有些詞組中，有無冠詞含義不同1in hospital/ prison in the hospital/prison2in front of in the front of3in charge/control in the charge/control of4out of question out of the question8

12、.as 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，做表語的名詞不帶冠詞Child as she is ,she knows a lot of French9.系動詞turn 變成，后坐表語的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前習(xí)慣不用冠詞The young girl has turn writer.The young girl has become a writer四、語法填空1. 2019.天津卷 Life is like _ ocean ,only the strong-willed can reach the other shore. 2.2019.重慶卷 I cant tell you _way to the Wilsons

13、because we dont have _Wilson here in the village .3.2019.浙江卷 The paper is due next month and I am working seven days_ week, often long into _night4.2019.陜西卷_village where I was born has grown into _town.5.2019.江西卷They chose tom to be _captain of the team because they knew he was _smart leader6.2019.

14、新課標(biāo)全國卷IIndia attained Independence in 1974,after _long struggle7.2019.重慶卷The parents were shocked by _news that their son needed_ operation on his knee8.2019.山東卷It was _cold winter night and the moon was shinning brightly across_ _night sky.9. 2019.浙江卷People develop_ preference for a particular styl

15、e of learning at _early age and these preference affect learning.10.2019.福建卷The “Chinese dream is _ dream to improve peoples well-being and _dream of harmony ,peace and development.11. 2019江西卷Animals are obviously _lower form of life than man .12. 2019.新課標(biāo)全國卷IIFour and _half hours discussion took us

16、 up ti midnight ,and _break for cheese ,chocolate and tea with sugar.13. 2019.陜西卷Marco Polo is said to have sailed on _pacific ocean on his way to java in _thirteenth century 14. 2019.全國卷ISara looked at _finished painting with satisfaction.15.2019.全國卷II He missed _gold in the high jump ,but will get

17、 _second chance in the long jump.16. 2019.浙江Janes grandmother had wanted to write _childrens book for many years ,but one thing or another always got in _way.17. 2019.四川2019 Brian is gifted in writing music ;he is very likely to be _Beethoven.18. 2019.陜西 _more learned a man is ,_more modest he usual

18、ly become.19.2019.浙江_prize for the winner of the competition is _two-week holiday in Paris.20.2019 重慶Id just heard _bank where Dora works was robbed by _gunman wearing a mask.五、實戰(zhàn)演練課本、報刊雜志中的成語、名言警句等俯首皆是,但學(xué)生寫作文運用到文章中的甚少,即使運用也很難做到恰如其分。為什么?還是沒有徹底“記死的緣故。要解決這個問題,方法很簡單,每天花3-5分鐘左右的時間記一條成語、一那么名言警句即可?？梢詫懺诤蠛诎宓摹胺e累專欄上每日一換,可以在每天課前的3分鐘讓學(xué)生輪流講解,也可讓學(xué)生個人搜集,每天往筆記本上抄寫,老師定期檢查等等。這樣,一年